crime
Content
Note: This outline was prepared for Criminal Law (DeWolf, Gonzaga Law School), Fall 2004. It attempts to provide a visual supplement to the text. It is not intended to be complete, or to substitute for the the more careful discussion contained in the text. text.
CRIMINAL LAW: A VISUAL OUTLINE Ch. 2 Purposes and Principles
Ch. 3
Culpability Actus Reus
2. Principles of Crim. Crim. Punishment
What to Punish? 3. Sources of Crim. Law 4. Constitutional Constitutional Limits Limits
Ch. 7
Elements of The Significance Group Just Punishment of Resulting Harm Criminality 15. Concurrence of Elements
Purposes of Punishment
Ch. 6
Causation 14. Causation
8. Actus Reus
Mens Rea 10. Mens Rea 11. Strict Liability 12. Mistakes of Fact 13. Mistakes of Law
Proportionality
Attempt 27. Attempt 28. Solicitation
Complicity 30. Complicity
Conspiracy 29. Conspiracy
Ch. 8
Chap's 4 & 5
Justification & Excuse
Specific Crimes
16. Defenses Generally
Justification 17. Justification 18. Self-Defense 19. Defense of Others 20. Defense of Property 21. Law Enforcement 22. Necessity
5. Legality
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, AM, Page 1
31. Homicide
Rape 33. Rape
Theft Excuse
6. Proportionality
Legality
Homicide
23. Duress 24. Intoxication 25. Insanity 26. Diminished Capacity
32. Theft
Purposes and Principles
Purposes of Punishment Retribution
Kant / Stephen "It just feels right."
Deterrence
Bentham / Andenaes General v. Special
Reform Incapacitation
(Now out of favor) Cohen General & Selective
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 2
Principles of Just Punishment Legality
Fair Notice / Statute No Retroactivity No excessive vaguess
Proportionality
Life Imprisonment for forgery?
Constitutional Limits
No Cruel & Unusual Punishment Death Penalty? Due Process Limits
Criminal Act / Criminal Mind Criminal Act (Actus Reus) Voluntariness
Common Law
Omissions as Acts Causation
Criminal Mind Mens Rea
+
General Intent Crimes Resulting in Harm, e.g. assault
Role of Mistake Model Penal Code Element Analysis
Specific Intent
Crimes Not Requiring Harm (e.g. Theft; Attempt) OR Aggravated Degees E.g. Murder
Element Types
Culpability
Conduct
Purpose
Circumstances
Knowledge
Results
Recklessness Negligence
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 3
Mens Rea Role of Mistake Fact
Fact Law
Common Law Analysis of Mistake
General Intent
Mistake Must Be Honest and Reasonable
Specific Intent
Model Penal Code Analysis of Mistake (Ignorance or Misinterpretation of Penal Statutes)
Mistake Must Be Honest
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 4
MPC § 2.02(9): Never Excuses No Matter How Reasonable [Unless [2.04(3)(a) Official Reliance]
Fact & Non-Penal Law MPC § 2.04: Negatives the Mens Rea
Inchoate Crimes Attempt
Solicitation
Conspiracy
Purpose of Accomplishing Criminal End PLUS MPC § 5.01 (a) "Impossibility" (b) Last Proximate Act
Completed Conduct that Fizzled
--OR--
(c) Substantial Step Strongly Corroborative of Criminal Purpose
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 5
Aborted Conduct
MPC § 5.02 Encouraging Another to Commit Crime
MPC § 5.03 Agreement With Another plus Overt Act [§ 5.03(5)]
Group Criminality Complicity
Conspiracy
Mens Rea Conduct: Purpose to Aid Circumstances ??? Results § 2.06(4): Culpability for the Underlying Offense is Sufficient Actus Reus §2.06(3)(a)(ii) Aids or agrees or Attempts to Aid
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 6
Common Law (Feds) Pinkerton Rule (Liability Extends to Acts Inferrable from Scope of Conspiracy) No Merger Separate Punishment for Conspiracy and Substantive Crime
Model Penal Code Liability Only for Crimes Actually Agreed To §1.07 Conspiracy Count Merges With Substantive Count
Justification & Excuse Justification Protectin Life and Person
Protectin Pro ert / Law Enforcement
3.04 / 3.10: Genuine Belief Justifies, but Recklessness or Ne li ence Liabilit Still Available
Excuse Duress MPC 2.07
Voluntar Intoxication MPC 2.08
Residual Necessit : 3.02, "Choice of Evils"-MPC doesn't re uire imminence most states do Mental Disorder MPC 4.01
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 7
Person of Reasonable Firmness Couldn't Resist Pur ose or Knowled e: Ma Ne ative Mens Rea Recklessness or Ne .: Intoxication No Defense Co nitive Pron Must A reciate Wron fulness Control Pron Able to Conform Conduct to Law?
Particular Crimes Common Law Murder Malice Aforethought)
HOMICIDE MPC
Manslaughter (Other)
Murder § 210.2 (a) Purposely or knowingly (b) Recklessly w/ extreme indifference Presumed if felony murder Manslaughter § 210.3 (a) Recklessly (b) Murder except under extreme disturbance Negligent Homicide § 210.4
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 8
Particular Crimes
RAPE
Sexual Intercourse with a female not his wife
Marital Rape?
