Water Waste Water Treatment

WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
www.balmoraltanks.com

Information

Technical data

Wastewater treatment plant

Rainwater harvesting systems

Water storage

Balmoral Tanks

Wastewater treatment plant

Balmoral rainwater harvesting systems
Home-HarvestTM rainwater system Garden-HarvestTM rainwater system

Septic tanks Balmoral Continuous Aeration Plant (CAP) Balmoral HydroClearTM Balmoral Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR)

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44 46

Water storage

Above ground water storage Underground water storage Balmoral Hydrostack emergency water storage

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Balmoral Tanks Ltd
Balmoral Group

61

Balmoral Park, Loirston, Aberdeen AB12 3GY, Scotland Email [email protected] www.balmoraltanks.com
©2009 Balmoral Tanks. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Balmoral Tanks believe that the information printed in this brochure is accurate, and published for information only. No warrants, express or implied, are contained therein, nor does any legal liability attach to Balmoral Tanks for any reason whatsoever. The company’s policy is one of continuous product improvement and we reserve the right to make alterations to our range and specification without prior notice.

HEAD OFFICE AND FACTORIES

Tel +44 (0)1224 859000 Fax +44 (0)1224 859123

Wastewater treatment plant

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

Reference should be made to the following guidance notes • Environment Agency Pollution Prevention Guidelines PPG4 • British Standards 6297 • European Standards BSEN12566 • Building Control Regulations 2000 Part H Drainage and Waste Disposal, 2002 edition • British Water Flows and Loads - 2

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Mains and off-mains drainage

The majority of houses in the UK are linked to the public sewerage system; you pull the plug, flush the toilet, pay the monthly bill and have little more to worry about. This is mains drainage.

In rural areas many homes and villages are self-contained, ie, the wastewater flows to a cesspool, septic tank or treatment plant. This has no connection to the public sewerage system and is known as off-mains.

Choosing the right sewage treatment and disposal method for your site is essential to ensure value for money, effective longterm performance, protection of public health and the environment, and compliance with relevant legislation*

If you seek a solution to your off-mains wastewater disposal, one of the three following options will be required: Q Septic tank Q Package wastewater treatment plant Q Cesspool

If you’re off-mains what are your options?

Septic tank

The solids that gather at the bottom of the tank must be emptied regularly to prevent overflow and potential soakaway damage. Package wastewater treatment plant So-called because these products bring together all the requirements to treat wastewater to a high standard within a single pre-fabricated system. Generally consisting of a two or three chamber treatment process, effluent is treated aerobically, ie, using oxygen, to such a standard that it is usually acceptable to discharge directly into watercourse.

Septic tank Solids and liquids separate in a septic tank with the liquids receiving minimum biological treatment. The liquid in the centre of the tank is discharged via an outlet before passing through a soakaway system which must be installed to national standards.

Package wastewater treatment plant

Package treatment plants require an electrical connection and should be emptied regularly dependent on usage and capacity.

Cesspool * Source: EA PPG4

Unless there is absolutely no other solution - where the ground conditions prevent the installation of a soakaway system or there is no natural watercourse to discharge to for example cesspools are not a favoured choice, either of the property owner or the environmental agencies.

Cesspool This is a single watertight underground chamber which simply stores raw sewage for collection. Usually constructed in GRP, concrete or brick these can be very large and must be emptied regularly to avoid overflowing.

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This will normally include geographic research in terms of water table height, a site visit and a percolation test. Combined, these factors will determine the type of system that best meets your criteria.

As the final effluent will be discharged into the ground via a soakaway, raised mound, reed bed or watercourse, a full assessment should be undertaken by a qualified engineer.

Now that you have identified the requirement for a wastewater treatment system, how do you know which one is correct for your property?

Which one is for you?

Contact local Building Control (BC) office and environmental regulator for selection of discharge type1

Perform site assessment for gravity or pumped discharge to public sewer point

Site unsuitable for soakaway

Pollution of the environment is a criminal offence and compliance with one or more Guidance Note is not a defence to such offences. It is recommended that you check the references to other sources of guidance to ensure they are still current*

Public Sewer discharge

Soakaway discharge

Surface/open water discharge

Confirm acceptance to adopt discharge with local water company provider

Discuss BC approval for septic tank2 discharge through soakaway system (subject to site assessment)

Obtain approval from environmental regulator for discharge authorisation Consent Licence Registration (CLR)

Perform site assessment for soakaway suitability, including percolation test

Perform site assessment and using CLR, select Balmoral Hydroclear, CAP or SBR to suit effluent quality and population requirement

Submit plans with details of proposed system to BC for final approval

Size system for population requirement and submit plans to BC for final approval

Submit plans with details of proposed system to BC for final approval

1 2

Balmoral Tanks Sales will be able to offer further independent advice where multiple options exist In some circumstances a Package Treatment Plant may be required - select Balmoral Hydroclear, CAP or SBR

Your agency will be happy to advise you on the level of effluent treatment required in the area and this information will help you determine which type of wastewater treatment plant should be installed. You will then be required to complete and submit a Consent to Discharge application form including a fee to the appropriate agency. Consent to discharge criteria is normally expressed in permitted milligrams per litre for the following factors: Q Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Q Suspended Solids (SS) Q Ammonia (NH3)
* Source: EA PPG4

Where effluent will be discharged to a watercourse and depending on the volume, consent must be granted by your local environment agency before you begin your installation. If you do not obtain such a “licence” you may be liable to prosecution.

Consent to discharge

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Quite often, in new build situations particularly, this approval will form part of the overall permission but be sure to have this clarified in every case.

You should contact your local authority to determine whether or not planning permission is required before you begin the project.

Will you need planning permission?

Installation

It is recommended that wastewater treatment plants shouldn’t be sited any nearer than 25m from an inhabitated building although some local authorities may allow installation considerably closer. For single house installations 15m is generally considered as a reasonable distance though agreement should always be sought from your local authority before installation.

Access should be maintained for the desludging tanker, these can normally achieve a reach of approximately 20m. The installation must be carried out by suitably qualified personnel and special care is required when installing in adverse conditions such rocky substrata or where the water table runs high, for example.

The plant should not be installed close to a driveway or road or indeed anywhere else where there is a risk of it being subjected to additional superimposed loadings.

Any proposals for non-mains sewerage systems must take account of the requirements of Building Regulations and should be discussed with the local planning authority at an early stage and well before any planning application is made*

Sewage treatment is an ongoing process and the micro-organisms must stay healthy for the system to work. You should desludge the system regularly to prevent the build up of sludge and solids so that sewage flows freely through the unit*

Commissioning, maintenance and after sales support

We would always recommend that your wastewater treatment plant is commissioned, ie, installation check and initial activation, by a Balmoral approved engineer. We would also recommend that you undertake an annual maintenance programme to ensure your plant continues to operate at its full potential. We will be very happy to help you initiate this, if requested, when your plant is commissioned. In any case, you should inspect your wastewater plant monthly to ensure the effluent is flowing freely. Desludging intervals are dependent upon the tank’s capacity and further information on this is provided in the productspecific sections. Our after sales support team is always available either by calling 01283 562382 or by sending an email to [email protected]. We will be happy to answer your questions if you don’t find the information you require at the FAQ section of our website.

