Connectivity Wireless - Distributed Antenna Systems

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Distributed Antenna Systems
(DAS)

Agenda
• About
Ab t th
the S
Speaker:
k C
Connectivity
ti it Wireless
Wi l
• Market Drivers
– Cellular and wireless data growth/usage trends
– Public Safety Communication mandates
– DAS market

• Distributed Antenna System (DAS) Basics
• DAS Deployment Process

Connectivity Wireless – Leader in DAS deployments


Headquartered in Atlanta, GA



Degreed engineering resources in regional markets
East

Midwest

Northeast

West

Southeast

Southwest



More than 100 employees and aggressively growing



More than 1,700 in-building DAS installations in 48 states



L d iin 2G
Leader
2G, 3G and
d 4G DAS iinstallations
ll i



Company founded by leaders in carrier organizations



300+ years of DAS installation experience



Total turnkey solution provider with neutral host expertise



Strong carrier and channel relationships

First, what is a DAS?
A Distributed Antenna System or DAS, is a network of
spatially separated antennas connected to a transport
medium – typically coax or fiber-optic cable -- that provides
wireless
i l
service
i within
ithi a b
building
ildi or structure.
t t
The DAS can be driven by a direct connection to a radio
base station or an “off
off-air
air” repeater/signal booster
booster.
More on this latter…

Market Drivers

DAS Market in 2000 – That was then…


Wireless services primarily limited to voice



In-building expectations were low among commercial customers



Coverage was a “carrier problem”



No enterprise budget for DAS



Customers looked to their primary carrier for coverage



Customers accepted carrier terms in exchange for DAS



Fiber DAS technology was new and single-carrier



Carriers were the main purchasers of DAS systems

DAS Market Drivers

1




Mobile Data and Cellular Growth

70% of mobile calls originating indoors, reliable wireless
communication is a must-have productivity tool
Smartphones and air cards
Data revenue and usage growth
– VZW 2Q2009 data revenue up 52.6% to $3.9B
– AT&T 2Q2009 data revenue up 37% to $3.4B – (108B text
messages)




Wireless data revenue 28% of total wireless
Wireless data drives demand for in-building cellular across the
board

4G

DAS Market drivers

2







Mandates for radio service for Public Safety
Mandates for radio service for Public Safety

Since 9/11, renewed focus on fail-proof emergency
communications, especially for first-responders
700 & 800 MHz bands allocated for Fire and Police
Indoor Cellular/PCS service required for E911 location
ICC & NFPA 72 codes describe first-responder coverage specs
150+ local municipalities now mandate public safety coverage
inside large buildings for new and existing venues
Hundreds of thousands of wireless 911 calls made daily
(CTIA Wireless
Wi l
Semi-Annual
S iA
lS
Survey, JJuly
l 2009)

Market Evolution
Product Need
Product Need

Single‐Carrier Solutions
Single‐Carrier Solutions           Multi‐Carrier Solutions
Multi‐Carrier Solutions

Bandwidth

Buyers

Narrowband

Wireless Carriers
Wireless Carriers     

Yesterday

Today

Broadband

Enterprise

Tomorrow

DAS Going Mainstream

DAS Marketplace
Low‐voltage
Service
Evolution

Voice / Data / Video / Security / Wi‐Fi
Voice   /   Data   /   Video   /  Security   /  Wi
Fi / DAS 
DAS

DAS Supplier
Evolution

Radio Dealers / VARs / Elec Contractors & Integrators

Yesterday

Today

Tomorrow

The Players in the DAS Ecosystem

End‐user
Customer

Who Needs a DAS ?

Common DAS Venues











Corporate offices (Fortune 500)
Multi-tenant high-rise buildings
University campuses
Hospitals / Health Care facilities
Manufacturing facilities
Upscale hotels and high-rise condos
Casinos
Stadiums / Sports Venues
Convention centers
Federal/local Government facilities

Low E Glass
Low E Glass reflects 
or absorbs IR light 
(heat energy) AND
(heat energy) AND
radio waves, causing 
major in‐building 
wireless coverage 
problems.