PLUS one of the following: Force / Compulsion Mens Rea=Reckless Unconscious Drugged
Mens Rea=Purpose
< 10 yrs old
Mens Rea=SL
1st ° unless date or previous liberties 1st ° if serious bodily injury
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 9
CRIMINAL LAW: A VISUAL OUTLINE Ch. 2 Purposes and Principles
Ch. 3
Culpability Actus Reus
2. Principles of Crim. Crim. Punishment
What to Punish? 3. Sources of Crim. Law 4. Constitutional Constitutional Limits Limits
Ch. 7
Elements of The Significance Group Just Punishment of Resulting Harm Criminality 15. Concurrence of Elements
Purposes of Punishment
Ch. 6
Causation 14. Causation
8. Actus Reus
Mens Rea 10. Mens Rea 11. Strict Liability 12. Mistakes of Fact 13. Mistakes of Law
Proportionality
Attempt 27. Attempt 28. Solicitation
Complicity 30. Complicity
Conspiracy 29. Conspiracy
Ch. 8
Chap's 4 & 5
Justification & Excuse
Specific Crimes
16. Defenses Generally
Justification 17. Justification 18. Self-Defense 19. Defense of Others 20. Defense of Property 21. Law Enforcement 22. Necessity
5. Legality
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, AM, Page 1
31. Homicide
Rape 33. Rape
Theft Excuse
6. Proportionality
Legality
Homicide
23. Duress 24. Intoxication 25. Insanity 26. Diminished Capacity
32. Theft
Purposes and Principles
Purposes of Punishment Retribution
Kant / Stephen "It just feels right."
Deterrence
Bentham / Andenaes General v. Special
Reform Incapacitation
(Now out of favor) Cohen General & Selective
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 2
Principles of Just Punishment Legality
Fair Notice / Statute No Retroactivity No excessive vaguess
Proportionality
Life Imprisonment for forgery?
Constitutional Limits
No Cruel & Unusual Punishment Death Penalty? Due Process Limits
Criminal Act / Criminal Mind Criminal Act (Actus Reus) Voluntariness
Common Law
Omissions as Acts Causation
Criminal Mind Mens Rea
+
General Intent Crimes Resulting in Harm, e.g. assault
Role of Mistake Model Penal Code Element Analysis
Specific Intent
Crimes Not Requiring Harm (e.g. Theft; Attempt) OR Aggravated Degees E.g. Murder
Element Types
Culpability
Conduct
Purpose
Circumstances
Knowledge
Results
Recklessness Negligence
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 3
Mens Rea Role of Mistake Fact
Fact Law
Common Law Analysis of Mistake
General Intent
Mistake Must Be Honest and Reasonable
Specific Intent
Model Penal Code Analysis of Mistake (Ignorance or Misinterpretation of Penal Statutes)
Mistake Must Be Honest
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 4
MPC § 2.02(9): Never Excuses No Matter How Reasonable [Unless [2.04(3)(a) Official Reliance]
Fact & Non-Penal Law MPC § 2.04: Negatives the Mens Rea
Inchoate Crimes Attempt
Solicitation
Conspiracy
Purpose of Accomplishing Criminal End PLUS MPC § 5.01 (a) "Impossibility" (b) Last Proximate Act
Completed Conduct that Fizzled
--OR--
(c) Substantial Step Strongly Corroborative of Criminal Purpose
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 5
Aborted Conduct
MPC § 5.02 Encouraging Another to Commit Crime
MPC § 5.03 Agreement With Another plus Overt Act [§ 5.03(5)]
Group Criminality Complicity
Conspiracy
Mens Rea Conduct: Purpose to Aid Circumstances ??? Results § 2.06(4): Culpability for the Underlying Offense is Sufficient Actus Reus §2.06(3)(a)(ii) Aids or agrees or Attempts to Aid
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 6
Common Law (Feds) Pinkerton Rule (Liability Extends to Acts Inferrable from Scope of Conspiracy) No Merger Separate Punishment for Conspiracy and Substantive Crime
Model Penal Code Liability Only for Crimes Actually Agreed To §1.07 Conspiracy Count Merges With Substantive Count
Justification & Excuse Justification Protectin Life and Person
Protectin Pro ert / Law Enforcement
3.04 / 3.10: Genuine Belief Justifies, but Recklessness or Ne li ence Liabilit Still Available
Excuse Duress MPC 2.07
Voluntar Intoxication MPC 2.08
Residual Necessit : 3.02, "Choice of Evils"-MPC doesn't re uire imminence most states do Mental Disorder MPC 4.01
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 7
Person of Reasonable Firmness Couldn't Resist Pur ose or Knowled e: Ma Ne ative Mens Rea Recklessness or Ne .: Intoxication No Defense Co nitive Pron Must A reciate Wron fulness Control Pron Able to Conform Conduct to Law?
Particular Crimes Common Law Murder Malice Aforethought)
HOMICIDE MPC
Manslaughter (Other)
Murder § 210.2 (a) Purposely or knowingly (b) Recklessly w/ extreme indifference Presumed if felony murder Manslaughter § 210.3 (a) Recklessly (b) Murder except under extreme disturbance Negligent Homicide § 210.4
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 8
Particular Crimes
RAPE
Sexual Intercourse with a female not his wife
Marital Rape?
PLUS one of the following: Force / Compulsion Mens Rea=Reckless Unconscious Drugged
Mens Rea=Purpose
< 10 yrs old
Mens Rea=SL
1st ° unless date or previous liberties 1st ° if serious bodily injury
Criminal Law Diagrams, 08/15/04 07:32 AM, Page 9
