Ambulance

 

http://www.scribd.com/doc/51448854/Ambulance-trafficcontrollerDOCUMENTS   controllerDOCUMENTS

ABSTRACT This project deals with the control of traffic for an ambulance, it analyses thenumber of vehicles  pass  pa ssin ing g i n every eve ry tr trac ack k i n orde or derr to the th e i ntell nt ell igen ig entt for fo r ex exis isti ting ng traffic light controller and and through GSM it sends message to the user. In the present,it is seen that lot of time is getting wasted due to fixed tim time li lim mit whic which h is fl flex exib ible le inlan inlan es wit h mor e t ra ff ic den sit y a nd al so it is pr obl em fo r  eme rg enc y c ase s li ke ambu ambulance. lance. Due to wastage wastage of time time there may be be loss. Now Now by this this  proj  pr oject ect we can sa save ve time ti me of the th e peo ple pl e b y ccon onti tinu nuou ousl sly y monit mon itor orin ing g t he veh icle ic less pa passi ssi ng on theroad. This monitor ing is done thought 24 hours in a timeslot of 15 to 30 s after ever every y time time slot.The monitoring task is performed by based on the IR sensors. IR Transmitter is placed over the ambulance. IR Receivers placed in four sides of traffic lights.When the vehicle crosses the target locati on the receive r recei ves IR s ignal it will interr interrupt upt the Mic Micro ro ccont ontrol rolle lerr and and it stop stop all all Green Gre en sign signals als and on Red Red sign signals als at thesame thesame time it will on green signal at the ambulan ce s ide to allow the ambulance tomove without waiting in s ignals. After ambulance gone microcontroller  reset andworks in normal f unction. Also these IR pairs linked to the GSM modem sends amess ame ssag agee to th thee us user er abou aboutt the the dens densit ity y of the the traf traffi ficc on resp respec ecte ted d side sides. s.T Title of the project : M i c r o c o n t r o l l e r b a s e d i n t e l l i g e n t a m b u l a n c e traffic controller and Navigation

Introduction This projec project deals w ith corde ontrol of the traffic traeffic anent ambulance, ambulanc e,ting itng analyses analyses thenu thenumbe mberr of and ic less  pa  pass ssin ing g i n tevery eve ry with tr trac ack kthe i n control or derr to th i ntell ntfor ell igen ig t for fo r ex exis isti traffic light controller aveh nd icle sending message to the user. In the present, it is seen thatlot of time is getting wasted due to fixed time limit whi ch is fle xibl e in lanes lan es wit hmore traffic traffic densit density y and also also it is is problem problem for for emergen emergency cy cases cases like like ambulance. Dueto wastage of time there may be loss. Now by this project we can save time of  t he p e o p l e b y c o n t i n u o u s l y m o n i t o r i n g t h e v e h i c l e s p a s s i n g o n t h e r o a d . T h i s monitoring is is done thought thought 24 hours in a timeslot timeslot of 15 to 30 s after after every tim timee slot.The monitoring monitoring task is is performe performed d by based based on the the IR sensors sensors.. IR Transm Transmitter itter is placed pla ced over the ambulan ambu lan ce. IR  Receivers placed in four sides of traffic lights.When the vehicle crosses the target location the rec eive r receive rec eive s IR si signa gnall it wil willl inte interrupt rrupt the M Micro icro controlle controllerr and it it stop all Gree Green n sig signals nals and on on Red signals at thesame time it will on green signal at the ambulance side to allow the ambulance tomove without waiting in signals. After ambulance gone microcontroller reset and wo work rkss in normal function Block diagram for traffic controller by ambulance

 

 

3.2.5 WORKING: The working working of the the circ circuit uit mainly mainly comprise comprisess of four sec sections tions.. T They hey are:1. P o w e r S u p p l y C i r c u i t 2 . C o n t r o l C i r c u i t 3 . I R T r a n s m i t t e r 4 . I R R e c e i v e r 1. Regulated Power Supply :The power supply circuit comprises of a Transformer, Rectifier,Filter (Smoothing) & Regulator. •  The Transformer used is a 12v, 1A step-down transformer which is used for reducing the single phase AC supply of 230v to 12v. This is done so because therectifier which we are using cannot withstand for such high currents and voltages. •  The Rectifier comprises of four diodes which is called as full wave bridgerectifier. A recti fier  is a de vice, which consis ts of diodes , is used for conver ting altern alternati ating ng curren currentt into into dire direct ct curre current. nt. •  The filter section comprises of a Capacitor which is used for reducing theharmonics/ripple content present if any in the circuit after rectification process. Thisis done so because the output of  rectifier is pulsating DC. •  A voltage regulator 

 

is an electr ical regul ator design ed to automati cally maint maintain ain a co const nstant ant vo volta ltage ge lev level. el. 2 . C o n t r o l C i r c u i t : •  The control circuit comprises of a microcontroller , relay driver and LED’s, max232and max232 and GSM. The microcontroller is the heart of the circuit. This takes the inputs andgives the respective output according to the command given to it. •  The input from the controller comes from IR receiver circuit. According to theinput the controller activates the relays through relay driver. And hence for theinformation to be given to the perso n/ambul ance is done by making automat icall y ON of of Lights Lights and sendin sending g a mess messag agee to tthe he respective person about the intensity of traffic through GS •  The message is sent through GSM via ser ial communication i.e.;max232. Thisfollows a  prot  pr otoc ocol ol cal le led d as RS2 32 thro th roug ugh h w hich hi ch se seri ri al commun com mun icat ic atio ion n be betw tween een dev ices ic es is do done ne.. Accordingly as per the intensity of the traffic on respective side ,the GSM modem sends a message to the user. •  When the ambulanc ambulancee is arriving at a signal, the green green light is given aut automatica omaticallyt llyt hr ou gh th e communication between IR transmitter and IR receiver. When thecommunication  betw  be twee een n IR tr tran ansmi smi tter tt er an and d rece re ceive ive r is goin go ing g o n th en th ther eree wi will ll be g r e e n s i g n a l g i v e n automatically is connected to themicrocontroller. 3 . I R T r as a the n s transmitter m i t t e circuit r : •  The supply to the transmitter is given through a 9v battery. •  The transmitter circuit consists of 555 timer and IR transmitter. •  The IR transmitter continuously transmits the rays. •  The 555 timer will be astable mode of operation. 4.IR Receiver: •  The supply to the transmitter is given through a 9v battery. •  The •  receiver circuit consists of 555 timer and IR receiver. The IR receiver continuously checks out for the IR transmitter rays. •  The 555 timer will be monostable mode of operation. •  When these rays are detected by the IR receiver, then the signal is passedto microcontroller and then the controller makes the necessary action to be taken i.e., it will make green lights ON and leaves the traffic of that particular side where ambulance is present.

 

 

 

  Advantages 7272

 

Resi stan ce to exte rna l dist urb ance s such as vib rat ion, inf rar edra edradi diaatio ion, n, ambien ient n noi oisse, and EMI radiation. Reduce the traffic intensity High signaling control Less affect affected ed by target target mater materials ials aand nd surface surfaces, s, and no nott affec affected ted bycolor . Solid Sol id-st -state ate units uni ts have vir tually tua lly unl imit ed, main ten tenanc ancee freelife. fre elife. C Can an de detec tectt small small object objectss over over long operating operating dista distance nces. s.

Reduction in time taken by the user to reach a particular. LIMITATIONS COST BANDWIDTH EFFICIENCY COST COMPLEXITY 7373 Applications Ambulance VIPs vehicl