Aircraft Emergency
Content
AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY
OBJECTIVE Learning Outcome 4 Assessment Criteria 4 Describe Types of Aircraft Emergency. 4.1 State the two types of aircraft crash 4.1.1 4.1.2 REFERENCES a. AIRCRAFT Rescue and Fire Fighting Fourth Edition – IFSTA. b. IFSTA 206. c. Manual of Firemanship Part 6b – Practical Firemanship II. Low Impact Crash. High Impact Crash.
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AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY
INTRODUCTION Emergencies and accidents in generally occur anywhere in all times. Do not know where and how to involve people, machinery, vehicles and others. Similarly, aircraft, emergency / accident classified the two conditions, ie a "High Impact Crash 'and ' Low Impact Crash '. LOW IMPACT CRASH Aircraft crashes that do not severely damage or break up the fuselage are likely to have a large percentage of survivors and are generally referred to as low-impact crashes. These types of incidents may involve fuel fires, although non fire incidents are not uncommon. Regardless, the first priority of ARFF personnel is to ensure the safety of occupants and crew. Although fatalities are possible in low-impact crashes, nonfatal injuries of varying degrees are more likely. While occupants are often able to extricate themselves and walk away from low-impact crashes, rescue operations may have to be performed in conjunction with fire suppression efforts if there are trapped and/ or seriously injured occupants.
Figure 1: During a low-impact crash, aircraft such as this one that Landed wheels-up, often stay intact. HIGH IMPACT CRASH Aircraft crashes with severe damage to the fuselage (fuselage disintegration) and with a significantly reduced likelihood of occupant survival are generally referred to as highimpact crashes. At this type of incident, firefighters should see to scene security, protection of evidence, and protection of exposures. By definition, a high-impact crash is an accident in which the fuselage is substantially damaged; the G forces upon the occupants exceed human tolerance levels; or, the seats and safety belts fail to restrain the passengers during the impact. In this situation, an aircraft will often break apart upon impact with the ground or trees (Figure 2). Sometimes, hitting obstructions may cause it to cartwheel. If this happens, the main structural components, such as the wings, tail , and undercarriage, may be torn off and scattered over a wide area in the line of approach. Crew members or occupants may be
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thrown from the aircraft before it comes to rest, so under these conditions, a thorough and wide-ranging search should be carried out for casualties.
Figure 2: Firefighters must be aware of debris from broken rotors. Type of Accident The types of aircraft accidents that are common are as follows: a. Belly Landing. to faulty landing gear. b. Crash Cart Wheel. The aircraft landed with a stomach due
Rolled in an accident with.
Figure 3: Belly Landing
Figure 4: Crash Cart Wheel
c. Nose Dive of High Speed. The plane crashed a crashed or the front of the aircraft fell to the ground / runway during landing or off. d. Mid-Air Collision. Planes collide in the air.
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Figure 5: Nose Dive of High Speed e. f. g.
Figure 6: Mid-Air Collision
Crash Into Hill Site. The plane crashed in the mountains or the hills. Crash onto Building. Crash Into Water. The aircraft hit the buildings or crashed on it. The plane crashed or skidded into the water.
Figure 7: Crash Into Hill Site
Figure 8: Crash onto Building
Figure 9: Crash Into Water
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h.
Helicopter Crash.
Figure 10: Helicopter Crash i. Crash Landing. into things. Accidents such as the crash landing or bumping
Figure 11: Crash Landing Types of Aircraft Emergency Each aircraft will declare an emergency when the flight when the following things happen: a. b. c. d. e. Means of communication problems The failure of one of the aircraft systems work Space objects such as birds entered engines, etc. Damage to landing gear The failure of weapon systems to function after the pilot made shot
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f. g.
canopy break Damage to the electrical system and others.
Figure 12: A plane had to accompany another Figure 13: The aircraft can not be controlled aircraft to land due to electrical system is and crashed into a vehicle due to one damaged or the relationship. damage control systems. CONCLUSION With sufficient knowledge in learning the types of emergency / accident so that firefighters can prepare physically and mentally for emergency / accident and no further action.
