121808480 School Management System (1)
Content
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
BRIEF ABOUT THE ORGANISATION:
Unity Public School is situated in Ekta Vihar, MDA Colony, Near Prem Wonder Land, Rampur Road, Moradabad. The school is recognized by U.P. Govt. It is running since last three years from class Nursery to VIII under administrative control of Smt. Khurshid Jafri.
At present the school management and its all procedures are totally manual based. It creates a lot of problems due to wrong entries or mistakes in totaling etc. This system avoided such mistakes through proper checks and validation control methods in checking of student record, fee deposit particulars, teachers schedule, examination report, issue of transfer certificates etc. I met personally to the principal and manager and discuss about the computerization of manual school management system. This system registers a student and confirms its admission in school. When a student registers in school a S.R. No (unique ID) is allotted to student. Student record is based on his/ her S.R. No.
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OBJECTIVE:
The objective of developing such a computerization system is to reduce the paper work and safe of time in school management. There by increasing the efficiency and decreasing the work load.
The project provides us the information about student record, school faculty, school timetable, school fee, school examination result and library
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
management. The system must provide the flexibility of generating the required documents on screen as well as on printer as and when required.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
The school management process can be described using different modules. Each of the module performs a different function.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Student School Record Fee (a) Student Record:
Faculty Profile
Time Examination Library Table Result Management
We can easily find out the details of student alongwith his photograph by entering his/her S.R. No. (b) School Fee:
We can find out the fee structure of every class and the fee for student whether the student has paid fee or not. If he/ she has not paid school fee within prescribed period, he / she should have to pay penalty.
(c) Faculty Profile:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
We can easily find out the description about the teacher posted in school .
(d) Time Table: We can search out the name of teacher and subject in particular class at a particular time . (e) Examination Result: We can check the performance of students during the particular year . On passing the particular class , student record and student TC is updated . (f) Library Management: Library management process updates the library database. It gives information about a particular book when issued to the student and when it is taken back.
SCOPE:
The scope of the school management system facilitate us in the following jobs : Maintaining Student Records Automatic Preparation of Marksheet Automatic updation in student TC Library Managenent
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT CATEGORY:
The Project is functioning under the RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) category of the software which
handles the database of all the students and staff. It uses object
oriented programming technology to develop the system .
ANALYSIS :
Necessary DFDs and ER Diagram are attached herewith. (i) DFDs:
During analysis phase of SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle), the system analyst or other members of the project team draw many diagrams to show how data move within an organization. These diagrams, popularly called as DFD (Data Flow Diagram), quickly convey to both the software developers and users how the current system is working and how the proposed system will work. The main advantage of DFD is that they are easily understood by the users and hence users can suggest modifications in the proposed system.
In Data Flow Diagram (DFD) we have used four types of symbols as described below: -
DFD Symbol:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Stands For
Symbols
Source or Destination of Data
Rectangle
Square
Flow of Data
Process which transforms
Circle Oval
Rounded Rectangle
Store of Data We consider three levels of DFDs Level 0 DFD Level 1 DFD Level 2 DFD
DFD Level 0
CFD (Context Flow Diagram) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
or CAD (Context Analysis Diagram)
Student or Applicant
it Admi ssion Form Valid/ Invali d
Fee Depos it
Book Reque st Issue/ Retur n or
School Managemen t System
Reports
ADMINISTRATOR
DFD level 0 (Context Level)
DFD Level 1
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
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SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
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SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
DFD LEVEL 2
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E-R Diagram:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
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COMPLETE STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAM:
No. of Modules used and their functions :
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The school management system of Unity Public School is divided into six parts: (a) Student Record (b) School Fee (i) (ii) (c) Faculty Profile (d) School Time Table (e) Examination Result (f) Library Management Fee Structure Student Fee
(a) Student Record:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Student_Name Student_Father‟s_Name Student_Mother‟s_Name Father‟s_Occupation Mother‟s_Occupation Student_S.R._Number (Primary) Student_DOB Student_Sex Student_Caste Student_Photo Data Type Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Numeric Text Text Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Size 16 16 16 16 16 05 08 02 08 20 30 10 08 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null
0. 1 Student_Address 1. 1 Student_Phone_No. 2. 1 Date_of_Admission
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1
Student_Class_No. (Ref. Key)
Numeric Varchar
02 07
Not Null Not Null
4. 1 Student_Status 5.
(b -i) Fee Structure:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Field Class_No. Tution_Fee Annual_Fee_Amount Exam_Fee_Amount Conveyance_Fee_Amount Total_Fee_Amount Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 02 03 03 03 03 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Not Null
(b –ii) Student Fee:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Student_S.R. No.(F.K.) AnnualFee_Dep_Date Fee_Amount_Paid Balance_Fee TutionFee_DepDate TutionFee_AmountPaid TutionFee_Balance ExamFee_DepositeDate ExamFee_AmountPaid ExamFee_Balance Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 05 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
0. 1 ConveyanceFee_DepDate 1. 1 ConveyanceFee_AmtPaid 2. 1 ConveyanceFee_Balance
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1
Total_Amount_Paid
Numeric Numeric
04 04
Not Null Not Null
4. 1 Total_Amount_Balance 5.
(c) Faculty Profile:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
Teacher‟s_Name Teacher‟s_Qualification Teacher‟s_DOB Teacher‟s_Sex Teacher‟s_Photo Teacher‟s_Address Teacher‟s_Phone No.
Varchar Varchar Numeric Varchar Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar
20 20 08 02 40 30 10 08 04 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null
. 8. Teacher‟s_Date of Joining 9. Teacher‟s_Salary 1 Teacher‟s_Subject1 0. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject2 1. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject3 2. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject4 3. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject5 4. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject6 5. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject7 6.
(d) School Time Table :
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
S. No.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Subject_Name Subject_Code
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
Total No._of_Periods
Time_ slots
Class_No._Section
Varchar Varchar Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar
12 06 02 04 04 12
Not Null Null Null Null Null Null
Teacher‟s _Name
(e) Examination Result:
S. No.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
1. Student_S.R.No. (Reference Key) 2. Student_ClassNo. 3. Student_Name 4. Stud_Father‟s_Name 5. Result_Status 6. Result_Year 7. TC_Status
Varchar Varchar Char Char Char Numeric Boollean
04 05 15 15 4 4 1
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
(f) Library Management:
S. No.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
1. Book_Id 2. Book_Title 3. Book_Author 4. Publication 5. Book_Issue 6. Book_Return 7. Book_subject 8. Book_Cost 9. Book_Status
Vanchar Char Char Char Numeric Numeric Vanchar Numeric Char
05 15 15 15 08 08 15 04 10
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Not Null Null Null
TOOLS:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FRONT END / GUI TOOLs : Visual Basic 6.0 Visual Basic 6.0 :
We have selected Visual Basic 6.0 as our Front end . Visual Basic is programming language . It is the most powerful object oriented based language on 32 bit operating system . We find VB6 quite useful developing 32 bit GUI based application . In Visual
programming , mouse is used extensively , coding in VB is same as writing programming statements for other languages . We selected VB
because of its simplicity of creating of reusable code libraries . VB lets us mark objects in a code component as global so that their methods can be invoked without explicitly creating an instance of the global objects. By adding support for class modules the creation of Active X (Com), DLL , EXEs , VB provides infrastructure of using an object oriented technique , which being used in this project .
RDBMS / BACK END: SQL Server 2000:
SQL Server
We have selected SQL - Server 2000, i.e. an RDBMS package for back end tool for managing the database as this allows users to manage the database very efficiently and controls data redundancy and inconsistency . It allows enforcing various data integrity constraints on the data being entered into the tables. Database can be accessed using GUI provided by the system . It is very easy to maintain . It is also cheaper than other package .
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SQL server is an RDBMS package as backend tool for managing database as this allows users to manage the data base very efficiently and controls data redundancy and inconsistency . It allows
enforcing various data integrity constraints on the data being entered into the tables . Data-base can be accesses using many front tools and it can be installed on a simply configured system.
OPERATING Environment
SYSTEM :
WINDOWS
(NT , 2000 , XP) Hardware Requirement (Minimum):
Any Pentium Processor. 128 MB RAM with 2.00 GB Hard Disk Free Space 1.44 MB Floppy Disk Drive
Monitor Mouse
CD-ROM Drive Printer
SECURITY MECHANISMS:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Security is provided at administrative and user level by introducing the concept of passwords for authentification purpose. Password is categorized as : Administrator User Complete
Student Record Display
Faculty Display Time Table read only Results Read only
FUTURE SCOPE, FURTHER ENHANCEMENT AND LIMITATIONS:
This project will be useful for any schools and colleges with slightly modification. It may be used for English Medium School as well as Hindi Medium Schools. Project is flexible i.e. any change / modification in data base may be perform easily. Also this project could be made web enabled.
This project may be upgraded with some more modules such as sports module, prize module, student attendance module, employee salary module, annually receipt and expenditure reports generation etc. This project can also be made for multi-user environment.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROCESS LOGIC
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The process logic for our project is depending on program structure.
School Management System
Student Database
Faculty Database
School Fee Structure
Faculty Time Table
Library System
Student Fee Record
Student Transfer Certificate Student Result
Class & Subject Database
Student Result
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Each sub modules of school management system requires sub-sub modules or different functions, such student database has new student entry, edit student record, delete student record. Faculty database also has add, delete and modification functions. Once we have entered school fee structure, we have maintained student fee record effectively. Student Result is also has various options, such as individual result, class result, fail and pass student record in each subject as well as in class. Also transfer certificate will be made computerized. Another important module Library management has also various sub-sub modules, such as new book entry, search book, issue and return book, fine charges etc.
This project carried out for a full computerized school management system. Most of the school function was computerized. This project will be useful for all schools and colleges with some modification. The modification is customized so it is not necessary to change complete project. Project is customised i.e. any change / modification in data base may be perform easily. Also we are trying to make this project web enabled.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT REPORT ON SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CONTENTS
S. NO. PARTICULARS
1.
Approval of Synopsis SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11.
Certificate of Originality Acknowledgement Introduction Objective System Analysis Identification of Need Preliminary Investigation Feasibility Study Software Engineering Paradigm Applied
Software & Hardware Requirement Specification
12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.
System Design Code Efficiency Optimization of Code Validation Checks Maintenance System Testing System Security Measures Cost Estimation of Project PERT Chart Gantt Chart Database Forms SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
24. 25.
Coding Bibliography
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the project entitled “School Managrment System”
submitted to Indira Gandhi National Open University is partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of MASTER IN COMPUTER SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
APPLICATIONS (MCA), is an original work carried out by Mr. Qadir Ahmad Jafri Enrolment No. 042944248 under my guidance.
The matter embodied in this project is a genuine work done by the student and has not been submitted whether to this University or to any other University/Institute for the fulfillment of the requirement of any course of study.
Signature of Student: (Qadir Ahmad Jafri) Enrol no. 042944248 Moradabad
Signature of the Guide:
(Rahul Kumar Mishra) Lecturer, I.F.T.M.
Moradabad
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to thank Mr. Rahul Kumar Mishra (my
honorable guide), Lecturer, Department of Computer Applications, IFTM, Moradabad,
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
for his prodigious, persuasions, painstaking, and attitude, reformative and prudential suggestions throughout my project. I am also greatly thankful to Mr. Avdhesh Gupta, lecturer for installing in me a sense of self confidence and helping me as when I needed him. Also my thanks to IGNOU study centre In charge, Dr. V.K. Vatsa, who gave me the idea for this project. I would also thank to Mr. Jitendra Kumar Jindal, Mr. Deepak Kumar Sharma, lecturers in IFTM and Mr. Ashwani Kumar, Mr. Sunil Arora, lecturers in study centre IGNOU, for helping me in this project. They helped me in developing such kind of LIVE Software.
Q. A. Jafri MCA VI SEM. 042944248
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Unity Public School is situated in Ekta Vihar, MDA Colony, Near Prem Wonder Land, Rampur Road, Moradabad. The school is recognized by U.P. Govt. It is running since last three years from class Nursery to VIII under administrative control of Smt. Khurshid Jafri.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
th
At present the school management and its all procedures are totally manual based. It creates a lot of problems due to wrong entries or mistakes in totaling etc. This system avoided such mistakes through proper checks and validation control methods in checking of student record, fee deposit particulars, teachers schedule, examination report, issue of transfer certificates etc. I met personally to the principal and manager and discuss about the computerization of manual school management system. This system registers a student and confirms its admission in school. When a student registers in school a S.R. No (unique ID) is allotted to student. Student record is based on his/ her S.R. No.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
The objective of developing such a computerization system is to reduce the paper work and safe of time in school management. There by increasing the efficiency and decreasing the work load.
The project provides us the information about student record, school faculty, school timetable, school fee, school examination result and library management. The system must provide the flexibility of generating the required documents on screen as well as on printer as and when required.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
The school management process can be described using different modules. Each of the module performs a different function.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Student School Record Fee (a) Student Record:
Faculty Profile
Time Examination Library Table Result Management
We can easily find out the details of student alongwith his photograph by entering his/her S.R. No.
(b) School Fee:
We can find out the fee structure of every class and the fee for student whether the student has paid fee or not. If he/ she has not paid school fee within prescribed period, he / she should have to pay penalty.
(c) Faculty Profile: We can easily find out the description about the teacher posted in school .
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(d) Time Table:
We can search out the name of teacher and subject in particular
class at a particular time . (e) Examination Result: We can check the performance of students during the particular year . On passing the particular class , student record and student TC is updated . (f) Library Management: Library management process updates the library database. It gives information about a particular book when issued to the student and when it is taken back.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
System Analysis refers to the process of examining a situation with the intent of improving it through better procedures and methods. System design is the process of planning a new system to either replace or complement an existing system. But before any planning is done, the old system must be thoroughly understood and the requirements determined. System Analysis is therefore, the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosis problems and using the information to re-comment improvements in the system. Or in other words, System Analysis means a detailed explanation or description. Before computerizing a system under consideration, it has to be analyzed. We need to study how it functions currently, what are the problems, and what are the requirements that the proposed system should meet.
The main components of making software are: Ensuring, verifying and maintaining software integrity Design and implementation of software System and software requirements analysis
System analysis is an activity that encompasses most of the tasks that are collectively called Computer System Engineering. Confusion sometimes occurs because the term is often used in context that all dues it only to software requirement analysis activities, but system analysis focuses on all the system elements- not just software.
System analysis is conducted with the following objectives in mind:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Identify the customer‟s need Evaluate the system concept for feasibility Perform economic and technical analysis Allocate functions to hardware, software, people, database and
other system elements Establish cost and schedule constraints Create a system definition that forms the foundation for all the subsequent engineering work. System Analysis is consisting of two main works i.e. Identify the need and Preliminary Investigation.
PHASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
A development process consists of various phases, each phase ending with a defined output. The phases are performed in an order specified by the process model being followed. The main reason for having a phased process is that it breaks the problem of developing software into successfully performing a set of phases, each handling a different concern of software development. It allows proper checking for quality and progress for given software during development (end of phases). One phase would have to wait until the end what software has been produced. This will not work for large system. Hence for managing the complexity, project tracking, and quality, all the development process consists of set of phases. Various process models have been proposed for developing software. Each organization that follows a process has its own
version. The different process can have different activities. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
In general, we can say that any problem solving in software must consist of these
activities:
Requirement specification for understanding and clearly stating the problem.
Design for deciding a plan for a solution.
Coding for implementing the planned
solution Testing for verifying the programs
For small problem these activities may not be clearly defined, and no written record of the activities may be kept. But for the complex and large system where the problem solving activity may last couple of years and where many persons are involved in development, and each of these four problem solving activities has to be done formally. Each of these activities is a major task for large software projects.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
IDENTIFICATION
OF NEED
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEED
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
Refines project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application. Analyzes end-user information needs. Analysis is a detail study of the various operations performed by a system and their relationships within and outside the system. The problem could be automating an existing manual process, developing a new automated system, or a combination of the two. A key question is: what is needed for the system, not how the system will achieve its goal. During analysis, data are collected on the available files, decision points, and transactions handled by the present system. For large systems that have many features, and that need to perform many different tasks, understanding the requirements of the system is a major task. Data flow diagrams, interviews, on-site observations, and questionnaires are the examples of requirement analysis. Training, experience, and common sense are required for collection of the information needed to do the analyst.