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SEPTIC TANKS

Septic tanks

Key benefits
Q Wide base and lifting eyes Q Adjustable invert depth Q Impact resistant body moulded in one-piece polyethylene

Q Integral venting pipework

Q Fully sized, two stage separation treatment chambers

Q Wide range to suit population requirements Q BBA Accredited (Cert. no. 94/3021)

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SEPTIC TANKS
A septic tank is designed to provide what is known as primary treatment to crude wastewater produced in a normal domestic environment. It retains solids and allows them to settle out, where they can be partially broken down by biological action so that only the remaining liquor is left to flow down the outlet drain. This liquor (normally called effluent) is then sufficiently treated to soak into the ground in an underground soakaway system. Balmoral septic tanks are designed in accordance with British Standard Code of Practice BS6297 and are based on a two chamber design (4 and 5) with a long flow path which ensures a high degree of settlement (6), thus providing a low level of suspended solids suitable for discharge (7) into an underground soakaway system. 2 3

How does it work?

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7

5

Design features

Q The tanks have a flat base for stability during transportation and storage prior to installation

Q The inlet and outlet pipework is specially designed to disperse any noxious or inflammable gases into the atmosphere through the drainage ventilation Q The standard septic tank is designed to cater for drain invert depths of 770mm. The neck can be reduced to suit shallower invert depth

Q The tanks have Ø50mm moulded-in lifting eyes for use during handling and installation (To be used only when the tank is empty)

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Q The inlet pipe can be rotated by 180° to line up with the drainage lines from almost any direction Q The system of baffles ensure that no crude solids escape into the outlet drain, avoiding premature blocking of the soakaway system

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

110mm Inlet Rodding access Pedestrian duty manhole cover Settlement chamber Cylindrical baffle Settlement 110mm Outlet

Q A fully lockable pedestrian duty manhole cover is supplied as standard to comply with statutory regulations

Q Balmoral septic tanks are tested and approved by the British Board of Agrément (Cert. no. 94/3021)

Q A safety grille can also be supplied as an optional item to fit across the access shaft as an additional safety feature

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Balmoral septic tanks

BST27
Specifications Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 800 1-4 n/a n/a 2700 1840 2400 0 197 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BBA Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm)

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

770

Reduced invert cut line Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

BST27-WLID-NN
(Cert No. 94/3021)
Ø1275 Ø1840

BST38
Specifications Organic load (g BOD5/day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) NH3 (g/day) Max hydraulic load (I/day) Population served 2000 n/a n/a 5-10 3800 2045 240 0 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BBA 2640 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm)

2400

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

770

Reduced invert cut line Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

BST38-WLID-NN
(Cert No. 94/3021)
Ø1275 Ø2045

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2640

890

890

770

BST45
Specifications NH3 (g/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 2800 n/a n/a 11-14 Total capacity (litres) Height (mm) Diameter (mm) 4500 2770 275 0 2165 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BBA

Balmoral septic tanks

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

Reduced invert cut line Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

BST45-WLID-NN
Ø1275 Ø2165

(Cert No. 94/3021)

BST60
Specifications NH3 (g/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) Max hydraulic load (I/day) Population served 4400 n/a n/a 15-22 Diameter (mm) Height (mm) Total capacity (litres) 6000 3005 335 0 2365 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BBA

2770

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

770

Reduced invert cut line Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

BST60-WLID-NN
(Cert No. 94/3021)
Ø1275 Ø2365

3005

890

890

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BALMORAL CAP
Continuous Aeration Plant

Balmoral CAP

Key benefits
Q Wide base for stability and ease of handling and storage Q Sturdy lifting eyes for easy handling and installation Q Impact resistant body moulded in one-piece polyethylene

Q Achieves Royal Commission standards for effluent quality under normal domestic conditions Q Powered by a small, near silent air compressor Q Corrosion resistant

Q The Balmoral CAP is tested and approved by the Irish Agrément Board (Cert. no. 02/0148)

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BALMORAL CAP
Continuous Aeration Plant
The Balmoral CAP is a biological aeration type treatment plant designed to produce a moderate quality of final effluent in addition to overcoming several of the common problems associated with small packaged domestic wastewater treatment units. Common problems which can occur are: Q “Fixed film” types, which have a “media” matrix, can suffer from media blockage because of excessive bacteria growth. Replacement/ maintenance of the media material may be required at regular intervals

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6

Q Mechanical/electrical components within the tanks are difficult to maintain and can be a safety risk Q The liquor is not spread evenly over the available bacteria preventing an adequate oxygen supply The Balmoral CAP overcomes these problems because: Q There is no “fixed” media within the CAP to become blocked - it operates on the “activated sludge” principal whereby the bacteria floats in suspension in the reactor vessel and forms an “active soup” of “mixed liquor”

3 1 2

5

4

The mid section of this treated effluent is then removed from the chamber through a calming pipe (5) which allows a further brief settlement before discharge (6). The air compressor (7) runs continuously. It is contained within the neck of the tank and is accessible for maintenance if required. Easy access is available to both chambers for desludging which is an annual operation.

Crude wastewater enters the main outer chamber (1) where the initial settlement takes place, with the heaviest solids sinking and the floating matter rising. The liquor from the main section is transferred to the central chamber (2) where it is continuously aerated by the fine bubble diffuser (4) which encourages bacteria to provide the second stage of treatment.

How does it work?

Q The bacteria receives a high quality air supply and is completely mixed and aerated by the high volume fine bubble diffuser

Q All functions within the tank are operated by air power generated by a small compressor contained in the neck of the tank, allowing maintenance to be carried out safely and easily

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Primary settlement tank Reactor vessel Transfer pipe Fine bubble diffuser Calming pipe Outlet pipe Air compressor

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Balmoral Continuous Aeration Plant

CAP6
Specifications Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 1-6 48 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 1.4

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

1200 360
Inlet

770

Reduced invert cut line

3800 2045 250 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months 2640

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Pump version Product code

BCAP-6-NN

Accreditation

BCAP-6-NN-WPUMP

IAB (Cert No. 02/0148)

2640

Ø1275 Ø2045

CAP6
Specifications Organic load (g BOD5/day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) NH3 (g/per day) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 1-6 360 48 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 250 1.4 500 620

Low invert
Ground level

Ø760mm Nominal access

500

3800 2045 2370

Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Pump version Product code

Ø110 Ø760 12 months

BCAP-6-NN-LINV

Accreditation

BCAP-6-NN-WPUMP-LINV IAB (Cert No. 02/0148)

2370

Ø1275 Ø2045

18

620

1200

890

CAP12
Specifications NH3 (g/per day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 2400 720 96 7-12 Total capacity (litres) Height (mm) Diameter (mm) 6000 3005 345 1.8 2365 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 770 890 Ø110 Ø760 12 months

Balmoral Continuous Aeration Plant
Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

770

Reduced invert cut line Inlet

Outlet

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Pump version Product code

Accreditation

BCAP-12-NN-WPUMP

BCAP-12-NN

IAB (Cert No. 02/0148)

3005

Ø1275 Ø2365

500

Diameter (mm) Height (mm)

Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm)

2735 345 1.8

2365

500 620 Ø110 Ø760 12 months

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Pump version Product code

BCAP-12-NN-LINV

Accreditation

BCAP-12-NN-WPUMP-LINV IAB (Cert No. 02/0148)

2735

NH3 (g/per day)

Organic load (g BOD5/day)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

2400 720 96

7-12

Inlet

Outlet

Total capacity (litres)

6000

Ø1275 Ø2365

620

CAP12
Specifications

Low invert

Ø760mm Nominal access Ground level

890

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BALMORAL HYDROCLEAR

TM

Balmoral HydroClearTM

Key benefits
Q 24 month service period reduces operating costs Q 6-50 pop options Q Cost effective installation Q Carries full CE accreditation to BS EN12566-3 Q Virtually silent operation Q Market leading pollutant removal level of 97%

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BALMORAL HYDROCLEAR
6 9 8 7 1 10

TM

5 11 2 3 12

4

1 110-160mm inlet depending on model 2 Primary settlement chamber 3 Aeration chamber 4 Final settlement chamber 5 110-160mm outlet depending on model 6 160mm capped lid: desludge point 7 Electrical isolator switch 8 Air compressor with warning system (240V) 9 760mm manway lid: bolted down and sealed 10 160mm capped lid: desludge point 11 Bio media 12 Bubble diffuser

An aerated biological system, the HydroClear benefits from a moving bed biological reactor, or MBBR, at its core. A new process in the package wastewater market, MBBR technology embraces the benefits of common fixed film media processes without suffering their common downfalls.

Design features

Overgrowth of bacteria leading to ‘channelling’ is an issue with common process designs such as submerged aerated filters (SAF), rotating biological contactors (RBC) or trickling filter (TF) designs.

Q Class-leading performance The HydroClear produces an astonishing market leading pollutant removal level of 97%. Carrying full CE accreditation to BS EN12566-3, final values are achieved for BOD, SS and NH4-N of 10:13:6mg/l respectively.

How does it work?

The Balmoral HydroClear system incorporates a full size three chamber design, ie, primary settlement, aeration chamber and final settlement.

Within the primary settlement chamber, large solids are removed by settlement and flotation. An accumulation forms at the base of the tank and is removed annually or biennially by desludging.

The treated effluent and sloughed off bacteria flows into the final settlement chamber where any remaining small solids are removed prior to the clarified effluent being discharged from the plant.

Unlike conventional media beds, MBBR systems are self cleaning and unable to become blocked through channelling. Media interactions produce a sloughing effect that removes excess bacteria thus ensuring continuous regrowth, optimising overall reactor efficiency.

The clarified water then passes to the biological reactor where it is treated to remove the dissolved constituents. Mobile media elements support large bacterial populations within the reaction chamber while induced air promotes complete mixing ensuring that full treatment is achieved.

Q 6-50-pop options The HydroClear is available in 6, 12, 30, 40 and 50-population models, in single or multitank designs, depending on size, offering a highly flexible solution to space-limited sites.

Q Odour minimisation Hermetically sealed and market leading performance means the HydroClear effectively combats odour production.

Q Silence is golden High performance diaphragm blowers are used across the full range of HydroClears providing virtually silent operation.

Q Power failure default Even if the power fails the HydroClear will continue performing as a septic tank to ensure continued environmental protection.

Q Easy installation Further benefits are realised from the outset with optimised design characteristics meaning the 6-pop model can be installed using a 2.5-tonne mini-digger rather than the 7 or 12-tonne machines required for traditional plants. These design values are reflected across the entire HydroClear range resulting in simple, cost effective installation with minimal damage to the surrounding area.

Q Lower operating costs With its unprecedented 24month service period and enhanced capacities the HydroClear can dramatically reduce long term operating costs. This is achieved through the inherent reliability of the simple but effective design rather than using complex systems that require frequent maintenance and desludging to achieve optimum performance.

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Balmoral HydroClearTM
Ø760mm Ground level Access to air compressor Ø760mm

2450

Inlet

Outlet

3400

Max width 1250

HC6

Specifications

Max hydraulic load (l/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Total capacity (litres)

Population served

1-6 48

1200 360 4440 3400 1250 2450 450

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Product code Accreditation

1050

1000

1.8

1000 1050 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BHYD-6 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Ground level

Desludging point (160mm)

Ø760mm

Ø760mm

Access to air compressor Desludging point (160mm)

1000

2450

Inlet

Outlet

4500

HC12

Specifications

Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Total capacity (litres)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

2400 720 96 5950 4500 1400 2450 550

7-12

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

Empty plant weight (kg)

24

1050 Max width 1400

2.5

1000 1050 Ø110 Ø760 9 months BHYD-12 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

Balmoral HydroClearTM
Desludging point (160mm) Ø760mm Access to air compressor Ø760mm Desludging point (160mm)

Ground level

1000

2450

Inlet

Outlet

5680

HC20

Specifications

Max hydraulic load (l/day) NH3 (g/per day) Length (mm) Width (mm) Organic load (g BOD5/day) Total capacity (litres) Height (mm)

Population served

4000 7960 5680 2450 700 160

13-20 1200

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Product code Accreditation

2.7

1000 1050 Ø110 Ø760 6 months BHYD-20 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

1400

Empty plant weight (kg)

Ground level 1000

Desludging point (160mm)

Ø760mm

Desludging point (160mm) 1050

Rodding point

Ø760mm

Access to air compressor Desludging point (160mm) 1050 Outlet

2450

Inlet

600 min 4500
distance between tanks

1050
Max width 1400

4500

Max width 1400

Primary tank
9600 min overall length

Aeration/final settlement tank

HC30

Specifications

Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Overall length (mm) Height (mm) Total capacity (litres)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

6000 240

21-30 1800

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Product code Accreditation

3.6

1000 1050 Ø160 Ø760 6 months BHYD-30 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

11410 2450 1030 1400

Width (mm)

9600 (minimum)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Note: The HC30 can be installed in line or side by side as conditions dictate

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Balmoral HydroClearTM
Access to air compressor Desludging point (160mm) 1050 Outlet 5680

Desludging point (160mm) Ground level 1000

Ø760mm Desludging point (160mm) 1050

Rodding point

Ø760mm

2450

Inlet

4500

600 min distance between tanks 10780 min overall length

Primary tank

Aeration/final settlement tank

Max width 1400

HC40

Specifications

Max hydraulic load (l/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Width (mm) Total capacity (litres) Overall length (mm) Height (mm)

Population served

31-40 8000 2400 320 14920 1400 2450 1190 10780 (minimum)

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

5.2

1000 1050 Ø160 Ø760 6 months BHYD-40 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Note: The HC40 can be installed in line or side by side as conditions dictate

Desludging point (160mm) Ground level

Ø760mm

Desludging point (160mm) Rodding point
1050

Ø760mm

Access to air compressor Rodding point
1050

Ø760mm

Desludging point (160mm)

2450

Inlet

Outlet

5680

600 min distance between tanks

4500

600 min distance between tanks

3400

Primary tank

Aeration tank
14780 min overall length

Final settlement tank

Max width 1400

HC50

Specifications

Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Width (mm) Total capacity (litres) Overall length (mm) Height (mm)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

10000 3000 400 18400 1400 2450 1590

41-50

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

5.7

1000 1050 Ø160 Ø760 6 months BHYD-50 CE (BS EN 12566-3)

14780 (minimum)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Note: The HC50 can be installed in line or side by side as conditions dictate

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1050

1000

A number of products on the market state 12-month desludging intervals, similar to the HydroClear 6-pop. However, the primary settlement capacities of some of these products could be smaller than the HC6 by as much as 66%. Unless accounted for by special process design this can result in desludging being required three times more frequently than the HydroClear. Similar circumstances may also be found in ranges above 6 pop.

