Viruses and Cancer
Content
and
Can you catch cancer?
1. How tumor viruses were discovered
2. What these cancer viruses are and how they work
3. How viruses opened the door to understanding the molecular basis of cancer
4. How we now use viruses to kill cancer cells
Viruses
NORMAL
TRANSFORMED
23.6% ( developing countries) 1.5 M cancer cases /year
7.7% (developed countries) 390,000 cancer cases /year
Moore and Chang, 2010 Highlights of the first century human tumor virology
The Biology of Cancer, Weinberg 2006
Moore and Chang, 2010
Moore and Chang, 2010 Highlights of the first century human tumor virology
CONTROL OF CELL REPLICATION 1. PROTO – ONCOGENES
(cellular oncogene, c-onc)
2. TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES
http://media.cirrusmedia.com.au/
PROMOTERS
HER-2/neu encodes for a cell surface receptor that can stimulate cell division. amplified in 30% of human breast cancers.
RAS kinase signaling pathways that ultimately control transcription of genes,
MYC transcription factor and controls expression of several genes.
SRC Src was the first oncogene ever discovered. a tyrosine kinase, which regulates cell activity.
PROTO ONCOGENES
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize
Cellular Checkpoints
TOBACCO CHEMICAL S RADIATION etc
When life hands you lemons, make …
Tumor selectivity
human or veterinary Inherent oncotropism or genetically engineered
Tumor killing Consequence of lytic viral replication Viral delivers genes to tumor cells that will cause Apoptosis – p53 gene therapy
Stimulates antitumor immunity Tumor vascular shutdown massive tumor necrosis
Sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy or radiotherapy
http://www.oncolyticimmunotherapy.com
Can you catch cancer?
1. How tumor viruses were discovered
2. What these cancer viruses are and how they work
3. How viruses opened the door to understanding the molecular basis of cancer
4. How we now use viruses to kill cancer cells
Viruses
NORMAL
TRANSFORMED
23.6% ( developing countries) 1.5 M cancer cases /year
7.7% (developed countries) 390,000 cancer cases /year
Moore and Chang, 2010 Highlights of the first century human tumor virology
The Biology of Cancer, Weinberg 2006
Moore and Chang, 2010
Moore and Chang, 2010 Highlights of the first century human tumor virology
CONTROL OF CELL REPLICATION 1. PROTO – ONCOGENES
(cellular oncogene, c-onc)
2. TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES
http://media.cirrusmedia.com.au/
PROMOTERS
HER-2/neu encodes for a cell surface receptor that can stimulate cell division. amplified in 30% of human breast cancers.
RAS kinase signaling pathways that ultimately control transcription of genes,
MYC transcription factor and controls expression of several genes.
SRC Src was the first oncogene ever discovered. a tyrosine kinase, which regulates cell activity.
PROTO ONCOGENES
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize
Cellular Checkpoints
TOBACCO CHEMICAL S RADIATION etc
When life hands you lemons, make …
Tumor selectivity
human or veterinary Inherent oncotropism or genetically engineered
Tumor killing Consequence of lytic viral replication Viral delivers genes to tumor cells that will cause Apoptosis – p53 gene therapy
Stimulates antitumor immunity Tumor vascular shutdown massive tumor necrosis
Sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy or radiotherapy
http://www.oncolyticimmunotherapy.com