Once the analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding of what is to done. This task is complicated by the fact that there are often at least two parties involved in software development-a client and a developer. The developer usually does not understand the client‟s problem domain, and the client often does not understand the issues in the software systems. This causes a communication gap between client and developer. The goal of the requirement specification phase is to produce the software
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
requirements specification document (also called the requirement document). The person responsible for the requirement analysis is often called the analyst.
There are two major activities in this phase: Problem understanding or analysis and requirement specification. In problem analysis, the analyst has top understand the problem and its context. Analysis requires a thorough understanding of the system, parts of which have to be automated. The goal of this activity is to understand the requirement of the new system that is to be developed. The client may not really know the need s of the system. The analyst has to make the client aware of the new possibilities, helping both client and the analyst the requirements for the new system.
Once the problem is analyzed and the essentials understood, the requirement is specified in the requirement document. For requirement specification in the form of document, some specification language has to be selected (e.g. English, regulates expressions, tables, or combination of these). A preliminary user manual that describes all the major uses interfaces frequently form a part of the requirement document.
The first step of system analysis process involves the identification of need. The analyst (system engineer) meets with the customer & the end user (if different from customer). Identification of need is the starting point in the evolution of a computer based system. The analyst assists the customer on defining the goals of the system:
What information will be produced? What information is to be provided? What functions and performance are required?
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The analyst makes sure to distinguish between customer “needs” and customer “wants”. That is what the main aim behind the system is. Defining aim is very vital in system work. If we do not know where we want to go, we will not know when we have reached their. Once we know our aim, we can try to achieve it in the best possible way. The user department has to define these objectives in terms of their needs. These become the outputs which the system analyst keeps in to mind.
Once we know the output, we can easily determine what the input should be. The essential elements of inputs are timeliness, accuracy, proper format and economy.
Information gathered during the need identification step is specified in a System Concept Document. The customer before meetings sometimes prepares the original concept document with the analyst. Invariably, customeranalyst communication results in the modifications to the documents.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Limitations or failure of existing systems, or the awareness of technological advances relating to the particular are involved in particular systems which competitors are developing.
Information systems projects‟ originate from many reasons: to achieve greater speed in processing data, better accuracy and improved consistency, faster information retrieval, integration of business areas, reduced cost and better security. The sources also vary project proposals originate with department managers, senior executives and systems analysis. Sometimes the real origin is an outside source, such as a government agency, which stipulates systems requirements the organization must meet. When the request is made, the first systems activity, the preliminary investigation, begins. The activity has three parts: request clarification, feasibility study and request approval.
Request Clarification
Many requests from employees and users in organizations are not clearly stated. Therefore, before any systems investigation can be considered, the project request must be examined to determine precisely what the originator wants. A simple telephone call may suffice if the requester has a clear idea but does not know how to state it. On the other hand, the requester may merely be asking for help without knowing what is wrong or why there is a problem. Problem clarification in this case is much more difficult. In either case, before any further steps can be taken, the project requests must be clearly states. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
This phase (initial study) involves estimating whether or not a development project is worthwhile. Problems with the current automated or manual system are identified, as well as the benefits and costs of an alternative system. If the benefits seem to outweigh the costs (especially when compared with competing projects), a green signal may be given to continue the project, and detailed plans and schedules are drafted for making the system a reality. The proposed solution to the user‟s problem may involve something between dramatic change (completely new system) and slight change to the present system. If the present system is manual and a computer system is proposed, the development project will probably be very large. At the other extreme are small development project that represent slight changes to existing systems, such as sorting information in a different way or inserting subtotals or adding new columns to a report. The objectives of this phase are: 1 To determine the feasibility of computerization of a particular system or area of operation. 2. To define clearly the objectives, scope and limitations of the project.
3. To establish a good working relationship between the user department and the data processing (DP) department. 4. To acquaint user management with the approach and method of work in systems development.
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5. To estimate the resources required for system development, live running and
maintenance.
6.
To identify the likely benefits, which should accrue from the introduction
of the system.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
The data collection that occurs during preliminary investigations examines system feasibility, the likelihood that the system will be beneficial to the organization. Four tests of feasibility are studies: technical, economical and operational. All are equally important.
1. Technical Feasibility:
It involves determining whether or not
a system can actually be constructed to solve the problem at hand. Some users expect too much of computers, assuming that computers can accurately predict the future, immediately reflect all information in an organization, easily understand speech, or figure out how to handle difficult problems. Such systems, even if they exist, are not yet available for widespread use.
The technical issues raised during the feasibility stage of the investigation are:
1. Does the necessary technology exist (can it be acquired) to do what is suggested? 2. Does the proposed equipment have the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the new system? 3. Will the proposed system and components provide adequate responses to inquires, regardless of the number or location of users? 4. Can the system be expanded, if developed?
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5. Are there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security?
For example, if the proposal includes a printer that prints at the rate of 2,000 lines per minute, a brief search shows that this is technically feasible. Whether it should be included in the configuration because of its cost is an economic decision. On the other hand, if a user is requesting audio input to write, read, and change stored data, the proposal may not be technically feasible.
2. Economical Feasibility:
It involves estimating benefits and
costs. These benefits and costs may be tangible or intangible. Because of confusion between the types of costs, it is sometimes very difficult to decide if the benefits outweigh the costs.
Tangible benefits may include decreasing salary costs (by automating manual procedures), preventing costly but frequent errors, sending bills earlier in the month, and increasing control over inventory levels. Such benefits may be directly estimated in rupees without much trouble. Intangible benefits may include increasing quality of goods produced, upgrading or creating new customer services, reducing repetitive or monotonous work for employees, and developing a better understanding of the market. Such benefits may be much more important than tangible benefits, but they may be ignored because estimating their rupee values involves pure guesswork.
Tangible costs are easily estimated. They include the one-time cost of developing the system and the continuous costs of operating the system. Examples of development costs are the salaries of programmers and` analysts, the prices of the
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computer equipment, and the expenses connected with user training. Operating costs include the salaries of computer operators and the costs of computer time and computer supplies. Intangible costs are usually not discussed because they are rarely large. Examples of such costs include those associated with early user dissatisfaction and with the problems of converting to the new system. A system that can be developed technically and will be used if installed must still be a good investment. That is, financial benefits must equal or exceed the financial costs. The economic and financial questions raised by analysts during the preliminary investigation seek estimates of: 1. The cost to conduct a full systems investigation.
2. The cost of hardware and software for the class of application being considered. 3. The benefits in the form of reduced costs or fewer costly errors.
4. The cost if nothing changes (the system is not developed).
Cost and benefit estimates on each project provide a basis for determining which projects are most worthy of consideration. Each estimate can be analyzed to determine how rapidly costs are recovered by benefits, to calculate both the absolute and interest-adjusted amounts of excess benefits, and to establish the ratio of benefits to costs. All of these factors are considered when developing an overall sense of the project's economic feasibility.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
To be judged feasible, a project proposal must pass all these tests. Otherwise, it is not a feasible project. For example, a personnel record system that is financially feasible and operational attractive, is not feasible if the necessary technology does not exist. Or a medical system which can be developed at reasonable cost but which nurses will avoid using cannot be judged operationally feasible.
3. Operational Feasibility:
Proposed projects are of course beneficial
only if they can be turned into information systems that will meet the organization's operation requirements. Simply stated, this test of feasibility asks if the system will work when developed and installed. Are there major barriers to implementation? Here are questions that will help test the operational feasibility of a project:
1. Is there sufficient support for the project from the management and from users? If the current system is well liked and used to the extent that persons will not see reasons for a change, there may be resistance.
2. Are current business methods acceptable to the user? If they are not, user may welcome a change that will bring about a more operational and useful system.
3. Have the users been involved in the planning and development of the project? Early involvement reduces the chances of resistance to the system and change in general, and increases the likelihood of successful projects.
4. Will the proposed system cause harm? The following questions are related to
this issue:
Will the system produce result in any respect or area? SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Will loss of control result in any area?
Will accessibility of information be lost?
Will individual performance be poorer after implementation than before?
Will customers be affected in an undesirable way?
Will it slow performance in any areas?
Operational feasibility is a measure of how people are able to work with the system. For example, a system may require managers to write BASIC, COBOL, or FORTRAN programs to access data. However, managers probably receive the greatest help from a system when they can concentrate on the problems to solve rather than on how programs should be constructed to solve them.
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM APPLIED
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SOFTWARE AND
HARDWARE
REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FRONT END / GUI TOOLs : Visual RDBMS / BACK END: SQL
Basic 6.0 :
Server 2000: SYSTEM : WINDOWS
OPERATING Environment
(NT , 2000 , XP) Hardware Requirement (Minimum):
Any Pentium Processor. 128 MB RAM with 2.00 GB Hard Disk Free Space 1.44 MB Floppy Disk Drive
Monitor Mouse
CD-ROM Drive Printer
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM DESIGN
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM DESIGN
It describes desired features and operations in detail, including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudocode and other documentation. The most creative and challenges phase of the software development life cycle is software design. The term design describes final software and the process by which it is developed. The purpose of the design phase is to plan a solution of the problem specified by the requirements document. It also includes the construction of programs and program testing. Design takes us toward how to satisfy the needs. The design of a system is perhaps the most critical factor affecting the quality of the software; it has a major impact on the later phase, particularly testing and maintenance. The output of this phase is the design document.
The first step is to determine how the output is to be produced and in what format. Samples of the output and input are to present Second, input data and master files (database) have to be designed to meet the requirement of the purposed output. The operational (processing) phases are handled through program construction and testing, including a list of the programs needed to meet the software objectives and complete documentation. The design activity is often dived into two phases-system design and detailed design. System design, which is sometimes also called top-level design, all the major data structures, file formats, output formats, and the major modules in the system and their specification are decided.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
During detailed design, the internal logic of each of the modules specified in system design is decided. During this phase further details of the data structure and algorithmic design of each of the modules is specified.
In system design focus is on identifying the modules, whereas during detailed design focus is on designing the logic for each of the modules. In other words, in system design the attention is on what components are needed, while in detailed design how the component can be implemented in software is the issue.
The design of an information system produces the details that state how a system will meet the requirements identified during systems analysis. Often systems specialists refer to this stage as logical design, in contrast to developing program software, which is referred to as physical design.
As soon as the user accepts the system proposal, work can start on preparing the system specification. This phase takes the requirements as agreed and the work, which has led up to producing the proposal and develops the system to the level of details necessary to prepare the way for programming. At this point the analysts is concerned with the detail of input and output, the processing required, and the way in which the system will operate on a day-to-day basis. Depending on the level of complexity of the system and the amount and quality of work done at the earlier stages, this phase can take many months of hard work. It is concerned with the computer-oriented design of the system--the detail of the input transactions, the details of the printed reports, screens and other outputs, the file or database structure, the contents of records, the processing required and the efficiency of the system from a computer processing point of view.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Systems analysts start by identifying reports and other outputs the system will produce. Then the specific data on each is pinpointed, including its exact location on the paper, display screen, or other medium. Usually designers sketch the form or display as they expect it to appear when the system is completed.
The system design also describes the data to be input, calculated or stored. Individual data items and calculation procedures are written in detail. Designers select file structures and storage devices, such as magnetic disk, magnetic tape, or even paper files. The procedures they write tell how to process the data and produce the output.
The documents containing the design specifications use different ways to portray the design-- charts, tables, and special symbols--some of which you may have used and others that may be totally new to you. The detailed design information is passed onto the programming staff so that software development can begin.
Designers are responsible for providing programmer with complete and clearly outlines specifications that state what the software should do. As programming starts, designers are available to answer questions, clarify fuzzy areas, and handle problems that can front the programmers when using the design specifications.
A typical system specification will contain:
1. An introduction converting the relevance of the document and how it has evolved from the previous phases.
2. A description of the system. This is usually an outline in a narrative from with accompanying flow charts, procedure charts, and data flow diagrams or data models.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
3. Detailed description of inputs, outputs and files, for example document layouts (input), screen layouts, report layouts, file/record layouts, and database schemes.
4. A description of the control, which operate within the system. This includes control over input and processing, restriction on access (e.g., passwords and control over input and processing, restrictions on access (e.g., passwords and control on output (e.g. numbering of checks) 5. Processing required. This may in fact be handled by specifying generally what watch program in the system is expected to do and by backing this up with individual program specifications issued separately. Arrangements for testing may also be described in this section. 6. Implementation consideration -- arrangements for converting existing files checking parallel runs, production of user procedures and production of computer -related procedures. 7. A detailed development and implementation time-table. This section should list all of the tasks to be done, including individual programs, showing the interrelationship between each task and the planned start and completion date for each task.
8. A back -up plan. This should describe be procedures to be developed for taking security dumps of files, for ensuring system resilience (e.g., duplexing) and for running the system at an alternative site in the event of the computer not being available.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
It is at this stage that the first reliable estimate of the amount of computer programming effort required can be produced. Up to this point the estimates are to a large extent informed guesses and what comes out at the end of this exercise may be quite frightening compared with the previously available estimates. This is a valid reason for ensuring that senior management continues to have an approval role at the conclusion of this stage.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODE EFFICIENCY
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODE EFFICIENCY
The degree to which the software makes optimal use of system resources as indicated by the following sub attributes: time behavior, resource behavior. The efficiency is the amount of computing resources and code required by a program to perform its functions.
A design should clearly be very verifiable, complete (implements all the specification), and traceable (all design elements can be traced to some requirements). However, the two most important properties that concerned designers are efficiency and simplicity. Efficiency of any system is concerned with the proper use of scarce resources by the system. The need for efficiency arises due to cost considerations. If some resources are scarce and expansive, it is desirable that those resources be used efficiently. In computer systems, the resources that are most often considered for efficiency are processors time and memory. An efficient system is one that consumes less processors time and require less memory. In earlier days, the efficient use of CPU and memory was important due to the high cost of hardware. Now that the hardware cost are small compared to the software costs, for many software systems traditional efficiency concerns now take a back seat compared to other consideration. One of the exceptions is real-time system, where there are strict execution time constraints. For example, often the “tricks” used to increase the efficiency of a s ystem result in making the system more complex. Therefore, design decisions frequently involve trade-offs. It is the designers‟ job to recognized the trade–offs and achieve the best balance. For our purposes, simplicity is the primary property of interest, and therefore the objective of
the design process is to produce designs that are simple to understand. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIMIZATION
OF CODE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIMI ZATION OF CODE
The Term “ Code Optimization” refers to techniques a compiler can employ in an attempt to produce a better object language program than the most obvious for a given source program. The primary questions are how beneficial a given optimization is and how much its costs to implement. In some situations it is unnecessary to consider any optimization; a quick and straightforward translation of the source program is sufficient. Typical of this situation is a “student job” which will be run a few times and than discarded. Exactly the opposite is true of a program, which is to be run an indefinitely large number of times. Virtually any amount of time spent improving the running time of the program will be paid back by even a small percentage speedup each time the program is run.
In most cases, however, a program will not run indefinitely without being change and recompile. It is economic therefore to have available an “optimizing” compiler which make well judged attempts to improve the code it produces. It is important that the optimizing compiler attempt transformations that are likely to improve the code with out costing too much time at compilation. The equation to bear in mind is that the running time we expect to save over the expected numbers of run of the optimized object program must exceed the time spent by the compiler doing the optimization. The trend is to make available for each programming language several compilers, or options within one compiler, that spend varying amounts of time
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improving the code they generate and produce code of increasing quality. In this way the user can decide how much time he wishes to spend optimizing his program.
Code optimization techniques are generally applied after syntax analysis, usually both before and during code generation.