Desludging intervals

Operating cost calculator

Visit balmoralhydroclear.com to compare the life cycle costs of alternative products with the Balmoral HydroClear.

Using the Balmoral sludge gauge, end-users can accurately measure sludge build up. Where reduced loadings exist, the HydroClear can operate safely with longer desludging intervals in comparison to similar sized products.

Servicing

The Balmoral HydroClear has been specifically designed to operate round a 24-month service interval; one of the longest available in the market. The simplicity of the system also gives the end-user an option to service their plant using accredited engineers or perform a self service using Balmoral supplied kits. Either choice means paying less in service costs over the product’s lifetime.

Balmoral HydroClear 6-pop 10 year maintenance costs
End of year one Two-yearly service by owner Two-yearly desludge Total first year cost

Cumulative six year costs Cumulative eight year costs Cumulative ten year costs

End of year three Two-yearly service by owner Two-yearly desludge Cumulative three year costs End of year four Two-yearly service by owner Two-yearly desludge Cumulative four year costs

End of year two Two-yearly service by owner (service kit) 50 Two-yearly desludge 200 Cumulative two year costs 250

£ NR NR 0

£ 200 200 400 200 200 800

Comparable treatment plant 10 year maintenance costs
Annual engineer service Annual desludge Total first year cost Annual engineer service Annual desludge Cumulative two year costs Annual engineer service Annual desludge Cumulative three year costs Annual engineer service Annual desludge Cumulative four year costs

0 0 250 50 200 500

200 200 1200 200 200 1600

750 1000 1250

2400 3200 4000

Cumulative six year costs Cumulative eight year costs Cumulative ten year costs

4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Life cycle costs: HydroClear v Comparable treatment plant
t le rab a mp Co t rea nt me

nt pla

Cumulative servicing costs (£)

Balmoral HydroClear

0

1

2

3

Plant lifetime (years)

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

It has been assumed that the desludge interval for the HydroClear will be twice as long as the comparable product and self servicing will be carried out on the HydroClear every two years. The HydroClear’s actual desludge interval may be longer than this depending on usage.

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BALMORAL SBR
Sequential Batch Reactor

Balmoral SBR

Key benefits
Q Controlled batching of water treatment provides unrivalled effluent quality

Q Bespoke designs available to meet specific flow and load requirements Q Completely separate control kiosk houses a modern PLC control system Q Internal venting pipework

Q No high voltage electrics within the tanks providing a safe design Q Tested and approved by the BBA (Cert. no. 01/3786) and Irish Agrément Board (Cert. no. 02/0150)

29

BALMORAL SBR
Sequential Batch Reactor
11 The Balmoral Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) combines the efficiency of activated sludge aeration with batch treatment to provide exceptional effluent quality even under extreme loadings. 12
Maximum level Fill

The Balmoral SBR has been designed and built by Balmoral Tanks in association with the University of Abertay, Dundee, Waste Water Technology Centre, who acted as external consultants. The university carried out an in-depth test programme during which the SBR was tested and evaluated alongside a leading competitors model.

In common with all Balmoral products, no compromise is made with regard to quality or design and the advanced technology and materials used in the manufacture of the SBR will ensure a lifetime of reliable service with the very minimum of maintenance.

8
Minimum level

9

1

10 7

Settled sludge level

The aim of the development programme was to design a unit which was not only very robust and reliable but which would provide outstanding effluent quality without the need for expensive “add on” equipment and would also overcome technical problems - (such as peak surges through the bio-zone), which most current designs have failed to adequately address. The final report from the WWTC confirms that the Balmoral SBR out-performs its rivals in almost every respect and that it has the capability to meet even the most onerous effluent requirement.

3

4

6

2

5

How does it work?

Crude wastewater enters the Primary Settlement Tank (PST) (2) where gross solids settle out and the supernatant liquor remaining near the surface can be drawn off. Substantial “buffer” storage volume is provided in the PST to cope with even the most extreme peak flow loadings (3). A set volume (or batch) of the liquor is transferred to the Reactor Vessel (RV) by an “air-lift” pump (4) where it is mixed and aerated by a powerful air bubble diffuser (5) for a period of 4 hours. During this aeration cycle efficient oxygen transfer cultures a dense “soup” of bacteria (the active sludge) which feeds on the sewage liquor thereby removing most of the organic pollutants. After aeration, the bubble diffuser is switched off and there is a settling period during which the dense activated sludge sinks to the bottom of the RV leaving behind the clarified effluent, (7) which is then discharged into the drain by a second “air-lift” pump (9). All functions within the tanks are operated by air power which is supplied by an electric air compressor and the system is controlled by an integrated programmable unit which monitors the process to take account of flow conditions.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

110-160mm inlet depending on model Primary settlement chamber Buffer storage of 2/3 daily flow Air lift pump Bubble diffuser Activated sludge storage Clarified effluent Batch cycle volume of 1/3 daily flow Second air lift pump 110-160mm outlet depending on model Desludge point 600mm manway lid: bolted down and sealed

Design features

Q Unrivalled effluent quality

Q Reduces main pollutants including ammonia by 96% Q Batching system eliminates peak surges Q Controlled by an integrated programmable control unit Q Powered by an air compressor

Q Automatic “holiday mode” aeration cycle Q Safe - no 240 volt electrics within tanks

Q Very robust - one piece moulded polyethylene body Q The Balmoral SBR is tested and approved by the British Board of Agrément (Cert. no. 94/3021) and the Irish Agrément Board (Cert no. 02.0150) Q Reliable - all components easily accessible

31

Balmoral Sequential Batch Reactor

SBR6
Specifications Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) Max hydraulic load (l/day) Population served 1-6 360 48 Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) 352

Control kiosk

Desludging point Ground level

Ø760mm

1200
1130

3800 2045 3005 2.16
Inlet 3005 Outlet

1130 1240 Ø110 Ø760 12 months BSBR6 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)
Ø1275 Ø2045

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

Organic load (g BOD5/day) Total capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) NH3 (g/per day)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

2400 720 96

Service duct (Ø110mm)

6000 2365 3175 439 975 2.16 1085

Inlet

Outlet

Empty plant weight (kg) Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm)

Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

Ø110 Ø760 12 months BSBR12 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)
Ø1275 Ø2365

32

3175

1085

975

Population served

7-12

620

SBR12
Specifications

Control kiosk

Desludging point Ground level

Ø760mm

1240

Service duct (Ø110mm)

620

Balmoral Sequential Batch Reactor
Rodding point Ground level 932 977
Fall between tanks approx 1 in 40mm

Ø760mm

Control kiosk

Rodding point

Ø760mm

Inlet 3005

Outlet

300

Ø1275 Ø2365

37

Ø1275 Ø2365

Primary tank

Aeration/final settlement tank

SBR18

Specifications

Population served NH3 (g/per day) Width (mm)

Max hydraulic load (l/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) Overall length (mm) Total capacity (litres) Height (mm)

3600 144

13-18

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Product code Accreditation

13.3 932 977 Ø110 Ø760 6 months BSBR18 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)

1080

12000 3005 587

5030 (minimum) Ø2365

Empty plant weight (kg)

Rodding point Ground level 932

Ø760mm

Control kiosk

Rodding point

Ø760mm

Inlet 3005

Fall between tanks approx 1 in 40mm

Outlet

300

Ø1275 Ø2365

37

Ø1275 Ø2365

Primary tank

Aeration/final settlement tank

SBR24

Specifications

Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Overall length (mm) Height (mm) Total capacity (litres)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

4800 192

19-24 1440

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Product code Accreditation

977

13.3 932 977 Ø110 Ø760 6 months BSBR24 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)

12000 3005 587

Width (mm)

5030 (minimum) Ø2365

Empty plant weight (kg)

33

Balmoral Sequential Batch Reactor
Rodding point Ground level 898 977
Fall between tanks approx 1 in 40mm

Pedestrian duty manhole cover

Control kiosk

Rodding point

Ø760mm

Inlet 2824

Outlet 3005 Ø1275 Ø2365

370

275 3050

Primary tank

Aeration/final settlement tank

SBR36

Specifications

Max hydraulic load (l/day) Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Width (mm) Total capacity (litres) Overall length (mm) Height (mm)

Population served

24-36 7200 2160 288 14000 3005 747 5785 (minimum) Ø2365

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

13.3 898 977 Ø110 Ø760 6 months BSBR36 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Rodding point Ground level

Pedestrian duty manhole cover

Control kiosk

Rodding point

Pedestrian duty manhole cover

Inlet 2824

Fall between tanks approx 1 in 40mm

Outlet

303

59 3050 3050

Primary tank

Aeration/final settlement tank

SBR48

Specifications

Organic load (g BOD5/day) NH3 (g/per day) Width (mm) Total capacity (litres) Overall length (mm) Height (mm)

Max hydraulic load (l/day)

Population served

9600 2880 384

37-48

Energy usage (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Lid size (mm) Outlet invert (mm) Pipework fitting (mm) Desludging interval Accreditation Product code

13.3 921 1030 Ø110 Ø760 6 months BSBR48 BBA (Cert No. 01/3786) IAB (Cert No. 02/0150)

16000 2275 2824 906

6403 (minimum)

Empty plant weight (kg)

34

1030

921

SBR +

Balmoral Tanks also designs and manufactures wastewater treatment plants for larger commercial and domestic applications. Please contact Balmoral Tanks to discuss your project requirements.

35

BALMORAL RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS

Balmoral rainwater harvesting systems
37

Balmoral rainwater harvesting systems

Balmoral rainwater harvesting systems reduce the demand for mains water provision. Many springs and rivers are naturally fed by groundwater and are important for wetlands and their ecosystems. More than 25% of groundwater sources are at risk because of abstraction pressures. By gathering and recycling rainwater, Balmoral’s harvesting systems reduce the volume of discharged rainwater and contribute to reduced flood risks. The loading on combined sewer overflows is also lowered resulting in improved river water quality. Balmoral offers two kinds of rainwater harvesting tanks for home and garden purposes:

Balmoral Home-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM - page 44 Designed for easy installation and reliable operation, each system provides the highest quality non-potable rainwater for toilet flushing, washing machines, garden irrigation and vehicle washing purposes. Balmoral Garden-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM - page 46 An easy to install, high performance and economic solution for the keen gardener providing free water, even during hosepipe bans, all year round.

Toilets 33.3% (harvestable) Gardens 6.1% (harvestable) Clothes washing 14% (harvestable) Car washing 0.7% (harvestable)

Personal washing 33.3% Direct heating systems 0.1% Dishwashing 7.7%

Gardens 6.1% (harvestable)

Toilets 33.3% (harvestable)

Clothes washing 14% (harvestable) Car washing 0.7% (harvestable) Miscellaneous 13.1%

Total 45.8% harvestable
Source: Environment Agency

The chart above shows the breakdown of water use in a typical household.

Harvest around 50% of your water needs

The Balmoral Home-Harvest and Garden-Harvest rainwater systems make it easy for you to gather and reuse this rainwater. Save on your water costs By recycling your rainwater, a Balmoral rainwater harvesting system can help save up to 50% of your metered water costs. Meters are provided free of charge from most water companies so the sooner you fit a Balmoral system the sooner you start saving.
Balmoral Home-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

Balmoral Garden-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

39

The size of a rainwater holding tank must match the demand for water with its availability as closely as possible. The tank size chosen must be a balance between budget, storage capacity and the need to enable an overflow at least twice a year to flush out floating debris. The Environment Agency publication ‘Harvesting rainwater for domestic uses: an information guide’ provides an authoritative and independent means of calculating the optimum size of tank for household water use and suggests that 5% of the annual rainwater supply, or of the annual rainwater demand, is used to determine the optimum size of tank, using the lower figure of the two.

What size of tank do you need?

What is your annual rainwater supply? Example Tank size (litres) = 130m
2

Catchment area m2 5,265 litres

x x

Drainage coefficient 0.8

x Filter efficiency x 0.9

=

x

x Annual rainfall mm 1125mm

x

x 5%

5%

Catchment area Is the width and length of your roof in m2. Remember you do not have to collect water from the entire roof. This can help to reduce installation costs. Drainage coefficient It is difficult to collect every drop of rain that falls on your roof. Light rainfall will only wet your roof and then evaporate and heavy rainfall can overflow gutters. A drainage coefficient is used to adjust the tank size calculation to allow for this. Roof type Pitched roof tiles Flat roof smooth tiles Flat roof with gravel layer Drainage coefficient 0.75-0.9 0.5 0.4

Annual rainfall This can vary dramatically over a relatively small area, so a reading (in mm) within 10 miles of the property is preferable. The local Environment Agency or the Met Office can supply rainfall data or you can use the regional guide figures we have provided in the table below. In the ‘annual rainwater supply example’ above we have used the average figure for the UK. Region UK S England N England Wales Scotland NI EIRE E EIRE W Average rainfall (mm) 1125 781 944 1433 1520 1111 875 (Source: Irish Met service) 1125

Filter efficiency During initial rainfall some rainwater will skim over the filter, clearing away any debris. During heavy flow some rainfall will also bypass the filter to overflow ensuring that the filter is not overloaded. 90% of rainfall is caught, therefore the Balmoral filter coefficient is 0.9.