Wireless Drivers in Healthcare


Mobile Workforce: doctors, patients, and visitors expect
mobile p
phones to work throughout
g
the hospital
p
and rely
y on
the Cellular/PCS WAN network for data services



Emergency Services: Police, Fire and EMS need their
radios to work in all areas of the hospital.



Family members in hospital and waiting rooms need to
communicate frequently to friends and family back home
via mobile devices



Enhancing coverage of paging and the private 2-way radio
network



Traditional business and data applications are going
wireless

Wireless Drivers in Higher Education


First-responders need reliable 2-way radio
coverage
g in all buildings,
g , tunnels,, basements,, etc.



Student and faculty multi-carrier cell phone
coverage is a matter of convenience and safety



Demand for coverage in sport stadiums



Parents – want instant access to their kids



Students use wireless as primary mode of voice
and data communications



Colleges/universities are decommissioning land
lines in dorms and buildings



Universities are using email / websites to
communicate with students and faculty

Wireless Drivers in Hospitality


Unlike a university or hospital, hotel and casino
customers can stay/go
y g elsewhere if they
y experience
p
poor cellular coverage



Travelers reliant on smart phones and data cards



Customer satisfaction and retention is driving DAS in
the hospitality sector



A meeting planner that books a conference at a hotel
with poor cellular coverage will only make that mistake
once



Resort properties: how may people turn-off their
BlackBerrys when they’re on a short vacation? What
corner of the property gets coverage?



Similar to higher-education, hotel Wi-Fi deployment is
likely a leading indicator for future DAS deployments

Wireless Drivers in Public Venues


Stadiums, conference centers, malls and public
transportation
p
hubs have too many
y users trying
y g
to access the wireless network simultaneously



Large concentrations of people causes poor
service, dropped calls



Density of users affects venue directly AND
wireless coverage and capacity in the
surrounding areas



Wireless network must support Public Safety and
communications for security personnel



Local codes

In-Building Basics

How It Works – Single Site
Donor
Antenna
Coverage
Antennas

Coax

Public Safety
Donor Site

Coax
Cabling
Fiber Distribution
Remote Unit

Fiber
Distribution
Head- End
Equipment

Bi-directional
Amplifier or Repeater
Fiber
Cabling

Head-End
Equipment Room

Cellular
Signal
Source

DAS in multi-site or Campus setting
Donor
Antenna

Coax
Cabling

Fiber
Cabling
Fiber R
Fib
Remote
t U
Units
it
or Expansion Hubs

Fiber Links

H dE d
Head-End
Equipment Room

The Deployment Process

The Connectivity Wireless Solution

Coverage Needs Analysis

Coverage Needs Analysis


Key measurements that demonstrate signal quality
– RSSI / Received Signal Strength Indicator
• Measured in dBm
• -85 dBm is the typical threshold
• Lower dBm ( e.g. -95 dBm) = lower signal

– RF Q
Quality
lit
• Typically a Signal to Noise based ratio – Ec/Io, SQE, C/I
• Thresholds vary per service provider
• Noisy room example (high rise)

– Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) for Public Safety
• Typical specification requires levels of DAQ 3.4 by definition is:
Speech understandable without repetition. Some noise or distortion present.

– Bit Error Rate / Ratio (BER) for Public Safety
• Also a Signal to Noise based ratio – Eb/No

Coverage Needs Analysis

Site Survey

Site Survey
Installation/Donor Signal Assessment









Dominant Server Analysis – measure strength (RSSI) & quality (Ec/Io,
(Ec/Io C/I,
C/I SQE) of
donor signal(s) to determine ideal RF donor sites
Spectrum Snapshots – identify potential interference and noise floor design
considerations
In-Building Transmitter Tests (When Warranted) – analyze complex RF
environment path losses using Praxsym transmitters and Anritsu spectrum analyzers
Installation Considerations & Pictures – document key equipment locations,
installation concerns, and notes directly on the building floor plans for easy reference
and design translation
Code & Safety Documentation – maintain client, industry & government safety
regulations
Scope Confirmation – confirm end user expectations match customer scope
Site Survey Package (A la carte) - includes documentation of the preceding
information

