Disney
Content
WALT DISNEY ATTRIBUTES
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Passionate He could spend hours creating something, drawing up sketches, penning down characters and thinking, but he did not obsess about them. Open to criticism albeit the constructively objective ones and not the cynical ones. His personality made room for everyone’s opinions. Great men are not always receptive of other peoples’ thoughts, ideas or critiques but he was not one of them. He was great indeed and he was also a tough taskmaster but he knew when one must listen to others and then alter the course or approaches accordingly. Ferocious tenacity His pursuit for something better drove him to all echelons so he could accomplish what he had in mind. His vision was almost always realized because of his tenacity apart from passion and creativity. Creatie hen he was little, he was poor. poor. He wanted to draw, but he did not have any paper. He was creative because he found places to draw. He also introduced new ideas to the world. !or e"ample, e"ample, cartoons back then were all black and white. #f course, you know that most of the movies now are in color, but do you know why$ %ou %ou probably don&t. 'hat is because alt alt (isney invented color cartoons cartoons and later used pigment in movies too. F!e"i#!e alt invested all of his money in the movie industry. He did not make much there, but had a lot of movie plans already done. #ne of his friends )nally said to alt, *+ know that you are comfortable with the movie industry, but maybe we would make more money on '.* hen alt thought it through, he decided that he could take a shot at '. ith that, alt left left all his plans behind for the movie business and started o- fresh. alt&s alt&s decision soon paid o-. His hit ' show *'he onderful orld of (isney* made millions. Triump$ant n e"ample of this is the time when alt alt was in the hospital. He kept trying to make his movies and get out of bed. hen his wife, /illian, and two daughters, (iane and 0haron, came to his bedside on his birthday, he still was trying to get out of his hospital bed which he
called *jail*. s you can see, alt (isney has many character traits, but these are some of the ones that made him successful.
BE%A&IORS •
'ent!e an( carin) 1any researchers and biographers have termed him as a workaholic, as a man with only his way or the highway approach and e"tremely rigid when it came to his work. 2ut what many don’t know is that alt (isney was very caring. He cared for his family, friends and people in general. He also cared for animals. hen alt was a little boy and lived on a farm, he did not like hunting. He never went out to hunt animals, which was pretty much a custom in his family and very normal in those times. He attended to the needs of the animals on his farm and never hurt any animal, either on the farm or beyond it in the wilds. +t is possibly this gentle and caring attitude that made him popular not just among his loved ones but in his company and also propelled him to create unforgettable characters and moments in his work.
*INDSET •
•
Ent$usiasm alt’s enthusiasm empowered everything he did, and it was contagious. +t touched everyone around him and was no doubt one of the reasons why so many of his sta- stuck with him for so long. His enthusiasm enabled him to communicate his vision so his immediate team were motivated to put it into action. (isney )lm editor 3orman 4almer 560tormy78 says9 alt’s enthusiasm made over:achievers out of all of us. Ima)ination alt was know to be a man with a very strong, vivid and active imagination. He was always imagining something new. ;ven before (isneyland was completed he was already imagining and visualizing (isney orld. 0adly he never saw this to completion, but his touch is certainly there.
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Optimism alt was an 6impossible7 optimist. He had to be. 2ecause of his optimism we are able to enjoy (isneyland, (isney orld, ;pcot <enter, the movies and so much more that is today a part of the (isney <orporation.
LEADERS%IP +UALITIES alt (isney !ie( #y a c!ear set o, a!ues that he passed on to his business that he ran daily with purpose and vision. alt (isney quotes include 61y business is making people, especially children, happy.7 alt (isney had the a#i!ity to communicate $is ision an( inspire ot$ers to follow him in pursuit of his dreams. !or e"ample, alt worked hard to build happy relationships with his employees, and he e"pected his employees to build great relationships with their customers. alt (isney strove to e"cee( customer e"pectations in delivering quality entertainment. 6e’re interested in doing things that are fun = in bringing pleasure and especially laughter to people : it’s proven it’s a good business policy.7 alt (isney create( a -or.p!ace atmosp$ere t$at -as ,un an( ,rien(!y. He demonstrated appreciation and respect towards the workers that brought value to his business. 1aking dreams a reality begins with creatiity an( p!annin)/ alt (isney used sketches, 6storyboards7 and the creation of three: dimensional mockups to develop a critical understanding of his ideas and to communicate these ideas to others.