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OBJECTIVE Learning Outcome 4 Assessment Criteria 4 Describe Types of Aircraft Emergency. 4.1 State the two types of aircraft crash 4.1.1 4.1.2 REFERENCES a. AIRCRAFT Rescue and Fire Fighting Fourth Edition – IFSTA. b. IFSTA 206. c. Manual of Firemanship Part 6b – Practical Firemanship II. Low Impact Crash. High Impact Crash.
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AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY
INTRODUCTION Emergencies and accidents in generally occur anywhere in all times. Do not know where and how to involve people, machinery, vehicles and others. Similarly, aircraft, emergency / accident classified the two conditions, ie a "High Impact Crash 'and ' Low Impact Crash '. LOW IMPACT CRASH Aircraft crashes that do not severely damage or break up the fuselage are likely to have a large percentage of survivors and are generally referred to as low-impact crashes. These types of incidents may involve fuel fires, although non fire incidents are not uncommon. Regardless, the first priority of ARFF personnel is to ensure the safety of occupants and crew. Although fatalities are possible in low-impact crashes, nonfatal injuries of varying degrees are more likely. While occupants are often able to extricate themselves and walk away from low-impact crashes, rescue operations may have to be performed in conjunction with fire suppression efforts if there are trapped and/ or seriously injured occupants.
Figure 1: During a low-impact crash, aircraft such as this one that Landed wheels-up, often stay intact. HIGH IMPACT CRASH Aircraft crashes with severe damage to the fuselage (fuselage disintegration) and with a significantly reduced likelihood of occupant survival are generally referred to as highimpact crashes. At this type of incident, firefighters should see to scene security, protection of evidence, and protection of exposures. By definition, a high-impact crash is an accident in which the fuselage is substantially damaged; the G forces upon the occupants exceed human tolerance levels; or, the seats and safety belts fail to restrain the passengers during the impact. In this situation, an aircraft will often break apart upon impact with the ground or trees (Figure 2). Sometimes, hitting obstructions may cause it to cartwheel. If this happens, the main structural components, such as the wings, tail , and undercarriage, may be torn off and scattered over a wide area in the line of approach. Crew members or occupants may be
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thrown from the aircraft before it comes to rest, so under these conditions, a thorough and wide-ranging search should be carried out for casualties.
Figure 2: Firefighters must be aware of debris from broken rotors. Type of Accident The types of aircraft accidents that are common are as follows: a. Belly Landing. to faulty landing gear. b. Crash Cart Wheel. The aircraft landed with a stomach due
Rolled in an accident with.
Figure 3: Belly Landing
Figure 4: Crash Cart Wheel
c. Nose Dive of High Speed. The plane crashed a crashed or the front of the aircraft fell to the ground / runway during landing or off. d. Mid-Air Collision. Planes collide in the air.
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Figure 5: Nose Dive of High Speed e. f. g.
Figure 6: Mid-Air Collision
Crash Into Hill Site. The plane crashed in the mountains or the hills. Crash onto Building. Crash Into Water. The aircraft hit the buildings or crashed on it. The plane crashed or skidded into the water.
Figure 7: Crash Into Hill Site
Figure 8: Crash onto Building
Figure 9: Crash Into Water
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h.
Helicopter Crash.
Figure 10: Helicopter Crash i. Crash Landing. into things. Accidents such as the crash landing or bumping
Figure 11: Crash Landing Types of Aircraft Emergency Each aircraft will declare an emergency when the flight when the following things happen: a. b. c. d. e. Means of communication problems The failure of one of the aircraft systems work Space objects such as birds entered engines, etc. Damage to landing gear The failure of weapon systems to function after the pilot made shot
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f. g.
canopy break Damage to the electrical system and others.
Figure 12: A plane had to accompany another Figure 13: The aircraft can not be controlled aircraft to land due to electrical system is and crashed into a vehicle due to one damaged or the relationship. damage control systems. CONCLUSION With sufficient knowledge in learning the types of emergency / accident so that firefighters can prepare physically and mentally for emergency / accident and no further action.
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