Code optimization depends on the type of application what is writing. In most cases, you will be optimizing small, tight sections of code that are executed frequently (such as loops or frequently called procedures). Code optimization requires a combination of experience, and eye for detail, and a basic understanding of the architecture of the language and how processors work.
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VALIDATION
CHECKS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
VALIDATION CHECKS
Verification and validation (V & V) is the generic name given to the checking processes which ensure that software conforms to its specification and meets the need of the software customer. The system should be verified and validated at each stage of the software process using documents produced during the previous stage. Verification and validation i.e. starts with requirements reviews and continues through design and code reviews to product testing.
Verification involves checking that the program conforms to its specification. Validation involves checking that the program implemented meets the expectations of the software customer. Requirements validation techniques, such as prototyping, help in this respect. However, flaws and deficiency in the requirements can sometimes only be discovered when the system implementation is complete.
To satisfy the objectives of the V & V process, both static and dynamic techniques of system checking and analysis should be used. Static techniques are concerned with the analysis and checking of system representations such as the requirements document. Design diagram and the program source code. They may be applied at all stages of the process through structured reviews. Dynamic techniques or test involve exercising and implementation. Static techniques include program inspections, analysis and formal verification. Some purists have suggested that these techniques should completely replace dynamic techniques in the verification and validation process and that testing is unnecessary. This is nonsense. Static techniques
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can only check the correspondence between a program and its specification; they cannot demonstrate that the software is operationally useful.
Although static verification techniques are becoming more widely used, program testing is still the predominant verification and validation technique. Testing involves exercising the program using data like the real data processed by the program. The existence of program defects or inadequacies is inferred from unexpected system output. Testing may be carried out during the implementation phase to verify that the software behaves as intended by its designer and after the implementation is complete. This later testing phase checks conformance with requirements and assesses the reliability of the system.
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IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE
What happens during the rest of the software's life: changes, correction, additions, moves to a different computing platform and more. This, the least glamorous and perhaps most important step of all, goes on seemingly forever. After installation phase is completed and the user staff is adjusted to the changes created by the candidate system, evaluation and maintenance begin. The importance of maintenance is to continue to bring the new system to standards. Software maintenance is a task that every development group has to face when the software is delivered to the customer‟s site, installed and is operational. The time spent and effort required keeping software operational after release is very significant and consumes about 40-70% of the cost of the entire life cycle.
The term Maintenance is a little strange when applied to software. In common speech, it means fixing things that break or wear out. In software nothing wears out; it is either wring from beginning, or we decode later that we want to do something different. It is a very broad activity that includes error corrections, enhancements of capabilities, deletion of obsolete capabilities, and optimization.
There are three major categories of software maintenance:
Corrective Maintenance: This refers to modifications initiated by defects in the software. It means repairing processing or performances failures or making changes because of the previously uncorrected problems. A defect can result from design errors, logic errors and coding errors. Design errors occur when, changes made to the software
are incorrect, incomplete, wrongly communicated or the change request is SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
misunderstand. Logic errors result from invalid tests and conclusions, incorrect implementation of design specification, faulty logic flow or incomplete test data. Coding errors are caused by data processing errors and system performances errors.
Adaptive Maintenance: It includes modifying the software to match changes in the ever-changing environment. The term environment in this context refers to the totally of all conditions and influences which act from outside upon the software, for example, business rules, government policies, work patterns, software and hardware operating platforms. This type of maintenance includes any work initiated as a consequence of moving the software to a different hardware or software platform-compiler, operating system or new processor. It means changing the program function.
Perfective
Maintenance:
It
means
improving
processing
efficiency
or
performance, or restructuring the software to improve changeability. When the software becomes useful, the user trend to experiment with the new cases beyond the scope for which it was initially developed. It means enhancing the performance or modifying the programs to respond to user‟s additional or changing needs.
In comparison with all the three maintenance, perfective takes more time and spent more money. Maintenance covers a wide range of activities, including correcting coding and design errors, updating documentation and test data and upgrading user support. Maintenance means restoring something to its original condition unlike hardware, however, software does not wear out, it is corrected. A major problem with software maintenance is its labor-intensive nature. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM TESTING
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM TESTING
It brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment, then checks for errors, bugs and interoperability. Software testing is the process of testing the software product. Effective software testing will contribute to the delivery of higher quality software products, more satisfied users, lower maintenance costs, more accurate, and reliable results. However, ineffective testing will lead to the opposite results; low quality products, unhappy users, increased maintenance costs, unreliable and inaccurate results. Testing is the major quality control measure used during software development. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. It is a very expensive process and consumes one-third to one-half of the cost of a typical development project. It is the process of executing program (or a part of a program) with the intention of finding the errors, however, testing cannot show the absence of errors it can show that errors are present.
“Errors are present within the software under test”. This cannot be the aim of software designers they must have designed the software with the aim of producing it with zero errors. Software testing is becoming increasingly important in the earlier part of the software development life cycle, aiming to discover errors before they are deeply embedded within systems. In the software development life cycle the earlier the errors are discovered and removed, the lower is the cost of their removal. The most damaging errors are those, which are not discovered during the testing process and therefore remain when the system „goes live‟.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The testing requires the developers to find errors from their software. It is very difficult for software developer to point out errors from own creations. A good test is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error. A successful test case unearths an undiscovered error. This implies that testing not only has to uncover errors introduced during coding, but also errors introduced during the previous phases. The goal of testing is to uncover requirement, design, and coding errors in the programs. Different levels of testing are used:
Unit testing: A module is tested separately and is often performed by the coder himself simultaneously along with the coding of the module. The purpose is to exercise the different parts of the modules code to detect coding errors.
Integration Testing: The modules are gradually integrated into subsystems, which are then integrated to eventually from the entire system. Integration testing is performed to detect design errors by focusing on testing the interconnection between modules.
System Testing: After the system is put together, it is performed. The system is tested against the system requirement to see if the entire requirement are met and if the system performs as specified by the requirement. Acceptance Testing: The final stage of initial development, where the software is put into production and runs actual business. It is performed to demonstrate to the client, on the real life data of the client, the operation of the system.
Testing is an extremely critical and time-consuming activity. It requires proper planning of the overall testing process. The test plan specifies conditions that should be tested, different units to be tested, and the manner in which the modules will be
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
integrated together. The final output of the testing phase is the test report and the error report, or a set of such reports (one for each unit tested). The importance of software testing and its implications with respect to S/W Quality cannot be overemphasized. Because of this importance & the large amount of project effort associated with the system development, it becomes quite necessary to become well planned and through testing. Inadequate testing & no-adequate testing lead's to errors that may be costly when they appear months later. Effective testing translates into cost savings from reduced errors & saves a lot of project efforts. It follows major factors that decide the occurrences of errors in a new design from the very early stage of the development. 1. Communication between the user & the designer
This factor is handled by frequently communicating with the finance department and the gate entry. 2. The Time factor for the design
This factor is handled by giving comparatively more time to the designing of the system. Objectives of System Testing
Once a system has been designed, it is necessary to undergo an exhaustive testing before installing the system. This is important because in some cases a small error, not detected and corrected early before installation, may explode into a much large problem later on. Testing is being performed when users are asked to assist in
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identifying all possible situations. That might arise as regards the factor that efforts were put to tackle the problem under consideration. A plan was decided to be followed for testing the system. The complete testing procedure was divided into several steps, to be performed at different stages. Tests were to be done as follows: -
Testing Criteria
A. White Box Testing
(i) Transaction path Testing
In this phase each and every condition within a unit program were tested. As and when a loop or condition statement was incorporated into a unit the loops were tested for correctness, for foundry conditions and for not getting into infinite execution cycle. The data used was whatever necessary at that instance. The path of each transaction from origin to destination was tested for reliable results.
(ii) Module Testing
This was carried out during the programming stage itself. Individual programs were tested at the time of coding and necessary changes are made there on to make sure that the modules in the form program, is working satisfactory as regards the expected output from the module. All aspects of the program viz. All choices available were properly tested. (iii) String Testing
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
After loading all individual program string was performed for each one of programs where the output generated by one program is used as input by another program. This step was completed after making necessary changes wherever required.
B. Black Box Testing
(i) System Testing
After module and string testing, the systems were tested as a whole system Tests were undertaken to check bundled modules for errors. The errors found in the couple system as a whole was corrected. A testing on the Actual data of the company followed this. During this phase the existing System and this package was running in parallel to enable us to verify and compare the result sets. The following criteria were used while testing the system. (ii) Output Testing
No systems could be useful if it does not produced the required operation for that matter operation in the required format the outputs generated or displayed by the system under consider was tested by asking the format required by them.
(iii) User Acceptance Testing
User acceptance of a system is a key factor for the success of any system. The system under consideration was tested for user acceptance by constantly keeping in touch with the prospected system users at the time of developing and making changes.
Wherever required this was done in regard to the user satisfaction.
Testing Procedure
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Different type of checks like duplicate checks, completeness check, validity, checks etc. are incorporated in this system, as the data has to be entered in different forms. The user is not familiar with new system the data entry screens are designed in such a way that they are Had quick response Easy to use Compatible Consistent
The following conventions are used while designing of the various screens to make the system user friendly
System testing is against its initial objectives, it is done in a simulated environment.
All the items that are logically related are together. Error and validation messages are provided wherever required.
Test Review
Test review is the process, which ensures that testing is carried out, as planned
test review decides whether or not the program is ready to ship out for the
implementation.
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For each data entry screen, we prepared test data with extreme values and under all relevant data- entry screen against real this process helped in rectifying the modules
time.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM SECURITY
MEASURES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM SECURITY MEASURES
Security involves both policies and mechanism to protect data and ensure that it is not accessed, altered or deleted without proper authorization. Integrity implies that any properly authorized access, alteration or deletion of the data in the database does not change the validity of the data. Security and integrity though distinct, are related. Implementation of both security and integrity requires that certain controls in the form of constraints must be built in to the system. The DBA, in consultation with the security administration specify these controls. The system enforces the controls by monitoring the actions of the users and limiting their actions with in the constraints for them.
To prevent the dissemination of sensitive information from the data base to unauthorized users and thence to outside competitive or hostile agents, an organization must established effective security policies. Database security policies are guidelines for present and future designers regarding the maintenance of the data base security. Database security mechanisms are the function used to enforced database security policies. These functions could be implemented by a combination of one or more of the following: administrative control procedures, hardware functions, software function, firmware functions. The administrative controls procedures are the implementations of security policies to provide protection, external to the database, operating systems, and computer hardware. An example of such type is that a password to provide for a program be a random string of alphanumeric characters, at least eight in length, and be changed regularly. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The operating system must ensure that files belonging to the database are not used directly without proper authorization. This authorization can consist of the user providing the proper passwords for the file. The operating system must also ensure that illegal users using public communication facilities are not allowed access to the system. Users must be required to use adequate identification and passwords.
The authorization mechanism prepares the user profile for a user and indicates the portion of the database accessible to that user and the mode of access allowed. The enforcement the security policies in the database system require that the system knows the identity of the user making the requests. This in turn requires that before making any request, the user has to identify him / her to the system and authenticate the identification to confirm that the user is in fact the correct person. The simplest and most common authentication scheme used is a password to authenticate the user. The user enters the user name or number and than authenticate himself/herself by the password. Typically, these
identification/authentication steps are used once for the initial sign-on to the system. However, for sensitive data, this step could be repeated for each operation.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
COST ESTIMATION OF THE PROJECT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
COST ESTIMATION OF THE PROJECT
Project estimation and project scheduling are carried out together. However, some cost estimation may be required at an early stage of the project before detailed schedules are drawn up. These estimates may be needed to establish a budget for the project or to set a price for the software for a customer.
Once a project is underway, estimates should be updated regularly. This assist with the planning process and allows the effective use of resources. If actual expenditure is significantly greater than the estimates than the project manager must take some action. This may involve applying for additional resources for the project or modifying the work to be done. There are three parameters involved in computing the total cost of a software development project: Effort cost (The costs of paying software engineers). Travel and training costs Hardware & Software Costs including maintenance
For most projects, the dominant cost is the effort cost. Computers that are powerful enough for software developments are relatively cheep. Although travel costs can be significant where a project is developed at different sites, they are relatively low for most projects. Further more, the use of e-mail; fax and teleconferencing can reduce the travel required.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Effort costs are not simply the cost of the salaries of the software engineers involved in the project. Organization compute effort costs in terms of overhead costs where they take the total cost of running the organization and divide this by the number of productive staff. Therefore, the following cost are all part of the total effort cost:
Costs of providing, cooling and lighting office space;
Costs of support staff such as Accountant, Secretaries, peon and so on;
Costs of networking and communication;
Costs of central facilities such as library, recreational facilities and so on;
Costs of health insurance and so on.
Typically this overhead factor is somewhere around twice the software engineer‟s salary. Therefore, if a software engineers are paid Rs. 2.5 Lakhs per year, the total cost to the organization is Rs 10 Lakhs per year or Rs 83 thousands per month.
If the project has been computed as part of the project bid to a customer, a decision then has to be made about the price quoted to the customer. Classically, price is simply cost plus profit. However, the relationship between the project cost and the price to the customer is not usually so simple.
Software should be carried out objectively with the aim of accurately predicting the cost to the contractor of developing the software. Software pricing must take into account broader organizational, economic, political and business consideration.
A software designer can develop architecture for a new application, system, or product by defining domain architecture and than populating it with structure point.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
These structure points are either individual reusable components or packages of reusable components.
Even though structure point is reusable, their qualification, adaptation, integration, and maintenance cost are nontrivial. Before proceeding with reuse, the project manager must understand the costs associated with the use of structure points.
Since all structure points have a past history, cost data can be collected for each. In an ideal setting, the qualification, adaptation, integration, and maintenance cost associated with each component in a reuse library is maintained for each instance of usage. These data can then be analyzed to develop projected costs for the next instance of reuse.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PERT CHART
PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT) CHART
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The chart shows clearly that the project consists of the activities of Analysis, design, front-end coding, back-end coding and report generation. Recall that the previous estimates for these six tasks were, respectively, 20, 20, 45, 45, 30 and 25 days.
The figure shows that the project will start on April 01, 2006. The analysis work will start on April 03, 2006. Since the analysis is estimated to take 20 days, any activity that follows the design may start on April 20, 2006 at the earliest. The dependency arrows help us compute these earliest start dates based on our estimates of the duration of each activity. These dates are shown in the figure. We could also compute the earliest finish dates or latest start dates or latest finish dates, depending on the kind of analysis we want to perform. The chart shows that the path through the project that consists of the design activity is the critical path for the project. Any delay in any activity in this path will cause a delay in the entire project. We will clearly want to monitor the activities on the critical path much more closely than the other activities.
Front end coding
Start
Analysis
Design
Testing
Report Generation
Back end coding Finish
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
GANTT CHART
GANTT CHARTS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
A bar chart is perhaps the simplest form of formal project management. The bar chart (also known as Gantt chart) is used almost exclusively for scheduling purposes and therefore controls only the time dimension of projects.
Gantt chart (developed by Henry L. Gantt) are a project control technique that can be for several purposes, including, budgeting and resource planning. A Gantt chart is a bar chart, with each bar representing an activity. The bars are drawn against a time line. The length of each bar is proportional to the length of time planned for activity.
To prepare the Gantt chart for our project we estimate the number of days required for each of the six task as follows: Analysis, 20; design, 20; Front end coding, 45; Back end coding, 45; testing, 30; and Report generation, 25. Using these estimates, we can draw the Gantt chart.
A Gantt chart helps in scheduling the activities of a project, but it does not help in identifying them. One can begin with activities identified in the work breakdown structure, as we did for the complier example. During the scheduling activity, and also during implementation of the project, new activities may be identified that were not envisioned during the initial planning. The manager must then go back and revise the breakdown structure and the schedules to deal with these new activities.
