diet

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diet /di·et/ (di´it) the customary amount and kind of food and drink taken by a person from day to day; more narrowly, a diet planned to meet specific requirements of the individual, including or excluding certain foods.di´etary acid-ash diet one of meat, fish, eggs, and cereals with little fruit or vegetables and no cheese or milk. alkali-ash diet one of fruit, vegetables, and milk with as little as possible of meat, fish, eggs, and cereals. balanced diet one containing foods which furnish all the nutritive factors in proper proportion for adequate nutrition. bland diet one that is free of irritating or stimulating foods. diabetic diet one prescribed in diabetes mellitus, usually limited in the amount of sugar or readily available carbohydrate. elimination diet one for diagnosis of food allergy, based on sequential omission of foods that might cause the symptoms. Feingold diet a controversial diet for hyperactive children which excludes artificial colors, artificial flavors, preservatives, and salicylates. gouty diet one for mitigation of gout, restricting nitrogenous, especially high-purine foods, and substituting dairy products, with prohibition of wines and liquors. high calorie diet one furnishing more calories than needed to maintain weight, often more than 3500±4000 calories per day. high fat diet ketogenic d. high fiber diet one relatively high in dietary fibers, which decreases bowel transit time and relieves constipation. high protein diet one containing large amounts of protein, consisting largely of meat, fish, milk, legumes, and nuts. ketogenic diet one containing large amounts of fat, with minimal amounts of protein and carbohydrate. low calorie diet one containing fewer calories than needed to maintain weight, e.g., less than 1200 calories per day for an adult. low fat diet one containing limited amounts of fat. low purine diet one for mitigation of gout, omitting meat, fowl, and fish and substituting milk, eggs, cheese, and vegetable protein. low residue diet one giving the least possible fecal residue. low salt diet , low sodium diet one containing very little sodium chloride; often prescribed for hypertension and edematous states. protein-sparing diet one consisting only of liquid proteins or liquid mixtures of proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and containing no more than 600 calories; designed to maintain a favorable nitrogen balance. purine-free diet see low purine d. salt-free diet low salt d. Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. © 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. bland diet (bl nd)

n. A regular diet omitting foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal tract. The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. bland diet, a diet that is mechanically, chemically, physiologically, and sometimes thermally nonirritating to the GI tract. It is often prescribed in the treatment of peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, gallbladder disease, diverticulitis, gastritis, idiopathic spastic constipation, and mucous colitis and after abdominal surgery. Historically, it was first called the "white diet" (or Sippy diet, after Dr. Sippy, who developed it). This allowed the use of only white foods, such as milk, cream, mashed potatoes, and hot cereal (Cream of Wheat). It has progressed to what has been called the "liberal bland diet," which allows all foods except caffeine, alcohol, black pepper, spices, or any other food that could be considered irritating. The clinical value of the traditional bland diet has never been proven, and thus its use as a treatment for GI problems is questionable. Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier. diet the customary amount and kind of food and drink taken by an animal from day to day; more narrowly, a diet planned to meet specific requirements of the animal, including or excluding certain foods. See also winter diet. acid diet diets of low alkalinity which are fed to cows to prevent milk fever. The diet in the 4 weeks preceding parturition, which is ordinarily highly alkaline, is supplemented with calcium chloride, and aluminum and magnesium sulfates, to reduce this alkalinity. bland diet one that is free from any irritating or stimulating foods. calcium homeostatic diet a diet aimed at maintaining normal blood levels of calcium in recently calved cows. calculolytic diet formulated to aid in the dissolution of struvite uroliths. Usually provides a low intake of protein, restricts phosphorus and magnesium, and acidifies the urine. Additional salt may also be included. These have been used successfully in dogs and cats. deficient diet see nutritional deficiency disease. drought feeding diet see drought feeding. elemental diet contains nutrients as small molecular weight compounds, i.e. proteins as amino acids or peptides, carbohydrates as oligosaccharides or monosaccharides, and fats as medium-chain triglycerides. Used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disease. Called also monomeric diet. elimination diet one for diagnosing food allergy, based on the sequential omission of foods which might cause the clinical signs in the patient. geriatric diet

may vary in composition; generally, they are formulated to provide lower energy intake and increased digestibility. gluten-free diet one without wheat, rye, barley, buckwheat, or oats or related products. high-calorie diet, high-energy diet one that furnishes more calories than needed for maintenance; used to increase body condition, in recovery from illness and for maintenance under stressful conditions. high-fiber diet one relatively high in dietary fiber; in dogs and cats, used in the management of large and small bowel diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, constipation and obesity. high-protein diet one containing large amounts of protein; used in the management of dogs and cats recovering from illness. home-prepared diet one prepared in the home kitchen, in contrast with commercially prepared pet foods. hypoallergenic diet one formulated to avoid suspected allergens; usually used in the management of allergic skin or bowel disease. liquid diet a diet limited to liquids or to foods that can be changed to a liquid state. low-calorie diet one containing fewer calories than needed to maintain weight; normally used in management of obesity in dogs and cats. low-fat diet one containing limited amounts of fat; used in the management of pancreatic disease, bowel disease, and obesity in dogs and cats. low-fiber diet see low-residue diet (below). low purine diet in dogs and cats, generally a low-meat diet. low-residue diet one with a minimum of cellulose and fiber and restriction of connective tissue found in certain cuts of meat. It is prescribed for irritations of the intestinal tract, after surgery of the large intestine, in partial intestinal obstruction, or when limited bowel movements are desirable. Called also low-fiber diet. low vitamin A diet one containing low levels of vitamin A; in dog and cat diets, this would mean little or no organ meats. The only probable indication for such a diet is in the treatment of hypervitaminosis A. lower urinary tract disease diet one that promotes acidification of the urine and containing restricted magnesium and phosphorus, and sometimes increased salt. monomeric diet see elemental diet (above). phosphate-restricted diet one containing restricted amounts of phosphorus; used in the management of chronic renal disease.

polymeric diet meal replacement diets; fed to animals with almost normal gastrointestinal function. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates are present in high molecular weight forms. sodium-restricted diet used in management of congestive heart failure and systemic hypertension in dogs and cats. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 3 ed. © 2007 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved bland diet Clinical nutrition A mechanically soft and nonirritating diet commonly prescribed for Pts with IBD and peptic ulcer disease, despite its uncertain efficacy. See Diet. Cf Spicy foods.

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