Site Survey


Scope of Project
– Floors and Square Footage
– Service Providers
– Building
B ildi Environment
E i
t (dense,
(d
open floor,
fl
etc)
t )



Floor Plans
– Updated,
Updated accurate,
accurate interior walling



Rooftop signal strength
– Phones and Spectrum Analyzer readings

Site Survey: Additional Questions


Existing RF systems currently deployed



Roof Mount Area & access



Head-End Equipment Room



Power and Wall Space



MDF and IDF locations



Type of cable – fire vs. plenum



Public Safety – frequency list

In-Building Design

Design


iBwave (RF-Vu + RF-Propagation) – Industry standard software that
predicts wireless coverage for all major wireless technologies (iDEN
(iDEN, CDMA
CDMA,
GSM, WiMAX, 802.11b/g/a) for a variety of DAS technologies used to
produce:
– Design Drawings are highly detailed & accurate depiction of equipment
placement including riser diagrams and floor by floor layouts
– “Heat” Maps are color coded representation of predicted received RF levels



Bill of Materials Development – determining accurate material quantities
and types based upon technical requirements and cost



Design Package – Scope of Work, Bill of Materials, Link Budgets & Design
Drawings

Design


We know the scope, carriers, and donor signals
– Now what?



Type of DAS
– Coax , CAT6 or Fiber



Head End Location



E i
Equipment
t manufacturers
f t
– Andrew, LGC, Mobile Access and SOLiD

Design: Typical Frequency Bands & Technologies


AT&T: 850/1900 MHz

GSM and UMTS/WCDMA



Verizon: 700/850/1900 MHz

LTE,CDMA and EVDO



Nextel: 800/900 MHz

iDEN/SMR



Sprint PCS: 1900 MHz

CDMA and EVDO



T-Mobile:
T
Mobile: 1900/2100 MHz

GSM and AWS



Public Safety: VHF(150-174MHz), UHF(450-470MHz), 700/800 MHz



Federal Government: VHF & UHF

Design

Design

Design

Design

Installation

Installation: How Connectivity Does It


Install In-Building Distributed Antenna Systems of All
Sizes (5k - > 5M ft2)



Offer Turn-Key or Stand-Alone Installation Services



g Standardized Installations Nationwide
Manage



Provide On-Site Project Management for Each
Installation



Maintain
M
i t i “P
“Professionalism
f
i
li
iis P
Paramountt tto
Connectivity” Motto



Create As-Built Documentation for Each Project



CWS partners with preferred contractors for
install

Commissioning

Commissioning
Commissioning Services
– Coaxial Cable and Fiber Testing
• Coaxial Cable Sweeps
• Fiber OTDR Results

– Active Component Commissioning
• Bi-Directional Amplifier
p
((BDA)) Set-Up
p
• Fiber DAS Commissioning (ADC, Andrew,
SOLiD)
• Measure and Record RF Input/Output
L
Levels
l ffor All A
Active
ti and
d passive
i DAS
Components

– Customer Defined “Checklists”

Maintenance

Maintenance Services


Preventive Maintenance Routines








Quarterly, Semi-Annual, or Annual
Cable Sweeps and OTDR testing
Comparison of baseline RF to current RF environment
Equipment inventorying and labeling
U d t as-built
Update
b ilt documentation
d
t ti

Response & Repair
– 24x7x365
– Customized SLAs and Maintenance Contracts
– Regular Updates




Ticket received, in-route, on-site, problem isolated, problem fixed

System
y
Monitoring
g






Monitor In-Building DAS elements from all vendors
System impairment communication management
Personnel dispatch
24x7x365
Customized Monitoring Contracts

Carrier Coordination

Carrier Coordination


Necessary to obtain permission from wireless service providers



Purchased frequencies from FCC/US Government



Re-transmission agreements
– Repeaters or microcell/base station



Potential RF issues generated
– Noise
N i flfloor, oscillation,
ill ti
ffrequency-specific,
ifi etc
t



Carrier monitoring/database



Coexisting with Public Safety systems

Thank You
Warren Wiggins
National Sales Manager
678.751.1036
[email protected]

Bill Everts
Regional Sales Manager
630.235.0785
beverts.connectivitywireless.com

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