5% is a constant percentage factor

Example

Tank size (litres)

What is your annual rainwater demand? = = Average usage 150 litres

=

5,015 litres

x

x

people in household 4

x

x

days/year 365

x x

% harvestable 45.8%

x

x

5% 5%

Average usage On average, each person in the UK uses around 150 litres of water every day and 45.8% of this total could be rainwater instead of mains water. 40

Balmoral produces four tanks for domestic use so all you need to do is select the tank that best suits your needs. To help you we have calculated the correct size of tank for you based on your annual rainwater supply and your annual rainwater demand. Select the tank size from either table and if they indicate different tank sizes then you should choose the smaller of the two. These tables have been produced using the average annual rainfall for the region and assumes a pitched roof with a conservative drainage coefficient of 0.8. If your roof area is beyond the capacity of our largest tank or if the number of people indicates a smaller tank than your roof area will collect, then this is acceptable as it will mean that the tank will overflow more often, flushing out any floating debris.

What is the right tank for you?

Tank size calculator

Calculate the size of tank required using the ‘Rainwater supply’ and ‘Rainwater demand’ tables below then select the smaller of the two tank sizes. Rainwater supply Region South England

50 BST-27

Roof size m2
60

70

80

90

100 BST-38

110

120

130

140 BST-45

150

160

170 BST-60

180

190

200

210

220

230

BST-27

BST-38

BST-45

BST-27

BST-38

BST-45

Northern Ireland

BST-38

BST-60

Scotland

BST-27

BST-38

BST-60

Wales

BST-27

BST-45

BST-27

BST-38

BST-45

Rainwater demand Region Tank

BST-27

Number of people
1 2 3

4

5

6+

BST-60

ROI West

BST-38

BST-60

ROI East

BST-45

BST-60

BST-45

BST-60

North England

BST-27

BST-38

BST-60

Balmoral tank sizes BST-27 BST-38

BST-45

BST-60

41

Balmoral rainwater tanks are produced in four sizes, ie, 2728, 3800, 4546 and 6000 litres, and are rotationally moulded in tough polyethylene which offers a very high level of impact resistance.

The ultimate underground rainwater harvesting tank

Design features

Q Stress free mouldings provides extra strength Q Leak proof, single piece moulding Q Lightweight, easy to handle

Q High impact strength at low temperatures

Q Low maintenance Q Recyclable Q UV protected

Q Corrosion resistant

By recycling your rainwater, a Balmoral rainwater harvesting system can help save up to 50% of your metered water costs

42

How does it work?

Home-Harvest system Please read in conjunction with the illustration on page 44.

A wall-mounted pump (1) draws water from the system to provide clean water for refilling a toilet cistern or for using with a washing machine. The guided suction line (4) allows the pump to provide the cleanest possible water from the tank. Garden-Harvest system Please read in conjunction with the illustrations on page 46.

A submersible pump (1) mounted within the rainwater harvesting system is connected to a garden water tap. A timer switch (6) allows the user to set specific periods of use. When this period expires the pump will switch off automatically.

43

Balmoral Home-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

B

1

A

C

5 E 2

C D
1 2 3 4 5 A B C D E Pump control unit Filter assembly Calmed inlet Guided suction pipe Telescopic turret Mains bypass connection Appliance connection Suction line Inlet Inlet overflow

4 3

External pipework A, B, C, D and E are not supplied as part of the tank package

1

1

Pump control unit Located inside the house No pump in the tank Auto mains water backup Fully insulated cover 10 litre break tank with air gap

Easy access to all electro-mechanical parts Simpler installation No loss of service. Does not refill tank from mains so less pipework and wasted water Quiet operation Meets water regulations Improved water quality Low maintenance Saves space. Easier installation and access Improved water quality Saves more water Improved water quality Improved water quality Improved water quality Minimises wasted water

2

2

Filter assembly Lift out 0.2mm stainless steel filter Self cleaning filter Located within tank Overflow skimmer with U-bend overflow 90% water yield Calmed inlet Minimises disturbance of settled matter Guided suction pipe Unique precision guided system ensures that water is taken only from the cleanest part of the tank Additional filter on suction inlet Precisely locates the tank low level sensor Telescopic turret Adjustable height

3

3 4

4

5

5

Minimises installation depth. Allows a neat flush finish with the ground

44

Balmoral Home-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

Ø760mm

Ground level

840

Reduced invert cut line

Inlet

Inlet overflow

Height

900 Filter assembly Calmed inlet

Guided suction intake c/w one-way valve and filter

Minimum water level sensor controls automatic mains back-up

Footprint Ø Diameter Ø

Capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm)

Population served

Specifications

Balmoral Home-Harvest Rainwater Tank 1 BST-27-HH 2 BST-38-HH

2700

Footprint (mm)

2400 190

Ø1840 Ø1275 0.25 840

3800

3

BST-45-HH

2640 230

Ø2045

4546

4+

BST-60-HH

Energy usage* (kWh/day) Inlet invert (mm) Inlet overflow (mm) Lid size (mm)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Ø1275 0.25 840

2770 260

Ø2165

6000

Ø1275 0.25 840

3005 310

Ø2365

Ø1275 0.25 840

Pipework fitting (mm) Filter checking interval

900

Ø110 Ø760

900

Ø110 Ø760

900

Ø110 Ø760

900

Ø110 Ø760

Product code

2 months

BST-27-HH

2 months

BST-38-HH

2 months

BST-45-HH

2 months

BST-60-HH

* Based on one-person average usage

45

Balmoral Garden-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

6

5 C 2

A B

4

1

3

1 2 3 4 5 6 A B C

External pipework A, B and C are not supplied as part of the tank package

Submersible pump Filter assembly Calmed inlet Guided suction pipe Telescopic turret IP rated switch Mains bypass connection Appliance connection Suction line

1

1

Pump located in tank High power pump Remote On/Off switch

Submersible pump

2

Filter assembly

Self contained easy installation High flow over long hose length Convenient and simple operation Improved water quality Low maintenance Saves space. Easier installation and access Improved water quality Saves more water Improved water quality Minimises installation depth. Allows a neat flush finish with the ground

2

Lift out 0.2mm stainless steel filter Self cleaning filter Located within tank Overflow skimmer with U-bend overflow 90% water yield

3

3 4

Calmed inlet

4

Minimises disturbance of settled matter

Telescopic turret
Adjustable height

46

Balmoral Garden-Harvest Rainwater SystemTM

Ø760mm

Ground level

840

Reduced invert cut line

Inlet

Inlet overflow

Height

900 Filter assembly Calmed inlet

11 4 ” delivery hose

Stainless steel submersible pump c/w float valve

Footprint Ø Diameter Ø

Capacity (litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm)