The Gantt chart in the figure is actually an enhanced version of standard Gantt chart. The write part of the bar shows the length of time each task is estimated to take. They gray shows the slack time, that is, the latest time by which a task must be finished. One way to view the slack time is that, if necessary, we can slide the white area over the gray area without forcing the start of the next activity to be delayed. A bar
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
that is all while, such as that representing the code generator task, has no slack and must be started and completed in the scheduled dates if the schedule is to be maintained. For the figure, we can see that the one task design has no slack. It is this task then determines the total length of time the project is expected to take.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
DATABASE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(a) Student Record:
S. No. Field 1 Student_Name 6. 1 Student_Father‟s_Name 7. 1 Student_Mother‟s_Name 8. 1 Father‟s_Occupation 9. 2 Mother‟s_Occupation
Data Type Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Size 16 16 16 16 16 05 08 02 08 20 30 10 08 02 07 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
0. 2 Student_S.R._Number (Primary) Varchar 1. 2 Student_DOB 2. 2 Student_Sex 3. 2 Student_Caste 4. 2 Student_Photo 5. 2 Student_Address 6. 2 Student_Phone_No. 7. 2 Date_of_Admission 8. 2 Student_Class_No. (Ref. Key) 9. 3 Student_Status 0.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Numeric Text Text Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Numeric Varchar
(b -i) Fee Structure:
S. No. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Class_No. Tution_Fee Annual_Fee_Amount Exam_Fee_Amount Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size Constraint 02 Not Null 03 Not Null 03 Null 03 03 04 Null Null Not Null
0. 1 Conveyance_Fee_Amount 1. 1 Total_Fee_Amount 2.
(b –ii) Student Fee:
S. No. Field 1 Student_S.R. No.(F.K.) 6. 1 AnnualFee_Dep_Date 7. 1 Fee_Amount_Paid 8. 1 Balance_Fee 9. 2 TutionFee_DepDate 0. 2 TutionFee_AmountPaid 1. 2 TutionFee_Balance 2. 2 ExamFee_DepositeDate 3. 2 ExamFee_AmountPaid 4.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 05 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
2
ExamFee_Balance
Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric
04 08 04 04 04 04
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
5. 2 ConveyanceFee_DepDate 6. 2 ConveyanceFee_AmtPaid 7. 2 ConveyanceFee_Balance 8. 2 Total_Amount_Paid 9. 3 Total_Amount_Balance 0.
(c) Faculty Profile:
S. No. Field 1 Teacher‟s_Name 7. 1 Teacher‟s_Qualification 8. 1 Teacher‟s_DOB 9. 2 Teacher‟s_Sex 0. 2 Teacher‟s_Photo 1. 2 Teacher‟s_Address 2. 2 Teacher‟s_Phone No. 3. . 2 Teacher‟s_Date of Joining Numeric
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Data Type Size Constraint
Varchar Varchar Numeric Varchar Blob Varchar Numeric
20 20 08 02 40 30 10
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null
08
Null
2
Teacher‟s_Salary
Numeric Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar
04 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null
5. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject1 6. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject2 7. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject3 8. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject4 9. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject5 0. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject6 1. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject7 2.
(d) School Time Table :
S. No.
7. 8. 9. 10 . 11 . 12 .
Subject_Name Subject_Code
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
Total No._of_Periods
Time_ slots
Varchar Varchar Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar
12 06 02 04 04 12
Not Null Null Null Null Null Null
Class_No._Section
Teacher‟s _Name
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(e) Examination Result:
S. No.
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
8. Student_S.R.No. (Reference Key) Varchar 9. Student_ClassNo. Varchar 1 Student_Name Char 0. 1 Stud_Father‟s_Name 1. 1 Result_Status 2. 1 Result_Year 3. 1 TC_Status 4. (f) Library Management:
S. No.
Field Data Type
04 05 15 15 4 4 1
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
Char Char Numeric Boollean
Size
Constraint
1 Book_Id 0. 1 Book_Title 1. 1 Book_Author 2. 1 Publication 3. 1 Book_Issue
Vanchar Char Char Char Numeric
05 15 15 15 08
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1 Book_Return 5. 1 Book_subject 6. 1 Book_Cost 7. 1 Book_Status 8.
Numeric Vanchar Numeric Char
08 15 04 10
Null Not Null Null Null
FORMS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
mdiform
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmresult
frmfaculty
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmfee
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmfacultysearch
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmstudent
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmstudentsearch
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SUBJECT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
TITLES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
BOOKS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MEMBERS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
EMPLOYEES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIONS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
ISSUE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
RETURN
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
RESERVE BOOK
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MISSING BOOK
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
REPORT FOR PAY FINE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FINE BALANCE REPORT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MISSING BOOK REPORT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODING
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODING FOR SCHOOL MANAGEMENT MODULES
frmExamResultAdd - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "ExamResult", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic With rs .AddNew .Fields("SRNo") = Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) .Fields("StudNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("FatherNAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("CLASSno") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("ResultStatus") = Trim(txtResultStatus) .Fields("ResultYear") = Trim(txtResultYear) .Fields("TCStatus") = Trim(txtTcStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY ADDED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultAdd) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) txtResultYear.Text = Format(Date, "yyyy") End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmExamResultDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE con.Execute ("delete from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY DELETED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("StudNAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("FatherNAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASSno") txtResultStatus = r1.Fields("ResultStatus") txtResultYear = r1.Fields("ResultYear") txtTcStatus = r1.Fields("tcstatus") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from EXAMRESULT order by SRNO") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SRNO") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmExamResultUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adL ockOptimistic With rs .Update .Fields("SRNo") = Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) .Fields("StudNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("FatherNAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("CLASSno") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("ResultStatus") = Trim(txtResultStatus) .Fields("ResultYear") = Trim(txtResultYear) .Fields("TCStatus") = Trim(txtTcStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click()
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("StudNAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("FatherNAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASSno") txtResultStatus = r1.Fields("ResultStatus") txtResultYear = r1.Fields("ResultYear") txtTcStatus = r1.Fields("tcstatus") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from EXAMRESULT order by SRNO") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SRNO") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFacInfoEntry - 1 Option Explicit Dim photoStr As String '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD '''''''''''''''''''''''' Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "FacultyProfile", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic With rs .AddNew .Fields("id") = Trim(txtFacId.Text) .Fields("TNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("tqualification") = Trim(txtQualification) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
.Fields("TADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("TDOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("TSEX") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFjoin") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("Salary") = Trim(txtSalary) .Fields("Sub1") = Trim(txtSub1) .Fields("Sub2") = Trim(txtSub2) .Fields("Sub3") = Trim(txtSub3) .Fields("Sub4") = Trim(txtSub4) .Fields("Sub5") = Trim(txtSub5) .Fields("Sub6") = Trim(txtSub6) .Fields("Sub7") = Trim(txtSub7) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY ADDED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmFacInfoEntry) End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo\faculty" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect txtAdmission.Text = Format(Date, "dd-mmyy") End Sub frmFacInfoUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "SELECT * from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
With rs .Update .Fields("TNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("tqualification") = Trim(txtQualification) .Fields("TADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("TDOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("TSEX") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFjoin") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("Salary") = Trim(txtSalary) .Fields("Sub1") = Trim(txtSub1) .Fields("Sub2") = Trim(txtSub2) .Fields("Sub3") = Trim(txtSub3) .Fields("Sub4") = Trim(txtSub4) .Fields("Sub5") = Trim(txtSub5) .Fields("Sub6") = Trim(txtSub6) .Fields("Sub7") = Trim(txtSub7) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO UPDATE''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmFacInfoUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo\faculty" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("tNAME") txtDOB = r1.Fields("tDOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("tsex") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("photo") txtAddress = r1.Fields("tADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFjoin") txtSalary = r1.Fields("Salary") txtQualification.Text = r1.Fields("TQUALIFICATION") txtSub1 = r1.Fields("sub1") txtSub2 = r1.Fields("sub2") txtSub3 = r1.Fields("sub3") txtSub4 = r1.Fields("sub4") txtSub5 = r1.Fields("sub5") txtSub6 = r1.Fields("sub6") txtSub7 = r1.Fields("sub7") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " frmFacInfoUpdate - 2 Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFacultyDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() con.Execute ("delete from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MsgBox "Record Deleted" Call clearTxtBox(frmFacultyDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("tNAME") txtDOB = r1.Fields("tDOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("tsex") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) txtAddress = r1.Fields("tADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFjoin") txtSalary = r1.Fields("Salary") txtQualification.Text = r1.Fields("TQUALIFICATION") txtSub1 = r1.Fields("sub1") txtSub2 = r1.Fields("sub2") txtSub3 = r1.Fields("sub3") txtSub4 = r1.Fields("sub4") txtSub5 = r1.Fields("sub5") txtSub6 = r1.Fields("sub6") txtSub7 = r1.Fields("sub7") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFeeAdd - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset Dim id, temp As Integer Set r1 = con.Execute("select Max(TrId) from FeePaymentDetail") temp = CInt(r1.GetString) If temp < 1 Then id = 1 Else id = CInt(temp) + 1 End If rs.Open "FeePaymentDetail", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic rs.AddNew rs.Fields("StudNo") = ComSSRNo.Text rs.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") = txtAnnualDate rs.Fields("AnnualFeepaid") = txtAnnualPaid rs.Fields("TutFeeDate") = txtTutionDate rs.Fields("TutFeepaid") = txtTutionPaid rs.Fields("ExamFeeDate") = txtExamDate rs.Fields("ExamFeepaid") = txtExamPaid rs.Fields("ConFeeDate") = txtConDate rs.Fields("ConFeepaid") = txtConPaid rs.Fields("TrId") = id rs.Update rs.Close MsgBox "Updated" Call clearTxtBox(frmFeeAdd) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO"))
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) txtAnnualDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtTutionDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtExamDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtConDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub FrmFeeDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset con.Execute ("DELETE from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") MsgBox "DELETED" Call clearTxtBox(FrmFeeDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) List1.Clear End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME")
txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''LOADING VALUES TO LIST BOX '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Set r1 = con.Execute("select Trid from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") List1.Clear If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "No Transation List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF List1.AddItem r1.Fields("TrId") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub List1_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") txtAnnualDate = r1.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtAnnualPaid = r1.Fields("AnnualFeePaid") txtTutionDate = r1.Fields("TutFeeDate") txtTutionPaid = r1.Fields("TutFeePaid") txtExamDate = r1.Fields("ExamFeeDate") txtExamPaid = r1.Fields("ExamFeePaid") txtConDate = r1.Fields("ConFeeDate") txtConPaid = r1.Fields("ConFeePaid") r1.Close End Sub frmFeeUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic rs.Update rs.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") = txtAnnualDate rs.Fields("AnnualFeepaid") = txtAnnualPaid rs.Fields("TutFeeDate") = txtTutionDate rs.Fields("TutFeepaid") = txtTutionPaid rs.Fields("ExamFeeDate") = txtExamDate rs.Fields("ExamFeepaid") = txtExamPaid rs.Fields("ConFeeDate") = txtConDate rs.Fields("ConFeepaid") = txtConPaid rs.Update rs.Close MsgBox "Updated" Call clearTxtBox(frmFeeUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) List1.Clear End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''LOADING VALUES TO LIST BOX '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Set r1 = con.Execute("select Trid from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") List1.Clear If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "No Transation List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF List1.AddItem r1.Fields("TrId") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub List1_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") txtAnnualDate = r1.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") txtAnnualPaid = r1.Fields("AnnualFeePaid") txtTutionDate = r1.Fields("TutFeeDate") txtTutionPaid = r1.Fields("TutFeePaid") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtExamDate = r1.Fields("ExamFeeDate") frmFeeUpdate - 2 txtExamPaid = r1.Fields("ExamFeePaid") txtConDate = r1.Fields("ConFeeDate") txtConPaid = r1.Fields("ConFeePaid") r1.Close End Sub Frmlibrary - 1 Private Sub Command1_Click() Me.Hide OLE1.DoVerb End Sub frmsearchFaculty - 1 Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "SELECT * from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmStudentDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() con.Execute ("delete from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") MsgBox "Record Deleted" Call clearTxtBox(frmStudentDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtName = r1.Fields("M_NAME") txtFOccup = r1.Fields("F_OCCUPATION") txtMoccup = r1.Fields("M_OCCUPATION") txtDOB = r1.Fields("S_DOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("S_GENDER") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") txtCaste = r1.Fields("CASTE") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) 'txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("PHOTO") txtAddress = r1.Fields("ADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFADMISION") txtStatus = r1.Fields("STATUS") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmStudentSerach - 1 Private Sub Combo1_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "select * from StudentRecord where S_Name = '" & Trim(Combo1.Text) & "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh 'Adodc2.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" 'Adodc2.RecordSource = "select * from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" 'Adodc2.Refresh 'DataGrid2.ReBind 'DataGrid2.Refresh 'Adodc3.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" 'Adodc3.RecordSource = "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" 'Adodc3.Refresh 'DataGrid3.ReBind 'DataGrid3.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True 'DataGrid2.Visible = True 'DataGrid3.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" & Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) & "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh
Adodc2.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn"
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Adodc2.RecordSource = "select * from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc2.Refresh DataGrid2.ReBind DataGrid2.Refresh Adodc3.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc3.RecordSource = "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc3.Refresh DataGrid3.ReBind DataGrid3.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True DataGrid2.Visible = True DataGrid3.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) Call LCVName(Combo1) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub LCVName(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by S_Name") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
End If r1.MoveFirst frmStudentSerach 2 While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("S_Name") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmStudentUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "SELECT * FROM StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDyn amic, adLockOptimistic With rs .Update .Fields("S_NAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("F_NAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("M_NAME") = Trim(txtName) .Fields("F_OCCUPATION") = Trim(txtFOccup) .Fields("M_OCCUPATION") = Trim(txtMoccup) .Fields("S_DOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("S_GENDER") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("CLASS") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("CASTE") = Trim(txtCaste) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("ADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFADMISION") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("STATUS") = Trim(txtStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmStudentUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtName = r1.Fields("M_NAME") txtFOccup = r1.Fields("F_OCCUPATION") txtMoccup = r1.Fields("M_OCCUPATION") txtDOB = r1.Fields("S_DOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("S_GENDER") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") txtCaste = r1.Fields("CASTE") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) 'txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("PHOTO") txtAddress = r1.Fields("ADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFADMISION") txtStatus = r1.Fields("STATUS") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
BRIEF ABOUT THE ORGANISATION:
Unity Public School is situated in Ekta Vihar, MDA Colony, Near Prem Wonder Land, Rampur Road, Moradabad. The school is recognized by U.P. Govt. It is running since last three years from class Nursery to VIII under administrative control of Smt. Khurshid Jafri.
At present the school management and its all procedures are totally manual based. It creates a lot of problems due to wrong entries or mistakes in totaling etc. This system avoided such mistakes through proper checks and validation control methods in checking of student record, fee deposit particulars, teachers schedule, examination report, issue of transfer certificates etc. I met personally to the principal and manager and discuss about the computerization of manual school management system. This system registers a student and confirms its admission in school. When a student registers in school a S.R. No (unique ID) is allotted to student. Student record is based on his/ her S.R. No.
th
OBJECTIVE:
The objective of developing such a computerization system is to reduce the paper work and safe of time in school management. There by increasing the efficiency and decreasing the work load.
The project provides us the information about student record, school faculty, school timetable, school fee, school examination result and library
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
management. The system must provide the flexibility of generating the required documents on screen as well as on printer as and when required.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
The school management process can be described using different modules. Each of the module performs a different function.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Student School Record Fee (a) Student Record:
Faculty Profile
Time Examination Library Table Result Management
We can easily find out the details of student alongwith his photograph by entering his/her S.R. No. (b) School Fee:
We can find out the fee structure of every class and the fee for student whether the student has paid fee or not. If he/ she has not paid school fee within prescribed period, he / she should have to pay penalty.
(c) Faculty Profile:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
We can easily find out the description about the teacher posted in school .
(d) Time Table: We can search out the name of teacher and subject in particular class at a particular time . (e) Examination Result: We can check the performance of students during the particular year . On passing the particular class , student record and student TC is updated . (f) Library Management: Library management process updates the library database. It gives information about a particular book when issued to the student and when it is taken back.
SCOPE:
The scope of the school management system facilitate us in the following jobs : Maintaining Student Records Automatic Preparation of Marksheet Automatic updation in student TC Library Managenent
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT CATEGORY:
The Project is functioning under the RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) category of the software which
handles the database of all the students and staff. It uses object
oriented programming technology to develop the system .
ANALYSIS :
Necessary DFDs and ER Diagram are attached herewith. (i) DFDs:
During analysis phase of SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle), the system analyst or other members of the project team draw many diagrams to show how data move within an organization. These diagrams, popularly called as DFD (Data Flow Diagram), quickly convey to both the software developers and users how the current system is working and how the proposed system will work. The main advantage of DFD is that they are easily understood by the users and hence users can suggest modifications in the proposed system.
In Data Flow Diagram (DFD) we have used four types of symbols as described below: -
DFD Symbol:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Stands For
Symbols
Source or Destination of Data
Rectangle
Square
Flow of Data
Process which transforms
Circle Oval
Rounded Rectangle
Store of Data We consider three levels of DFDs Level 0 DFD Level 1 DFD Level 2 DFD
DFD Level 0
CFD (Context Flow Diagram) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
or CAD (Context Analysis Diagram)
Student or Applicant
it Admi ssion Form Valid/ Invali d
Fee Depos it
Book Reque st Issue/ Retur n or
School Managemen t System
Reports
ADMINISTRATOR
DFD level 0 (Context Level)
DFD Level 1
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
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SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
DFD LEVEL 2
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SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
DFD LEVEL 2
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E-R Diagram:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
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Entity Relationship Diagram for School Management System
COMPLETE STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAM:
No. of Modules used and their functions :
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The school management system of Unity Public School is divided into six parts: (a) Student Record (b) School Fee (i) (ii) (c) Faculty Profile (d) School Time Table (e) Examination Result (f) Library Management Fee Structure Student Fee
(a) Student Record:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Student_Name Student_Father‟s_Name Student_Mother‟s_Name Father‟s_Occupation Mother‟s_Occupation Student_S.R._Number (Primary) Student_DOB Student_Sex Student_Caste Student_Photo Data Type Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Numeric Text Text Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Size 16 16 16 16 16 05 08 02 08 20 30 10 08 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null
0. 1 Student_Address 1. 1 Student_Phone_No. 2. 1 Date_of_Admission
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1
Student_Class_No. (Ref. Key)
Numeric Varchar
02 07
Not Null Not Null
4. 1 Student_Status 5.
(b -i) Fee Structure:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Field Class_No. Tution_Fee Annual_Fee_Amount Exam_Fee_Amount Conveyance_Fee_Amount Total_Fee_Amount Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 02 03 03 03 03 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Not Null
(b –ii) Student Fee:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Student_S.R. No.(F.K.) AnnualFee_Dep_Date Fee_Amount_Paid Balance_Fee TutionFee_DepDate TutionFee_AmountPaid TutionFee_Balance ExamFee_DepositeDate ExamFee_AmountPaid ExamFee_Balance Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 05 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
0. 1 ConveyanceFee_DepDate 1. 1 ConveyanceFee_AmtPaid 2. 1 ConveyanceFee_Balance
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1
Total_Amount_Paid
Numeric Numeric
04 04
Not Null Not Null
4. 1 Total_Amount_Balance 5.
(c) Faculty Profile:
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
Teacher‟s_Name Teacher‟s_Qualification Teacher‟s_DOB Teacher‟s_Sex Teacher‟s_Photo Teacher‟s_Address Teacher‟s_Phone No.
Varchar Varchar Numeric Varchar Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar
20 20 08 02 40 30 10 08 04 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null
. 8. Teacher‟s_Date of Joining 9. Teacher‟s_Salary 1 Teacher‟s_Subject1 0. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject2 1. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject3 2. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject4 3. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject5 4. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject6 5. 1 Teacher‟s_Subject7 6.
(d) School Time Table :
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
S. No.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Subject_Name Subject_Code
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
Total No._of_Periods
Time_ slots
Class_No._Section
Varchar Varchar Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar
12 06 02 04 04 12
Not Null Null Null Null Null Null
Teacher‟s _Name
(e) Examination Result:
S. No.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
1. Student_S.R.No. (Reference Key) 2. Student_ClassNo. 3. Student_Name 4. Stud_Father‟s_Name 5. Result_Status 6. Result_Year 7. TC_Status
Varchar Varchar Char Char Char Numeric Boollean
04 05 15 15 4 4 1
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
(f) Library Management:
S. No.
Field Data Type Size Constraint
1. Book_Id 2. Book_Title 3. Book_Author 4. Publication 5. Book_Issue 6. Book_Return 7. Book_subject 8. Book_Cost 9. Book_Status
Vanchar Char Char Char Numeric Numeric Vanchar Numeric Char
05 15 15 15 08 08 15 04 10
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null Not Null Null Null
TOOLS:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FRONT END / GUI TOOLs : Visual Basic 6.0 Visual Basic 6.0 :
We have selected Visual Basic 6.0 as our Front end . Visual Basic is programming language . It is the most powerful object oriented based language on 32 bit operating system . We find VB6 quite useful developing 32 bit GUI based application . In Visual
programming , mouse is used extensively , coding in VB is same as writing programming statements for other languages . We selected VB
because of its simplicity of creating of reusable code libraries . VB lets us mark objects in a code component as global so that their methods can be invoked without explicitly creating an instance of the global objects. By adding support for class modules the creation of Active X (Com), DLL , EXEs , VB provides infrastructure of using an object oriented technique , which being used in this project .
RDBMS / BACK END: SQL Server 2000:
SQL Server
We have selected SQL - Server 2000, i.e. an RDBMS package for back end tool for managing the database as this allows users to manage the database very efficiently and controls data redundancy and inconsistency . It allows enforcing various data integrity constraints on the data being entered into the tables. Database can be accessed using GUI provided by the system . It is very easy to maintain . It is also cheaper than other package .
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SQL server is an RDBMS package as backend tool for managing database as this allows users to manage the data base very efficiently and controls data redundancy and inconsistency . It allows
enforcing various data integrity constraints on the data being entered into the tables . Data-base can be accesses using many front tools and it can be installed on a simply configured system.
OPERATING Environment
SYSTEM :
WINDOWS
(NT , 2000 , XP) Hardware Requirement (Minimum):
Any Pentium Processor. 128 MB RAM with 2.00 GB Hard Disk Free Space 1.44 MB Floppy Disk Drive
Monitor Mouse
CD-ROM Drive Printer
SECURITY MECHANISMS:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Security is provided at administrative and user level by introducing the concept of passwords for authentification purpose. Password is categorized as : Administrator User Complete
Student Record Display
Faculty Display Time Table read only Results Read only
FUTURE SCOPE, FURTHER ENHANCEMENT AND LIMITATIONS:
This project will be useful for any schools and colleges with slightly modification. It may be used for English Medium School as well as Hindi Medium Schools. Project is flexible i.e. any change / modification in data base may be perform easily. Also this project could be made web enabled.
This project may be upgraded with some more modules such as sports module, prize module, student attendance module, employee salary module, annually receipt and expenditure reports generation etc. This project can also be made for multi-user environment.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROCESS LOGIC
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The process logic for our project is depending on program structure.
School Management System
Student Database
Faculty Database
School Fee Structure
Faculty Time Table
Library System
Student Fee Record
Student Transfer Certificate Student Result
Class & Subject Database
Student Result
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Each sub modules of school management system requires sub-sub modules or different functions, such student database has new student entry, edit student record, delete student record. Faculty database also has add, delete and modification functions. Once we have entered school fee structure, we have maintained student fee record effectively. Student Result is also has various options, such as individual result, class result, fail and pass student record in each subject as well as in class. Also transfer certificate will be made computerized. Another important module Library management has also various sub-sub modules, such as new book entry, search book, issue and return book, fine charges etc.
This project carried out for a full computerized school management system. Most of the school function was computerized. This project will be useful for all schools and colleges with some modification. The modification is customized so it is not necessary to change complete project. Project is customised i.e. any change / modification in data base may be perform easily. Also we are trying to make this project web enabled.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT REPORT ON SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CONTENTS
S. NO. PARTICULARS
1.
Approval of Synopsis SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11.
Certificate of Originality Acknowledgement Introduction Objective System Analysis Identification of Need Preliminary Investigation Feasibility Study Software Engineering Paradigm Applied
Software & Hardware Requirement Specification
12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.
System Design Code Efficiency Optimization of Code Validation Checks Maintenance System Testing System Security Measures Cost Estimation of Project PERT Chart Gantt Chart Database Forms SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
24. 25.
Coding Bibliography
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the project entitled “School Managrment System”
submitted to Indira Gandhi National Open University is partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of MASTER IN COMPUTER SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
APPLICATIONS (MCA), is an original work carried out by Mr. Qadir Ahmad Jafri Enrolment No. 042944248 under my guidance.
The matter embodied in this project is a genuine work done by the student and has not been submitted whether to this University or to any other University/Institute for the fulfillment of the requirement of any course of study.
Signature of Student: (Qadir Ahmad Jafri) Enrol no. 042944248 Moradabad
Signature of the Guide:
(Rahul Kumar Mishra) Lecturer, I.F.T.M.
Moradabad
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to thank Mr. Rahul Kumar Mishra (my
honorable guide), Lecturer, Department of Computer Applications, IFTM, Moradabad,
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
for his prodigious, persuasions, painstaking, and attitude, reformative and prudential suggestions throughout my project. I am also greatly thankful to Mr. Avdhesh Gupta, lecturer for installing in me a sense of self confidence and helping me as when I needed him. Also my thanks to IGNOU study centre In charge, Dr. V.K. Vatsa, who gave me the idea for this project. I would also thank to Mr. Jitendra Kumar Jindal, Mr. Deepak Kumar Sharma, lecturers in IFTM and Mr. Ashwani Kumar, Mr. Sunil Arora, lecturers in study centre IGNOU, for helping me in this project. They helped me in developing such kind of LIVE Software.
Q. A. Jafri MCA VI SEM. 042944248
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Unity Public School is situated in Ekta Vihar, MDA Colony, Near Prem Wonder Land, Rampur Road, Moradabad. The school is recognized by U.P. Govt. It is running since last three years from class Nursery to VIII under administrative control of Smt. Khurshid Jafri.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
th
At present the school management and its all procedures are totally manual based. It creates a lot of problems due to wrong entries or mistakes in totaling etc. This system avoided such mistakes through proper checks and validation control methods in checking of student record, fee deposit particulars, teachers schedule, examination report, issue of transfer certificates etc. I met personally to the principal and manager and discuss about the computerization of manual school management system. This system registers a student and confirms its admission in school. When a student registers in school a S.R. No (unique ID) is allotted to student. Student record is based on his/ her S.R. No.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
The objective of developing such a computerization system is to reduce the paper work and safe of time in school management. There by increasing the efficiency and decreasing the work load.
The project provides us the information about student record, school faculty, school timetable, school fee, school examination result and library management. The system must provide the flexibility of generating the required documents on screen as well as on printer as and when required.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
The school management process can be described using different modules. Each of the module performs a different function.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Student School Record Fee (a) Student Record:
Faculty Profile
Time Examination Library Table Result Management
We can easily find out the details of student alongwith his photograph by entering his/her S.R. No.
(b) School Fee:
We can find out the fee structure of every class and the fee for student whether the student has paid fee or not. If he/ she has not paid school fee within prescribed period, he / she should have to pay penalty.
(c) Faculty Profile: We can easily find out the description about the teacher posted in school .
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(d) Time Table:
We can search out the name of teacher and subject in particular
class at a particular time . (e) Examination Result: We can check the performance of students during the particular year . On passing the particular class , student record and student TC is updated . (f) Library Management: Library management process updates the library database. It gives information about a particular book when issued to the student and when it is taken back.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
System Analysis refers to the process of examining a situation with the intent of improving it through better procedures and methods. System design is the process of planning a new system to either replace or complement an existing system. But before any planning is done, the old system must be thoroughly understood and the requirements determined. System Analysis is therefore, the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosis problems and using the information to re-comment improvements in the system. Or in other words, System Analysis means a detailed explanation or description. Before computerizing a system under consideration, it has to be analyzed. We need to study how it functions currently, what are the problems, and what are the requirements that the proposed system should meet.
The main components of making software are: Ensuring, verifying and maintaining software integrity Design and implementation of software System and software requirements analysis
System analysis is an activity that encompasses most of the tasks that are collectively called Computer System Engineering. Confusion sometimes occurs because the term is often used in context that all dues it only to software requirement analysis activities, but system analysis focuses on all the system elements- not just software.
System analysis is conducted with the following objectives in mind:
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Identify the customer‟s need Evaluate the system concept for feasibility Perform economic and technical analysis Allocate functions to hardware, software, people, database and
other system elements Establish cost and schedule constraints Create a system definition that forms the foundation for all the subsequent engineering work. System Analysis is consisting of two main works i.e. Identify the need and Preliminary Investigation.
PHASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
A development process consists of various phases, each phase ending with a defined output. The phases are performed in an order specified by the process model being followed. The main reason for having a phased process is that it breaks the problem of developing software into successfully performing a set of phases, each handling a different concern of software development. It allows proper checking for quality and progress for given software during development (end of phases). One phase would have to wait until the end what software has been produced. This will not work for large system. Hence for managing the complexity, project tracking, and quality, all the development process consists of set of phases. Various process models have been proposed for developing software. Each organization that follows a process has its own
version. The different process can have different activities. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
In general, we can say that any problem solving in software must consist of these
activities:
Requirement specification for understanding and clearly stating the problem.
Design for deciding a plan for a solution.
Coding for implementing the planned
solution Testing for verifying the programs
For small problem these activities may not be clearly defined, and no written record of the activities may be kept. But for the complex and large system where the problem solving activity may last couple of years and where many persons are involved in development, and each of these four problem solving activities has to be done formally. Each of these activities is a major task for large software projects.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
IDENTIFICATION
OF NEED
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEED
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
Refines project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application. Analyzes end-user information needs. Analysis is a detail study of the various operations performed by a system and their relationships within and outside the system. The problem could be automating an existing manual process, developing a new automated system, or a combination of the two. A key question is: what is needed for the system, not how the system will achieve its goal. During analysis, data are collected on the available files, decision points, and transactions handled by the present system. For large systems that have many features, and that need to perform many different tasks, understanding the requirements of the system is a major task. Data flow diagrams, interviews, on-site observations, and questionnaires are the examples of requirement analysis. Training, experience, and common sense are required for collection of the information needed to do the analyst.
Once the analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding of what is to done. This task is complicated by the fact that there are often at least two parties involved in software development-a client and a developer. The developer usually does not understand the client‟s problem domain, and the client often does not understand the issues in the software systems. This causes a communication gap between client and developer. The goal of the requirement specification phase is to produce the software
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
requirements specification document (also called the requirement document). The person responsible for the requirement analysis is often called the analyst.
There are two major activities in this phase: Problem understanding or analysis and requirement specification. In problem analysis, the analyst has top understand the problem and its context. Analysis requires a thorough understanding of the system, parts of which have to be automated. The goal of this activity is to understand the requirement of the new system that is to be developed. The client may not really know the need s of the system. The analyst has to make the client aware of the new possibilities, helping both client and the analyst the requirements for the new system.
Once the problem is analyzed and the essentials understood, the requirement is specified in the requirement document. For requirement specification in the form of document, some specification language has to be selected (e.g. English, regulates expressions, tables, or combination of these). A preliminary user manual that describes all the major uses interfaces frequently form a part of the requirement document.
