Contents

CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO:

TITLE

PAGE
NO:

ABSTRACT
1

LIST OF FIGURES

iii

2

MINIMAL OR NON INVASIVE METHODS

3

USED FOR SUGAR LEVEL DETECTION
2.1 BLOOD GLUCOSE METERS

3

2.1.1

SIZE

4

2.1.2

TEST STRIPS

4

2.1.3

CODING

4

2.1.4

VOLUME OF BLOOD

5

SAMPLES
2.1.5

ALTERNATIVE SITE

5

TESTING

3

2.1.6

TESTING TIMES

5

2.1.7

DISPLAY

5

2.2 URINE TESTING

6

2.3 AIC TEST

6

2.3.1

LABORATORY ANALYSIS

7

2.3.2

ABNORMAL RESULTS

8

2.4 FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE TEST

8

2.5 ORAL GLUCOSE TEST

8

ACTIVE CONTACT LENS SYSTEM FOR

9

WIRELESS MONITORING
4

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF GLUCOSE

11

SENSOR
4.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
i

11

4.2 GLUCOSE SENSOR DESIGN AND

11

FABRICATION
5

CIRCUIT IMPLEMENTATION
5.1

ANTENNA DESIGN

12

5.2

POWER DELIVERY AND

13

RECTIFIER DESIGN
5.3

REGULATOR AND BIAS

13

GENERATION
5.4

POTENTIOSTAT

13

5.5

CURRENT-TO-FREQUENCY

13

CONVERTER
5.6

PULSE GENERATOR AND

14

BACKSCATTER MODULATOR
6

GOOGLE’S SMART CONTACT LENS

15

6.1

TECHNICAL CHALLENGES

17

6.2

THREE STEP MANUFACTURING

18

6.3

SENSOR CHALLENGES PROCESS

19

7

ADVANTAGES

20

8

FUTURE SCOPE

21

9

CONCLUSION

22

REFERENCE

23

ii

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG NO:

NAME

PAGE
NO:

3.1

CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM OF AN ACTIVE
CONTACT-LENS SYSTEM

9

5.1

DESIGN OF THE GLUCOSE SENSOR

11

6.1

BASIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SMART
CONTACT LENS

12

7.1

GOOGLE SMART CONTACT LENS

15

9.1

THREE STEP MANUFACTURING PROCESS

18

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iv