Ikea

IKEA
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IKEA

Type

Private

Industry

Retail

Founded

Älmhult, Sweden (1943)

Founder

Ingvar Kamprad

Headquarters

Delft,[1] Netherlands

Area served

Europe
Asia
North America
Oceania
Africa
Atlantic

Key people
Peter Agnefjäll
(Chairman and CEO)
Products

Self-assembly furniture

Revenue

€29.293 billion (2014)[2]

Operating income

€3.793 billion (2014)[2]

Net income

€3.329 billion (2014)[2]

Total assets

€44.667 billion (2014)[2]

Total equity

€31.608 billion (2014)[2]

Owner

Stichting INGKA Foundation

Number of employees

147,000 (2014)[2]

Website

www.ikea.com

IKEA (/aɪˈkiːə/; Swedish: [ɪˈkeːˈa][3]) is a multinational group of companies that designs and
sells ready-to-assemble furniture (such asbeds, chairs and desks), appliances, small motor
vehicles and home accessories. As of January 2008, it is the world's largest furniture retailer.
[4]
Founded in Sweden in 1943 by then-17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad, who was listed as one of the
world's richest people in 2013,[5] the company's name is an acronym that consists of the initials
of Ingvar Kamprad, Elmtaryd (the farm where he grew up), and Agunnaryd (his hometown
in Småland, south Sweden).[6] The company is known for its modern architectural designs for
various types of appliances and furniture, and its interior design work is often associated with
an eco-friendly simplicity.[7] In addition, the firm is known for its attention to cost control,
operational details, and continuous product development, corporate attributes that allowed IKEA
to lower its prices by an average of two to three percent over the decade to 2010 during a period
of global expansion. The IKEA group has a complex corporate structure and is controlled by
several foundations based in the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein. [8]
As of August 2015, IKEA owns and operates 373 stores in 47 countries. [9] In fiscal year
2010, US$23.1 billion worth of goods were sold, a total that represented a 7.7 percent increase
over 2009.[10] The IKEA website contains about 12,000 products and is the closest representation
of the entire IKEA range. There were over 470 million visitors to IKEA's websites in the year from
September 2007 to September 2008.[11] The company is responsible for approximately 1% of
world commercial-product wood consumption, making it one of the largest users of wood in the
retail sector.[12]
Contents
[hide]



1History



2Store design



o

2.1Layout

o

2.2Food markets

o

2.3Småland

3Products and services
o

3.1Furniture

o

3.2Houses and flats


3.2.1Solar PV systems

o

3.3Retail

o

3.4Family Mobile

o

3.5Manufacturing



History[edit]

o

3.6Product names

o

3.7Catalogue

o

3.8IKEA Family loyalty card

4Corporate structure
o

4.1Profits

o

4.2Control by Kamprad

o

4.3Charitable giving

o

4.4Minimum Wage



5IKEA Social Initiative



6Environmental performance



7Negative media attention



8Criticisms
o

8.1Accusations of price gouging

o

8.2Biased branding and advertising accusations

o

8.3Errors and recalls

o

8.4Labor issues

o

8.5Operation Scandinavica

o

8.6Use of forced labor, 1980s

o

8.7Verdana typeface



9Advertising



10Other ventures



11Awards



12Countries with IKEA presence



13References



14External links

Main article: List of countries with IKEA stores

Map of IKEA stores around the world
Legend:
Current market locations
Future market locations
No current or planned market locations

The first IKEA store, located inÄlmhult in Sweden, not far from where the founder was born.
The world's largest IKEA store located near the KTX Gwangmyeong Station in Seoul Capital Area, South
Korea.

The world's second largest IKEA store, situated at Kungens Kurva inHuddinge Municipality, Sweden. This
IKEA store was opened in 1965.

IKEA store in Shenzhen, China.

IKEA store in Frisco, Texas, United States.

IKEA store at Port Island in Kobe, Japan, one of the very few IKEA stores with direct mass transit access.

Entrance to an IKEA store at the 4th floor of MegaBox in Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong.

An IKEA 4.5 Museum display at the outer precinct of the Meiji Shrine inTokyo, Japan.

Ingvar Kamprad founded IKEA in 1943 as a mostly mail-order sales business. It began to sell
furniture five years later.[10] The first Möbel-IKÉA store was opened in Älmhult, Småland, in 1958,
while the first stores outside Sweden were opened in Norway (1963) and Denmark (1969). The
stores spread to other parts of Europe in the 1970s, with the first store
outsideScandinavia opening in Switzerland (1973), followed by West Germany (1974).
Amid a high level of success, the company's West German executives accidentally opened a
store in Konstanz in 1973 instead of Koblenz.[10] Later that decade, stores opened in other parts
of the world, such as Japan (1974), Australia and Hong Kong (1975), Canada (1976), and