The first step of system analysis process involves the identification of need. The analyst (system engineer) meets with the customer & the end user (if different from customer). Identification of need is the starting point in the evolution of a computer based system. The analyst assists the customer on defining the goals of the system:
What information will be produced? What information is to be provided? What functions and performance are required?
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The analyst makes sure to distinguish between customer “needs” and customer “wants”. That is what the main aim behind the system is. Defining aim is very vital in system work. If we do not know where we want to go, we will not know when we have reached their. Once we know our aim, we can try to achieve it in the best possible way. The user department has to define these objectives in terms of their needs. These become the outputs which the system analyst keeps in to mind.
Once we know the output, we can easily determine what the input should be. The essential elements of inputs are timeliness, accuracy, proper format and economy.
Information gathered during the need identification step is specified in a System Concept Document. The customer before meetings sometimes prepares the original concept document with the analyst. Invariably, customeranalyst communication results in the modifications to the documents.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Limitations or failure of existing systems, or the awareness of technological advances relating to the particular are involved in particular systems which competitors are developing.
Information systems projects‟ originate from many reasons: to achieve greater speed in processing data, better accuracy and improved consistency, faster information retrieval, integration of business areas, reduced cost and better security. The sources also vary project proposals originate with department managers, senior executives and systems analysis. Sometimes the real origin is an outside source, such as a government agency, which stipulates systems requirements the organization must meet. When the request is made, the first systems activity, the preliminary investigation, begins. The activity has three parts: request clarification, feasibility study and request approval.
Request Clarification
Many requests from employees and users in organizations are not clearly stated. Therefore, before any systems investigation can be considered, the project request must be examined to determine precisely what the originator wants. A simple telephone call may suffice if the requester has a clear idea but does not know how to state it. On the other hand, the requester may merely be asking for help without knowing what is wrong or why there is a problem. Problem clarification in this case is much more difficult. In either case, before any further steps can be taken, the project requests must be clearly states. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
This phase (initial study) involves estimating whether or not a development project is worthwhile. Problems with the current automated or manual system are identified, as well as the benefits and costs of an alternative system. If the benefits seem to outweigh the costs (especially when compared with competing projects), a green signal may be given to continue the project, and detailed plans and schedules are drafted for making the system a reality. The proposed solution to the user‟s problem may involve something between dramatic change (completely new system) and slight change to the present system. If the present system is manual and a computer system is proposed, the development project will probably be very large. At the other extreme are small development project that represent slight changes to existing systems, such as sorting information in a different way or inserting subtotals or adding new columns to a report. The objectives of this phase are: 1 To determine the feasibility of computerization of a particular system or area of operation. 2. To define clearly the objectives, scope and limitations of the project.
3. To establish a good working relationship between the user department and the data processing (DP) department. 4. To acquaint user management with the approach and method of work in systems development.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
5. To estimate the resources required for system development, live running and
maintenance.
6.
To identify the likely benefits, which should accrue from the introduction
of the system.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
The data collection that occurs during preliminary investigations examines system feasibility, the likelihood that the system will be beneficial to the organization. Four tests of feasibility are studies: technical, economical and operational. All are equally important.
1. Technical Feasibility:
It involves determining whether or not
a system can actually be constructed to solve the problem at hand. Some users expect too much of computers, assuming that computers can accurately predict the future, immediately reflect all information in an organization, easily understand speech, or figure out how to handle difficult problems. Such systems, even if they exist, are not yet available for widespread use.
The technical issues raised during the feasibility stage of the investigation are:
1. Does the necessary technology exist (can it be acquired) to do what is suggested? 2. Does the proposed equipment have the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the new system? 3. Will the proposed system and components provide adequate responses to inquires, regardless of the number or location of users? 4. Can the system be expanded, if developed?
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
5. Are there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security?
For example, if the proposal includes a printer that prints at the rate of 2,000 lines per minute, a brief search shows that this is technically feasible. Whether it should be included in the configuration because of its cost is an economic decision. On the other hand, if a user is requesting audio input to write, read, and change stored data, the proposal may not be technically feasible.
2. Economical Feasibility:
It involves estimating benefits and
costs. These benefits and costs may be tangible or intangible. Because of confusion between the types of costs, it is sometimes very difficult to decide if the benefits outweigh the costs.
Tangible benefits may include decreasing salary costs (by automating manual procedures), preventing costly but frequent errors, sending bills earlier in the month, and increasing control over inventory levels. Such benefits may be directly estimated in rupees without much trouble. Intangible benefits may include increasing quality of goods produced, upgrading or creating new customer services, reducing repetitive or monotonous work for employees, and developing a better understanding of the market. Such benefits may be much more important than tangible benefits, but they may be ignored because estimating their rupee values involves pure guesswork.
Tangible costs are easily estimated. They include the one-time cost of developing the system and the continuous costs of operating the system. Examples of development costs are the salaries of programmers and` analysts, the prices of the
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
computer equipment, and the expenses connected with user training. Operating costs include the salaries of computer operators and the costs of computer time and computer supplies. Intangible costs are usually not discussed because they are rarely large. Examples of such costs include those associated with early user dissatisfaction and with the problems of converting to the new system. A system that can be developed technically and will be used if installed must still be a good investment. That is, financial benefits must equal or exceed the financial costs. The economic and financial questions raised by analysts during the preliminary investigation seek estimates of: 1. The cost to conduct a full systems investigation.
2. The cost of hardware and software for the class of application being considered. 3. The benefits in the form of reduced costs or fewer costly errors.
4. The cost if nothing changes (the system is not developed).
Cost and benefit estimates on each project provide a basis for determining which projects are most worthy of consideration. Each estimate can be analyzed to determine how rapidly costs are recovered by benefits, to calculate both the absolute and interest-adjusted amounts of excess benefits, and to establish the ratio of benefits to costs. All of these factors are considered when developing an overall sense of the project's economic feasibility.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
To be judged feasible, a project proposal must pass all these tests. Otherwise, it is not a feasible project. For example, a personnel record system that is financially feasible and operational attractive, is not feasible if the necessary technology does not exist. Or a medical system which can be developed at reasonable cost but which nurses will avoid using cannot be judged operationally feasible.
3. Operational Feasibility:
Proposed projects are of course beneficial
only if they can be turned into information systems that will meet the organization's operation requirements. Simply stated, this test of feasibility asks if the system will work when developed and installed. Are there major barriers to implementation? Here are questions that will help test the operational feasibility of a project:
1. Is there sufficient support for the project from the management and from users? If the current system is well liked and used to the extent that persons will not see reasons for a change, there may be resistance.
2. Are current business methods acceptable to the user? If they are not, user may welcome a change that will bring about a more operational and useful system.
3. Have the users been involved in the planning and development of the project? Early involvement reduces the chances of resistance to the system and change in general, and increases the likelihood of successful projects.
4. Will the proposed system cause harm? The following questions are related to
this issue:
Will the system produce result in any respect or area? SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Will loss of control result in any area?
Will accessibility of information be lost?
Will individual performance be poorer after implementation than before?
Will customers be affected in an undesirable way?
Will it slow performance in any areas?
Operational feasibility is a measure of how people are able to work with the system. For example, a system may require managers to write BASIC, COBOL, or FORTRAN programs to access data. However, managers probably receive the greatest help from a system when they can concentrate on the problems to solve rather than on how programs should be constructed to solve them.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM APPLIED
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SOFTWARE AND
HARDWARE
REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FRONT END / GUI TOOLs : Visual RDBMS / BACK END: SQL
Basic 6.0 :
Server 2000: SYSTEM : WINDOWS
OPERATING Environment
(NT , 2000 , XP) Hardware Requirement (Minimum):
Any Pentium Processor. 128 MB RAM with 2.00 GB Hard Disk Free Space 1.44 MB Floppy Disk Drive
Monitor Mouse
CD-ROM Drive Printer
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM DESIGN
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM DESIGN
It describes desired features and operations in detail, including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudocode and other documentation. The most creative and challenges phase of the software development life cycle is software design. The term design describes final software and the process by which it is developed. The purpose of the design phase is to plan a solution of the problem specified by the requirements document. It also includes the construction of programs and program testing. Design takes us toward how to satisfy the needs. The design of a system is perhaps the most critical factor affecting the quality of the software; it has a major impact on the later phase, particularly testing and maintenance. The output of this phase is the design document.
The first step is to determine how the output is to be produced and in what format. Samples of the output and input are to present Second, input data and master files (database) have to be designed to meet the requirement of the purposed output. The operational (processing) phases are handled through program construction and testing, including a list of the programs needed to meet the software objectives and complete documentation. The design activity is often dived into two phases-system design and detailed design. System design, which is sometimes also called top-level design, all the major data structures, file formats, output formats, and the major modules in the system and their specification are decided.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
During detailed design, the internal logic of each of the modules specified in system design is decided. During this phase further details of the data structure and algorithmic design of each of the modules is specified.
In system design focus is on identifying the modules, whereas during detailed design focus is on designing the logic for each of the modules. In other words, in system design the attention is on what components are needed, while in detailed design how the component can be implemented in software is the issue.
The design of an information system produces the details that state how a system will meet the requirements identified during systems analysis. Often systems specialists refer to this stage as logical design, in contrast to developing program software, which is referred to as physical design.
As soon as the user accepts the system proposal, work can start on preparing the system specification. This phase takes the requirements as agreed and the work, which has led up to producing the proposal and develops the system to the level of details necessary to prepare the way for programming. At this point the analysts is concerned with the detail of input and output, the processing required, and the way in which the system will operate on a day-to-day basis. Depending on the level of complexity of the system and the amount and quality of work done at the earlier stages, this phase can take many months of hard work. It is concerned with the computer-oriented design of the system--the detail of the input transactions, the details of the printed reports, screens and other outputs, the file or database structure, the contents of records, the processing required and the efficiency of the system from a computer processing point of view.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Systems analysts start by identifying reports and other outputs the system will produce. Then the specific data on each is pinpointed, including its exact location on the paper, display screen, or other medium. Usually designers sketch the form or display as they expect it to appear when the system is completed.
The system design also describes the data to be input, calculated or stored. Individual data items and calculation procedures are written in detail. Designers select file structures and storage devices, such as magnetic disk, magnetic tape, or even paper files. The procedures they write tell how to process the data and produce the output.
The documents containing the design specifications use different ways to portray the design-- charts, tables, and special symbols--some of which you may have used and others that may be totally new to you. The detailed design information is passed onto the programming staff so that software development can begin.
Designers are responsible for providing programmer with complete and clearly outlines specifications that state what the software should do. As programming starts, designers are available to answer questions, clarify fuzzy areas, and handle problems that can front the programmers when using the design specifications.
A typical system specification will contain:
1. An introduction converting the relevance of the document and how it has evolved from the previous phases.
2. A description of the system. This is usually an outline in a narrative from with accompanying flow charts, procedure charts, and data flow diagrams or data models.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
3. Detailed description of inputs, outputs and files, for example document layouts (input), screen layouts, report layouts, file/record layouts, and database schemes.
4. A description of the control, which operate within the system. This includes control over input and processing, restriction on access (e.g., passwords and control over input and processing, restrictions on access (e.g., passwords and control on output (e.g. numbering of checks) 5. Processing required. This may in fact be handled by specifying generally what watch program in the system is expected to do and by backing this up with individual program specifications issued separately. Arrangements for testing may also be described in this section. 6. Implementation consideration -- arrangements for converting existing files checking parallel runs, production of user procedures and production of computer -related procedures. 7. A detailed development and implementation time-table. This section should list all of the tasks to be done, including individual programs, showing the interrelationship between each task and the planned start and completion date for each task.
8. A back -up plan. This should describe be procedures to be developed for taking security dumps of files, for ensuring system resilience (e.g., duplexing) and for running the system at an alternative site in the event of the computer not being available.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
It is at this stage that the first reliable estimate of the amount of computer programming effort required can be produced. Up to this point the estimates are to a large extent informed guesses and what comes out at the end of this exercise may be quite frightening compared with the previously available estimates. This is a valid reason for ensuring that senior management continues to have an approval role at the conclusion of this stage.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODE EFFICIENCY
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODE EFFICIENCY
The degree to which the software makes optimal use of system resources as indicated by the following sub attributes: time behavior, resource behavior. The efficiency is the amount of computing resources and code required by a program to perform its functions.
A design should clearly be very verifiable, complete (implements all the specification), and traceable (all design elements can be traced to some requirements). However, the two most important properties that concerned designers are efficiency and simplicity. Efficiency of any system is concerned with the proper use of scarce resources by the system. The need for efficiency arises due to cost considerations. If some resources are scarce and expansive, it is desirable that those resources be used efficiently. In computer systems, the resources that are most often considered for efficiency are processors time and memory. An efficient system is one that consumes less processors time and require less memory. In earlier days, the efficient use of CPU and memory was important due to the high cost of hardware. Now that the hardware cost are small compared to the software costs, for many software systems traditional efficiency concerns now take a back seat compared to other consideration. One of the exceptions is real-time system, where there are strict execution time constraints. For example, often the “tricks” used to increase the efficiency of a s ystem result in making the system more complex. Therefore, design decisions frequently involve trade-offs. It is the designers‟ job to recognized the trade–offs and achieve the best balance. For our purposes, simplicity is the primary property of interest, and therefore the objective of
the design process is to produce designs that are simple to understand. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIMIZATION
OF CODE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIMI ZATION OF CODE
The Term “ Code Optimization” refers to techniques a compiler can employ in an attempt to produce a better object language program than the most obvious for a given source program. The primary questions are how beneficial a given optimization is and how much its costs to implement. In some situations it is unnecessary to consider any optimization; a quick and straightforward translation of the source program is sufficient. Typical of this situation is a “student job” which will be run a few times and than discarded. Exactly the opposite is true of a program, which is to be run an indefinitely large number of times. Virtually any amount of time spent improving the running time of the program will be paid back by even a small percentage speedup each time the program is run.
In most cases, however, a program will not run indefinitely without being change and recompile. It is economic therefore to have available an “optimizing” compiler which make well judged attempts to improve the code it produces. It is important that the optimizing compiler attempt transformations that are likely to improve the code with out costing too much time at compilation. The equation to bear in mind is that the running time we expect to save over the expected numbers of run of the optimized object program must exceed the time spent by the compiler doing the optimization. The trend is to make available for each programming language several compilers, or options within one compiler, that spend varying amounts of time
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
improving the code they generate and produce code of increasing quality. In this way the user can decide how much time he wishes to spend optimizing his program.
Code optimization techniques are generally applied after syntax analysis, usually both before and during code generation.
Code optimization depends on the type of application what is writing. In most cases, you will be optimizing small, tight sections of code that are executed frequently (such as loops or frequently called procedures). Code optimization requires a combination of experience, and eye for detail, and a basic understanding of the architecture of the language and how processors work.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
VALIDATION
CHECKS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
VALIDATION CHECKS
Verification and validation (V & V) is the generic name given to the checking processes which ensure that software conforms to its specification and meets the need of the software customer. The system should be verified and validated at each stage of the software process using documents produced during the previous stage. Verification and validation i.e. starts with requirements reviews and continues through design and code reviews to product testing.
Verification involves checking that the program conforms to its specification. Validation involves checking that the program implemented meets the expectations of the software customer. Requirements validation techniques, such as prototyping, help in this respect. However, flaws and deficiency in the requirements can sometimes only be discovered when the system implementation is complete.
To satisfy the objectives of the V & V process, both static and dynamic techniques of system checking and analysis should be used. Static techniques are concerned with the analysis and checking of system representations such as the requirements document. Design diagram and the program source code. They may be applied at all stages of the process through structured reviews. Dynamic techniques or test involve exercising and implementation. Static techniques include program inspections, analysis and formal verification. Some purists have suggested that these techniques should completely replace dynamic techniques in the verification and validation process and that testing is unnecessary. This is nonsense. Static techniques
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
can only check the correspondence between a program and its specification; they cannot demonstrate that the software is operationally useful.