Population served

Specifications

Balmoral Garden-Harvest Rainwater Tank 1 BST-27-GH 2 BST-38-GH

2700

Footprint (mm)

2400 180 1

Ø1840 Ø1275

3800

3

BST-45-GH

2640 220

Ø2045

4546

4+

BST-60-GH

Energy usage* (kWh/day) Inlet overflow (mm) Lid size (mm) Inlet invert (mm)

Empty plant weight (kg)

Ø1275

2770 250

Ø2165

6000

Ø1275

3005 300

Ø2365

Ø1275

Pipework fitting (mm) Filter checking interval

900

840 Ø110 Ø760

1

900

840 Ø110 Ø760

1

900

840 Ø110 Ø760

1

900

840 Ø110 Ø760

Product code

BST-27-GH

12 months

BST-38-GH

12 months

BST-45-GH

12 months

12 months

BST-60-GH

* Based on one-person average usage

47

WATER STORAGE

Water storage

Reference should be made to the following • WRAS Water Regulations Guide ISBN 0-9539708-0-9 • Grants are available up to £800 from local authorities (Scotland only) For more information visit www.privatewatersupplies.gov.uk • Information and Guidance Note document (IGN No. 9-04-04) “Cold Water Storage Cisterns - Design Recommendations for Mains Supply Inlets” • www.defra.co.uk

49

Potable and non-potable water storage tanks

Balmoral’s rotationally moulded water tanks comply fully with United Kingdom water regulations.

The tanks are suitable for many applications and are provided with moulded-in areas for different types of fittings to be attached as required.

Tank features

The above ground tanks can be used for mains supplied potable water. The underground models should only be specified for non-mains supplied water or indirect mains supplied water.

Q 500mm diameter access points Q UV stabilised material Q Corrosion resistant

Q Suitable for agricultural, commercial and domestic use

Q Moulded in features to accept inlets, volume indicators, etc

Q Lightweight, one-piece construction

Above ground water storage

Agricultural and commercial water storage

Balmoral water storage tanks are widely used in the agricultural and commercial sectors as a cost-effective solution for mains supplied and non-mains supplied water storage. Typical uses for water storage tanks in these sectors include rainwater harvesting, fire-fighting systems, cleaning systems, water bowsers, sanitation and domestic facilities.

Underground water storage

Installation of a Balmoral water storage tank for domestic purposes must follow WRAS guidelines to reduce the risk of water contamination and provide a hygienic water supply. This may require additional fittings (see page 52) conforming to Schedule 2, section 7, paragraph 16 of the WRAS Water Regulations Guide (previously referred to as Byelaw 30 and Byelaw 60). These additional fittings should only be fitted when tanks are for indoor use. If in doubt, refer to WRAS Water Regulations Guide or contact your local authority.
Emergency water storage

For private water supplies, advice should be sought from the relevant authority on the correct type of installation should the water supply be subject to local controls.

To reduce the risk of water contamination in domestic situations, Balmoral water tanks must be installed in accordance with UK water regulations with particular reference being paid to Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS) Water Regulations Guide.

Domestic water storage

For private water supplies the user should obtain advice on the correct type of installation from the relevant authority if the water supply is subject to local regulations or controls.

51

Optional fittings

Balmoral G16.13 kit

Location of G16.13 kit
Horizontal tank Inlet level (Inlet not supplied) b breather

A Balmoral water storage tank G16.13 kit contains the following items: a 3/4” Warning pipe breather Tank fittings for up to 1” inlet a c b d • or Tank fittings for over 1” inlet a c b d • 3/4” warning pipe 1 1/2” screened breather 2 x 2” tank connectors 3/4” warning pipe 1 1/2” screened breather 2” tank connector

2” overflow

a warning pipe c/d overflow level

b 1 1/2” screened breather

Instruction leaflet

c 2” overflow

Vertical tank b breather Inlet level (Inlet not supplied) a warning pipe c/d overflow level

2 x 2” overflows

d 2” tank connector

Instruction leaflet

Water regulations, “The Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999” in England and Wales and “The Water Byelaws 2000, Scotland”, replaced the previous regional Water Byelaws which were seen to be outmoded, restrictive and out of step with the rest of the world in terms of water management and health and safety. Fundamentally, the Water Byelaws 2000, Scotland, mirror the regulations adopted for England and Wales as do those which apply in Northern Ireland.

UK water regulations

To assist in a greater understanding of the regulations, the Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS) published its Water Regulations Guide early in 2001. The following guidance is a summary aimed at providing an initial assessment of the contamination risk and the design measures required to remain regulation compliant.

Guidance summary

At the outset the water suppliers’ consent must be obtained before work starts on any proposed installation. Failure to do so could result in criminal prosecution. The regulations classify water quality into five categories. They range from Fluid Category 1, classed as “wholesome” water (straight from the tap as supplied by the water undertaker) to Fluid Category 5, fluid representing a serious health hazard (grey water recycling cisterns, abattoir supplies, etc). Under the old Byelaws classification, Fluid Category 1 was termed “water for domestic purposes” or “potable water”. With five Fluid Categories the appropriate safeguards to be selected for a given application may seem a bit daunting, however the Information and Guidance Note document (IGN No. 9-04-04) entitled “Cold Water Storage Cisterns – Design Recommendations for Mains Supply Inlets” acts as a quick guide to simplify the choices.

Most cisterns store wholesome water used in part, at least, for domestic purposes irrespective of other downstream system uses. Given those circumstances the cistern must then comply with Clause G16.13 of the Government Guidance as depicted in Figure 1.
Screened air inlet Securely fixed access cover Sleeve for vent pipe Straight or dipped entry to warning pipe

Cisterns greater than 1000 litres actual capacity require both an overflow and a warning pipe/warning device. The minimum recommended warning pipe diameter is 25mm with the overflow sized at twice that of the inlet diameter. (Or the equivalent diameter sized at twice the summation of inlet pipe bore areas for tanks with multiple inlets).

Certain basic design parameters are applicable: a The overflow pipe, inclusive of any insect screen, if fitted, shall be capable of draining the maximum inlet flow without compromising the inlet air gap b For cisterns of less than 1000 litres actual capacity the overflow/warning pipe diameter shall not be less than 19mm and to ensure air gap compliance is recommended to be sized at twice the diameter of the inlet pipe.

Any cold water storage cistern or tank together with its fittings requires to be constructed of materials conforming to regulation requirements. Balmoral tanks are compliant with the WRAS Regulator’s Performance Specifications.

Float valve

Warning pipe and/or overflow screen Insulation against frost and undue warming

52

Figure 1

Fluid Categories 1-4

A simplified yet no less compliant approach to cistern design and application is to consider only the implications required to meet either Fluid Category 4 or 5 requirements.

Any cistern encompassing cistern design features, advised in Figure 1, and incorporating a Type AF Air Gap on its inlet/s will encompass fully the backflow protection requirements necessary for Fluid Categories 1-4 with little or no penalty in lost storage capacity. The general thinking behind this recommended approach is that it’s better to be safe than sorry. It is considered there are greater inherent risks associated with larger and more complex water supply systems when limited information may be available. This design approach, which covers approximately 90% of all cistern installations, provides for greater uniformity of application throughout the water supply industry. Figure 2 sets out the relative positions of a cistern’s inlet device relative to its warning pipe, overflow and normal top water level for a Type AF air gap requirement.

