AIX Training Course Outline1

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AIX Training Course outline
1. System Administration Concepts o Lecture objectives o Who is the system administrator? o What does the system administrator do? o What a system administrator must know o Using the root login id o Aix configuration files o System security o Lecture summary

2.

The System Management Interface Tool o Lecture objectives o Unix system management -- the old way o Aix system management o The philosophy -- "smit happens" o High level commands o Smit tasks o Smit screens o Smit screen symbols o Smit function keys o The log and script files o The smit graphical user interface o Executing smit o Lecture summary

3.

Managing AIX User Accounts and Groups o Objectives o Lecture objectives o Attributes of a user accounts o Managing aix groups o Passwords

4.

Managing AIX User Accounts and Groups (Cont'd) o Aix user and group management files o The /etc/passwd file o The /etc/security/passwd file o The /etc/group file o The /etc/security/group file o Group administrators o The /etc/security/user file o The /etc/security/limits file o The /etc/security/login.cfg file o User management tasks o Adding a new user o The /usr/lib/security/user.default file o Removing a user o Adding a group o Setting port attributes

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User services Lecture summary

5.

AIX Device Management o Lecture objectives o Aix devices o Aix device management strategy o Device management tasks o The configuration manager (/etc/cfgmgr) o The object data manager o Methods and device states o A word about scsi devices o Device management through smit o Adding devices o Removing a device o Changing a device o Device management commands o Lecture summary

6.

The AIX Queueing System o Lecture objectives o Queueing system concepts o Queue configurations o Components of the aix queueing system o The qdaemon program o The /etc/qconfig file o Backend programs o Adding a printer and queue o Managing queues o Queueing system files o Correcting a configuration problem o Using the queueing system o Specifying the destination queue and printer o Creating a batch queue o Configuring a print server o Configuring a print client o Working with virtual printers o Lecture summary o Additional information

7.

File System Basics o Lecture objectives o File types o Ordinary files o Inodes o Directories o Pathnames -- the big picture o The global file system o Physical file systems o Virtual file systems

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Aix file system device names Mounting file systems Seeing what's mounted The /etc/filesystems file Unmounting file systems Mounting over a non-empty directory The fuser command Listing file systems File system groups Monitoring file system space -- the df command Files that grow Other file system commands Hard links Tracing hard links Symbolic links Additional information Lecture summary

8.

The Journaled File System o Lecture objectives o Features of the journaled file system o The structure of the jfs o Data block access schemes o Jfs control files o The jfs log o Creating a journaled file system o Extending a journaled file system o Removing a journaled file system o Jfs data block fragmentation o Setting the number of inodes o File system defragmentation -- the defragfs command o Additional information o Lecture summary

9.

The Logical Volume Manager o Lecture objectives o The aix disk i/o strategy o Features of the logical volume manager o Physical volumes o Volume groups o Physical partitions o Logical volumes o Logical partitions o An introduction to mirroring o The volume group descriptor area o The rootvg o Adding a physical volume to the system o Creating a volume group o Varying on a volume group o Varying off a volume group o Logical volume strategies o Creating a logical volume

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Additional information Lecture summary

10. AIX Backup and Restore o Lecture objectives o Reasons for doing backups o Types of backups o Tools for backups and restores o Archive files and tape drive attributes o Tape device names o Creating and using a stacked tape o Restoring from a stacked tape o Backing up the root volume group o Restoring from a system image backup o The backup command o Backing up filesystems o Backing up filesystems, cont. o Filesystem backup strategy o Restoring a filesystem o Backing up individual files o Additional information o Lecture summary

11. AIX Backup and Restore o Lecture objectives o The aix boot process o The configuration manager o Run levels o The /etc/inittab file o Start-up shell scripts o The /sbin/rc.boot file o Changing run levels o The init command o Halting the system o The shutdown command o Lecture summary

12. Basic AIX Problem Determination o Lecture objectives o Aix problem determination o The operator panel o The aix boot process o Potential boot problems o The problem solving guide o Booting the system in service mode o Hardware diagnostics o The error log o Error reports o Cleaning the error log o System dumps

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Lecture summary

Part 1:

Courses Contents:
The System Administrator's Role
• •

Role of a Systems Administrator The root login and the su command

Introduction to the P-SERIES
• • • • •

The P-SERIES Product Line RISC Technology MCA and PCI Bus Systems P-SERIES Configurations and Model Types The AIX Operating System

AIX Installation
• • • •

Installation for Classical and PCI Models Console and Language Definitions Other Installation Settings Configuration Assistant Menu

Startup and Shutdown
• • • • • • • • • • • •

RS/6000 Key Positions The Boot Sequence Standalone mode for PCI Systems Booting from Hard Disk for Maintenance Booting from Removable Media The /etc/init Procedure Startup Modes The /etc/inittab file and the rc startup scripts Inittab Commands Using the alog Program System Resource Controller Commands The /etc/shutdown Script

System Management Tools

• • • • • • • •

System Management Commands Using SMIT SMIT Special Characters and Keys Smit.log and smit.script files The smit Command Distributed System Management Visual System Management Web Based System Manager

AIX On-Line Documentation
• • • •

The man Command InfoExplorer Web Based Documentation Browser Setting up the Web Based Browser

Software Installation and Maintenance
• • • • • •

Units of Installation Filesets, Packages and Licensed Program Products Bundles Update and Maintenance Bundles Software States Installing Patches and Fixes

Device Configuration
• • • • •

Introduction to the Object Data Manager Listing Devices Interpreting Location Codes Self-configuring Devices Adding, Changing and Removing Devices

Serial Devices
• • • • • • •

Terminal Attributes Terminal Configuration The stty Command The terminfo Database Adding Printers Exercise: Setting up a Terminal Exercise: Removing and Reconfiguring a Device

Printer Configuration


Printers and Queues

• • • • • • • •

Queuing concepts in AIX Spooling Control Directories The QCONFIG File Managing Print Queues Queue Status Commands Exercise: Adding a Printer and Print Queue Exercise: Requesting and Cancelling Prints Exercise: Removing a Print Queue

Users and Groups
• • • • • • • • • • •

Users and Groups in AIX Administrator Commands Structure of the /etc/passwd File Adding a New User Changing User Characteristics The Configuration Files Passwd and pwdadm Commands Removing a User Adding, Changing and Removing a Group Account Validation Exercise: Adding Users and Groups with Defined Attributes

AIX Security Features
• • • • • • • •

The SECURITY Directory The /etc/security/passwd File The /etc/security/user File The /etc/security/login.cfg File The /etc/security/group File Auditing Files Losing Root User Password Exercise: Implement AIX Security Features

The Logical Volume Manager
• • • • • • • • •

The AIX approach to Disk Storage Volume Groups, Physical Volumes and Logical Volumes Volume Group Descriptor Areas Mirroring Striping Disk Placement Policies Migrating Physical Volume data Useful Commands Exercise: Creating, Extending and Mirroring a Logical Volume

The Journaled Filesystem
• • • • • • • • • •

The AIX Native File System Superblocks and I-nodes Journaling of File System Data Creating a File System Mounting of FileSystems Managing Filesystems The /etc/filesystems File Removing of FileSystems Using the fsck Command Exercise: Creating, Extending and Removing a Filesystem

Paging Space
• • • • • • • •

Define Paging Space Paging Space Location List System memory List Paging Space Monitor Paging Space Usage Calculate Paging Space Requirements Add/Remove Paging Space Exercise: Monitor, Add and Remove Paging Space

Backup and Restore
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Backup Devices mksysb and savevg Commands The backup Command The restore Command Using the cpio Command Using the cpio -o Command Using the find Command with cpio Using the ls command with cpio Using the cat Command with cpio Using the cpio -I Command Using the cpio -p Command Creating a tar Archive Reading/Verifying a tar Archive Restoring from a tar Archive Tape Control Commands Exercise: Use of cpio, tar and backup

Scheduling Jobs


Starting Background Jobs

• • • • • • • • •

The nohup Command Using cron Processes Creating cron Processes Creating crontab Entries Using the crontab Command The at Command Authorisation for the at Command Exercise: Creating a crontab Entry Exercise: Using the at Command