Although static verification techniques are becoming more widely used, program testing is still the predominant verification and validation technique. Testing involves exercising the program using data like the real data processed by the program. The existence of program defects or inadequacies is inferred from unexpected system output. Testing may be carried out during the implementation phase to verify that the software behaves as intended by its designer and after the implementation is complete. This later testing phase checks conformance with requirements and assesses the reliability of the system.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE
What happens during the rest of the software's life: changes, correction, additions, moves to a different computing platform and more. This, the least glamorous and perhaps most important step of all, goes on seemingly forever. After installation phase is completed and the user staff is adjusted to the changes created by the candidate system, evaluation and maintenance begin. The importance of maintenance is to continue to bring the new system to standards. Software maintenance is a task that every development group has to face when the software is delivered to the customer‟s site, installed and is operational. The time spent and effort required keeping software operational after release is very significant and consumes about 40-70% of the cost of the entire life cycle.
The term Maintenance is a little strange when applied to software. In common speech, it means fixing things that break or wear out. In software nothing wears out; it is either wring from beginning, or we decode later that we want to do something different. It is a very broad activity that includes error corrections, enhancements of capabilities, deletion of obsolete capabilities, and optimization.
There are three major categories of software maintenance:
Corrective Maintenance: This refers to modifications initiated by defects in the software. It means repairing processing or performances failures or making changes because of the previously uncorrected problems. A defect can result from design errors, logic errors and coding errors. Design errors occur when, changes made to the software
are incorrect, incomplete, wrongly communicated or the change request is SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
misunderstand. Logic errors result from invalid tests and conclusions, incorrect implementation of design specification, faulty logic flow or incomplete test data. Coding errors are caused by data processing errors and system performances errors.
Adaptive Maintenance: It includes modifying the software to match changes in the ever-changing environment. The term environment in this context refers to the totally of all conditions and influences which act from outside upon the software, for example, business rules, government policies, work patterns, software and hardware operating platforms. This type of maintenance includes any work initiated as a consequence of moving the software to a different hardware or software platform-compiler, operating system or new processor. It means changing the program function.
Perfective
Maintenance:
It
means
improving
processing
efficiency
or
performance, or restructuring the software to improve changeability. When the software becomes useful, the user trend to experiment with the new cases beyond the scope for which it was initially developed. It means enhancing the performance or modifying the programs to respond to user‟s additional or changing needs.
In comparison with all the three maintenance, perfective takes more time and spent more money. Maintenance covers a wide range of activities, including correcting coding and design errors, updating documentation and test data and upgrading user support. Maintenance means restoring something to its original condition unlike hardware, however, software does not wear out, it is corrected. A major problem with software maintenance is its labor-intensive nature. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM TESTING
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM TESTING
It brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment, then checks for errors, bugs and interoperability. Software testing is the process of testing the software product. Effective software testing will contribute to the delivery of higher quality software products, more satisfied users, lower maintenance costs, more accurate, and reliable results. However, ineffective testing will lead to the opposite results; low quality products, unhappy users, increased maintenance costs, unreliable and inaccurate results. Testing is the major quality control measure used during software development. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. It is a very expensive process and consumes one-third to one-half of the cost of a typical development project. It is the process of executing program (or a part of a program) with the intention of finding the errors, however, testing cannot show the absence of errors it can show that errors are present.
“Errors are present within the software under test”. This cannot be the aim of software designers they must have designed the software with the aim of producing it with zero errors. Software testing is becoming increasingly important in the earlier part of the software development life cycle, aiming to discover errors before they are deeply embedded within systems. In the software development life cycle the earlier the errors are discovered and removed, the lower is the cost of their removal. The most damaging errors are those, which are not discovered during the testing process and therefore remain when the system „goes live‟.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The testing requires the developers to find errors from their software. It is very difficult for software developer to point out errors from own creations. A good test is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error. A successful test case unearths an undiscovered error. This implies that testing not only has to uncover errors introduced during coding, but also errors introduced during the previous phases. The goal of testing is to uncover requirement, design, and coding errors in the programs. Different levels of testing are used:
Unit testing: A module is tested separately and is often performed by the coder himself simultaneously along with the coding of the module. The purpose is to exercise the different parts of the modules code to detect coding errors.
Integration Testing: The modules are gradually integrated into subsystems, which are then integrated to eventually from the entire system. Integration testing is performed to detect design errors by focusing on testing the interconnection between modules.
System Testing: After the system is put together, it is performed. The system is tested against the system requirement to see if the entire requirement are met and if the system performs as specified by the requirement. Acceptance Testing: The final stage of initial development, where the software is put into production and runs actual business. It is performed to demonstrate to the client, on the real life data of the client, the operation of the system.
Testing is an extremely critical and time-consuming activity. It requires proper planning of the overall testing process. The test plan specifies conditions that should be tested, different units to be tested, and the manner in which the modules will be
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
integrated together. The final output of the testing phase is the test report and the error report, or a set of such reports (one for each unit tested). The importance of software testing and its implications with respect to S/W Quality cannot be overemphasized. Because of this importance & the large amount of project effort associated with the system development, it becomes quite necessary to become well planned and through testing. Inadequate testing & no-adequate testing lead's to errors that may be costly when they appear months later. Effective testing translates into cost savings from reduced errors & saves a lot of project efforts. It follows major factors that decide the occurrences of errors in a new design from the very early stage of the development. 1. Communication between the user & the designer
This factor is handled by frequently communicating with the finance department and the gate entry. 2. The Time factor for the design
This factor is handled by giving comparatively more time to the designing of the system. Objectives of System Testing
Once a system has been designed, it is necessary to undergo an exhaustive testing before installing the system. This is important because in some cases a small error, not detected and corrected early before installation, may explode into a much large problem later on. Testing is being performed when users are asked to assist in
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
identifying all possible situations. That might arise as regards the factor that efforts were put to tackle the problem under consideration. A plan was decided to be followed for testing the system. The complete testing procedure was divided into several steps, to be performed at different stages. Tests were to be done as follows: -
Testing Criteria
A. White Box Testing
(i) Transaction path Testing
In this phase each and every condition within a unit program were tested. As and when a loop or condition statement was incorporated into a unit the loops were tested for correctness, for foundry conditions and for not getting into infinite execution cycle. The data used was whatever necessary at that instance. The path of each transaction from origin to destination was tested for reliable results.
(ii) Module Testing
This was carried out during the programming stage itself. Individual programs were tested at the time of coding and necessary changes are made there on to make sure that the modules in the form program, is working satisfactory as regards the expected output from the module. All aspects of the program viz. All choices available were properly tested. (iii) String Testing
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
After loading all individual program string was performed for each one of programs where the output generated by one program is used as input by another program. This step was completed after making necessary changes wherever required.
B. Black Box Testing
(i) System Testing
After module and string testing, the systems were tested as a whole system Tests were undertaken to check bundled modules for errors. The errors found in the couple system as a whole was corrected. A testing on the Actual data of the company followed this. During this phase the existing System and this package was running in parallel to enable us to verify and compare the result sets. The following criteria were used while testing the system. (ii) Output Testing
No systems could be useful if it does not produced the required operation for that matter operation in the required format the outputs generated or displayed by the system under consider was tested by asking the format required by them.
(iii) User Acceptance Testing
User acceptance of a system is a key factor for the success of any system. The system under consideration was tested for user acceptance by constantly keeping in touch with the prospected system users at the time of developing and making changes.
Wherever required this was done in regard to the user satisfaction.
Testing Procedure
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Different type of checks like duplicate checks, completeness check, validity, checks etc. are incorporated in this system, as the data has to be entered in different forms. The user is not familiar with new system the data entry screens are designed in such a way that they are Had quick response Easy to use Compatible Consistent
The following conventions are used while designing of the various screens to make the system user friendly
System testing is against its initial objectives, it is done in a simulated environment.
All the items that are logically related are together. Error and validation messages are provided wherever required.
Test Review
Test review is the process, which ensures that testing is carried out, as planned
test review decides whether or not the program is ready to ship out for the
implementation.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
For each data entry screen, we prepared test data with extreme values and under all relevant data- entry screen against real this process helped in rectifying the modules
time.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM SECURITY
MEASURES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SYSTEM SECURITY MEASURES
Security involves both policies and mechanism to protect data and ensure that it is not accessed, altered or deleted without proper authorization. Integrity implies that any properly authorized access, alteration or deletion of the data in the database does not change the validity of the data. Security and integrity though distinct, are related. Implementation of both security and integrity requires that certain controls in the form of constraints must be built in to the system. The DBA, in consultation with the security administration specify these controls. The system enforces the controls by monitoring the actions of the users and limiting their actions with in the constraints for them.
To prevent the dissemination of sensitive information from the data base to unauthorized users and thence to outside competitive or hostile agents, an organization must established effective security policies. Database security policies are guidelines for present and future designers regarding the maintenance of the data base security. Database security mechanisms are the function used to enforced database security policies. These functions could be implemented by a combination of one or more of the following: administrative control procedures, hardware functions, software function, firmware functions. The administrative controls procedures are the implementations of security policies to provide protection, external to the database, operating systems, and computer hardware. An example of such type is that a password to provide for a program be a random string of alphanumeric characters, at least eight in length, and be changed regularly. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The operating system must ensure that files belonging to the database are not used directly without proper authorization. This authorization can consist of the user providing the proper passwords for the file. The operating system must also ensure that illegal users using public communication facilities are not allowed access to the system. Users must be required to use adequate identification and passwords.
The authorization mechanism prepares the user profile for a user and indicates the portion of the database accessible to that user and the mode of access allowed. The enforcement the security policies in the database system require that the system knows the identity of the user making the requests. This in turn requires that before making any request, the user has to identify him / her to the system and authenticate the identification to confirm that the user is in fact the correct person. The simplest and most common authentication scheme used is a password to authenticate the user. The user enters the user name or number and than authenticate himself/herself by the password. Typically, these
identification/authentication steps are used once for the initial sign-on to the system. However, for sensitive data, this step could be repeated for each operation.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
COST ESTIMATION OF THE PROJECT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
COST ESTIMATION OF THE PROJECT
Project estimation and project scheduling are carried out together. However, some cost estimation may be required at an early stage of the project before detailed schedules are drawn up. These estimates may be needed to establish a budget for the project or to set a price for the software for a customer.
Once a project is underway, estimates should be updated regularly. This assist with the planning process and allows the effective use of resources. If actual expenditure is significantly greater than the estimates than the project manager must take some action. This may involve applying for additional resources for the project or modifying the work to be done. There are three parameters involved in computing the total cost of a software development project: Effort cost (The costs of paying software engineers). Travel and training costs Hardware & Software Costs including maintenance
For most projects, the dominant cost is the effort cost. Computers that are powerful enough for software developments are relatively cheep. Although travel costs can be significant where a project is developed at different sites, they are relatively low for most projects. Further more, the use of e-mail; fax and teleconferencing can reduce the travel required.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Effort costs are not simply the cost of the salaries of the software engineers involved in the project. Organization compute effort costs in terms of overhead costs where they take the total cost of running the organization and divide this by the number of productive staff. Therefore, the following cost are all part of the total effort cost:
Costs of providing, cooling and lighting office space;
Costs of support staff such as Accountant, Secretaries, peon and so on;
Costs of networking and communication;
Costs of central facilities such as library, recreational facilities and so on;
Costs of health insurance and so on.
Typically this overhead factor is somewhere around twice the software engineer‟s salary. Therefore, if a software engineers are paid Rs. 2.5 Lakhs per year, the total cost to the organization is Rs 10 Lakhs per year or Rs 83 thousands per month.
If the project has been computed as part of the project bid to a customer, a decision then has to be made about the price quoted to the customer. Classically, price is simply cost plus profit. However, the relationship between the project cost and the price to the customer is not usually so simple.
Software should be carried out objectively with the aim of accurately predicting the cost to the contractor of developing the software. Software pricing must take into account broader organizational, economic, political and business consideration.
A software designer can develop architecture for a new application, system, or product by defining domain architecture and than populating it with structure point.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
These structure points are either individual reusable components or packages of reusable components.
Even though structure point is reusable, their qualification, adaptation, integration, and maintenance cost are nontrivial. Before proceeding with reuse, the project manager must understand the costs associated with the use of structure points.
Since all structure points have a past history, cost data can be collected for each. In an ideal setting, the qualification, adaptation, integration, and maintenance cost associated with each component in a reuse library is maintained for each instance of usage. These data can then be analyzed to develop projected costs for the next instance of reuse.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
PERT CHART
PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT) CHART
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
The chart shows clearly that the project consists of the activities of Analysis, design, front-end coding, back-end coding and report generation. Recall that the previous estimates for these six tasks were, respectively, 20, 20, 45, 45, 30 and 25 days.
The figure shows that the project will start on April 01, 2006. The analysis work will start on April 03, 2006. Since the analysis is estimated to take 20 days, any activity that follows the design may start on April 20, 2006 at the earliest. The dependency arrows help us compute these earliest start dates based on our estimates of the duration of each activity. These dates are shown in the figure. We could also compute the earliest finish dates or latest start dates or latest finish dates, depending on the kind of analysis we want to perform. The chart shows that the path through the project that consists of the design activity is the critical path for the project. Any delay in any activity in this path will cause a delay in the entire project. We will clearly want to monitor the activities on the critical path much more closely than the other activities.
Front end coding
Start
Analysis
Design
Testing
Report Generation
Back end coding Finish
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
GANTT CHART
GANTT CHARTS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
A bar chart is perhaps the simplest form of formal project management. The bar chart (also known as Gantt chart) is used almost exclusively for scheduling purposes and therefore controls only the time dimension of projects.
Gantt chart (developed by Henry L. Gantt) are a project control technique that can be for several purposes, including, budgeting and resource planning. A Gantt chart is a bar chart, with each bar representing an activity. The bars are drawn against a time line. The length of each bar is proportional to the length of time planned for activity.
To prepare the Gantt chart for our project we estimate the number of days required for each of the six task as follows: Analysis, 20; design, 20; Front end coding, 45; Back end coding, 45; testing, 30; and Report generation, 25. Using these estimates, we can draw the Gantt chart.
A Gantt chart helps in scheduling the activities of a project, but it does not help in identifying them. One can begin with activities identified in the work breakdown structure, as we did for the complier example. During the scheduling activity, and also during implementation of the project, new activities may be identified that were not envisioned during the initial planning. The manager must then go back and revise the breakdown structure and the schedules to deal with these new activities.
The Gantt chart in the figure is actually an enhanced version of standard Gantt chart. The write part of the bar shows the length of time each task is estimated to take. They gray shows the slack time, that is, the latest time by which a task must be finished. One way to view the slack time is that, if necessary, we can slide the white area over the gray area without forcing the start of the next activity to be delayed. A bar
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
that is all while, such as that representing the code generator task, has no slack and must be started and completed in the scheduled dates if the schedule is to be maintained. For the figure, we can see that the one task design has no slack. It is this task then determines the total length of time the project is expected to take.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
DATABASE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(a) Student Record:
S. No. Field 1 Student_Name 6. 1 Student_Father‟s_Name 7. 1 Student_Mother‟s_Name 8. 1 Father‟s_Occupation 9. 2 Mother‟s_Occupation
Data Type Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Size 16 16 16 16 16 05 08 02 08 20 30 10 08 02 07 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
0. 2 Student_S.R._Number (Primary) Varchar 1. 2 Student_DOB 2. 2 Student_Sex 3. 2 Student_Caste 4. 2 Student_Photo 5. 2 Student_Address 6. 2 Student_Phone_No. 7. 2 Date_of_Admission 8. 2 Student_Class_No. (Ref. Key) 9. 3 Student_Status 0.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Numeric Text Text Blob Varchar Numeric Numeric Numeric Varchar
(b -i) Fee Structure:
S. No. 7. 8. 9. 1
Field Class_No. Tution_Fee Annual_Fee_Amount Exam_Fee_Amount Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size Constraint 02 Not Null 03 Not Null 03 Null 03 03 04 Null Null Not Null
0. 1 Conveyance_Fee_Amount 1. 1 Total_Fee_Amount 2.