Figures 3-5 illustrate, for various cistern capacities, the recommended plumbing arrangements compliant with providing Type AF Air Gap protection applicable for cisterns installed in domestic and commercial applications.
Air gap 2 x inlet dia 25mm minimum

INLET

Air gap 2 x inlet dia CRITICAL WATER LEVEL Overflow

SHUT OFF LEVEL

Warning pipe/ overflow

25mm minimum

Warning pipe

25mm minimum NORMAL TOP WATER LEVEL

Figure 3: Cistern < 1000 litres
Air gap 2 x inlet dia 25mm minimum

Figure 2
Overflow pipe

SHUT OFF LEVEL

Warning pipe 25mm minimum

Balmoral tanks are compliant with the WRAS Regulator’s Performance Specifications

Figure 4: Cistern 1000-5000 litres
Level at which audible or visible alarm is activated Air gap 2 x inlet dia

Overflow pipe SHUT OFF LEVEL 50mm minimum between invert of overflow pipe and shut off level

Figure 5: Cisterns > 5000 litres Occasions can arise within commercial and industrial premises where the protection provided by a Type AF Air Gap is not adequate to cover the contamination risk of a Fluid Category 5 application. In these circumstances a higher degree of protection must be adopted.

53

Fluid Category 5

For closed top cisterns, Type AB Air Gap protection is required incorporating the use of a Weir Spill Slot in the cistern sidewall to act as the emergency overflow. Figure 6 advises the basic cistern configuration to meet this requirement.

The Regulations advise that a Type AB Air Gap must protect mains water supplies to any cistern installation providing storage for applications defined as a Fluid Category 5.

Air gap 2 x inlet dia

Overflow pipe Weir spill slot unscreened Head over weir Warning pipe 25mm minimum

Figure 6: Similar to old Type A Air Gap The specific design details of a Type AB Air Gap is identified in BSEN 13077: 2003 “Devices to prevent pollution by backflow of potable water – Air gap with non circular overflow (unrestricted) – Family A, type B”. It is acceptable to have the slot opening screened provided the size of the slot is increased in proportion to the obstruction imposed by the installation of the screening material.

Cistern applications, which in part at least require the stored water to supply an industrial process, laboratory, etc, can be accommodated by adopting Type AB Air Gap protection to the mains inlet supply. Additional information on determining the classification of a fluid category is obtained from the WRAS IGN publication number 9-04-04.

Most cistern applications, whether domestic, commercial or industrial, can be accommodated by the adoption of Type AF Air Gap protection to the mains inlet supply.

Summary

54

LP1250

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

V1365

Balmoral water storage tanks
Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

1250 1800 1320 915 BWST-LP1250

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

1365 1300 1300 1320 BWST-V1365

V1800

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

V2600

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

1800 1400 1400 1500 BWST-V1800

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

2600 1580 1580 1665 BWST-V2600

H3500

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

V3635

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

3500 2800 1700 1326 BWST-H3500

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

3635 1800 1800 1778 BWST-V3635 55

Balmoral water storage tanks

V5455

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

V7270

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

5455 2000 2000 2100 BWST-V5455

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

7270 2085 2085 2426 BWST-V7270

V10000

Above ground tank for mains supplied and non-mains supplied potable water storage

UG1370

Underground tank for non-mains supplied or indirect mains supplied water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

10000 2330 2330 2920 BWST-V10000

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

1370 1900 1150 1969 BWST-UG1370-B1

UG2410

Underground tank for non-mains supplied or indirect mains supplied water storage

UG3090

Underground tank for non-mains supplied or indirect mains supplied water storage

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code 56

2410 2350 1350 2171 BWST-UG2410-B2

Capacity (Litres) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Product code

3090 3200 1350 2171 BWST-UG3090-B3

Balmoral Hydrostack
The Balmoral Hydrostack has been specifically designed for the supply of water in emergency situations. These tanks are ideally suited for use in situations such as water shortages due to summer droughts, burst water pipes or Water Authority maintenance periods where supply is temporarily “cut-off”. The tanks are rotationally moulded in black polyethylene material and incorporate the following features: Q Unique stackable design for safe, economical storage Q High level of security and anti-vandalism features Q Integral plinth

Q Elevated hygiene characteristics, including guards to protect taps Q Drainage system capable of draining tank fully after cleaning Q Low maintenance

Q Manufactured from WRAS approved materials Q Forklift slots and lifting eyes for ease of handling

Ø600mm rotomoulded lid

Tank 1895

779

555

Integral plinth

517 Ø1584

Specifications Capacity (Litres) Diameter (mm) Height (mm) Plinth height (mm) Lid (mm) Tank colour Product code Accreditation

1150 1584 1895
779

9 R7

Black BWST-HYSK-BLK WRAS approved

Ø600

(Cert No. 0605132)

1740

2

57

BALMORAL TANKS
www.balmoraltanks.com

Balmoral Tanks
59

Balmoral Tanks Ltd, a division of Balmoral Group Holdings Ltd, is a leading European engineering design and manufacturing company. As a result of significant investment in people and plant, the company produces what is believed to be the most comprehensive range of tank products available from a single source in the EU.

Balmoral Tanks Ltd

Visit balmoraltanks.com for a comprehensive overview of the company and its products. Other Balmoral Tanks products Q Wastewater treatment plant Q Rainwater harvesting systems Q Bulk liquid storage Q Chemical storage Q Potable/non-potable water storage Q Fuel oil storage and dispensing Q Trade moulding Q GRP sectional water storage Q Steel sectional water storage

Civil engineering, wastewater treatment, drainage, fuel oil containment, bulk liquid and potable water storage sectors are all key sectors for the company.

The Balmoral name has become a brand in its own right, synonymous with product development, technical excellence and manufacturing efficiency.

Balmoral Group

Balmoral Group Holdings Ltd is a privately owned business headquartered in Aberdeen, UK, and has been providing solutions to the civil and environmental, building and energy sectors since 1980.

The enterprise has been built upon research, development and technical innovation. It is this commitment to progress that has helped the company achieve its status as a market leader in its chosen fields of operation. The company has, for a number of years, successfully operated manufacturing processes at Balmoral Park which are approved and strictly regulated by the Scottish Environment Protection Agency under Part B of the Environmental Protection Act 1990. Quality Assurance Balmoral Tanks Ltd is certified to BS EN ISO 9001. The company’s QA manuals are available for examination by all clients.

Balmoral Tanks

www.balmoraltanks.com

61

Balmoral Tanks

BALMOR AL TANKS
Balmoral Park, Loirston, Aberdeen AB12 3GY, Scotland Email [email protected] www.balmoraltanks.com Tel +44 (0)1224 859000 Fax +44 (0)1224 859123 HEAD OFFICE AND FACTORIES

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