ROY O/ DISNEY 0FINANCER FOR WALT DISNEY1 >oy #liver (isney was the third son born to ;lias and !lora (isney on ?une @th, ABCD. (espite being eight years older, he was really carin) and doted on his little brother, alt (isney. He never minded watching over him, nor wheeling him around in the carriage. 2ut it was not until the family moved to 1arceline, 1issouri in the spring of ACE@ that this bond of ,rien(s$ip2 !oe an( !oya!ty was truly forged. ;lias (isney was a $ar(3-or.in) man with strong <hristian values. He (i( not #e!iee in ,rio!ities2 very seldom laughed and did not even believe in celebrating birthdays. Roy -as a!-ays t$ere ,or Wa!t when he got to know that their father was a ruthless e"ploiter and a fraud, especially with his own sons. ;lias was too frail to work and made his sons do all the work, and >oy believed he was cheating them. 3ot tolerating his father’s harsh rules, in ACAF >oy told alt his was leaving and the ne"t morning he was gone. He was in(epen(ent/ >oy never returned and got a job as a bank clerk in ansas <ity. He joined the 3avy late in ACA and discharged from the 3avy in ACAC. fter returning from !rance, alt had been busy working trying his hand at becoming an animator, but his attempt with his 63ewman’s /augh:#:Grams7 studios failed, and >oy, writing him from a eteran’s hospital in <alifornia convalescing from a bout with '2, told him to give up and get a fresh start and motiate( his brother. 0o after )ling for bankruptcy and with IJE.EE in his pocket, he set out for <alifornia. >oy and alt neer )ie up and worked in their Kncles garage for a time, they rented an oLce in the rear of the Holly:ermont >ealty in /os ngeles for IAE.EE a month. 0ince the beginning, >oy always stood in the creative genius of alt’s shadow. 2ut as brilliant and creative as alt was, it took money for his dreams to come to fruition. >oy was the 4nancia! #rains behind the team. alt was the spender and was always looking for more money for his projects, and the Medging company was always short of cash,
or in the need of more loans. alt even had to sell his prized 1oon >oadster for money to make a second sound recording of 60teamboat illie7 when the )rst came out wrong. >oy was always in the background and gave mora! support to alt, but his abilities to manage and handle the )nancial end of the business balanced out with alt’s creativity, taking the small animation studio and morphing it into one of the world’s largest entertainment concerns. Roy a!-ays stoo( #y Wa!t , even though he disagreed on some of his projects, i.e 'he )rst animated cartoon feature, 0now hite and the 0even (warfs’. >oy always knew that alt’s determination and grit, and his genius, seemed to win out most of the time. However, the greatest tribute of loyalty and #rot$er!y !oe came after alt’s death in AC@@. fter buying up land for a new park in central !lorida that alt was to call 6(isneyworld7 there was talk of not doing the project because of alt’s demise. 2ut >oy came out of retirement and oversaw the building of the new park. He knew that this dream of alt’s had to be completed. +n his )nal tribute to his little brother, friend and business partner, >oy had the park renamed 6alt (isney orld7 so everyone knew that this was alt’s project and dream they were entering.
ROY O/ DISNEY5S TRIBUTE TO WALT DISNEY alt (isney orld was actually a tribute to two brothers. alt may have dreamed castles but it was >oy who got them built. +t was >oy who, in his Es with a longing to retire and travel and spend time with his grandchildren wrestled with heat and humidity, swamp land and scrub brush, construction delays and )nances to make alt’s last dream a reality. !rom the #ctober ACF alt (isney 4roductions’ publication titled, The National Champion: A Report to Participants in Disneyland and Walt Disney World9 6#f the thousands of persons responsible for the creation of alt (isney orld, no one played a more important role than the late >oy #. (isney. /ong known as the behind:the:scenes )nancial genius, he was thrust into the leadership role by the untimely passing of his brother alt (isney in AC@@. 'hroughout the busy years that followed, >oy devoted nearly all his time and energy to bringing alt’s dream to reality. +t was a dream that was staggeringly comple"Nand yet with >oy’s guidance, it did indeed become a realityN7
#ne week after alt (isney died, >oy spoke to a group of (isney <ompany e"ecutives and creative sta- in a projection room at the (isney 0tudio. He was going to postpone his retirement. 6e are going to )nish this park Oin !loridaP, and we’re going to do it just the way alt wanted it,7 >oy )rmly stated. 6(on’t you ever forget it. + want every one of you to do just e"actly what you were going to do when alt was alive.7 alt (isney orld opened on #ctober A, ACA. >eporter <harlie adsworth wrote an article in the (ecember FF, ACA, edition of 'he #rlando 0entinel9 6+t was >oy (isney’s guidance and leadership that brought alt (isney orld to its opening. He was completely dedicated to building the dreams of his brother alt. 'hey say a little of >oy left when alt died in AC@@ of cancer. 2ut not much could have left. He was the keeper of the Mame and had to be the curator of the spirit that alt (isney created. He inherited the (isney entertainment empire. +t was diLcult for his neighbors in indermere to grow accustomed to the fact that the little round, balding man with the twinkling eyes and inquisitive nature was the chairman of the board. 2ut that’s the way >oy (isney wanted it. 'hat is the way he livedNOheP was a man of great personal warmth and charm, as personable as his late brother alt.7 >oy was a modest man and, when he died, little was known of his accomplishments, especially in comparison to his brother, alt. >oy was the man who built alt (isney orld without a cent of debt and, hopefully, those who celebrate the JEth anniversary this year will remember him and how he made his brother’s )nal dream come true for all of us.
SWOT ANALYSIS
STREN'T%
Stron) pro(uct port,o!io •
alt (isney’s products include broadcast television network 2< and cable networks such as (isney <hannel or ;043. <ombining the signi)cant audience reach of these cable networks, 5;043 has nearly DEE million and (isney <hannel FJE million subscribers8.
Bran( reputation •
alt (isney brand has been known for more than CE years in K0 and has been widely recognized worldwide, especially due to its (isney <hannel, (isney 4ark resorts and movies from alt (isney studios.
Competency in ac6uisitions •
'he alt (isney <ompany has acquired 4i"ar nimation 0tudios in FEE@, 1arvel ;ntertainment in FEEC and /ucas)lm in FEAF.
Diersi4e( #usinesses •
'he business operates )ve di-erent business segments9 media networks, parks and resorts, studio environment, consumer products and interactive media.
Loca!i7ation o, pro(ucts •
WEA8NESS
>ecently, (isney has started adapting its products to suit local tastes.
%eay (epen(ence on income ,rom Nort$ America •
lthough, (isney operates in more than FEE countries, it heavily depends on K0 and <anada markets for its
income.
Limite( tar)et au(ience •
<hildren are the biggest inMuencers in an adult’s life. However, they are not the revenue drivers. (isney is limited by its abilities as it has only children as its target audience.
C$aracter (ee!opment is s!o•
OPPORTUNIT IES
'oday, there are very few new characters which are generating revenues equal to 1ickey 1ouse or (onald (uck.
'ro-t$ o, pai( T& in(ustries in emer)in) economies 'he sia 4aci)c region accounted for more than QER market share of the world pay ' subscribers 5DCJ million8 in FEAA. +t was e"pected to grow to more than QQR by the end of FEA@, where <hina would account for more than FR of the market. 'he similar growth is e"pected in +ndia as well.
E"pansion o, moie pro(uction to ne- countries (isney has an opportunity to e"pand its movie production to such countries as +ndia or <hina, where movie production industries have developed good quality infrastructure.
T%REATS
Intense competition (isney operates in very competitive industries such as media, tourism, parks and resorts, interactive entertainment and others. 'he competitive landscape
changes quite drastically in the media industry, where news and ' go online and new competitors with new business models compete more successfully than incumbent media companies. (isney’s parks and resorts business segment also receives strong competition from local competitors who can o-er better:adapted product.
Increasin) piracy 'he advancements in technology allow copying, transmitting and distributing copyrighted material much easier. ith an increasing number of internet users and the speed of internet, this poses a great risk to (isney’s income, as fewer people would go to watch movies in a cinema or buy its ((, when it’s freely available online.
Stron) )ro-t$ o, on!ine T& an( on!ine moie rentin) 2esides internet piracy, (isney’s media and movie production businesses may su-er from online ' and online movie rental growth. 0ubscription to online ' streaming and movie rental websites costs much less than to usual cable television providers. +n addition, internet infrastructure is often managed by di-erent companies, thus taking the power away from cable network providers.
•
•
Passionate He could spend hours creating something, drawing up sketches, penning down characters and thinking, but he did not obsess about them. Open to criticism albeit the constructively objective ones and not the cynical ones. His personality made room for everyone’s opinions. Great men are not always receptive of other peoples’ thoughts, ideas or critiques but he was not one of them. He was great indeed and he was also a tough taskmaster but he knew when one must listen to others and then alter the course or approaches accordingly. Ferocious tenacity His pursuit for something better drove him to all echelons so he could accomplish what he had in mind. His vision was almost always realized because of his tenacity apart from passion and creativity. Creatie hen he was little, he was poor. poor. He wanted to draw, but he did not have any paper. He was creative because he found places to draw. He also introduced new ideas to the world. !or e"ample, e"ample, cartoons back then were all black and white. #f course, you know that most of the movies now are in color, but do you know why$ %ou %ou probably don&t. 'hat is because alt alt (isney invented color cartoons cartoons and later used pigment in movies too. F!e"i#!e alt invested all of his money in the movie industry. He did not make much there, but had a lot of movie plans already done. #ne of his friends )nally said to alt, *+ know that you are comfortable with the movie industry, but maybe we would make more money on '.* hen alt thought it through, he decided that he could take a shot at '. ith that, alt left left all his plans behind for the movie business and started o- fresh. alt&s alt&s decision soon paid o-. His hit ' show *'he onderful orld of (isney* made millions. Triump$ant n e"ample of this is the time when alt alt was in the hospital. He kept trying to make his movies and get out of bed. hen his wife, /illian, and two daughters, (iane and 0haron, came to his bedside on his birthday, he still was trying to get out of his hospital bed which he
called *jail*. s you can see, alt (isney has many character traits, but these are some of the ones that made him successful.
BE%A&IORS •
'ent!e an( carin) 1any researchers and biographers have termed him as a workaholic, as a man with only his way or the highway approach and e"tremely rigid when it came to his work. 2ut what many don’t know is that alt (isney was very caring. He cared for his family, friends and people in general. He also cared for animals. hen alt was a little boy and lived on a farm, he did not like hunting. He never went out to hunt animals, which was pretty much a custom in his family and very normal in those times. He attended to the needs of the animals on his farm and never hurt any animal, either on the farm or beyond it in the wilds. +t is possibly this gentle and caring attitude that made him popular not just among his loved ones but in his company and also propelled him to create unforgettable characters and moments in his work.
*INDSET •
•
Ent$usiasm alt’s enthusiasm empowered everything he did, and it was contagious. +t touched everyone around him and was no doubt one of the reasons why so many of his sta- stuck with him for so long. His enthusiasm enabled him to communicate his vision so his immediate team were motivated to put it into action. (isney )lm editor 3orman 4almer 560tormy78 says9 alt’s enthusiasm made over:achievers out of all of us. Ima)ination alt was know to be a man with a very strong, vivid and active imagination. He was always imagining something new. ;ven before (isneyland was completed he was already imagining and visualizing (isney orld. 0adly he never saw this to completion, but his touch is certainly there.
•
Optimism alt was an 6impossible7 optimist. He had to be. 2ecause of his optimism we are able to enjoy (isneyland, (isney orld, ;pcot <enter, the movies and so much more that is today a part of the (isney <orporation.
LEADERS%IP +UALITIES alt (isney !ie( #y a c!ear set o, a!ues that he passed on to his business that he ran daily with purpose and vision. alt (isney quotes include 61y business is making people, especially children, happy.7 alt (isney had the a#i!ity to communicate $is ision an( inspire ot$ers to follow him in pursuit of his dreams. !or e"ample, alt worked hard to build happy relationships with his employees, and he e"pected his employees to build great relationships with their customers. alt (isney strove to e"cee( customer e"pectations in delivering quality entertainment. 6e’re interested in doing things that are fun = in bringing pleasure and especially laughter to people : it’s proven it’s a good business policy.7 alt (isney create( a -or.p!ace atmosp$ere t$at -as ,un an( ,rien(!y. He demonstrated appreciation and respect towards the workers that brought value to his business. 1aking dreams a reality begins with creatiity an( p!annin)/ alt (isney used sketches, 6storyboards7 and the creation of three: dimensional mockups to develop a critical understanding of his ideas and to communicate these ideas to others.
ROY O/ DISNEY 0FINANCER FOR WALT DISNEY1 >oy #liver (isney was the third son born to ;lias and !lora (isney on ?une @th, ABCD. (espite being eight years older, he was really carin) and doted on his little brother, alt (isney. He never minded watching over him, nor wheeling him around in the carriage. 2ut it was not until the family moved to 1arceline, 1issouri in the spring of ACE@ that this bond of ,rien(s$ip2 !oe an( !oya!ty was truly forged. ;lias (isney was a $ar(3-or.in) man with strong <hristian values. He (i( not #e!iee in ,rio!ities2 very seldom laughed and did not even believe in celebrating birthdays. Roy -as a!-ays t$ere ,or Wa!t when he got to know that their father was a ruthless e"ploiter and a fraud, especially with his own sons. ;lias was too frail to work and made his sons do all the work, and >oy believed he was cheating them. 3ot tolerating his father’s harsh rules, in ACAF >oy told alt his was leaving and the ne"t morning he was gone. He was in(epen(ent/ >oy never returned and got a job as a bank clerk in ansas <ity. He joined the 3avy late in ACA and discharged from the 3avy in ACAC. fter returning from !rance, alt had been busy working trying his hand at becoming an animator, but his attempt with his 63ewman’s /augh:#:Grams7 studios failed, and >oy, writing him from a eteran’s hospital in <alifornia convalescing from a bout with '2, told him to give up and get a fresh start and motiate( his brother. 0o after )ling for bankruptcy and with IJE.EE in his pocket, he set out for <alifornia. >oy and alt neer )ie up and worked in their Kncles garage for a time, they rented an oLce in the rear of the Holly:ermont >ealty in /os ngeles for IAE.EE a month. 0ince the beginning, >oy always stood in the creative genius of alt’s shadow. 2ut as brilliant and creative as alt was, it took money for his dreams to come to fruition. >oy was the 4nancia! #rains behind the team. alt was the spender and was always looking for more money for his projects, and the Medging company was always short of cash,
or in the need of more loans. alt even had to sell his prized 1oon >oadster for money to make a second sound recording of 60teamboat illie7 when the )rst came out wrong. >oy was always in the background and gave mora! support to alt, but his abilities to manage and handle the )nancial end of the business balanced out with alt’s creativity, taking the small animation studio and morphing it into one of the world’s largest entertainment concerns. Roy a!-ays stoo( #y Wa!t , even though he disagreed on some of his projects, i.e 'he )rst animated cartoon feature, 0now hite and the 0even (warfs’. >oy always knew that alt’s determination and grit, and his genius, seemed to win out most of the time. However, the greatest tribute of loyalty and #rot$er!y !oe came after alt’s death in AC@@. fter buying up land for a new park in central !lorida that alt was to call 6(isneyworld7 there was talk of not doing the project because of alt’s demise. 2ut >oy came out of retirement and oversaw the building of the new park. He knew that this dream of alt’s had to be completed. +n his )nal tribute to his little brother, friend and business partner, >oy had the park renamed 6alt (isney orld7 so everyone knew that this was alt’s project and dream they were entering.
ROY O/ DISNEY5S TRIBUTE TO WALT DISNEY alt (isney orld was actually a tribute to two brothers. alt may have dreamed castles but it was >oy who got them built. +t was >oy who, in his Es with a longing to retire and travel and spend time with his grandchildren wrestled with heat and humidity, swamp land and scrub brush, construction delays and )nances to make alt’s last dream a reality. !rom the #ctober ACF alt (isney 4roductions’ publication titled, The National Champion: A Report to Participants in Disneyland and Walt Disney World9 6#f the thousands of persons responsible for the creation of alt (isney orld, no one played a more important role than the late >oy #. (isney. /ong known as the behind:the:scenes )nancial genius, he was thrust into the leadership role by the untimely passing of his brother alt (isney in AC@@. 'hroughout the busy years that followed, >oy devoted nearly all his time and energy to bringing alt’s dream to reality. +t was a dream that was staggeringly comple"Nand yet with >oy’s guidance, it did indeed become a realityN7
#ne week after alt (isney died, >oy spoke to a group of (isney <ompany e"ecutives and creative sta- in a projection room at the (isney 0tudio. He was going to postpone his retirement. 6e are going to )nish this park Oin !loridaP, and we’re going to do it just the way alt wanted it,7 >oy )rmly stated. 6(on’t you ever forget it. + want every one of you to do just e"actly what you were going to do when alt was alive.7 alt (isney orld opened on #ctober A, ACA. >eporter <harlie adsworth wrote an article in the (ecember FF, ACA, edition of 'he #rlando 0entinel9 6+t was >oy (isney’s guidance and leadership that brought alt (isney orld to its opening. He was completely dedicated to building the dreams of his brother alt. 'hey say a little of >oy left when alt died in AC@@ of cancer. 2ut not much could have left. He was the keeper of the Mame and had to be the curator of the spirit that alt (isney created. He inherited the (isney entertainment empire. +t was diLcult for his neighbors in indermere to grow accustomed to the fact that the little round, balding man with the twinkling eyes and inquisitive nature was the chairman of the board. 2ut that’s the way >oy (isney wanted it. 'hat is the way he livedNOheP was a man of great personal warmth and charm, as personable as his late brother alt.7 >oy was a modest man and, when he died, little was known of his accomplishments, especially in comparison to his brother, alt. >oy was the man who built alt (isney orld without a cent of debt and, hopefully, those who celebrate the JEth anniversary this year will remember him and how he made his brother’s )nal dream come true for all of us.
SWOT ANALYSIS
STREN'T%
Stron) pro(uct port,o!io •
alt (isney’s products include broadcast television network 2< and cable networks such as (isney <hannel or ;043. <ombining the signi)cant audience reach of these cable networks, 5;043 has nearly DEE million and (isney <hannel FJE million subscribers8.
Bran( reputation •
alt (isney brand has been known for more than CE years in K0 and has been widely recognized worldwide, especially due to its (isney <hannel, (isney 4ark resorts and movies from alt (isney studios.
Competency in ac6uisitions •
'he alt (isney <ompany has acquired 4i"ar nimation 0tudios in FEE@, 1arvel ;ntertainment in FEEC and /ucas)lm in FEAF.
Diersi4e( #usinesses •
'he business operates )ve di-erent business segments9 media networks, parks and resorts, studio environment, consumer products and interactive media.
Loca!i7ation o, pro(ucts •
WEA8NESS
>ecently, (isney has started adapting its products to suit local tastes.
%eay (epen(ence on income ,rom Nort$ America •
lthough, (isney operates in more than FEE countries, it heavily depends on K0 and <anada markets for its
income.
Limite( tar)et au(ience •
<hildren are the biggest inMuencers in an adult’s life. However, they are not the revenue drivers. (isney is limited by its abilities as it has only children as its target audience.
C$aracter (ee!opment is s!o•
OPPORTUNIT IES
'oday, there are very few new characters which are generating revenues equal to 1ickey 1ouse or (onald (uck.
'ro-t$ o, pai( T& in(ustries in emer)in) economies 'he sia 4aci)c region accounted for more than QER market share of the world pay ' subscribers 5DCJ million8 in FEAA. +t was e"pected to grow to more than QQR by the end of FEA@, where <hina would account for more than FR of the market. 'he similar growth is e"pected in +ndia as well.
E"pansion o, moie pro(uction to ne- countries (isney has an opportunity to e"pand its movie production to such countries as +ndia or <hina, where movie production industries have developed good quality infrastructure.
T%REATS
Intense competition (isney operates in very competitive industries such as media, tourism, parks and resorts, interactive entertainment and others. 'he competitive landscape
changes quite drastically in the media industry, where news and ' go online and new competitors with new business models compete more successfully than incumbent media companies. (isney’s parks and resorts business segment also receives strong competition from local competitors who can o-er better:adapted product.
Increasin) piracy 'he advancements in technology allow copying, transmitting and distributing copyrighted material much easier. ith an increasing number of internet users and the speed of internet, this poses a great risk to (isney’s income, as fewer people would go to watch movies in a cinema or buy its ((, when it’s freely available online.
Stron) )ro-t$ o, on!ine T& an( on!ine moie rentin) 2esides internet piracy, (isney’s media and movie production businesses may su-er from online ' and online movie rental growth. 0ubscription to online ' streaming and movie rental websites costs much less than to usual cable television providers. +n addition, internet infrastructure is often managed by di-erent companies, thus taking the power away from cable network providers.
