History
The idea of “utility computing” was coined by MITcomputer scientist and Turing award winner John McCarthy. The concept of cloud computing can be traced in 1960 ‘s. In1964 where author MartinGreenberger pointedout the concept “advanced arithmetical machines of the future”.
Overview
Cloud computing is a complex infrastructure of software, hardware, processing, and storage that is available as a service
Cloud computing platform is a set of Scalable largescale data server clusters, it provide computing and storage services to customers. Cloud computing is a topic on software and distributed computing based on Internet, which means users can access storages and applications froms
Cloud Improvements
Ease of Use
Scalability
Deploy infrastructure with a mouse or API. Do it our self remotely from anywhere anytime. Control your infrastructure with your app. Nothing to purchase and take delivery on. Nothing to buy, Cancel immediately, Change RISK instantly, even operating systems. Throw it out & Rebuild it instantly after testing. Pay for only what you use No need to buy in advance Zero Capital Outlay & No contracts
Risk
Cost
Cloud Enterprises
Public
Cloud Cloud Cloud
Private Hybrid
Public Cloud
A cloud is made available in a payasyou-go manner to the general public. The service being sold is utility computing. Public clouds are owned and operated by third parties. All user share same infrastructure pool with limited configuration, security protections, and availability variances. Public cloud is that they may be larger than an enterprises cloud. It managed and supported by the cloud provider.
Private Cloud
Private clouds are built exclusively for a single enterprise. Datacenters, not available for rental. Aim to address concerns on data security and offer greater control.
On-premise
Private Cloud
Externally
hosted Private Cloud
On-premise Private Cloud
– Internal clouds are hosted within one’s own data center. – more standardized process and protection, but is limited in aspects of size and scalability. – It is best suited for applications which require complete control and configurability of the infrastructure and security. – IT departments would also need to incur the capital and operational costs for the physical resources.
Externally hosted Private Cloud
The provider facilitates an exclusive cloud environment with full guarantee of privacy. It don’t prefer a public cloud due to sharing of physical resources.
Hybrid Cloud
Hybrid Clouds combine both public and private cloud. Service providers can utilize 3rd party Cloud Providers in a full or partial manner. use of 3rd party increasing the flexibility of computing. The ability to augment a private cloud with the resources of a public cloud can used to manage any unexpected surges in workload.
Evolution of Cloud Computing
SaaS Computing Utility Computing Grid Computing
Solving large Offering Network-based
Cloud Computing
Next-Generation
problems with Parallel computing Made mainstream By Global Alliance
computing resources as a metered service Introduced in late 1990s
subscriptions to applications Gained momentum in 2001
Internet computing Next-Generation Data Centers
Cloud Services
Software Platform
as a Service (SaaS) as a Service (Paas) as a Service (Iaas)
Infrastructure
Cloud Services
SaaS, PaaS, IaaS
Three primary models for Cloud Computing have emerged:
SaaS (Software as a Service) Applications, typically available via the browser: • Google Apps • Salesforce.com PaaS (Platform as a Service) Hosted application environment for building and deploying cloud applications: • Salesforce.com • Amazon E2C • Microsoft Azure IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) Utility computing data center providing on demand server resources: • HP Adaptive Infrastructure as a Service • Rackspace • Amazon E2C & S3
SaaS and IaaS are the key cloud capabilities for 80% of customers
Software as a Service (SaaS)
A complete application is offered to the customer, as a service on demand The service runs on the cloud & multiple end users are serviced On the customers‟ side, there is no need for upfront investment in servers or software licenses A single application needs to be hosted & maintained Custom services are combined with 3rd party commercial services via orchestration (SOA) to create new applications Requires investment to build an enabling layer with governance, security and data management functionality Google, Salesforce, Microsoft, Zoho, etc.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Benefits to users
– Reduce expenses: multiple computers, multiple users – Ease of usage: easy installation, access everywhere
Benefits to providers
– Easier to maintain – Control usage (no illegal copies)
SaaS will disrupt the application management functions for both internal IT and outsourcers
Platform as a Service (Paas)
Applications are built in the “cloud” on the platform using a variety of technologies Development, testing, and production environments (servers, storage, bandwidth, etc.) are billed monthly like hosting. Environments scale up & down at the click of a button & Concerns include code & data privacy, security and scalability The customer has the freedom to build his own applications, which run on the provider‟s infrastructure A predefined combination of OS and application servers (Linux, Apache, MySql and PHP), restricted J2EE, Ruby etc, Example Google‟s App Engine, Force.com, etc…
Platform as a Service (Paas)
Benefits
Pay-as-you-go for development, test, and production environments. Elimination of H/W dependencies and capacity concerns. Inherent scalability & Simplified deployment model.