Singapore (1978).[citation needed] IKEA further expanded in the 1980s, opening stores in countries such
as France and Spain (1981), Canada (1982), Belgium (1984), the United States (1985), the
United Kingdom (1987), Italy (1989).[citation needed] The company then expanded into more countries in
the 1990s and 2000s. Germany, with 50 stores, is IKEA's biggest market, followed by the United
States, with 42 stores. At the end of the 2009 financial year, the IKEA group operated 267 stores
in 25 countries.[13] The first IKEA store in Latin America opened on 17 February 2010 in Santo
Domingo, Dominican Republic.[14][15] As of July 2013, the company's presence in developing
countries remains minimal.
The world's five largest IKEA stores are:
1. Gwangmyeong, Seoul Capital Area, South Korea:
59,000 m2 (640,000 sq ft)
2. Stockholm Kungens Kurva, Sweden:
55,200 m2 (594,000 sq ft)
3. Shanghai Baoshan, China: 55,032 m2 (592,360 sq ft)
4. Shanghai Pudong Beicai, China: 49,400 m2 (532,000 sq ft)
5. Wuxi, China: 49,117 m2 (528,690 sq ft)
The largest store in the Southern Hemisphere is located in Tempe, Sydney, Australia with a total
area of 39,000 m2 (420,000 sq ft).[16]The biggest store in North America is located in Montreal, in
the province of Quebec, Canada. The store was opened in 1986 in the Ville-St-Laurent area, and
was completely renovated and expanded in 2012-2013. Built in 1986, the store's initial area was
22,062 m2(237,470 sq ft), while the renovated store now measures 43,636 m2 (469,690 sq ft).
In 2014, IKEA opened its first warehouse in Croatia, near Zagreb.[17] Due to problems with
building permissions, the construction was postponed to 28 August 2013. [18] Eventually, the
warehouse opened its doors on 21 August 2014.[19] The shopping centre in Zagreb with a total
area of 38,000 m2 is one of the 5 biggest in Europe and among the 10 biggest IKEA stores in the
world.[20][21][22][23] In 2013, IKEA opened its first shopping centre in Vilnius, Lithuania that is the
biggest furniture-selling mall in the Baltic states.[24]
In March 2013, IKEA opened its first outlet in Qatar, after a delay of several months. [25][26] Like
others in the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Doha outlet is operated by the Al-Futtaim Group.[27] In
August 2013, the first store in the Baltic States was opened in the Vilnius region of Lithuania.
Construction of the 26,500 sq ft (2,500 m2) store commenced in 2011 and the store employs over
200 people.[28]
In July 2014 IKEA announced it would open its first store in India in the city of Hyderabad, where
the local government has committed to fast track all the required paperwork and permits, as it is
seeking to attract foreign investment. The new IKEA is expected to open in 2015. [29]
In December 2014, the world's largest IKEA store at 59,000 square meters (640,000 square
feet),[30] bigger than the previously largest store in Sweden, opened near the KTX Gwangmyeong
Station, located at the heart of South Korea's Seoul Capital Area. A second store will open
in Goyang, with a third one planned in Gangdong District, Seoul.[31] IKEA plans to have 5 stores in
the country by 2020.[32]

Store design[edit]

IKEA Restaurant

The Ikea Marketplace

The Warehouse

Layout[edit]
Older IKEA stores are usually blue buildings with yellow accents (also Sweden's national colours)
and few windows. They are often designed in a one-way layout, leading customers counter
clockwise along what IKEA calls "the long natural way" designed to encourage the customer to
see the store in its entirety (as opposed to a traditional retail store, which allows a customer to go
directly to the section where the desired goods and services are displayed). There are often
shortcuts to other parts of the showroom. Newer IKEA stores, like the one in Mönchengladbach,
Germany, make more use of glass, both for aesthetics and functionality. Skylights are also now
common in the self-serve warehouses; natural lighting reduces energy costs, improves worker
morale and gives a better impression of the products.
The sequence first involves going through furniture showrooms making note of selected items.
The customer then collects a shopping cartand proceeds to an open-shelf "Market Hall"
warehouse for smaller items, then visits the "Self Serve" furniture warehouse to collect previously
noted showroom products in flat pack form. Sometimes, they are directed to collect products
from an external warehouse on the same site or at a site nearby after purchase. Finally,
customers pay for their products at a cash register.
Today, most stores follow the same layout of having the showroom upstairs with the marketplace
and self-service warehouse downstairs. Some stores are single level, while others have separate
warehouses to allow more stock to be kept on-site. Single-level stores are found predominantly
in areas where the cost of land would be less than the cost of building a 2-level store, such as

the Saarlouis, Germany andHaparanda, Sweden locations. Some stores have dual-level
warehouses with machine-controlled silos to allow large quantities of stock to be accessed
throughout the selling day.
Most IKEA stores offer an "as-is" area at the end of the warehouse, just before the cash
registers. Returned, damaged and formerly showcased products are displayed here and sold
with a significant discount, but also with a no-returns policy. Most IKEA stores communicate the
IKEA policy on environmental issues in this part of the store. The area, which is painted red, is
named according to local customs, in the United Kingdom this is referred to as "Bargain Corner",
in Sweden "FYND" (Bargains) and in Denmark, "Rodebutikken" (Rummage boutique).
In Hong Kong, where shop space is limited and costly, IKEA has opened three outlets across the
city, most of which have the one-way layout. They are part of shopping malls, and while being
tiny compared to common store design, are huge by Hong Kong standards.
The vast majority of IKEA stores are located outside of city centres, primarily because of land
cost and traffic access. Several smaller store formats have been unsuccessfully tested in the
past (the "midi" concept in the early '90s, which was tested in Ottawa and Heerlen with
9,300 m2 (100,000 sq ft), or a "boutique" shop in Manhattan). A new format for a full-size, city
centre store was introduced with the opening of the Manchester (United Kingdom) store, situated
in Ashton-Under-Lyne in 2006. Another store, in Coventry opened in December 2007. The store
has seven floors and a different flow from other Ikea stores. IKEA's Southampton store which
opened in February 2009 is also in the city centre and built in an urban style similar to the
Coventry store. IKEA built these stores in response to UK government restrictions blocking retail
establishment outside city centres.[33]
Another feature of IKEA stores is their long opening hours. Many stores are in operation 24 hours
a day with restocking and maintenance being carried out throughout the night. Public opening
hours tend to be much longer than most other retailers, with stores open well into the evening in
many countries. In the UK, almost all stores are open past 8pm and open around 9am to 10am.
IKEA Saudi Arabia stores have some of the longest opening hours worldwide being open from
10am to midnight, 7 days a week. Some IKEA stores are not open on Sundays due to local laws.
[34]

The IKEA stores are also known for the free IKEA pencils, whereby some people consider it as a
sport to collect as many of these IKEA pencils as they can during their visit.

Food markets[edit]
Every store includes a restaurant serving traditional Swedish food, including potatoes
with Swedish meatballs, cream sauce andlingonberry jam, although there are variations. In Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, the usual boiled potatoes have been replaced with French fries. Besides
these Swedish foods, hot dogs and drinks are also sold, along with a few varieties of the local
cuisine, and beverages such as lingonberry juice. Also items such as prinsesstårta (princess
cake) are sold as desserts. Stores in Israel sell kosher food with a high degree of rabbinical
supervision.[35] The kosher restaurants are separated into dairy and meat areas; falafel and nondairy ice cream are available at the exit. IKEA stores in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar and the
United Arab Emirates serve chicken shawarma at the exit café as well as beef hot dogs, while in
United Kingdom, a Quorn hot dog is available in the exit café.[36]
In many locations, the IKEA restaurants open daily before the rest of the store and serve an
inexpensive breakfast. In Canada, this breakfast includes eggs, sausage and hash browns and
various add-ons like bacon and pancakes at additional cost. In the United States, the local
variation serves scrambled eggs, bacon, country potatoes and a choice of Swedish
pancakes or French toast sticks. In the Netherlands, it consists of a croissant, a small bread roll,
butter or margarine, jam, a slice of cheese, a boiled egg and coffee or tea. In Australia, it consists
of a hash brown, bacon, scrambled eggs, a sausage and a tomato, with a vegetarian option with
baked beans which omits the sausage and bacon. [37][38][39] In Germany, this breakfast consists of
two bread rolls, one slice of smoked salmon, one slice of cheese, one slice of salami, two
portions of butter, one portion of jam, and coffee. Alcoholic drinks, like their Öl Ljus beer, are
available in some locations. Refills of coffee, tea, and soft drinks are, as is traditional in Sweden,

free of charge within store premises, even in countries where this is uncommon. In Austria, IKEA
restaurants offer a free refill policy for soft drinks, a practice that is otherwise unknown in the
country.
Every store also has a Swedish Food Market that, until 2011, sold branded Swedish prepared
specialist foods, such as meatballs, packages of gravy, lingonberry jam, various biscuits and
crackers, and salmon and fish roe spread. Later IKEA replaced most of the branded foods and
extended its product range with the introduction of the IKEA food label. The new label has a
variety of items including chocolates, meatballs, jams, pancakes, salmon, along with various
drinks. All IKEA food products are based on Swedish recipes and traditions. The majority of the
food production still takes place in Sweden by small, medium and large manufacturers,
like Gunnar Dafgård AB, which make its meatballs.

Småland[edit]
Every store has a play area, named Småland (Swedish for small lands; it is also the Swedish
province where Kamprad was born). Parents drop off their children at a gate to the playground,
and pick them up after they arrive at another entrance. In some stores, parents are given
free pagers by the on-site staff, which the staff can use to summon parents whose children need
them earlier than expected; in others, staff summon parents through announcements over the instore public address system.

Products and services[edit]
Furniture[edit]
Rather than being sold pre-assembled, much of IKEA's furniture is designed to be selfassembled. The company claims that this helps reduce costs and use of packaging by not
shipping air; the volume of a bookcase, for example, is considerably less if it is shipped
unassembled rather than assembled. This is also practical for many of the chain's European
customers, where public transport is commonly used, because the flat-pack methods allow for
easier transport via public transportation.
IKEA contends that it has been a pioneering force in sustainable approaches to mass consumer
culture.[citation needed]. Kamprad calls this "democratic design," meaning that the company applies an
integrated approach to manufacturing and design (see also environmental design). In response
to the explosion of human population and material expectations in the 20th and 21st centuries,
the company implements economies of scale, capturing material streams and creating
manufacturing processes that hold costs and resource use down, such as the extensive use
of Medium-Density Fiberboard ("MDF"), also called "particle board." It is an engineered wood
fibre glued under heat and pressure to create a building material of superior strength which is
resistant to warp. IKEA uses cabinet-grade and furniture-grade MDF in all of its MDF products,
such as PAX wardrobes and kitchen cupboards. IKEA also uses wood, plastic, and other
materials for furniture and other products. The intended result is flexible, adaptable home
furnishings, scalable both to smaller homes and dwellings as well as large houses.
Not all furniture is stocked at the store level, such as particular sofa colours needing to be
shipped from a warehouse to the customer's home (for a delivery charge). The item can also be
shipped from the warehouse to the store. Some stores charge an extra fee for this service, but
not all.[clarification needed]

Houses and flats[edit]
IKEA has also expanded its product base to include flat-pack houses, in an effort to cut prices
involved in a first-time buyer's home. (This practice is not new; the American retailerSears
Roebuck and Company sold houses under the Craftsman brand in a similar fashion (shipped flat
pack with instructions to allow the homeowner to assemble it themselves) by mail order as far
back as the 1920s; the products were so well constructed that as of 2014 there are original
1920s Craftsman houses still in use), The IKEA product, named BoKlok was launched in Sweden
in 1996 in a joint venture with Skanska. Now working in the Nordic countries and in the UK, sites

confirmed in England include London, Ashton-underLyne, Leeds, Gateshead, Warrington and Liverpool.[40]
Solar PV systems[edit]
At the end of September 2013, the company announced that solar panel packages, so-called
"residential kits", for houses will be sold at 17 UK stores by mid-2014. The decision followed a
successful pilot project at the Lakeside IKEA store, whereby one photovoltaic system was sold
almost every day. The solar CIGS panels are manufactured by Solibro GmbH a German-based
subsidiary of the Chinese company Hanergy.[41][42] By the end of 2014, IKEA began to sell Solibro's
solar residential kits in the Netherlands and in Switzerland. [43]

Retail[edit]
IKEA owns and operates a network of shopping centers MEGA.

Family Mobile[edit]
Main article: IKEA Family Mobile
On 8 August 2008, IKEA UK launched Family Mobile, a virtual mobile phone network, running
on T-Mobile.

Manufacturing[edit]
Although IKEA household products and furniture are designed in Sweden, they are largely
manufactured in developing countries to keep costs down. China accounts for about 2½ times as
much supply as Sweden. For most of its products, the final assembly is performed by the enduser (consumer).
Swedwood, an IKEA subsidiary, handles production of all of the company's wood-based
products, with the largest Swedwood factory located in Southern Poland. According to the
subsidiary, over 16,000 employees across 50 sites in 10 countries manufacture the 100 million
pieces of furniture that IKEA sells annually. IKEA furniture uses the hardwood alternative particle
board and Hultsfred, a factory in southern Sweden, is the company's sole supplier.[44]

Product names[edit]
IKEA products are identified by one-word (rarely two-word) names. Most of the names are
Scandinavian in origin. Although there are some exceptions, most product names are based on a
special naming system developed by IKEA.[45]


Upholstered furniture, coffee tables, rattan furniture,
bookshelves, media storage, doorknobs: Swedish placenames
(for example: Klippan)



Beds, wardrobes, hall furniture: Norwegian place names



Dining tables and chairs: Finnish place names



Bookcase ranges: Occupations



Bathroom articles: Scandinavian lakes, rivers and bays



Kitchens: grammatical terms, sometimes also other names



Chairs, desks: men's names



Fabrics, curtains: women's names



Garden furniture: Swedish islands



Carpets: Danish place names



Lighting: terms from music, chemistry, meteorology, measures,
weights, seasons, months, days, boats, nautical terms



Bedlinen, bed covers, pillows/cushions: flowers, plants, precious
stones



Children's items: mammals, birds, adjectives



Curtain accessories: mathematical and geometrical terms



Kitchen utensils: foreign words, spices, herbs, fish, mushrooms,
fruits or berries, functional descriptions



Boxes, wall decoration, pictures and frames, clocks: colloquial
expressions, also Swedish place names

For example, DUKTIG (meaning: clever, well-behaved) is a line of children's toys, OSLO is a
name of a bed, BILLY (a Swedish masculine name) is a popular bookcase, DINERA(meaning:
(to) dine) for tableware, KASSETT (meaning: cassette) for media storage. One range of office
furniture is named EFFEKTIV (meaning: efficient, effective), SKÄRPT(meaning: sharp or clever)
is a line of kitchen knives.
A notable exception is the IVAR shelving system, which dates back to the early 1970s. This item
is named after the item's designer.
Some of IKEA's Swedish product names have amusing or unfortunate connotations in other
languages, sometimes resulting in the names being withdrawn in certain countries. Notable
examples for English include the "Jerker" computer desk (discontinued several years ago as of
2013), "Fukta" plant spray, "Fartfull" workbench,[46] and "Lyckhem" (meaning bliss). Kitchen legs
are called FAKTUM (called AKURUM in the United States). The latest addition is the new
"Askholmen" outdoor suite. Similar blunders happen with other multinational companies. [47] See
also: Lufsig
Company founder Kamprad, who is dyslexic, found that naming the furniture with proper names
and words, rather than a product code, made the names easier to remember.[48]
IKEA uses a sales technique called "bulla bulla" in which a bunch of items are purposefully
jumbled in bins, to create the impression of volume, and therefore, inexpensiveness. [10]

Catalogue[edit]
Main article: IKEA Catalogue
IKEA publishes an annual catalogue, first published in Swedish in 1951.[49] IKEA published 197
million catalogues in 2010, in twenty languages and sixty-one editions. [10] It is considered to be
the main marketing tool of the retail giant, consuming 70% of the company's annual marketing
budget.[50]
The catalogue is distributed both in stores and by mail, [51] with most of it being produced by IKEA
Communications AB in IKEA's hometown of Älmhult, Sweden where IKEA operates the largest
photo studio in northern Europe at 8,000 square metres (86,000 sq ft).[52] The catalogue itself is
printed on chlorine-free paper of 10–15% post-consumer waste, and prints approximately 175
million copies worldwide annually,[53] more than 3 times as much as the Bible.[54]
According to Canadian broadcaster, CTV, "IKEA's publications have developed an almost cultlike following online. Readers have found all kinds of strange tidbits, including mysterious cat

pictures, apparent Mickey Mouse references and weird books wedged into the many shelves that
clutter the catalogues."
The 2013 catalogue is smartphone compatible, containing videos and photo galleries that can be
accessed via an app by scanning the catalogue's pages, while the 2014 catalog incorporates an
augmented reality app that projects an item into a real-time photograph image of the user's room.
The augmented reality app also provides an indication of the scale of IKEA objects in relation to
the user's living environment.[55]

IKEA Family loyalty card[edit]

IKEA Family card, issued in Canada, ca. 2012

In common with some other retailers, IKEA launched a loyalty card called "IKEA family". The card
is free of charge and can be used to obtain discounts on a special range of products found in
each IKEA store. It is available worldwide. In conjunction with the card, IKEA also publishes and
sells a printed quarterly magazine titled IKEA Family Live which supplements the card and
catalogue. The magazine is already printed in thirteen languages and an English edition for the
United Kingdom was launched in February 2007. It is expected to have a subscription of over
500,000.[56]
IKEA Family, as other loyalty cards, allows for lower prices. The main, generally unusual
difference is that it allows for free tea or coffee(from Monday to Friday at most locations) at Ikea
restaurant.[57][58]

Corporate structure[edit]
Main articles: Stichting INGKA Foundation, IKANO and Ingvar Kamprad

IKEA in Athens, Greece

IKEA Anagnina in Rome, Italy

IKEA in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

IKEA Twin Cities in Bloomington, Minnesota, USA

IKEA is owned and operated by a complicated array of not-for-profitand for-profit corporations.
The corporate structure is divided into two main parts: operations and franchising. Most of IKEA's
operations, including the management of the majority of its stores, the design and manufacture
of its furniture, and purchasing and supply functions are overseen by INGKA Holding, a private,
for-profit Dutch company. Of the IKEA stores in 43 countries, 303 are run by the INGKA Holding.
The remaining 47 stores are run by franchisees outside of the INGKA Holding, with the exception
of IKEA Delft which is not franchised.[59]
INGKA Holding is not an independent company, but is wholly owned by the Stichting Ingka
Foundation, which Kamprad established in 1982 in the Netherlands as a tax-exempt, not-forprofit foundation. The Ingka Foundation is controlled by a five-member executive committee that
is chaired by Kamprad and includes his wife and attorney.[60]
While most IKEA stores operate under the direct purview of Ingka Holding and the Ingka
Foundation, the IKEA trademark and concept is owned by an entirely separate Dutch
company Inter IKEA Systems.Every IKEA store, including those run by Ingka Holding, pays
afranchise fee of 3% of revenue to Inter IKEA Systems. The ownership of Inter IKEA Systems is
exceedingly complicated and not publicly known. Inter IKEA Systems is owned by Inter IKEA
Holding, a company registered in Luxembourg. Inter IKEA Holding, in turn, belongs to an
identically named company in the former Netherlands Antilles that is run by a trust company
based in Curaçao.[60] In 2009 the company in Curaçao was liquidated and the company
responsible for this liquidation traces back to the Interogo Foundation in Liechtenstein.[61] Ingvar
Kamprad has confirmed that this foundation owns Inter IKEA Holding S.A. in Luxembourg and is
controlled by the Kamprad family.[62] The IKEA food concessions that operate in IKEA stores are
still directly owned by the Kamprad family and represent a major part of the family's income. [citation
needed]

In Australia, IKEA is operated by two companies. Stores located on the East Coast
including Queensland, New South Wales and Victoriaare owned by INGKA Holding. Stores
elsewhere in the country including South Australia and Western Australia are owned by Cebas
Pty Ltd.[63] Like elsewhere, all stores are operated under a franchise agreement with Inter IKEA
Systems.[64]
In June 2013, Ingvar Kamprad resigned from the board of Inter IKEA Holding SA and his
youngest son Mathias Kamprad replaced Per Ludvigsson as the chairman of the holding
company. Following his decision to step down, the 87-year-old founder explained, "I see this as a

good time for me to leave the board of Inter IKEA Group. By that we are also taking another step
in the generation shift that has been ongoing for some years." Mathias and his two older
brothers, who also have leadership roles at IKEA, work on the corporation's overall vision and
long-term strategy.[65]

Profits[edit]
The net profit of IKEA Group (which does not include Inter IKEA systems) in fiscal year 2009
(after paying franchise fees to Inter IKEA systems) was €2.538 billion on sales of €21.846 billion.
Because INGKA Holding is owned by the nonprofit INGKA Foundation, none of this profit is
taxed. The foundation's nonprofit status also means that the Kamprad family cannot reap these
profits directly, but the Kamprads do collect a portion of IKEA sales profits through the franchising
relationship between INGKA Holding and Inter IKEA Systems.
Inter IKEA Systems collected €631 million of franchise fees in 2004, but reported pre-tax profits
of only €225 million in 2004. One of the major pre-tax expenses that Inter IKEA systems reported
was €590 million of "other operating charges". IKEA has refused to explain these charges, but
Inter IKEA Systems appears to make large payments to I.I. Holding, another Luxembourgregistered group that, according to The Economist, "is almost certain to be controlled by the
Kamprad family." I.I. Holding made a profit of €328 million in 2004.
In 2004, the Inter IKEA group of companies and I.I. Holding reported combined profits of €553m
and paid €19m in taxes, or approximately 3.5 percent. [60] In 2013 the Daily Mailmedia publication
reported that the IKEA subsidiary Swedwood had grown between 20-25% per year since its
inception in 1991.[44]
The Berne Declaration, a non-profit organisation in Switzerland that promotes corporate
responsibility, has formally criticised IKEA for its tax avoidance strategies. In 2007, the Berne
Declaration nominated IKEA for one of its Public Eye "awards", which highlight corporate
irresponsibility and are announced during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.[66]
In a company statement emailed on 14 October 2013, Ikea's full-year sales rose 3.1 percent due
in part to growth in Russia and China. Ikea's revenue total rose to US$37.9 billion (27.9 billion
euros), with significant growth also recorded in North America. [67]

Control by Kamprad[edit]
Along with helping IKEA make non-taxable profit, IKEA's complicated corporate structure allows
Kamprad to maintain tight control over the operations of Ingka Holding, and thus the operation of
most IKEA stores. The Ingka Foundation's five-person executive committee is chaired by
Kamprad. It appoints the board of Ingka Holding, approves any changes to Ingka Holding's
bylaws, and has the right to preempt new share issues. If a member of the executive committee
quits or dies, the other four members appoint his or her replacement.
In Kamprad's absence the foundation's bylaws include specific provisions requiring it to continue
operating the Ingka Holding group and specifying that shares can be sold only to another
foundation with the same objectives as the Ingka Foundation. [60]

Charitable giving[edit]
The INGKA Foundation is officially dedicated to promoting "innovations in architecture and
interior design."[60] With an estimated net worth of $36 billion, the foundation is unofficially the
world's largest charitable organization, ahead of the much better known Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation, which has a net worth of approximately $33 billion. [68]However, most of the Group's
profit is spent on investment; the foundation expects to spend €45 million on charitable giving in
2010 (compare the Gates Foundation, which made gifts of more than $1.5 billion in 2005. [68])
IKEA is involved in several international charitable causes, particularly in partnership
with UNICEF, including:


In the wake of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami,
IKEA Australia agreed to match dollar for dollar co-workers'

donations and donated all sales of the IKEA Blue Bag to the
cause.


After the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, IKEA gave 500,000
blankets to the relief effort in the region.[69]



IKEA has provided furniture for over 100 "bridge schools"
in Liberia.[70]



In the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China, IKEA Beijing sold an
alligator toy for 40 yuan (US$5.83, €3.70) with all income going
to the children in the earthquake struck area.

IKEA also supports American Forests to restore forests and reduce pollution.[71][72]

Minimum Wage[edit]
In June 2014, IKEA announced that it would be raising its minimum wage in the United States.
The company raised the US minimum wage average to $10.76, but the actual minimum wage in
each city will fluctuate depending on that city's living costs. Employees at the IKEA in Emeryville,
CA will receive the highest wage of $14.44 per hour and workers in Pittsburgh and West Chester,
OH will receive the lowest wage at $8.69 per hour.

IKEA Social Initiative[edit]
In September 2005, IKEA Social Initiative was formed to manage the company's social
involvements on a global level. IKEA Social Initiative is headed by Marianne Barner.
The main partners of IKEA Social Initiative are UNICEF[73] and Save the Children.[74]
On 23 February 2009, at the ECOSOC event in New York, UNICEF announced that IKEA Social
Initiative has become the agency's largest corporate partner, with total commitments of more
than US$180 million.[75][76]
Examples of involvements:


IKEA through IKEA Social Initiative contribute €1 to UNICEF and
Save the Children from each soft toy sold during the holiday
seasons, raising a total of €16.7 million so far.[77]In 2013, an IKEA
soft toy, Lufsig, created a storm and sold out in Hong Kong and
in Southern China because it had been misnamed in Chinese. [78]



IKEA Social Initiative provided soft toys to children in Burma
after Cyclone Nargis.[79]



Starting in June 2009, for every Sunnan solar-powered lamp
sold in IKEA stores worldwide, IKEA Social Initiative will donate
one Sunnan with the help of UNICEF.[80]



In September 2011,[81] the IKEA Foundation pledged to donate
$62 million to help Somali refugees in Kenya.[10]



According to The Economist, however, IKEA's charitable giving
is meager, "barely a rounding error in the foundation's assets." [10]

In 2009, Sweden's largest television station, SVT, revealed that IKEA's money—the three per
cent collection from each store—does not actually go to a charitable foundation in the

Netherlands, as IKEA has said. Inter IKEA is owned by a foundation in Liechtenstein, called
Interogo, which has amassed twelve billion dollars, and is controlled by the Kamprad family.[10]

Environmental performance[edit]
After initial environmental issues like the highly publicized formaldehyde scandals in the early
1980s and 1992,[82][83][84] IKEA took a proactive stance on environmental issues and tried to prevent
future incidents through a variety of measures.[85] In 1990, IKEA invited Karl-Henrik Robèrt,
founder of the Natural Step, to address its board of directors. Robert's system conditions for
sustainability provided a strategic approach to improving the company's environmental
performance. In 1990, IKEA adopted the Natural Step framework as the basis for its
environmental plan.[86] This led to the development of an Environmental Action Plan, which was
adopted in 1992. The plan focused on structural change, allowing IKEA to "maximize the impact
of resources invested and reduce the energy necessary to address isolated issues." [86] The
environmental measures taken include the following:
1. Replacing polyvinylchloride (PVC) in wallpapers, home
textiles, shower curtains, lampshades and furniture—PVC
has been eliminated from packaging and is being phased
out in electric cables;
2. minimizing the use of formaldehyde in its products, including
textiles;
3. eliminating acid-curing lacquers;
4. producing a model of chair (OGLA) made from 100% postconsumer plastic waste;
5. introducing a series of air-inflatable furniture products into
the product line. Such products reduce the use of raw
materials for framing and stuffing and reduce transportation
weight and volume to about 15% of that of conventional
furniture;
6. reducing the use of chromium for metal surface treatment;
7. limiting the use of substances such as cadmium,
lead, PCB, PCP, and Azo pigments;
8. using wood from responsibly managed forests that replant
and maintain biological diversity;
9. using only recyclable materials for flat packaging and "pure"
(non-mixed) materials for packaging to assist in recycling. [86]
10. introducing rental bicycles with trailers for customers in
Denmark.[87]
In 2000 IKEA introduced its code of conduct for suppliers, called the IKEA way of purchasing....
shortened to IWAY. Today IWAY is a totally integrated part of IKEA's purchasing model. IWAY
covers social, safety and environmental questions. Today IKEA has around 60 IWAY auditors that
performs hundreds of supplier audits every year. The main purpose with IWAY is to make sure
that the IKEA suppliers follows the law in each country where they are based. Most IKEA
suppliers fulfill the law today with exceptions for some special issues, one being excessive
working hours in Asia, in countries such as China and India.

More recently, IKEA has stopped providing plastic bags to customers, but offers reusable bags
for sale. The IKEA restaurants also only offer reusable plates, knives, forks, spoons, etc. Toilets
in some IKEA WC-rooms have been outfitted with dual-function flushers. IKEA has recycling bins
for compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), energy saving bulbs and batteries. In 2001 IKEA was one
of the first companies to operate its own cross-border goods trains through several countries in
Europe.[88]
In August 2008, IKEA also announced that it had created IKEA GreenTech, a €50 million venture
capital fund. Located in Lund (a university town in Sweden), it will invest in 8–10 companies in
the coming five years with focus on solar panels, alternative light sources, product materials,
energy efficiency and water saving and purification. The aim is to commercialise green
technologies for sale in IKEA stores within 3–4 years. [89][90]
To make IKEA a more sustainable company, a product life cycle was created. For the idea stage,
products should be flat-packed so that more items can be shipped at once; products should also
be easier to dismantle and recycle. Raw materials are used, and since wood and cotton are two
of IKEA's most important manufacturing products, the company works with environmentally
friendly forests and cotton, whereby the excessive use of chemicals and water is avoided. [citation
needed]

Manufacturing is third in the life cycle and includes IWAY, IKEA's code of conduct for
manufactures and suppliers that formulates and enforces requirements for working conditions,
social and environmental standards, and what suppliers can expect from IKEA in return.
Marketing is another part of IKEA's life cycle and a portion of the paper used for its catalogues is
sourced from responsibly managed forests. The catalogue is also smaller, so that less paper is
required, less waste is produced and more catalogues can be shipped per load. [citation needed]
IKEA stores recycle waste and many run on renewable energy with the use of energy-saving
bulbs and sensors. All employees are trained in environmental and social responsibility, while
public transit is one of the priorities when the location of stores is considered. Also, the coffee
served at IKEA stores is certified organic.[citation needed]
The last stage of the life cycle is the end of life. Most IKEA stores recycle light bulbs and drained
batteries, and the company is also exploring the recycling of sofas and other home furnishing
products. According to IKEA's 2012 "Sustainability Report", 23% of all wood that the company
uses meets the standards of the Forest Stewardship Council, and the report states that IKEA
aims to double this percentage by 2017. The report also states that IKEA does not accept
illegally logged wood and supports 13 World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF) projects.[44]
On 17 February 2011, IKEA announced its plans to develop a wind farm in Dalarna County,
Sweden, furthering its goal of using only renewable energy to fuel its operations. [91]As of June
2012, 17 United States (US) IKEA stores are powered by solar panels, with 22 additional
installations in progress.[92]
In 2011, the company examined its wood consumption and noticed that almost half of its global
pine and spruce consumption was for the fabrication of pallets. The company consequently
started a transition to the use of paper pallets and the "Optiledge system". [93] The OptiLedge
product is totally recyclable, made from 100% virgin high-impactcopolymer polypropylene (PP).
The system is a "unit load alternative to the use of a pallet. The system consists of the OptiLedge
(usually used in pairs), aligned and strapped to the bottom carton to form a base layer upon
which to stack more product. Corner boards are used when strapping to minimize the potential
for package compression." The conversion began in Germany and Japan, before its introduction
into the rest of Europe and North America.[94] The system has been marketed to other companies,
and IKEA has formed the OptiLedge company to manage and sell the product. [95]
IKEA has expanded its sustainability plan in the UK to include electric car charge points for
customers at all locations by the end of 2013.[96] The effort will include Nissan andEcotricity and
promise to deliver an 80% charge in 30 minutes.[97]
In February 2014, IKEA in the UK announced that from 2016 they will only sell energyefficient LED lightbulbs, lamps and light fixtures. LED lightbulbs uses as much as only 15% of the
power of a regular incandescent light bulb.[98]

