Computer Networks and Communications 3
Content
SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN JENGKA DUA
THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS & COMMUNICATION
Nama: Piliy Apishah Binti Saiful No. IC: 950424-06-5676 Nama Guru: Mohd Zanman Bin Che Othman
1.0 Introduction
Mobile Computing is an umbrella term used to describe technologies that enable people to access network services anyplace, anytime, and anywhere. Ubiquitous computing and nomadic computing are synonymous with mobile computing. Information access via a mobile device is plagued by low available bandwidth, poor connection maintenance, poor security, and addressing problems. Unlike their wired counterparts, design of software for mobile devices must consider resource limitation, battery power and display size. Consequently, new hardware and software techniques must be developed. For example, applications need to be highly optimized for space, in order to fit in the limited memory on the mobile devices. For Internet enabled devices, the good old TCP/IP stack cannot be used; it takes too much space and is not optimized for minimal power consumption. Given the plethora of cellular technologies that have emerged in such a market, it becomes extremely difficult to provide support for inter-device communication
2.0 Mobile Computing 2.1 Definition
Mobile computing is a generic term used to refer to a variety of devices that allow people to access data and information from where ever they are. Also known as mobile device. Examples: Mobile computing can use cell phone connections to make phone calls as well as connecting to the Internet.
2.2 Specification, services & frequencies of Mobile Computing. Mobile Computing PDA, HD PSP SPECIFICATION 1.Low bandwith. 2.High bandwith variability. 3.Hidden terminal. 4.Low power machines. 5.Low resources machines 6.need proximity 7.higher delay 8.disconnected operation 9.enable anywhere/anytime connentivity. 10.Enable new application. •Low power machines •enable anywhere •low resources machines
PDA Mobile Phone Windows Mobile 6.0 Mac
SERVICES 1.Emergency services(messaging & calling) 2.stock information.Collection/control 3.Credit card verification. 4.Taxi/truck dispatch. 5.Electronic mail/paging •games
PSP
FREQUENCIES •EGSM 900/1800/1900 •UMTS 2100 •none
3.0 Internet Technology and Services 3.1 VOIP
(Voice Over IP) A telephone service that uses the Internet as a global telephone network. Many companies, including Vonage, 8×8 and AT&T (CallVantage), typically offer calling within the country for a fixed fee and a low per-minute charge for international. Broadband Internet access (cable or DSL) is required, and regular house phones plug into an analog telephone adapter (ATA) provided by the company or purchased from a third party.
3.2 BLOG
A blog is a lot like a journal except it is generally intended to be read by others. The topics for blogs vary greatly; some being about day to day activities and others taking a more corporate or political slant. There is no defined or widely accepted format and so blogs range from one liners that the author adds every few hours to relatively long, well thought out arguments for or against a topic of interest.
4.0 Types of network PAN, VPN, WLAN, AND WIMAX 4.1 PAN
A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants) close to one person. The devices may or may not belong to the person in question. The reach of a PAN is typically a few meters. PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves (intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an uplink). Personal area networks may be wired with computer buses such as USB and
FireWire. A wireless personal area network (WPAN) can also be made possible with network technologies such as IrDA and Bluetooth.
PAN network 4.2 VPN
Short for (Virtual Private Network), VPN is a type of network that allows a user to connect to a network through a tunneling protocol and access internal internet and intranet web sites and e-mail. Virtual Private Networks are commonly used to allow an employee with a large company to connect to the company’s intranet
4.3 WLAN
A wireless LAN (or WLAN, for Wireless Local Area Network, sometimes referred to as LAWN, for local area wireless network) is one in which a mobile user can connect to a local area network (LAN) through a wireless (radio) connection. The IEEE 802.11 group of standards specify the technologies for wireless LANs. 802.11 standards use the Ethernet
protocol and CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance) for path sharing and include an encryption method, the Wired Equivalent Privacy algorithm. A personal area network
4.4 WIMAX
WiMax is the industry term for a long-range wireless networking standard. WiMax technology has the potential to deliver high-speed Internet access to rural areas and other locations not serviced by cable or DSL technology. WiMax also offers an alternative to satellite Internet services.WiMax technology is based on the IEEE 802.16 WAN communications standard. WiMax signals can function over a distance of several miles / kilometers. Data rates for WiMax can reach up to 75 megabits per second (Mb/s). A number of wireless signaling options exist ranging anywhere from the 2 GHz range up to 66 GHz.PAN network.
5.0 Conclusion
The latest development in networks and communication brings more useful to IT user which can makes lifes way easier in networking and communicate.
6.0 Reference Book
Shelly Cashman,SVermat (2004),Thomson Course Technology, Discovery Computer.
