Drafting
Content
THE 4 GROUPS OF LETTERS Gothic Letters Are composed of uniform width elements and are sometimes referred to as the basic alphabet. Example:
Gothic Letters Roman Letters Are characterized by broad vertical and strokes and comparatively thin horizontal strokes. Example:
Roman Letters Text Letters These are considered the most beautiful of all forms because of their decorations. Example:
Text Letters Script Letters The lettering style belongs to the longhand style of writing. The italic is a type of letter than usually slants to the right. Example:
Script Letters
ALPHABET OF LINES The Alphabet of Lines is a list of line symbols that engineers use in technical drawings to communicate specific shapes, sizes or surfaces. The lines and symbols used in the Alphabet of Lines are universal, which means engineers around the world use and understand them.
Object Line Thick lines about .6mm(.032in) that show the visible edges of an object.
Center Line Lines that define the center of arcs, circles, or symmetrical parts. They are half as thick as an object line.
Construction Line Very lightly drawn lines used as guides to help draw all other lines and shapes properly. Usually erased after being used.
Hidden Line Lines used to show interior detail that is not visible from the outside of the part.
Leader Lines Leader lines are used to show dimensions of arcs, circles and to help show detail. An arrow head is used to point to the part you are dimensioning and the line comes off the arrow point usually at a 45 degree angle. At the end of this line a horizontal line is drawn with a note at the end telling information about what is being pointed at.
Extension Lines Lines used to show where a dimension starts and stops on an object. Used with dimension lines to properly dimension an object. The line is 1/16” away from the part as to not get confused with the object lines
Dimension Lines Lines that are used to show distance. Arrows are drawn on the ends to show where the dimension line starts and ends. The actual distance is usually located in the middle of this line to let you know the distance being communicated.
Border Line Lines around the outside of a drawing, like a picture frame, that defines the mechanical drawing.
CAREERS IN DRAFTING
Civil Drafters Civil drafters make drawings that are used for infrastructure projects such as bridges, pipelines, highways and sewer systems. In addition, civil drafters prepare relief maps and topographical maps that are used by engineers and construction professionals.
Mechanical Drafters Mechanical drafters prepare drawings that are used to create mechanical products, such as automobile parts, tools and machines. When drafters make these type of plans, they include information on the dimensions of mechanical products and the way they should be assembled.
Architectural Drafters Architectural drafters make drawings that are used in construction projects. Their work is used to build locations such as private homes, school buildings, factories, office buildings and shopping centers. In order to complete these projects, architectural drafters take the ideas from engineers, architects or designers and use that information to develop the plans for a structure and details about how the construction should be completed. Drafters also may check the drawings for mistakes and make corrections to the plans.
Aeronautical Drafters Aeronautical drafters prepare the drawings that are used to manufacture airborne vehicles such as airplanes, missiles and helicopters. These drafters collaborate with engineers and use their feedback to make corrections to their drawings to ensure that the designs are approved.
Marine Drafters Marine drafters make the drawings that are used to manufacture ships, yachts and marine structures. This work includes creating a marine vehicle's floor plan, as well as information about where the electrical systems and plumbing will be located.
Electrical Drafters Electrical drafters work closely with engineers to create drawings and diagrams that are used for the electrical wiring of structures, such as power plants, communication centers and buildings. Their work includes visiting the locations of the structures and creating rough sketches; preparing the specifications of the project, including the stress factors, weight and volumes involved; and ensuring that the electrical wiring is compliant with applicable regulations.
DRAWING TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
T-square is primarily used in projecting horizontal lines. The T-squares head could be detached or fixed. The lower edge of the T- square maybe Triangles are used to project Drawing table is a table that used as a guide for cutting. The lines from a horizontal base, has a surface that can be raised blade on itscurve upperisedge is used in order French usually projecting isometric drawing up or down or turned to called as the some working edge. It is to project irregular shape of as well as lines in an oblique Eraser this instrument is used different angles and that is used commonly from celluloid curve in made a particular drawing. These drawing. It is usually made to erase unwanted marks on for drawing materials with its straight edge irregular shapes are made from various from light transparent the drawing paper. It is usually andgeometric wooden blade. curves. celluloid materials. made up of rubber.
Technical pen is a specialized instrument used by an engineer, architect, or drafter to make lines of constant width for architectural, engineering, or technical drawings.
Drafting paper is a fine white or cream-colored paper that is hard-surfaced and has good
Template is an instruments that has different shapes, holes as well as designs. It is used as patterns in projecting drawings of different shapes.
