1_Definition and Measurement of Productivity
Content
Basic Concept in Construction Productivity
Enhancement
Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur
Construction Productivity Centre
[email protected] / [email protected]
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Definition and Measurement of Productivity
Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur
Construction Productivity Centre
[email protected] / [email protected]
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Disclaimer
Important note: Information presented during this sharing session and
all materials in these slides are for the purpose of the sharing only and
NOT meant for any other purposes. If you wish to use the materials for
any purpose, please seek the consent of the Building and Construction
Authority (BCA).
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Presentation overview
1
• Definition of Productivity
2
• Basket of Productivity Indicators
3
• Measurement of Project Productivity
4
• Usefulness of Trade Productivity Data
5
• Builders’ Guide on Measuring Productivity
6
• Case Study
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Outline of this Module
Understand the definition and how to
measure project & trade productivity
Introduction to the electronic
Productivity Submission System
(ePSS)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Definition of Productivity
“A measure of the efficiency of person, machine, factory, system,
etc., in converting inputs into useful outputs.”
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Basket of Productivity Indicators
Level
Indicators
Industry
Value Added Productivity (VAP)
$million of construction output per 1000
foreign workers
Company
VAP
Project
m2 / man-day (floor constructed per man-day)
Trade
m2/man-hour (e.g. area of dry-wall installed)
m/man-hour (e.g. length of wiring or ducting
installed)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Company VAP
Calculator available at
BCA Website
Value Added of a firm includes total remuneration, operating profit before tax,
depreciation, indirect taxes & levies.
Copyright © March 2013 Building and 8Construction Authority
Measurement of Project
Productivity
• Unit: Square meter of floor area completed per
manday
• 1 manday is defined as 1 man working for 8 hours
Total constructed floor area (m2)
Project productivity =
Total number of site workers (mandays)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Trade Level Productivity
At the trade level, the amount of output per labour hour
is measured
Trade Productivity =
Total units of output
Total manhours
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Which Trades To Measure
Manpower used in a building project
Major Trades
Health & Safety
8%
Structural
M&E
15% - 30%
Arch
• Wall
• Tiling
• Painting
• Door
• Window
• Ceiling
M&E
• Electrical system
• Air-conditioning system
• Plumbing system
Structural
35% - 45%
Architectural
25% - 35%
• Formwork installation
• Steel bars fixing
• Concrete placement
Total manpower used for major
trades is about 80%
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Usefulness of trade productivity data
• For builders:
1. To plan their manpower and benchmark their
trade productivity
2. As reference for builders
3. For benchmarking and comparison purposes (e.g.
painting with rollers vs more productive spray
painting)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Builders’ Guide on
Measuring Productivity
• A guide to help builders
measure productivity of
various trades
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Trade productivity monitoring form
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Case Study - Drywall installation
Activity
Description
Location: Blk123 #05-13 (Living
Room)
Area of drywall: 15m2
Floor height: 3m
i. Transporting of materials to location
(exclude crane downtime)
ii. Setting out
iii. Preparation of drywall materials
iv. Installation of drywall
v. Sealing of joints
Manpower
Tradesman: 4 men
Mobile crane operator: 1 man
Safety and health worker: 2 men
Trade Productivity
Time
taken
(manhour)
Total
=
0.67
0.67
4.33
0.33
6.67
Area of drywall installed (m2)
Total time taken (manhour)
=
15 m2
=
6.67 manhour
=
0.67
2.25 m2/manhour
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Thank you
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Enhancement
Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur
Construction Productivity Centre
[email protected] / [email protected]
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Definition and Measurement of Productivity
Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur
Construction Productivity Centre
[email protected] / [email protected]
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Disclaimer
Important note: Information presented during this sharing session and
all materials in these slides are for the purpose of the sharing only and
NOT meant for any other purposes. If you wish to use the materials for
any purpose, please seek the consent of the Building and Construction
Authority (BCA).
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Presentation overview
1
• Definition of Productivity
2
• Basket of Productivity Indicators
3
• Measurement of Project Productivity
4
• Usefulness of Trade Productivity Data
5
• Builders’ Guide on Measuring Productivity
6
• Case Study
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Outline of this Module
Understand the definition and how to
measure project & trade productivity
Introduction to the electronic
Productivity Submission System
(ePSS)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Definition of Productivity
“A measure of the efficiency of person, machine, factory, system,
etc., in converting inputs into useful outputs.”
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Basket of Productivity Indicators
Level
Indicators
Industry
Value Added Productivity (VAP)
$million of construction output per 1000
foreign workers
Company
VAP
Project
m2 / man-day (floor constructed per man-day)
Trade
m2/man-hour (e.g. area of dry-wall installed)
m/man-hour (e.g. length of wiring or ducting
installed)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Company VAP
Calculator available at
BCA Website
Value Added of a firm includes total remuneration, operating profit before tax,
depreciation, indirect taxes & levies.
Copyright © March 2013 Building and 8Construction Authority
Measurement of Project
Productivity
• Unit: Square meter of floor area completed per
manday
• 1 manday is defined as 1 man working for 8 hours
Total constructed floor area (m2)
Project productivity =
Total number of site workers (mandays)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Trade Level Productivity
At the trade level, the amount of output per labour hour
is measured
Trade Productivity =
Total units of output
Total manhours
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Which Trades To Measure
Manpower used in a building project
Major Trades
Health & Safety
8%
Structural
M&E
15% - 30%
Arch
• Wall
• Tiling
• Painting
• Door
• Window
• Ceiling
M&E
• Electrical system
• Air-conditioning system
• Plumbing system
Structural
35% - 45%
Architectural
25% - 35%
• Formwork installation
• Steel bars fixing
• Concrete placement
Total manpower used for major
trades is about 80%
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Usefulness of trade productivity data
• For builders:
1. To plan their manpower and benchmark their
trade productivity
2. As reference for builders
3. For benchmarking and comparison purposes (e.g.
painting with rollers vs more productive spray
painting)
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Builders’ Guide on
Measuring Productivity
• A guide to help builders
measure productivity of
various trades
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Trade productivity monitoring form
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Case Study - Drywall installation
Activity
Description
Location: Blk123 #05-13 (Living
Room)
Area of drywall: 15m2
Floor height: 3m
i. Transporting of materials to location
(exclude crane downtime)
ii. Setting out
iii. Preparation of drywall materials
iv. Installation of drywall
v. Sealing of joints
Manpower
Tradesman: 4 men
Mobile crane operator: 1 man
Safety and health worker: 2 men
Trade Productivity
Time
taken
(manhour)
Total
=
0.67
0.67
4.33
0.33
6.67
Area of drywall installed (m2)
Total time taken (manhour)
=
15 m2
=
6.67 manhour
=
0.67
2.25 m2/manhour
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
Thank you
Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority
