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growing families
birthingcenter
michelle smith
envd 408 senior problems
programming documents
fall 2010
thank you denise staples, mahbub rashid, kent spreckelmeyer, luann baumchen, and dawn stewart for sharing your
knowledge with me.
introduction
1 concept statement
2 scope of project
2 demographic information
3 goals + objectives
6 applicable codes + guidelines
9 research
quantifiable data
29 personnel organizational chart
30 detailed space listing
32 space summary
34 furniture schedule
37 equipment schedule
design strategies
42 space studies
62 adjacency diagram
63 blocking diagram
64 bubble diagram
projections
65 future projections
66 budgeting projections
programming summary
70 summary
1
2
3
4
5
contents
conceptstatement1
There have been concerns that medicalized hospital environments may have, in fact, contributed to the
increasing rate of interventions-in particular, caesarean sections, and the additional risks that these
interventions bring. Like clinics, birth centers arose on the coasts of the U.S. in the 1970s, as alternatives
to heavily institutionalized health care. Today, use of birthing center facilities is generally covered by
health insurance. Several of the practices in which were innovated in birth centers are beginning to enter
the mainstream hospital labor and delivery floors. This includes:
Bathtubs or whirlpools for labor and/or birthing
Showers for mothers to labor in
Hospital acceptance of the mother choosing to walk during labor, use a labor/birthing ball, absence of
pain medication during labor
Rooming in of the infant after birth
Beds for family members to stay with the mother during labor and birth
Growing Families Birthing Center will allow and plan for alternatives to traditional high tech maternity
wards. The facility will design for three groups: patients, the patients family, and the caregivers.
Patients: What is the mother expecting for her stay? The design must support these expectations and
wishes. Most women want three primary things when it comes to their stay: Appropriate technological
capabilities, a home-like environment, and control.
Patients Family: This environment must accommodate and comfort not only the expecting mother, but
her support system. A recent survey conducted by The National Library of Medicine, twenty-two nurses
were asked a wide range of questions about nursing and family-centered care. Each nurse expressed
explicit support for the concept of family-centered care and the effects family involvement has on recovery
time. Not only will patient rooms support their familys stay, but additional public areas of this unit will
encourage family interaction outside of their private room.
Caregivers: The comfort of caregivers in a medical environment is crucial. Their comfort and happiness
will affect overall morale. The space of this unit must be established with caregivers in mind, for efficiency
will increase in an environment that promotes strong and smart interaction. Nurse stations must be placed
conveniently in relation to their patients.
Growing Families Birthing Center will plan mentally, physically, and spatially. It must create a space that
enables ways of healing that are flexible and anticipate growth and change.
scope+demographics2
Over the last two decades, most of Californias population growth has been directly attributable to
natural increase rather than migration, and this will remain the case for the foreseeable future.
Births are the key component of natural increase and are determined by the number of women of
childbearing ages and by fertility rates. Fertility rates are higher in California than in any
developed country in the world.
Located in Palm Springs, California, Growing Families Birthing Center will accommodate for 1100
births annually, averaging 3 births a day. This obstetric unit is planning for roughly 20753 net
square feet and 33205 gross square feet. It will plan for 12 labor delivery recovery postpartum
rooms, 1 operation room, 4 postpartum rooms, and all necessary supporting areas for patients,
families, and staff.
Larger cities in California offer larger numbers of obstetric units within hospitals and birthing
centers. Many travel to a nearby city to delivery their baby. This poses great risk and stress.
Facilities need to support the population growth attributed to childbirth. This facility will support a
labor delivery recovery postpartum plan, which will allow patients to check into their room without
the struggle of moving from room to room. This will help accommodate patients that do not prefer
an LDR plan.
Demographics
According to the most recent census of 2000, Palm Springs, California contains 42,000 residents.
Teenage births are decreasing, while births of women 30-40 years old are increasing. Growing
Families supports these findings. It encourages family involvement and is sure to accommodate
not only the patient but also their family. In-room sleeping spaces are available as well as
kitchenettes, a patient and family lounge, an educational room and other family-oriented spaces.
goals+objectives3
This Palm Springs hospital is looking to remodel their existing obstetric unit in hopes to keep up
with the evolution of birthing centers. They are focused on providing places for women to give
birth in a hospital environment, fully equipped with technology in order to ensure that births are
safe, while offering the comforts of home. Small is beautiful, therefore larger birthing units should
be developed in groups or clusters that have an individual feel. The familiarity of the birth space
can reflect sufficient elements of home to reduce alienation and anxiety. Access to an outside
area is crucial. This enables a view to the outdoors as well as provides potential access to nature.
Biophilia is the act of connecting with nature. An important element of health care facility design is
the connection with nature. It is important to the organization to enable patients, family, and the
public to move easily out into gardens and courtyards. This is recognized as an important stress-
reducing element. The entrance to the maternity unit must be easily identified. Entry through the
emergency department is inappropriate and would increase anxiety. The organization wants to
offer a welcoming arrival. Consideration must be given to how the patients find and then
approach the birthing unit once inside the hospital. Long corridors can be frightening. Simple and
thoughtful wayfinding must be a theme throughout the hospital, including the birthing unit. Double
doors and airlocks that are not automatic can be difficult to maneuver and slow down hurrying
people. The preference is for an easy route from the outside door to a birthing unit entrance that
has glass doors where staff and support can be easily seen. The public arrival area should be a
transition space, a non-hospital-like space. Most importantly, the hospital wishes to enhance
choice and involvement from the mother in the decision-making process. If we can ensure the
essential elements of the design are provided, we will have reduced anxiety, increased support,
and might expect to see reductions in the demand for interventions that could be negative
consequences for both mothers and babies.
Good spaces generate positive feelings and mood throughout the nervous system. By
concentrating on the building itself and not the kind of place it creates, we have failed to grasp the
goals+objectives4
psychosocial impact of our buildings. The environment is more than physical space or location-it
also takes up an emotional space in the hearts and minds of women who are undergoing labor.
Most women do not need to give birth in physical spaces that are the equivalent of an intensive
care unit. The designers of this birthing unit would like to use this opportunity to create a space in
which allows labor in a familiar, comfortable environment. "Mindbodyspirit architecture", creates
an optimally correct place for birthing to occur. The goal is to bring the battle between the
technical and the emotional into balance. According to the National Childbirth Trust (NCT), not
only do women believe the place in which they give birth is important for a successful birth, but
they are also clear about what they need in that space. Many women did not have access to
facilities felt to be essential during labor. Many women felt that a clean room with comfortable
furniture for themselves and their companion and the ability to move around were highly
important. Women wanted control of heat, light, and especially, who came into the room.
Unhelpful elements include: a traditional hospital environment, small spaces that do not enable
movement, an uncomfortable static bed that is not adjustable, open doors, and restrooms outside
of the room. Studies show that women found themselves constrained not only by the lack of
privacy and the lack of accessible restrooms, but also by the only piece of furniture in the room:
the high narrow, metal bed. The bed has become a theme in the changes needed to correct the
architecture of birthing spaces. Lighting is also critically important. Natural light should be
available and used, for it supports the biorhythms of the body and knowing whether it is day or
night is an important orientation. Light affects mood and stimulates people physiologically as well
as psychologically. Stress reduction is a critical element in supportive and "health-giving" design.
Careful selection of color is important to support mood. Color builds the spirit. It can be
stimulating with brighter colors, or can provide restful psychological responses with warm tones
that are more subdued in color. Generally, rooms must have less white and cream in exchange
for stronger pastel colors.
goals+objectives5
This birthing unit will facilitate labor, delivery, recovery, and postpartum care for mothers, babies,
and their families. The average stay for mothers and children is 48 hours, and 72 hours for
patients recovering from caesarean sections. This birthing unit will accommodate for 1,100 births
annually, averaging 3 births per day. The places in which we undertake specific tasks will affect
us in profound ways. Understanding peoples behavior when they occupy spaces, helps us begin
to understand how to design them better. Privacy is an essential element, in physical space as
well as acoustic space. The ability not to be overheard or to be able to hear other women in labor
is crucial for ones comfort.
High quality is expected and necessary in healthcare design. High end finishes will be selected to
provide a comforting aesthetic in additional to appropriate maintenance and care. Sustainability is
a critical issue, especially in designing spaces. It is the designers responsibility to provide green
solutions, without compromising the sanitary quality and disease control of healthcare. We must
minimize risk exposure and eco waste. We will use sustainable products provided by
environmentally cautious manufacturers, and respect our resources.
Works Cited:
Forbes, Ian, Maralyn Foueur, Nicky Leap, and Caroline Homer. "Birthing Unit Design:
Researching New Principles." World Health Design. 2010. Web. 3 Sept. 2010.
<http://www.worldhealthdesign.com/Birthing-Unit-Design-Researching-New-Principles.aspx>.
applicablecodes6
2006 Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities
4 Obstetrical Facilities
4.1.1 Location and Layout
The obstetrical unit shall be located and designed to prohibit nonrelated traffic through the unit.
When delivery and operating rooms in are in the same suite, access and service arrangements
shall be such that neither staff not patients need to travel through one area to reach the other.
4.1.2 Newborn Nursery
A newborn nursery shall be provided.
4.1.3 Renovation
Except as permitted otherwise herein, existing facilities being renovated shall, as far as
practicable, provide all the required support services.
4.2.2 Airborne Infection Isolation Room(s)
An airborne infection isolation room is not required for the obstetrical unit.
4.2.3 Examination/Treatment Room/or Multipurpose Diagnostic Testing Room
4.2.3.1 Space requirements. This room shall have a minimum clear floor area of 120 square feet
(11.15 square meters). When used as a multi-patient diagnostic testing room, a minimum clear
floor area of 80 square feet (7.43 square meters) per patient shall be provided.
4.2.3.2 Toilet Room. An adjoining toilet room shall be provided for patient use.
4.2.4 Support Areas for the Postpartum Unit
The following support areas shall be provided for this uni.
4.2.4.1 A nurse station
4.2.4.2 Documentation area
4.2.4.3 A nurse office
4.2.4.4 Consultation/conference room(s)
4.2.4.5 Medication station
(1) Medicine preparation room or unit
(a) If used, a medicine preparation room or unit shall be under visual control of
nursing staff
(b) This room or unit shall contain a work counter, sink, refrigerator, and double-
locked storage for controlled substances.
(c) Convenient access to hand-washing stations shall be provided.
4.2.4.6 Nourishment Area
A nourishment station shall be provided in accordance with Section 2.1-2.35
4.2.4.7 Clean workroom or clean supply station
A clean workroom or clean supply room shall be provided in accordance with Section 2.1-2.3.7. A
clean workroom is required if clean materials are assembled within the obstetrical suite prior to
use.
applicablecodes7
4.2.4.8 Soiled workroom or soiled holding room
A soiled workroom or soiled holding room shall be provided for the exclusive use of the obstetrical
suite in accordance with Section 2.1-2.3.8.
4.2.4.9 Equipment and supply storage
(1) Clean linen storage. This shall be provided in accordance with Section 2.1-2.3.9.1
(2) Equipment storage room. Each unit shall provide sufficient storage area(s) on the patient
floor to keep its required corridor width free of equipment and supplies. This shall be in
addition to storage within patient rooms.
(3) Storage space for stretchers and wheelchairs.
(4) Emergency equipment storage. Storage shall be close to the nurse station.
4.2.4.10 Housekeeping room. A housekeeping room shall be provided for the exclusive
use of the obstetrical suite in accordance with Section 2.1-2.3.10
4.2.5 Support Areas for Staff
The following support areas shall be provided for this unit.
4.2.5.1 Staff lounge
4.2.5.2 Staff storage facilities. Lockable closets or cabinets for personal articles of staff shall be
provided.
4.2.5.3 Staff toilet room
4.2.6 Support Areas for Patients and Visitors
4.2.6.1 Patient lounge. The patient lounge may be omitted if all rooms are single-bed rooms.
4.2.6.2 Patient bathing facilities
4.3 Cesarean/Delivery Suite
(1) Number. In facilities that have only one cesarean/delivery room, two labor rooms shall be
provided.
(2) Access. Labor rooms shall have controlled access with doors that are arranged for
observation from a nursing station.
4.3.1.2 Capacity. Where LDRs or LDRPs are not provided, a minimum or two labor beds shall be
provided for each cesarean/delivery room.
4.3.1.4 Windows. Windows in labor rooms, if provided, shall be located, draped, or otherwise
arranged to preserve patient privacy from casual observation from outside the labor room.
4.3.1.5 Hand-washing station. Each labor room shall contain a hand-washing station.
4.3.1.6 Toilet Room
4.3.2 Delivery Room(s)
4.3.2.1 Space requirements. These shall have a minimum clear area of 300 square feet exclusive
of fixed cabinets and built in shelves.
applicablecodes8
4.3.2.2 Emergency communication system. An emergency communication system shall be
connected with the obstetrical suite control station.
4.3.3 Cesarean/Delivery Room(s)
4.3.3.1 Number. There shall be a minimum of one such room in every obstetrical unit.
4.3.3.2 Space requirements. These shall have a minimum clear floor area of 360 square feet with
a minimum dimension of 16 feet exclusive of built-in shelves and cabinets.
4.3.4 Infant Resuscitation Space
4.3.4.1 Location. Infant resuscitation shall be provided within cesarean/delivery room(s) and
delivery rooms or in a separate but immediately accessible room.
4.3.4.2 Space requirements
(1) Space in delivery rooms. A minimum clear floor area of 40 square feet shall be provided
for the infant resuscitation space in addition to the required area of each delivery or
cesarean/delivery room.
(2) Space in a separate room. Infant resuscitation space provided in a separate but
immediately accessible room shall have a minimum clear floor area of 150 square feet.
4.3.4.3 Electrical outlets. Six single or three duplex electrical outlets shall be provided for the
infant in addition to the facilities required for the mother.
initialresearch9
Initial Research
08-23-10 - 08-30-10
-Obstetric Unit within hospital, access to the rest of the hospital
-Birthing/delivery/womens center
-Look/feel like a home while being fully equipped technologically
-"An uninstitutionalized space"
-Rid patients of anxieties
-Must have outside access
-Healing gardens
-Areas to walk with frequent rest stops
-First place that babies experience
-High end finishes
Needs: Personnel and Spaces
Typical personnel positions include:
-Labor and delivery nurses
-OB nurses
-OB technicians
-RNs, resident nurses
-Midwives (sometimes)
-Reception
-X-ray technician
-Educators
-Unit security and birth check
-Frequent buttons on the wall, "Code Amber"
-Environmental Services- create germ free/clean environment
Typical spaces include:
-Triage Rooms:
-Rooms for the evaluation of unscheduled patient visits
-Helps regulate patient flow and wait times
-Find more info on whats inside Triage Rooms
-LMH has two triage rooms at the end of the hall
-Inconvenient, nurses need convenient
-Stormont Vail has a triage of 10 rooms with a nurses station
-At Stormont Vail, everyone goes through triage, then they move if they need to
stay
-Labor/Delivery Rooms:
-Convertible couch for partner
-Entertainment: flat screen Tvs, DVD players, etc.
-Whirlpool tubs
-Monitoring equipment
-At LMH, everyone is in a labor/recovery room for about 2 hours after birth then they
move to a postpartum room
-Equipment to be concealed behind artwork, headwalls, etc. (same for all rooms)
-Postpartum/Recovery Rooms:
-Relaxing/cheerful
-Large windows
-Entertainment: flat screen Tvs, DVD players, etc.
-Whirlpool tub
-Spacious/private-large enough for extended family visits
initialresearch10
-Sleeper sofas
-Family sitting area
-Private restroom
-Kitchenette
-Home like environment, a place to bond with baby
-Cesarean Section/Surgical Suites:
-For planned and unplanned surgeries
-Centrally located for physician and patient convenience
-Offer the same comfortable environment as a labor/delivery room
-Next would transfer to a postpartum/recovery room
-LMH has two
-Walk in showers are necessary, patients have a hard time getting around
-Consider height of bed
-Nursery:
-Must be centralized
-Special Care Nursery or Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU):
-High tech monitoring for unstable babies
*LMH has one large nursery divided (but not actually divided) into well/sick babies
-Curtains available for privacy
-Nurse needs to be able to see all babies
-Nurse stations:
-LMH has two large nurse stations
-Labor side, about 5 computers
-Postpartum side, about the same size
-Nurse break room:
-LMH has a long table that doubles as a spot for morning meetings
-A few computers (with monitors to watch patients status)
-Includes a nurse locker room:
-Lockers
-Refrigerator, dish washer, etc.
-Must have a key code to get in
-Doctor break room:
-The only space in this unit dedicated to doctors
-Includes a sleeper room for doctors in between late night labors
-Lockers
-Restroom, including shower
-TV, computer with monitor watching patients status
-Kitchen equipment
-Educational Rooms:
-Prenatal classes
-Parenting classes
-Conference Room:
-Staff meetings
-Waiting areas:
-Centralized
initialresearch11
-Work well with all entrances/exits
-Retail/Gift Shop:
-Contains items that might assist a new mother
-Baby gifts
Hierarchy of Positions
At LMH:
-Director of unit: has an office
-Nurse educator: has an office
-Nurse supervisors: check on the whole hospital; do not have a place of their own within the unit
-Charge nurses: in charge of the shift, assigns who is in charge of whom
-Labor nurses
-Nursery nurses
-Lactation nurse: goes around to check in with moms that are breastfeeding
-Pre administration office: this is where patients will go prior to labor to fill out paper work
-Employees at retail/gift shop
Current Trends
-Natural births (without medicine)
-Midwives: a nurse with a masters degree, does the job of a doctor
-Dulas: "mothers helper", sometimes stay with mother the entire stay
Sustainability: How to incorporate while controlling disease
-Green Goals:
-Long term cost control
-Minimize risk exposure and eco waste
-Sustainable casegoods: Viridian Casegoods- silver cradle to cradle
-Verge- rolling stools, SCS indoor advantage Gold certified for indoor air quality
-Pocket:
-New family of mobile workstations
-Designed to support active work of healthcare
-Small footprint, only the most essential features
-Zero noise
-Handles a wide variety of technology
-Allows quick user configuration
-Flexible, non-prescribed surfaces
-Tava:
-Collection of seating and more
-Guest chairs/lounge seating/benches/ tables/casegoods
-Beautiful design with appropriate function
-Typically for waiting areas
Environment Speeding up Recovery:
-"Contact with plants is directly beneficial to a hospitals patients health" -www.science20.com
-"Higher stress= experience more severe pain/slower recovery period" -www.science20.com
-"Nature improves overall patient experience without relying on pharmaceuticals" - " "
-Being active helps speed up recovery
-Spaces to walk with frequent resting stops
-"Soft-ambient lighting plays a role in de-stressing the environment"
Concepts/Goals: Must be accepted by many people
initialresearch12
General Research
-Average stay for mothers and children is 48 hours, 72 hours for Cesarean Section
-Create spaces that enable ways of healing that are flexible and anticipate growth and change
-Plan mentally, physically, and spatially
-Manufacturers that create products for the healthcare market:
-Steelcase
-Coalesse
-DesignTex
-Details
-Turnstone
-Concerns that medicalized hospital environments may have, in fact, contributed to the
increasing rate of interventions-in particular, caesarean sections, and the additional
risks that these interventions bring
Healthcare + California Codes:
-Hospitals = golden standard for safety
-Earthquake consideration
Other Resources:
-Birthing Unit Design Guideline
-Birthing Unit Design Spatial Evaluation Tool (BuDSET)
extensiveresearch13
Extensive Research
D
The Types of Spaces Frequently Included in the Building
Public:
-Educational rooms
-Waiting areas
-Retail/gift shop
Private:
-Triage/exam prep rooms
-Labor/delivery rooms
-Family rooms: a welcomed shared space where the family, when not in the birth
room can wait comfortably in privacy
-Postpartum/recovery rooms
-Cesarean section/surgical suites
-Nurses break room
-Doctors break room
-Conference room
Semi Private:
-Nurseries/special care nurseries
-Nurse stations
Support:
-Files
-Equipment rooms
Special Use:
-Supply room
-Clean linen supply
Outdoor Spaces:
-Gardens
-Courtyards
The Space Criteria (number of square feet per person/unit) For Those Spaces
Institutional Areas- Inpatient Treatment Areas: 240 gross
Institutional Areas- Sleeping Areas: 120 gross
Locker Rooms: 50 gross
Educational- Classroom Areas: 20 net
[Floor area in sq. ft. per occupant]
Typical Relationships of Spaces for These Functions
Suggested to be centrally located:
Cesarean Section/Surgical Suites
Nurseries (but also need to be tucked away for security issues)
Waiting Areas (need to work well with all entrances and exits)
Nurse stations must be placed conveniently in relation to patients
Nurse break rooms and doctor break rooms could be next to each other
Consideration must be given to how we find and then approach the birthing unit once inside the
Hospital
Must have an easy route from the outside door to the birthing center entrance
Public arrival area should be a transition space
Corridors should be familiar and welcoming, hotel like, where room entries are highlighted in
recessed openings
extensiveresearch14
Typical Ratios of Assignable Square Footage to Gross Square Footage
Net: all areas within the exterior walls minus corridors, restrooms, utility closets, etc.
Gross: all areas within the exterior walls
Labor/delivery/recovery room: 390 nsf
Labor/delivery/recovery isolation: 390 nsf
Dedicated labor/delivery/recovery toilet/shower: 60 nsf
Dedicated labor/delivery/recovery equipment storage: 50 nsf
Nurse station: 150 nsf
Medication preperation: 100 nsf
Nourishment room: 100 nsf
Exam prep/triage room: 160 nsf
Exam prep/triage toilet: 50 nsf
Anesthesia workroom: 120 nsf
Anesthesia storage: 40 nsf
Nursery observation: 160 nsf
Nursery isolation: 100 nsf
Cesarean birth room: 400 nsf
Recovery room: 240 nsf
Scrub/gown area: 70 nsf
Sterile supply: 100 nsf
Equipment clean up: 80 nsf
Dedicated janitor closet: 40 nsf
Waiting room: 120 nsf
Waiting room toilet: 50 nsf
Vending area: 40 nsf
Teaching/educational room: 120 nsf
Nurse supervisor office: 120 nsf
Physician charting/dictation: 80 nsf
Conference/report room: 250 nsf
[See Labor & Delivery/Obstetric Unit programming handout for additional information]
Regional Issues
-Regional Codes
-Healthcare Codes
-Specific Codes for Building Type
Occupancy Classification: Institutional
ICC International Building Code: I-2 Institutional, Healthcare
NFPA Life Safety Code and NFPA 5000: H, Healthcare
Finishes
Wood is sometimes preferred because the texture and the appearance are domestic and have a
natural feeling
Soft materials
Easily cleanable
Lighting
Lighting is critically important
Natural light should be available and used
Supports biorhythms of the body
Knowing if it is day or night is an important orientation
Light affects mood and stimulates people physiologically, as well as psychologically
extensiveresearch15
Ceiling/Acoustics
Soundproofing is required so that the room is quiet on the inside and women feel they can make
noise during labor without being overheard
This will also prevent worry of people in the waiting room
Technical/Mechanical/Electrical/Security
Oxygen, suction, and nitrous oxide should be stored behind cupboards and a service panel
exposed by pulling open doors or dropping a table down
Women want the assurance of this technology, but they do not want to see it
Other Notes
The mother should be able to control the room- lights, temperature, who comes in
An alcove at the entry of her room can provide a place to wash hands and a cupboard for
supplies before entry to the room
Her room should be an atmosphere of cleanliness and order and contain feminine symbols of
beauty, wholeness, and harmony
There should be a cupboard to provide adequate space for the womans belongings
Designed for easy access, and for quick unpacking and repacking
The second most important feature of the labor room according to women is a whirlpool or large
Bathtub
Not to be in the center of the space, but drawn over to one side of the room
One side of the bath should face a corner and is not able to be approached from all sides
The womens rooms must have a private restroom with a toilet, sink, and shower
Women often feel more comfortable leaning on something while standing
Should be tiered soft-covered benches along a wall so that the patient can lie or sit on them
The bed must not be the focus of the room
It is preferable that the bed is pushed out of the way, for example behind the door, and the
balance of the room left for multiple activities to suit the woman during labor
Most women do not use the bed when alternatives are offered
The beds need to be low and it needs to move
It needs to be possible to lean against the bed
If the bed screams of technical clinical procedures then the whole birth experience will reflect
this style of labor and birth
siteresearch16
labor delivery recovery postpartum
exam/prep room operation room physician station
nursery nurse!s station
siteresearch17
Notes from Hospital Tour
General Notes:
o Architect: ACI Bolland
o Separate service entrance
o Many units are locked, LMH has sensors to activate locking
o All staff rooms are padlocked
o Service elevator
o Two patient elevators
o Carpet in hallways; noise reduction
o All equipment on wheels
o All patient rooms have wooden laminate flooring, wall covering, and paint
o Wall coverings must meet fire code, VOC free, and extremely cleanable
o All rooms have curtain right after the entry for privacy (like a privacy wall in a RR)
o Consider bariatrics everywhere- patient rooms, waiting areas, etc.
o Floor base= important! Must be tall enough to tolerate equipment bumping around
o Corner guards on all corners in rooms would be very helpful!
o All rooms must be wired for fetal monitor, should they need to be used
o All hallways have 2x2 ceiling tiles and mirror balls around corners (important!)
o Hand sanitizer dispensers everywhere!
o All clocks are atomic- hooked up together
o Noise control is huge!
o Art work in the halls
o Lots of connecting spaces!
o Get physicians and clinicians input about work flow; their comfort will affect patient care
o Numadic tube system on both LDR and P sides
o Every patient room should have a headwall- protects the wall and has amenities for patient care
o All toilets need to have the sprayer than lowers down into bowl (all patient rooms)
o Consider double beds in some labor rooms
Labor Delivery Recovery Side
Triage:
Notes-
Two rooms separated by a door
Shared toilet between the two rooms
Shared equipment storage
It would be ideal to have each room completely private
Furniture-
Bed; curtain around
Sliding table/table on wheels
Desk/counter and chair; lots of storage!
Equipment-
Cardio/respitory monitor
Monitor
Unit for equipment
Phone
Clock
Sharps box
siteresearch18
LDR (8):
Notes-
Walk in, small closet on right for patient belongings
Counter with sink; lots of storage above and below
Restroom: toilet, sink, mirror, whirlpool tub; two emergency pulls
Two large windows; really nice
Two wall sconces (plastic)
Furniture-
Table with two chairs
Bed
Bed side table
Over the bed table
"Roll out couch", similar to pull out but it rolls out along the wall not into the space
Equipment-
Infant warmer assessment; "panda warmer"; this includes oxygen and suction for emergency needs, scale
included
Concealed equipment for baby in a quilt box
Infusion pump assembly/pole (by the bed)
Fetal monitoring cabinet
Call system: code blue, staff assistance, etc.
Double door closet: supply table for labor, physician stool, baby crib, procedure light
On walls: white board, television, clock
Dirty trash (must be covered)
Dirty linen (must be covered)
Sharps box (cant store anything below!)
Emi bag dispencer
*Add built in fans into the lights, woman controls them; at the head of the bed
Physician Area:
Desk
Large whiteboard for mad/schedule
LDR Nurse Station:
Six stations; 3-4 use at a time (all with monitors)
Equipment:
B/b/f
D/d/f
Slave- view only monitor
Three phones
Clock
Oxygen/suction readings on the wall
Doorway to storage/work area:
Equipment:
Work surface
Copy/fax machine
Printers
Mail slots
siteresearch19
Lots of storage
Another door straight to nursery
Large Equipment Room:
Air mattresses
Balls
Mirrors
*It would be helpful to have balls and mirrors in each room
Clean Utility Room:
Sink and counter included
Equipment:
Electronic supply station (probably 10 or 12 feet long and 6 high)
Warmer; warmed blankets
Two entries: main hallway and sterile hallway
Soiled Utility:
Large trash
Red trash= biohazardous
Linen collection
Recycling
Equipment:
Dirty instrument cart
Running water area in corner- mostly for maintenance
Small refrigerator- stem cell study
Two entries: main hallway and sterile hallways
In Hallway:
Equipment:
Sink, coffee, microwave, ice chips, water "nourishment center"
Sink, counter, and storage
House keeping closet
Alcove for equipment
Surgical/Sterile Area
In Hallway:
Storage for surgical preperation; cabinets and drawers with a counter
Put on cap and foot covers before entering surgical area
A waiting chair for the partner to wait before the woman is situated
Hand sanitizer
Automatic door opener (button) *add a badge reader for entrance/exit
Once inside main doors:
Door on right= clean utilities
Straight and door to left: OR 1 and OR 2
Also a direct door to the nursery
siteresearch20
Equipment:
2 large sinks to scrub in, scrub on the walls
Medication station
Alert medication gas alarm- oxygen, med air, med vac.
Refrigerator
Large sharps bin
Back door leads to physician lounge and staff locker rooms
Operation Rooms (2):
Notes-
Big and bright!
Lights above-find of details
Gloves on wall
Bullitun board: posts lots of notes *has to be able to be washed down, non-porous
*Ideal to have both ORs the exact same, that way there is no confusion among staff; you can quickly grab
something, etc.
68 degrees and a certain amount of humidity: tricky balance between patient, physician, and anesthesia
comfort, must keep baby warm, moms tissues cannot heal as fast if they are cold, keep extra blankets
available
Furniture-
Bed in the middle of the space, bed called "surgical table"
Equipment-
Anesthesia machine sits at the head of the bed (not attached)
Warmer
Cabinet: recessitation equipment for the baby
Clock
Computer on wheels
Stainless steel surgical back table- rolls to the foot of the bed
Mayo stand
Knobs on wall for med vac, med air, and oxygen
Warming cabinet
Two more supply cases
Risers for staff
Two sharps boxes
Another mayo stand, used for prep
"Never has enough flat surfaces"
What would be ideal is a surface that flips down from the wall
Lighting control system
Fetal monitoring cabinet
Two suction stations; 1 for mom, 1 for baby
Anesthesia cart for emergency mode
Slave monitor
Fire extinguisher (needs cabinet around), add a CO2 extinguisher and cabinet
Phone
Call buttons by the door
Server closet outside of the main surgical doors
Recovery Rooms for Surgeries (2 in 1):
siteresearch21
Notes-
Patient switches out of this to a postpartum room after recovery (stay in bed, move bed)
Two bed recovery room, curtains dividing *not ideal
Door in between the two beds leads to clean utility room
No family allowed except for partner and baby
Furniture-
Bed
Night stand
Guest chair
Equipment-
Monitoring system
Nurse Locker Room:
Before entrance there is an area to hang scrubs
Lockers should be full length
Shower not necessary
An idea: mailboxes incorporated somehow on lockers
2 toilets and 2 sinks
There is a door from locker room area to surgical core
Physician Lounge:
A few full length lockers
Furniture:
1 bed (only one bed is appropriate)
Desk
Couch and ottoman
Side table
Equipment:
Computer and television
Phone
Restroom with toilet, sink, and shower
Sleeper Room:
Across the hall from locker rooms
1 bed and side table
Restroom
Isolation Room:
Notes-
Name it something different!
When the baby has to stay longer than the mother, a room for the mother to stay
Or, if the patient has chicken pox, TB, etc.
Isolation Postpartum
There is negative pressure in the room; air doesnt circulate with the rest of the hospital, filtered out
separately
Didnt see in it
siteresearch22
Parinatal Loss:
A private room dedicated for parinatal loss
Memory boxes etc., education
Happens about 1/month
Medication Room:
Shared by nursery nurses and labor nurses
Equipment:
Medicine supply station
Refrigerator component
Docking station
Cabinets and drawers with supplies
2 supply carts: one for labor epidurals and one for extra instruments
Sharps box
Hazardous waste container- liquids and solids in one
Nursery:
Notes-
*Important- must be centrally located between labor and postpartum sides
Circumcision room right off of entry
Viewing window- needs to be lowered
Another door leads to sterile core
4 areas for special care babies; healthy babies are brought in when mom needs alone time, they stay in
their own warmer or bassenette
Around the special care babies: double doors would be ideal instead of curtains to conceal breast feeding
More storage is needed
House keeping closet
Another door for linen cart or radiology to enter
Convenient for the nursery nurses to visit the restroom
This door needs a window but must have a privacy pull down shade
Furniture:
Rocking chair
Equipment:
Lullaby button
Scale
Warmer
Hearing machine
Computer on wheels
Cabinet for linens, formula, feeding supplies, etc.
Sink and a counter space, lots of storage below
Another small warmer
Electronic supply station
Nurses Station; 4 spots
siteresearch23
Exit: another alcove in the hallway for baby storage
Postpartum Side
Elevator from Emergency Department
Code blue cart located outside of emergency elevator
Electrical Closet
Dirty Utility Room: Same items as before
Clean Utility Room: Same items as before
Nurse Station:
4 computers, but they all said that they need more space!
Patient census board
A door leads to nourishment room: refrigerator, sink, counter space, cabinets, ice/H20 machine,
microwave
Medication Room: Same items as before
Directors Office
Nurse Educator Office
Postpartum Rooms (11):
Notes-
Accommodates LDR transfers and C-Section patients after recovery
If all filled, patients can stay in the LDR rooms
Slightly smaller than LDR
At entrance: sink/counter with lots of storage below
Restroom: toilet, sink, whirlpool, emergency pulls?
Furniture-
Bed
Guest chair and ottoman
Roll out couch
Table with two chairs
Night stand
Over the bed table
Equipment-
Television
White board on wall
Shelves for womans belongings
Emi bags on wall
Sharps box
Computer that stays in the room (not on wheels)
Vital sign monitor
Concealed cabinet: oxygen and suction hookups
Locked system for meds
Soft lighting sconces
siteresearch24
Patient closet: more drawers
Conference Room:
3 double door closets- education stuff, office stuff, patient stuff
Conference table and chairs- sometimes need to accommodate for 20
Equipment:
Slave monitor
Television- networked to computer system
Education Room:
Must have a patient bed in it
Preadministration Office:
Furniture:
Desk
Two crushed cans- for guests
Equipment:
Copy machine
TV on cart and videos
Cabinet and storage
Breast Pump Room:
Two stations- available to anyone within the whole hospital; even staff
Coffee Station in the hallway
Waiting Room:
This is the waiting area for labor
Accommodates about 16 people; remember to consider bariatrics
Retail Area:
"The Perfect Fit"
Breast feeding supplies
Other supplies
Weighing stations for baby- to see if theyre processing the milk
Professionals can observe a feeding
They encourage breast feeding so that want to make it as easy as possible
layoutresearch25
Delivery
Labor Recovery
Postpartum
Factor: Labor Delivery Recovery Labor Delivery Recovery
P t t Postpartum
The cost to build new facilities Lower cost- Require fewer
rooms
Higher Cost- need more rooms
because patients do not leave
room
The annual operating budget Higher Cost- need to clean and Lower Cost- Only one room The annual operating budget Higher Cost- need to clean and
maintain more rooms because
each patient uses two
Lower Cost- Only one room
used by each patient
The number of annual births at the
hospital
Better for hospitals with high
birth rates
Better for hospitals with lower
birth rates
that based on
The Staff Staff are required to move more
patients, also have to learn a
new system
Staff are required to learn a
system even more different than
they are used to
The Hospital and Community
Demographics
Better for larger hospitals and
communities
Better for smaller hospitals and
communities
overall better
e og ap cs co u es co u es
Four stakeholders to consider while evaluating the space:
1. Patients
2. Care providers (physicians, nurses, allied health professionals)
3. Administrators
4. Family
layoutresearch26
LDR vs. LDRP
Pros of LDRP:
Patients generally prefer LDRP to LDR
The staff throughout the whole unit is the same, so the patients family gets to know them well, and vise
versa
The mother stays in the bed before and after the delivery (after cleanup), no unnecessary moving
The patient "checks in" to their one room, similar to a hotel
Her belongings stay with her, fewer lost possessions
Larger rooms than LDR and more private
The patients are able to make their room a home away from home
Saves on housekeeping between patients and rooms; you do a major cleanup only after delivery
From a patient and designer point of view, LDRP is preferred
From a nurses perspective, LDR is preferred
Who: Physical Emotional
the mother and baby
Mother -Is Safer
-More efficient access
to equipment
-Has more dignity during stay
-Is more educated about caring for
baby
I f t bl -Is more comfortable
-Is calmer during labor and delivery
-Has more choice
-An overall better experience
-Able to spend more time with family
Baby -Care more related to
state
-Less crying
-More contact with care giver
-Care more related to state
-Less indeterminate
-More quiet sleep than
in a nursery
layoutresearch27
Toilet and Bathtub
Labor/birthing space
Medical Equipment Storage
Baby examination/sleeping
space Family Space
This is an example of the room layout for
an LDRP This diagram shows how the space Family Space an LDRP. This diagram shows how the
room is used both during labor and the
birth. This room is larger than a typical
patients room, which allows for a more
family-centered experience. This space is
also flexible which allows the space to
accommodate each stage of the birth
process.
access the medical equipment
without disturbing mother
Separate exam space for
baby and sleeping space
after birth
Malkin, 1992
LDRP room should be large enough to accommodate the mother!s family along with
the doctor and nursing staff
There must be space to hold the medical equipment when it is not needed
There must be space for mother!s belongings to accommodate her throughout her
stay
There should be space for the baby following birth
Space for evaluating newborn should be away from mother to prevent crowding
[Malkin, 1992]
Walls should include sound-deadening materials to prevent noise transfer between
rooms
Signage should be clear and each room should be easily identifiable
layoutresearch28
Equipment should should
be located at eye
level for nurses and
·Seating for family
· Armoire for patient
Equipment should be located at eye level for nurses and doctors
Seating for family members
Armoire for patient belongings
A mirror that can be positioned to allow mother to see the birth
Television and DVD player
Built in cabinets for storage of medical supplies
Items for birth process (birthing ball, calming music)
personnelorganizationchart29
director of unit
nurse educator
nurse supervisor
charge nurse
LDRP nurse LDRP nurse LDRP nurse
nursery nurse
mother-baby nurse mother-baby nurse
lactation consultant
MCN tech
paC nurse
birth check
retail/gift shop
charge nurse
LDRP nurse
nursery nurse
mother-baby nurse mother-baby nurse
LDRP nurse
MCN tech
Day Shift:
Night Shift:
detailedspacelisting30
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detailedspacelisting31
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equipmentschedule39
note: standard sizes to be specified by hospital purchasing agent
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equipmentschedule40
note: standard sizes to be specified by hospital purchasing agent
F
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equipmentschedule41
note: standard sizes to be specified by hospital purchasing agent
F
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n
c
t
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n
R
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e
F
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l
e

R
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m
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6
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S
spacestudies42
Exam/Prep Room
T-typ 1, T-typ 2, T-typ 3
Sqft: 271
Quantity: 2
Furniture Required:
Bed/exam table
Sliding table on wheels
Physician stool
Guest seat
Unit with sink and storage
Physician chair
Equipment Required:
See page 37
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Triage
spacestudies43
Single Patient Room
LDRP-typ 1, LDRP-typ 2, LDRP-typ 3
Sqft: 633
Quantity: 12
Furniture Required:
Bed
Bed side table
Table with two chairs
Guest chair
Over the bed table
Pull out/roll out sofa
Equipment Required:
See page 37
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
spacestudies44
Nurse Station
LDRP-typ 4
Sqft: 285
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Worksurface
Five management chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 37
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Physician Station
LDRP-typ 5
Sqft: 26
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Desk
Management chair
Equipment Required:
See page 37
spacestudies45
Medication Preperation
LDRP-typ 6
Sqft: 142
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 37
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Large Equipment Storage
LDRP-typ 7
Sqft: 240
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 37
spacestudies46
Soiled Utility Room, Clean Utility Room
LDRP-typ 8, LDRP-typ 9
Sqft: 72, 72
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 38
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Anesthesia Workroom, Anesthesia Storage
LDRP-typ 10, LDRP-typ 11
Sqft: 69, 69
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 38
spacestudies47
Nursery
LDRP-typ 12
Sqft: 400
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Lounge chair
Ottoman
Worksurface
Management chair
Equipment Required:
See page 38
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
spacestudies48
Patient and Family Lounge
LDRP-typ 13
Sqft: 1740
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Variety of soft seating
Tables
Equipment Required:
See page 38
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Public Restroom
LDRP-typ 14
Sqft: 51
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 38
spacestudies49
Operation Room
SS-typ 1
Sqft: 615
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Surgical table
Equipment Required:
See page 38
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Surgical/Sterile
spacestudies50
Postpartum Room
SS-typ 2
Sqft: 326
Quantity: 4
Furniture Required:
Bed
Nightstand
Guest chair
Nurse workstation
Equipment Required:
See page 39
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Surgical/Sterile
Isolation Room
SS-typ 3
Sqft: 324
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Bed
Nightstand
Guest chair
Nurse workstation
Equipment Required:
See page 39
spacestudies51
Scrub/Gown Area
SS-typ 4
Sqft: 47
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Storage for scrubs/gown
Guest chair
Equipment Required:
See page 39
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Surgical/Sterile
Soiled Utility Room, Clean Utility Room
SS-typ 5, SS-typ 6
Sqft: 72, 72
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 39
spacestudies52
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Surgical/Sterile
Medication Room
SS-typ 9
Sqft: 142
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 39
Anesthesia Workroom, Anesthesia Storage
SS-typ 7, SS-typ 8
Sqft: 69, 69
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 39
Nurse Station
SS-typ 10
Sqft: 285
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Worksurface
Five management chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 39
spacestudies53
Director of Unit
SA-typ 1
Sqft: 144
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Desk
Management Chair
Two guest chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 40
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Staff and Administration
Nurse Educator
SA-typ 2
Sqft: 120
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Desk
Management chair
Two guest chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 40
Preadministration
SA-typ 3
Sqft: 106
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Desk
Management Chair
Two guest chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 40
spacestudies54
Conference Room
SA-typ 4
Sqft: 808
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Primary conference table
Secondary conference table
Chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 40
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Staff and Administration
spacestudies56
Physician Lounge
SA-typ 6
Sqft: 289
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Bed
Desk
Management chair
Sofa
Equipment Required:
See page 40
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Staff and Administration
Physician Sleeper Room
SA-typ 8
Sqft: 189
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Bed
Side table
Equipment Required:
See page 40
spacestudies58
Family Consultation Room
PF-typ 4
Sqft: 326
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Soft seating
Small conference table
Four guest chairs
Equipment Required:
See page 40
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Patient and Family
Educational Room
PF-typ 5
Sqft: 528
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Patient bed
Equipment Required:
See page 40
spacestudies59
Breast Pump Room
PF-typ 6
Sqft: 144
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
Two lounge chairs
Two ottomans
Two side tables
Equipment Required:
See page 40
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Patient and Family
Retail/Gift Shop
PF-typ 7
Sqft: 528
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 40
spacestudies60
Equipment Storage
S-typ 1
Sqft: 100
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Support
Linen Supply
S-typ 2
Sqft: 142
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
Trash and Linen Collection
S-typ 3
Sqft: 60
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
spacestudies61
Strecher/Wheelchair Storage
S-typ 4
Sqft: 47
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
scale: 1/8”=1!-0”
Support
Nourishment Room
S-typ 5
Sqft: 78
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
File Room
S-typ 6
Sqft: 104
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
Housekeeping Closet
S-typ 7
Sqft: 52
Quantity: 1
Furniture Required:
n/a
Equipment Required:
See page 41
adjacencydiagram62
Restroom
Equipment
Storage
LDRP Single Patient Room
[12]
Restroom
Equipment
Storage
Physician
Station
Medication
Preperation
Large Equipment
Storage
Clean
Utility Room
Operation Room
[1]
Isolation
Room
Scrub/Gown
Area
Medication
Room
Nurse
Station
Director
of Unit
Nurse
Educator
Preadministration
Office
Conference
Room
Nurse
Lounge
Nurse
Locker Room
Physician
Lounge
Physician
Sleeper Room
Waiting
Room
Restroom
Vending Room
Family
Consultation Room
Educational
Room
Breast Pump
Room
Retail/Gift
Shop
Equipment
Storage
Linen
Supply
Trash and Linen
Collection
Strecther/Wheelchair
Storage
Nourishment
Room File
Room
Housekeeping
Closet
Exam/Prep Room
[2]
Nurse
Station
Soiled
Utility Room
Anesthesia
Workroom
Anesthesia
Storage
Nursery
Patient/Family
Lounge
Public
Restroom
Postpartum
Room
[4]
Triage and Exam
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Sterile and Surgical
Staff and Administration
Patient and Family
Support Spaces
Essential Interaction
Desireable Interaction
Corridor space that serves as transition
blockingdiagram63
Triage and Exam
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Sterile and Surgical
Staff and Administration
Patient and Family
Additional Support Spaces
scale=n/a
Staff Elevator
Staff Stairs
Public Elevator
Public Stairs
bubblediagram64
Triage and Exam
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
Sterile and Surgical
Staff and Administration
Patient and Family
Additional Support Spaces
scale=n/a
Operation Room
Postpartum Postpartum Postpartum Postpartum
Isolation
Room
N.S
N.S
Nurse
Lounge
Nurse
Locker Rm
Physician
Lounge
Physician
Sleeper Rm
Conference
Room
Director
of Unit
Nurse
Educator
Pre
Admin
Educational
Room
Family
Consult.
Rm.
Breast
Pump
Rm.
Patient and Family
Lounge
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
LDRP
Patient Rm
Waiting Room
Retail/Gift Shop
Exam/Prep Exam/Prep
S.U C.U
M.R
A.W A.S
Scrub and
Gown Area
Nursery
Physician Station
Medication
Preperation
Large Equipment
Storage
Add. Public
Restaurant
F.R
H.K
Equipment
Storage
LS
T.L C
N.R
Strecher and
Wheelchair Storage
growthprojections65
The concept of obstetric units is evolving each year. Formally, an area of a hospital designated to child
birth suited physiological needs only. Women were not offered options in their birthing process, and they
were assigned to rooms that resembled an intensive care unit. Over time, obstetric units have changed
the focus from an individual to a family.
Currently, family involvement and interaction is a key concept and incorporated throughout each phase of
the design. Patient rooms are designed to accommodate for families and overnight stays. Kitchenettes
are frequently included to promote independence within each room.
Future projections indicate that family involvement will only increase and obstetric units must satisfy this
need. Ones visit to an obstetric unit is now similar to going on vacation. Future spaces of this unit may
include a restaurant specific to the unit apart from the hospitals cafeteria, a large play area suitable for
siblings, a small one-theater movie display room, and an increase of outdoor spaces available to patients
and their families. These spaces will allow patients and their support to enjoy each others company in a
less institutionalized environment while still in the healing process.
As society evolves, this unit must be able to support the social context, psychology of the patients and
their families, and must represent our culture of independence, creativity, and comfort.
The labor delivery recovery postpartum area of this unit currently contains excess space that could be
used to satisfy some of these future needs. In addition to this space, it may be convenient to take
advantage of an adjacent floor to house entertainment spaces such as the restaurant, theater, and other
social based spaces. This projection considers a five year growth plan.
budgetprojections66
Exam/Prep Room; T-typ 1 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 218 520 52
Quantity 2 2 2
Average Cost $4.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,744.00 $20,800.00 $120.00 $22,664.00
Exam/Prep Toilet; T-typ 2 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Linoleum Paint Rubber
Sqft 53 280 28
Quantity 2 2 2
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $424.00 $80.00 $60.00 $564.00
Triage
LDRP Single Patient Room; LDRP-typ 1 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 560 1140 114
Quantity 12 12 12
Average Cost $4.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $26,880.00 $273,600.00 $1,380.00 $301,860.00
LDRP Single Patient Restroom; LDRP-typ 2 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Linoleum Paint Rubber
Sqft 73 320 32
Quantity 12 12 12
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $3,504.00 $440.00 $380.00 $4,324.00
Nurse Station; LDRP-typ 4 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 285 340 34
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,425.00 $6,800.00 $40.00 $8,265.00
Nursery; LDRP-typ 12 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Linoleum Paint Rubber
Sqft 400 820 82
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,600.00 $120.00 $80.00 $1,800.00
Patient/Family Lounge; LDRP-typ 13 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 1740 16800 168
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $8,700.00 $336,000.00 $160.00 $344,860.00
Public Restroom; LDRP-typ 14 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Ceramic Tile Paint Ceramic Tile
Sqft 51 280 28
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.50 $40/gallon $4.50
Total Cost $229.50 $40.00 $126.00 $395.50
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum
budgetprojections67
Operation Room; SS-typ 1 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Sheet Vinyl Flooring Paint Rubber
Sqft 615 1120 112
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $2,460.00 $120.00 $120.00 $2,700.00
Postpartum Room; SS-typ 2 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 326 690 69
Quantity 4 4 4
Average Cost $4.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $5,216.00 $55,200.00 $280.00 $60,696.00
Isolation Room; SS-typ 3 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 324 600 60
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,296.00 $12,000.00 $60.00 $13,356.00
Nurse Station; SS-typ 10 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Paint Rubber
Sqft 285 340 34
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,425.00 $40.00 $40.00 $1,505.00
Surgical/Sterile
budgetprojections68
Director of Unit; SA-typ 1 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 144 480 48
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $720.00 $9,600.00 $60.00 $10,380.00
Nurse Educator; SA-typ 2 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 120 440 44
Quantity 4 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $2,400.00 $8,800.00 $60.00 $11,260.00
Pre Administration; SA-typ 3 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 106 420 42
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $530.00 $8,400.00 $40.00 $8,970.00
Conference Room; SA-typ 4 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 808 1120 112
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $4,040.00 $22,400.00 $120.00 $26,560.00
Nurse Lounge; SA-typ 5 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Linoleum Paint Rubber
Sqft 445 820 82
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,780.00 $80.00 $80.00 $1,940.00
Nurse Locker Room; SA-typ 6 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Sheet Vinyl Flooring Paint Rubber
Sqft 289 630 63
Quantity 4 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $4,624.00 $80.00 $60.00 $4,764.00
Physician Lounge; SA-typ 7 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Sheet Vinyl Flooring Paint Rubber
Sqft 340 660 66
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,360.00 $80.00 $60.00 $1,500.00
Physician Sleeper Room; SA-typ 8 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Sheet Vinyl Flooring Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 189 420 42
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $756.00 $8,400.00 $40.00 $9,196.00
Staff and Administration
budgetprojections69
Waiting Room; PF-typ 1 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 1350 1240 124
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $6,750.00 $24,800.00 $60.00 $31,610.00
Waiting Room Toilet; PF-typ 2 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Ceramic Tile Paint Ceramic Tile
Sqft 106 430 43
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.50 $40/gallon $4.50
Total Cost $477.00 $80.00 $193.50 $750.50
Family Consultation Room; PF-typ 4 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 326 740 74
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $1,630.00 $14,800.00 $80.00 $16,510.00
Educational Room; PF-typ 5 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish 24"x24" Carpet Tile Vinyl Wallcovering Rubber
Sqft 528 700 70
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $5.00 $20.00 $20/20' strip
Total Cost $2,640.00 $14,000.00 $80.00 $16,720.00
Breast Pump Room; PF-typ 6 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Paint Rubber
Sqft 144 470 47
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $576.00 $80.00 $40.00 $696.00
Retail/Gift Shop; PF-typ 7 Floor (sqft) Wall (sqft) Wall Base (ft)
Finish Vinyl Wood Flooring Paint Rubber
Sqft 528 940 94
Quantity 1 1 1
Average Cost $4.00 $40/gallon $20/20' strip
Total Cost $2,112.00 $120.00 $80.00 $2,312.00
Patient and Family
Triage $23,228.00
Labor Delivery Recovery Postpartum $661,504.50
Surgical/Sterile $78,257.00
Staff and Administration $74,570.00
Patient and Family $68,598.50
Total $906,158.00
programmingsummary70
Growing Families Birthing Center represents two aspects. First, it is equipped to support the technology
required to allow a successful and fluent birth. It supports planned and unplanned cesarean sections
while avoiding complications and transfers to another surgical unit. It is important to patients to feel that
they are surrounded with the safety of technology and equipment without having it visible.
Second, this facility will be designed to feel like home. This factor cannot be stressed enough. Comforts
of home relieve anxiety and stress. This also allows the baby to be born into an environment that
promotes warmth, serenity, and safety. A labor delivery recovery postpartum [LDRP] plan is executed to
increase patient and family comfort. An LDRP plan states that a patient spends their entire stay in one
room. This eliminates the stress of moving from room to room, keeping track of belongings, worrying
about visitor wayfinding, and other unnecessary worries. It also allows for patients and their families to
really get to know the personnel working with them, for the same individuals are assigned to each room
per stay.
Growing families encourages mothers and babies to stay together. A nursery offers a place for babies to
go when mothers need private resting time, or to be monitored. There are also four bassinettes available
in the nursery for special-care infants. The home-like patient rooms encourage family involvement and
accommodate sleeping arrangements. A kitchenette is included in patient rooms to allow more time with
the mother. A patient and family lounge permits indoor and outdoor space to socialize without being far
from medical support. An educational room offers prenatal and parenting classes for families to learn
together. Growing Families allows the patient to be in charge of lighting, temperature control, alternative
birthing options, and most of all privacy of their room.
Many areas posed inspiration for this birthing center. I toured and studied Lawrence Memorial Hospital
located in Lawrence, Kansas. This hospital accommodates a number similar to that of Growing Families.
Though this hospital offers a labor delivery recovery plan with separate postpartum, I learned a great deal
exploring the units spaces and observed the interaction of personnel to their space. Extensive research
provided necessary protocol to follow, and interviews with former/expecting patients provided an insight
that could not be gained through traditional readings.
These programming documents serve as a comprehensive report detailing the programming
requirements for this structure. They will now guide the continuation of the design process.

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