Drawing Pencil is used to sketch drawings. There are different kinds of drawing pencil. They varies or classified in accordance with their grade of softness as well as in the hardness of their lead.
Gothic Letters Roman Letters Are characterized by broad vertical and strokes and comparatively thin horizontal strokes. Example:
Roman Letters Text Letters These are considered the most beautiful of all forms because of their decorations. Example:
Text Letters Script Letters The lettering style belongs to the longhand style of writing. The italic is a type of letter than usually slants to the right. Example:
Script Letters
ALPHABET OF LINES The Alphabet of Lines is a list of line symbols that engineers use in technical drawings to communicate specific shapes, sizes or surfaces. The lines and symbols used in the Alphabet of Lines are universal, which means engineers around the world use and understand them.
Object Line Thick lines about .6mm(.032in) that show the visible edges of an object.
Center Line Lines that define the center of arcs, circles, or symmetrical parts. They are half as thick as an object line.
Construction Line Very lightly drawn lines used as guides to help draw all other lines and shapes properly. Usually erased after being used.
Hidden Line Lines used to show interior detail that is not visible from the outside of the part.
Leader Lines Leader lines are used to show dimensions of arcs, circles and to help show detail. An arrow head is used to point to the part you are dimensioning and the line comes off the arrow point usually at a 45 degree angle. At the end of this line a horizontal line is drawn with a note at the end telling information about what is being pointed at.
Extension Lines Lines used to show where a dimension starts and stops on an object. Used with dimension lines to properly dimension an object. The line is 1/16” away from the part as to not get confused with the object lines
Dimension Lines Lines that are used to show distance. Arrows are drawn on the ends to show where the dimension line starts and ends. The actual distance is usually located in the middle of this line to let you know the distance being communicated.
Border Line Lines around the outside of a drawing, like a picture frame, that defines the mechanical drawing.
CAREERS IN DRAFTING
Civil Drafters Civil drafters make drawings that are used for infrastructure projects such as bridges, pipelines, highways and sewer systems. In addition, civil drafters prepare relief maps and topographical maps that are used by engineers and construction professionals.
Mechanical Drafters Mechanical drafters prepare drawings that are used to create mechanical products, such as automobile parts, tools and machines. When drafters make these type of plans, they include information on the dimensions of mechanical products and the way they should be assembled.
Architectural Drafters Architectural drafters make drawings that are used in construction projects. Their work is used to build locations such as private homes, school buildings, factories, office buildings and shopping centers. In order to complete these projects, architectural drafters take the ideas from engineers, architects or designers and use that information to develop the plans for a structure and details about how the construction should be completed. Drafters also may check the drawings for mistakes and make corrections to the plans.
Aeronautical Drafters Aeronautical drafters prepare the drawings that are used to manufacture airborne vehicles such as airplanes, missiles and helicopters. These drafters collaborate with engineers and use their feedback to make corrections to their drawings to ensure that the designs are approved.
Marine Drafters Marine drafters make the drawings that are used to manufacture ships, yachts and marine structures. This work includes creating a marine vehicle's floor plan, as well as information about where the electrical systems and plumbing will be located.
Electrical Drafters Electrical drafters work closely with engineers to create drawings and diagrams that are used for the electrical wiring of structures, such as power plants, communication centers and buildings. Their work includes visiting the locations of the structures and creating rough sketches; preparing the specifications of the project, including the stress factors, weight and volumes involved; and ensuring that the electrical wiring is compliant with applicable regulations.
DRAWING TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
T-square is primarily used in projecting horizontal lines. The T-squares head could be detached or fixed. The lower edge of the T- square maybe Triangles are used to project Drawing table is a table that used as a guide for cutting. The lines from a horizontal base, has a surface that can be raised blade on itscurve upperisedge is used in order French usually projecting isometric drawing up or down or turned to called as the some working edge. It is to project irregular shape of as well as lines in an oblique Eraser this instrument is used different angles and that is used commonly from celluloid curve in made a particular drawing. These drawing. It is usually made to erase unwanted marks on for drawing materials with its straight edge irregular shapes are made from various from light transparent the drawing paper. It is usually andgeometric wooden blade. curves. celluloid materials. made up of rubber.
Technical pen is a specialized instrument used by an engineer, architect, or drafter to make lines of constant width for architectural, engineering, or technical drawings.
Drafting paper is a fine white or cream-colored paper that is hard-surfaced and has good
Template is an instruments that has different shapes, holes as well as designs. It is used as patterns in projecting drawings of different shapes.
Drawing Pencil is used to sketch drawings. There are different kinds of drawing pencil. They varies or classified in accordance with their grade of softness as well as in the hardness of their lead.