TCP/IP Configuration
• • • • • • • • • •

Define TCP/IP Terminology Define Routing (Static and Dynamic) TCP/IP Commands and Utilities Configure TCP/IP for a Network Interface Configure a Static Route Test Network Connectivity Test Route Connectivity Basic TCP/IP Applications Exercise: Configure TCP/IP Exercise: Use TCP/IP Commands to: o Login to a Remote System o Transfer Files To/From a Remote System

NFS
• • • • • •

Define NFS Terminology Client Side NFS Server Side NFS The /etc/exports file The /etc/filesystems file Exercise: Export a Resourse

Part 2 Introduction to the RS6000 (PSERIES)
• • • • •

Brief History Family History MCA and PCI Bus system Types Symmetrical Multiprocessors Scalable Power Parallel Systems

Object Data Manager
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

ODM Components and Commands Object Classes Descriptor Information Objects Searching The ODM The ODM Database Data Base File Names ODM File Locations cfgmgr And The ODM The Predefined Database Files Predefined Devices Predefined Attributes Customised Devices Customised Attributes ODM Class Usage Additional Device Object Classes Predefined Connection Customised Dependency Customised Device Driver Customised Vital Product Data

System Initialisation
• • • • • • • • • • •



System Startup And The Boot Process The Bootlist And BLV The Boot Logical Volume Repairing The BLV Using Bootlists Boot Problems Service Processors Accessing A System That Will Not Boot Normally Accessing A Volume Group And Starting A Shell Accessing A Volume Group Without Mounting Filesystems The LED Display o Interpreting Flashing LED Codes o Location Codes o Understanding SCSI Addressing o Maintaining Firmware Levels AIX Initialisation o The Three RC Boot Phases o More about the cfgmgr o Boot Problem Management

Disk Management

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Local Volume Manager Review AIX Disk Storage Physical Volume And LVM Volume Group Descriptor Areas Physical And Logical Storage Use Of Logical Volumes Mirroring Stripping Volume Group Limits Alternative Mirroring And Stripping With RAID LVM Data LVM Identifiers VGDA, VGSA And LVCB Control Blocks LVM and The ODM Physical Volumes And The ODM Volume Groups And The ODM Logical Volumes And The ODM LVM Problems In The ODM The rvgrecover Script VGDA And Quorum Forcing a Varyon Mirroring Disk Replacement Techniques Possible Errors After Disk Replacement Exporting And Importing Volume Groups

Backing up Your System
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Using mksysb Creating aSystem Backup mksysb Image Structure Verifying a mksysb Tape Preparing bosinst.data For Unattended Install Cloning Reducing a file System Alternate Disk Installation Installing a mksysb Image On Another Disk Cloning The Running rootvg To Another Disk Removing An Alternate Disk Installation Backing up Non-Root Volume Groups Using savevg Backup From a Split Mirror

Problem Solving Tools


Error Log Facility

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

Error Log Input Components Error Reporting From SMIT The errpt Command Sample Summary/Intermediate/Detailed Report Output Interpreting LVM Error Log Entries Error Log Maintenance Error Notification Facility Notification Methods The syslogd DAEMON Diagnostics The diag Command Working With diag AIX System Dumps

Performance and Workload Management
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Addressing the Problem Understanding The Workload And Bottlenecks Identifying CPU Intensive Tasks Identifying High Priority Processes Monitoring CPU Usage With sar Monitoring Memory Usage With vmstat Monitoring Disk i/o Using iostat The topas Command The tprof Command The svmon Command The filemon Command Workload Management The Performance Diagnostic Tool (PDT) PDT Configuration Menu PDT File Overview The PDT.thresholds File Monitoring Files, Directories And Host Availability

Advanced Security Features
• • • • • • • • • •

The Auditing Subsystem The Configuration Files The Object File The Event File The Config File Using Bin Mode Using Stream Mode The Audit Command Authentication and Access Controls Physical Security

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Path Problems Enhancing Login Security - Login Prompt Enhancing Login Security - Restricted Shell Customised Authentication Methods Two Key Authentication Access Control Lists ACL Keywords And Format The Trusted Computer Base The TCB Components Checking The TCB The sysch.cfg File The tcbck Command - Check Mode Marking Files As Trusted Trusted Communication Path Configuring Trusted Path Communications

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