PaaS will disrupt the application development and management functions for internal IT
Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)
The customer would typically deploy his own software on the infrastructure basic storage and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network Servers, storage systems, networking equipment, data centre space etc. are pooled and made available to handle workloads examples are Amazon, GoGrid, 3 Tera, etc Able to provide from single server up to entire data centers Infrastructure scales up and down quickly to meet demand
Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)
Benefits
Reduced cost driven by – Less hardware – Less floor space from smaller hardware footprint – Higher level of automation from fewer administrators – Lower power consumption Able to match consumption to demand
IaaS will disrupt the infrastructure management functions for both internal IT and outsourcers
SaaS
How do SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS compare?
Easy first step to adopt alternative desktop office application Requires nothing more than a credit card to start Will drive home the SOA value proposition
– – –
PaaS
• • Aimed primarily small & new companies but model apply to all Large companies will benefit as services scale up and model is driven into internal software development tools and processes
IaaS
• • • Galvanizing approach to Utility Computing to drive high ROA Overflow to external provider to avoid cap-ex to meet peaks Longer term play due to immature tools and resistance to change
Cloud Computing Reference Architecture
SaaS Cloud System Mgmt
Application Management Data Management Service Level Mgmt Support Billing & Metering Security
Clients
Browser Client
Security
Mobile Device Remote Security Platform Management
PaaS Cloud
Provisioning Service Level Mgmt Billing & Metering Support
Service Level Mgmt
AAA
Applications
Profiles Transaction Batch Productivity Real Time PaaS
Identity Mgmt
Health Monitoring
Services
Directory Orchestration Service Monitoring Service Management
illusion of infinite computing resources The elimination of an up-front commitment by users The ability to use and pay on demand
Cloud Computing vs P2P?
– Both take advantage of remote resources – P2P: does not use clouds (datacenters), peers do not get paid, lower reliability
Cloud Computing vs Grid Computing?
– Both use clouds – Grid Computing requires commitment, share based on common interests. Not public cloud
Cloud Computing Benefits
Reduced Cost – The infrastructure is not purchased thus lowering maintenance. – Initial expense and recurring expenses are much lower than traditional computing. Increased Storage – Cloud providers today, storage & maintenance of large volumes of data is a reality. – workload spikes are also managed effectively, efficiently & it can scale dynamically. Flexibility – More rapidly, to changing business conditions, speed to deliver is critical. – Cloud computing stresses on getting applications to market very quickly. – Using the most appropriate building blocks necessary for deployment.
Cloud Computing Challenges
Data Protection
– Data Security is a crucial element that warrants security. – They fear losing data to competition and the data confidentiality of consumers. – the existing models, firewalls across data centers (owned by enterprises) protect this sensitive information. – Service providers are responsible for maintaining data security and enterprises.
Cloud Computing Challenges
Data
Recovery and Availability
– Appropriate clustering and Fail over – Data Replication – System monitoring (Transactions monitoring, logs monitoring and others) – Maintenance (Runtime Governance) – Disaster recovery – Capacity and performance management
Cloud Computing Challenges
Data
Recovery and Availability
– Appropriate clustering and Fail over – Data Replication – System monitoring (Transactions monitoring, logs monitoring and others) – Maintenance (Runtime Governance) – Disaster recovery – Capacity and performance management
Cloud Computing Challenges
Data
Transfer Bottlenecks
– In data transfer bottlenecks problems are easily occur. – Fastest way to transfer large data: send the disks
– Many applications are proprietary, slow, soloed & exhibit single points of failure but are too expensive to remand
What is the Cloud Computing opportunity?
Next
evolutionary step in computing with >30yrs of momentum Requires a new way of thinking, new processes, new skills, and new tools Enables the business to work around IT departments who are seen as part of the problem Companies will reduce IT operating costs and improve agility Client should investigate cloud strategies with their systems management, application and outsourcing vendors