Internet
• http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070629052817AASZjbY • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_Internet_Protocol • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Area_Network • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN • http://www.mariosalexandrou.com/definition/wimax.asp
THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS & COMMUNICATION
Nama: Piliy Apishah Binti Saiful No. IC: 950424-06-5676 Nama Guru: Mohd Zanman Bin Che Othman
1.0 Introduction
Mobile Computing is an umbrella term used to describe technologies that enable people to access network services anyplace, anytime, and anywhere. Ubiquitous computing and nomadic computing are synonymous with mobile computing. Information access via a mobile device is plagued by low available bandwidth, poor connection maintenance, poor security, and addressing problems. Unlike their wired counterparts, design of software for mobile devices must consider resource limitation, battery power and display size. Consequently, new hardware and software techniques must be developed. For example, applications need to be highly optimized for space, in order to fit in the limited memory on the mobile devices. For Internet enabled devices, the good old TCP/IP stack cannot be used; it takes too much space and is not optimized for minimal power consumption. Given the plethora of cellular technologies that have emerged in such a market, it becomes extremely difficult to provide support for inter-device communication
2.0 Mobile Computing 2.1 Definition
Mobile computing is a generic term used to refer to a variety of devices that allow people to access data and information from where ever they are. Also known as mobile device. Examples: Mobile computing can use cell phone connections to make phone calls as well as connecting to the Internet.
2.2 Specification, services & frequencies of Mobile Computing. Mobile Computing PDA, HD PSP SPECIFICATION 1.Low bandwith. 2.High bandwith variability. 3.Hidden terminal. 4.Low power machines. 5.Low resources machines 6.need proximity 7.higher delay 8.disconnected operation 9.enable anywhere/anytime connentivity. 10.Enable new application. •Low power machines •enable anywhere •low resources machines
PDA Mobile Phone Windows Mobile 6.0 Mac
SERVICES 1.Emergency services(messaging & calling) 2.stock information.Collection/control 3.Credit card verification. 4.Taxi/truck dispatch. 5.Electronic mail/paging •games
PSP
FREQUENCIES •EGSM 900/1800/1900 •UMTS 2100 •none
3.0 Internet Technology and Services 3.1 VOIP
(Voice Over IP) A telephone service that uses the Internet as a global telephone network. Many companies, including Vonage, 8×8 and AT&T (CallVantage), typically offer calling within the country for a fixed fee and a low per-minute charge for international. Broadband Internet access (cable or DSL) is required, and regular house phones plug into an analog telephone adapter (ATA) provided by the company or purchased from a third party.
3.2 BLOG
A blog is a lot like a journal except it is generally intended to be read by others. The topics for blogs vary greatly; some being about day to day activities and others taking a more corporate or political slant. There is no defined or widely accepted format and so blogs range from one liners that the author adds every few hours to relatively long, well thought out arguments for or against a topic of interest.
4.0 Types of network PAN, VPN, WLAN, AND WIMAX 4.1 PAN
A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants) close to one person. The devices may or may not belong to the person in question. The reach of a PAN is typically a few meters. PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves (intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an uplink). Personal area networks may be wired with computer buses such as USB and
FireWire. A wireless personal area network (WPAN) can also be made possible with network technologies such as IrDA and Bluetooth.
PAN network 4.2 VPN
Short for (Virtual Private Network), VPN is a type of network that allows a user to connect to a network through a tunneling protocol and access internal internet and intranet web sites and e-mail. Virtual Private Networks are commonly used to allow an employee with a large company to connect to the company’s intranet
4.3 WLAN
A wireless LAN (or WLAN, for Wireless Local Area Network, sometimes referred to as LAWN, for local area wireless network) is one in which a mobile user can connect to a local area network (LAN) through a wireless (radio) connection. The IEEE 802.11 group of standards specify the technologies for wireless LANs. 802.11 standards use the Ethernet
protocol and CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance) for path sharing and include an encryption method, the Wired Equivalent Privacy algorithm. A personal area network
4.4 WIMAX
WiMax is the industry term for a long-range wireless networking standard. WiMax technology has the potential to deliver high-speed Internet access to rural areas and other locations not serviced by cable or DSL technology. WiMax also offers an alternative to satellite Internet services.WiMax technology is based on the IEEE 802.16 WAN communications standard. WiMax signals can function over a distance of several miles / kilometers. Data rates for WiMax can reach up to 75 megabits per second (Mb/s). A number of wireless signaling options exist ranging anywhere from the 2 GHz range up to 66 GHz.PAN network.
5.0 Conclusion
The latest development in networks and communication brings more useful to IT user which can makes lifes way easier in networking and communicate.
6.0 Reference Book
Shelly Cashman,SVermat (2004),Thomson Course Technology, Discovery Computer.
Internet
• http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070629052817AASZjbY • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_Internet_Protocol • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Area_Network • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN • http://www.mariosalexandrou.com/definition/wimax.asp