(b –ii) Student Fee:
S. No. Field 1 Student_S.R. No.(F.K.) 6. 1 AnnualFee_Dep_Date 7. 1 Fee_Amount_Paid 8. 1 Balance_Fee 9. 2 TutionFee_DepDate 0. 2 TutionFee_AmountPaid 1. 2 TutionFee_Balance 2. 2 ExamFee_DepositeDate 3. 2 ExamFee_AmountPaid 4.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Data Type Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Size 05 08 04 04 08 04 04 08 04 Constraint Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
2
ExamFee_Balance
Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric Numeric
04 08 04 04 04 04
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
5. 2 ConveyanceFee_DepDate 6. 2 ConveyanceFee_AmtPaid 7. 2 ConveyanceFee_Balance 8. 2 Total_Amount_Paid 9. 3 Total_Amount_Balance 0.
(c) Faculty Profile:
S. No. Field 1 Teacher‟s_Name 7. 1 Teacher‟s_Qualification 8. 1 Teacher‟s_DOB 9. 2 Teacher‟s_Sex 0. 2 Teacher‟s_Photo 1. 2 Teacher‟s_Address 2. 2 Teacher‟s_Phone No. 3. . 2 Teacher‟s_Date of Joining Numeric
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G. Data Type Size Constraint
Varchar Varchar Numeric Varchar Blob Varchar Numeric
20 20 08 02 40 30 10
Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null Null
08
Null
2
Teacher‟s_Salary
Numeric Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar Varchar
04 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Null Null Null Null Null Null Null Null
5. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject1 6. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject2 7. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject3 8. 2 Teacher‟s_Subject4 9. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject5 0. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject6 1. 3 Teacher‟s_Subject7 2.
(d) School Time Table :
S. No.
7. 8. 9. 10 . 11 . 12 .
Subject_Name Subject_Code
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
Total No._of_Periods
Time_ slots
Varchar Varchar Numeric Numeric Varchar Varchar
12 06 02 04 04 12
Not Null Null Null Null Null Null
Class_No._Section
Teacher‟s _Name
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
(e) Examination Result:
S. No.
Field
Data Type
Size
Constraint
8. Student_S.R.No. (Reference Key) Varchar 9. Student_ClassNo. Varchar 1 Student_Name Char 0. 1 Stud_Father‟s_Name 1. 1 Result_Status 2. 1 Result_Year 3. 1 TC_Status 4. (f) Library Management:
S. No.
Field Data Type
04 05 15 15 4 4 1
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Not Null Not Null Not Null
Char Char Numeric Boollean
Size
Constraint
1 Book_Id 0. 1 Book_Title 1. 1 Book_Author 2. 1 Publication 3. 1 Book_Issue
Vanchar Char Char Char Numeric
05 15 15 15 08
Not Null Not Null Not Null Null Null
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
1 Book_Return 5. 1 Book_subject 6. 1 Book_Cost 7. 1 Book_Status 8.
Numeric Vanchar Numeric Char
08 15 04 10
Null Not Null Null Null
FORMS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
mdiform
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmresult
frmfaculty
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmfee
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmfacultysearch
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmstudent
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmstudentsearch
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
SUBJECT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
TITLES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
BOOKS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MEMBERS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
EMPLOYEES
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
OPTIONS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
ISSUE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
RETURN
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
RESERVE BOOK
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MISSING BOOK
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
REPORT FOR PAY FINE
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
FINE BALANCE REPORT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MISSING BOOK REPORT
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODING
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
CODING FOR SCHOOL MANAGEMENT MODULES
frmExamResultAdd - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "ExamResult", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic With rs .AddNew .Fields("SRNo") = Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) .Fields("StudNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("FatherNAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("CLASSno") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("ResultStatus") = Trim(txtResultStatus) .Fields("ResultYear") = Trim(txtResultYear) .Fields("TCStatus") = Trim(txtTcStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY ADDED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultAdd) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) txtResultYear.Text = Format(Date, "yyyy") End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmExamResultDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE con.Execute ("delete from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY DELETED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("StudNAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("FatherNAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASSno") txtResultStatus = r1.Fields("ResultStatus") txtResultYear = r1.Fields("ResultYear") txtTcStatus = r1.Fields("tcstatus") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from EXAMRESULT order by SRNO") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SRNO") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmExamResultUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD IN TO DATABASE Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adL ockOptimistic With rs .Update .Fields("SRNo") = Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) .Fields("StudNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("FatherNAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("CLASSno") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("ResultStatus") = Trim(txtResultStatus) .Fields("ResultYear") = Trim(txtResultYear) .Fields("TCStatus") = Trim(txtTcStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmExamResultUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click()
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("StudNAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("FatherNAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASSno") txtResultStatus = r1.Fields("ResultStatus") txtResultYear = r1.Fields("ResultYear") txtTcStatus = r1.Fields("tcstatus") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from EXAMRESULT order by SRNO") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SRNO") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFacInfoEntry - 1 Option Explicit Dim photoStr As String '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''CODE TO INSERT RECORD '''''''''''''''''''''''' Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "FacultyProfile", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic With rs .AddNew .Fields("id") = Trim(txtFacId.Text) .Fields("TNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("tqualification") = Trim(txtQualification) SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
.Fields("TADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("TDOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("TSEX") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFjoin") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("Salary") = Trim(txtSalary) .Fields("Sub1") = Trim(txtSub1) .Fields("Sub2") = Trim(txtSub2) .Fields("Sub3") = Trim(txtSub3) .Fields("Sub4") = Trim(txtSub4) .Fields("Sub5") = Trim(txtSub5) .Fields("Sub6") = Trim(txtSub6) .Fields("Sub7") = Trim(txtSub7) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY ADDED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmFacInfoEntry) End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo\faculty" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect txtAdmission.Text = Format(Date, "dd-mmyy") End Sub frmFacInfoUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "SELECT * from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
With rs .Update .Fields("TNAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("tqualification") = Trim(txtQualification) .Fields("TADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("TDOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("TSEX") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFjoin") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("Salary") = Trim(txtSalary) .Fields("Sub1") = Trim(txtSub1) .Fields("Sub2") = Trim(txtSub2) .Fields("Sub3") = Trim(txtSub3) .Fields("Sub4") = Trim(txtSub4) .Fields("Sub5") = Trim(txtSub5) .Fields("Sub6") = Trim(txtSub6) .Fields("Sub7") = Trim(txtSub7) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO UPDATE''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmFacInfoUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo\faculty" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("tNAME") txtDOB = r1.Fields("tDOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("tsex") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("photo") txtAddress = r1.Fields("tADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFjoin") txtSalary = r1.Fields("Salary") txtQualification.Text = r1.Fields("TQUALIFICATION") txtSub1 = r1.Fields("sub1") txtSub2 = r1.Fields("sub2") txtSub3 = r1.Fields("sub3") txtSub4 = r1.Fields("sub4") txtSub5 = r1.Fields("sub5") txtSub6 = r1.Fields("sub6") txtSub7 = r1.Fields("sub7") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " frmFacInfoUpdate - 2 Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFacultyDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() con.Execute ("delete from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
MsgBox "Record Deleted" Call clearTxtBox(frmFacultyDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("tNAME") txtDOB = r1.Fields("tDOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("tsex") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) txtAddress = r1.Fields("tADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFjoin") txtSalary = r1.Fields("Salary") txtQualification.Text = r1.Fields("TQUALIFICATION") txtSub1 = r1.Fields("sub1") txtSub2 = r1.Fields("sub2") txtSub3 = r1.Fields("sub3") txtSub4 = r1.Fields("sub4") txtSub5 = r1.Fields("sub5") txtSub6 = r1.Fields("sub6") txtSub7 = r1.Fields("sub7") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Wend r1.Close End Sub frmFeeAdd - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset Dim id, temp As Integer Set r1 = con.Execute("select Max(TrId) from FeePaymentDetail") temp = CInt(r1.GetString) If temp < 1 Then id = 1 Else id = CInt(temp) + 1 End If rs.Open "FeePaymentDetail", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic rs.AddNew rs.Fields("StudNo") = ComSSRNo.Text rs.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") = txtAnnualDate rs.Fields("AnnualFeepaid") = txtAnnualPaid rs.Fields("TutFeeDate") = txtTutionDate rs.Fields("TutFeepaid") = txtTutionPaid rs.Fields("ExamFeeDate") = txtExamDate rs.Fields("ExamFeepaid") = txtExamPaid rs.Fields("ConFeeDate") = txtConDate rs.Fields("ConFeepaid") = txtConPaid rs.Fields("TrId") = id rs.Update rs.Close MsgBox "Updated" Call clearTxtBox(frmFeeAdd) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO"))
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) txtAnnualDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtTutionDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtExamDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") txtConDate = Format(Date, "dd-mm-yy") End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub FrmFeeDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset con.Execute ("DELETE from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") MsgBox "DELETED" Call clearTxtBox(FrmFeeDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) List1.Clear End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME")
txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''LOADING VALUES TO LIST BOX '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Set r1 = con.Execute("select Trid from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") List1.Clear If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "No Transation List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF List1.AddItem r1.Fields("TrId") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub List1_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") txtAnnualDate = r1.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtAnnualPaid = r1.Fields("AnnualFeePaid") txtTutionDate = r1.Fields("TutFeeDate") txtTutionPaid = r1.Fields("TutFeePaid") txtExamDate = r1.Fields("ExamFeeDate") txtExamPaid = r1.Fields("ExamFeePaid") txtConDate = r1.Fields("ConFeeDate") txtConPaid = r1.Fields("ConFeePaid") r1.Close End Sub frmFeeUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic rs.Update rs.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") = txtAnnualDate rs.Fields("AnnualFeepaid") = txtAnnualPaid rs.Fields("TutFeeDate") = txtTutionDate rs.Fields("TutFeepaid") = txtTutionPaid rs.Fields("ExamFeeDate") = txtExamDate rs.Fields("ExamFeepaid") = txtExamPaid rs.Fields("ConFeeDate") = txtConDate rs.Fields("ConFeepaid") = txtConPaid rs.Update rs.Close MsgBox "Updated" Call clearTxtBox(frmFeeUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) List1.Clear End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) r1.Close SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''LOADING VALUES TO LIST BOX '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Set r1 = con.Execute("select Trid from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") List1.Clear If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "No Transation List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF List1.AddItem r1.Fields("TrId") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub List1_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FeepaymentDetail where TrId = '" + Trim(List1.Text) + "'") txtAnnualDate = r1.Fields("AnnualFeeDate") txtAnnualPaid = r1.Fields("AnnualFeePaid") txtTutionDate = r1.Fields("TutFeeDate") txtTutionPaid = r1.Fields("TutFeePaid") SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
txtExamDate = r1.Fields("ExamFeeDate") frmFeeUpdate - 2 txtExamPaid = r1.Fields("ExamFeePaid") txtConDate = r1.Fields("ConFeeDate") txtConPaid = r1.Fields("ConFeePaid") r1.Close End Sub Frmlibrary - 1 Private Sub Command1_Click() Me.Hide OLE1.DoVerb End Sub frmsearchFaculty - 1 Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "SELECT * from facultyprofile where id = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from FacultyProfile order by id") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Faculty List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("id") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
frmStudentDelete - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() con.Execute ("delete from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") MsgBox "Record Deleted" Call clearTxtBox(frmStudentDelete) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtName = r1.Fields("M_NAME") txtFOccup = r1.Fields("F_OCCUPATION") txtMoccup = r1.Fields("M_OCCUPATION") txtDOB = r1.Fields("S_DOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("S_GENDER") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") txtCaste = r1.Fields("CASTE") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) 'txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("PHOTO") txtAddress = r1.Fields("ADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFADMISION") txtStatus = r1.Fields("STATUS") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmStudentSerach - 1 Private Sub Combo1_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "select * from StudentRecord where S_Name = '" & Trim(Combo1.Text) & "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh 'Adodc2.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" 'Adodc2.RecordSource = "select * from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" 'Adodc2.Refresh 'DataGrid2.ReBind 'DataGrid2.Refresh 'Adodc3.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" 'Adodc3.RecordSource = "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" 'Adodc3.Refresh 'DataGrid3.ReBind 'DataGrid3.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True 'DataGrid2.Visible = True 'DataGrid3.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Adodc1.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc1.RecordSource = "select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" & Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) & "'" Adodc1.Refresh DataGrid1.ReBind DataGrid1.Refresh
Adodc2.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn"
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Adodc2.RecordSource = "select * from FeePaymentDetail where StudNo = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc2.Refresh DataGrid2.ReBind DataGrid2.Refresh Adodc3.ConnectionString = "DSN=SmsDsn" Adodc3.RecordSource = "select * from ExamResult where SRNO = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'" Adodc3.Refresh DataGrid3.ReBind DataGrid3.Refresh DataGrid1.Visible = True DataGrid2.Visible = True DataGrid3.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) Call LCVName(Combo1) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("SSR_Number") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub Private Sub LCVName(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by S_Name") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
End If r1.MoveFirst frmStudentSerach 2 While Not r1.EOF Combo1.AddItem r1.Fields("S_Name") r1.MoveNext Wend r1.Close End Sub frmStudentUpdate - 1 Dim r1 As New ADODB.Recordset Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset rs.Open "SELECT * FROM StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'", con, adOpenDyn amic, adLockOptimistic With rs .Update .Fields("S_NAME") = Trim(txtName.Text) .Fields("F_NAME") = Trim(txtFName) .Fields("M_NAME") = Trim(txtName) .Fields("F_OCCUPATION") = Trim(txtFOccup) .Fields("M_OCCUPATION") = Trim(txtMoccup) .Fields("S_DOB") = Trim(txtDOB) .Fields("S_GENDER") = Trim(txtGender) .Fields("CLASS") = Trim(txtClassNo) .Fields("CASTE") = Trim(txtCaste) .Fields("PHOTO") = Trim(txtPhoto.Text) .Fields("ADDRESS") = Trim(txtAddress) .Fields("PHONE") = Trim(txtPhone) .Fields("DATEOFADMISION") = Trim(txtAdmission) .Fields("STATUS") = Trim(txtStatus) .Update .Close End With MsgBox "SUCESSFULLY UPDATED" ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''END OF CODE TO INSERT''''''''''''''''''''''''' Call clearTxtBox(frmStudentUpdate) Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
Private Sub Command2_Click() CommonDialog1.InitDir = "c:\photo" CommonDialog1.Filter = "Picture Files(*.jpg; *.bmp; *.gif;*.jpeg)| *.jpg;*.bmp;*.gif;*.jpeg" CommonDialog1.ShowOpen txtPhoto.Text = CommonDialog1.FileName Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(CommonDialog1.FileName) End Sub Private Sub ComSSRNo_Click() Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord where SSR_Number = '" + Trim(ComSSRNo.Text) + "'") txtName.Text = r1.Fields("S_NAME") txtFName = r1.Fields("F_NAME") txtName = r1.Fields("M_NAME") txtFOccup = r1.Fields("F_OCCUPATION") txtMoccup = r1.Fields("M_OCCUPATION") txtDOB = r1.Fields("S_DOB") txtGender = r1.Fields("S_GENDER") txtClassNo = r1.Fields("CLASS") txtCaste = r1.Fields("CASTE") Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(r1.Fields("PHOTO")) 'txtPhoto.Text = r1.Fields("PHOTO") txtAddress = r1.Fields("ADDRESS") txtPhone = r1.Fields("PHONE") txtAdmission = r1.Fields("DATEOFADMISION") txtStatus = r1.Fields("STATUS") r1.Close End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call connect Call LCV(ComSSRNo) End Sub Private Sub LCV(Combo1 As ComboBox) Combo1.Clear Set r1 = con.Execute("select * from StudentRecord order by SSR_Number") If r1.EOF = True Then MsgBox "Student List Empty " Exit Sub End If r1.MoveFirst SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Preparedby:A.G.