Negative media attention[edit]
The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk
page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (March 2014)
IKEA's goals of sustainability and environmental design in its merchandise have sometimes been
at odds with the impact a new IKEA store can have on a community. In particular, the size of
proposed IKEA stores has often seen significant opposition from members of such communities.
The following are a list of issues which have received negative media attention, both regarding
the size of IKEA's stores and other controversies:


As a teenager, IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad was directly
involved in the pro-Nazi New Swedish Movement (Nysvenska
Rörelsen) until at least 1948, causing tensions when IKEA
began opening stores in Israel,[clarification needed][99] although one source
has claimed that the movement was not pro-Nazi.[100] Kamprad
devotes two chapters to his time in Nysvenska Rörelsen in his
book, Leading By Design: The IKEA Story and, in a 1994 letter
to IKEA employees, called his affiliation with the organisation the
"greatest mistake of my life."[101] After the revelations came to
light, he pledged £1 billion to charity.[102]



In September 2004, when IKEA offered a limited number of free
$150 vouchers at the opening of a new store in Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia, three people were crushed to death in a stampede that
followed the store's opening.[103]

IKEA at Atlantic Station in Atlanta, GA.



IKEA has demolished historic buildings,[104] in at least one case
for a parking area.[105] (At the College Park, Maryland, US, store
there is an interactive digital display which tells the history of a
tavern which used to exist where the store is currently located.)



IKEA was refused planning permission for a future store in the
UK in 2004 (to be based in Stockport, near Manchester) by
the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. It applied for judicial
review but lost in 2005.[106][107] However, it later received
permission to build a store within the Manchester area a few
miles from the originally planned site in Ashton-under-Lyne.
[108]
An estimated £10,000 was spent on traffic policing, and even
more on rerouting traffic from the M60 motorway around Ashton.



In 2004, there was controversy about an Irish law restricting the
maximum size of a retail outlet to 6,000 square metres
(65,000 sq ft). IKEA's plan to build a much larger store
in Dublin caused the law to be put up for debate. The law was
changed to remove the size limit for retail outlets selling durable
goods in designated areas.[109] The Minister for the Environment
was criticised for allegedly changing the law to suit one
company and other agencies protested the law change as
damaging to small businesses while the government defended
its decision stating that the move was a positive one for Irish
consumers. IKEA Dublin has since opened on 27 July 2009.[110]



After viewing the 100-foot-tall (30 m) sign of an IKEA under
construction near Portland International Airport, Randy Leonard,
the city commissioner in charge of sign permits
inPortland, Oregon, placed a moratorium on all pending and
future sign permits in the area.[111]



In 2007 several ancient tombs were destroyed while building an
IKEA store in Nanjing, southeastern China. Archaeologists
asked whether the building company could stop working for
some days to allow archaeologists to work on the site, but they
did not receive the necessary permission.[112]



In June 2007 the designated nationalist Social Democratic and
Labour Party complained about an artist's rendering of
IKEA Belfast that included both the Union Flag and theUlster
Banner flag as two of the three flags in front of the store. After
being labelled "an upmarket Orange hall" by the party, IKEA
assured customers and co-workers that only the Swedish flag
would be seen outside the actual store.[113]



In a police investigation (2008) for corruption in Spain, there
appears a conversation between a director of Ikea Expansion
and an entrepreneur owner of the land selected to locate a store
in Alicante. The Ikea director was pleased to meet with the
"Spanish mafia"[114]

Criticisms[edit]
Accusations of price gouging[edit]
Ikea has been criticised by Citytv in Canada for charging up to twice as much in their Canadian
stores as for the same items sold in their American stores, despite the Canadian dollar reaching
parity with the U.S. dollar.[115]

Biased branding and advertising accusations[edit]


Former Norwegian prime minister Kjell Magne Bondevik has
criticized IKEA for not depicting women assembling furniture in
its instruction booklets.[116] IKEA denied this claim in a statement.
[117]



In June 2007, The BRUNKRISSLA bedding notes said,
"Brightens up your grad's dorm. Unlike a creepy gothic room-

mate, who can be a bad influence." Members of the goth
subculture took offence at the stereotype.[118]


A researcher from the University of Copenhagen pointed out that
for years, IKEA has named their cheap rugs after Danish places,
while the more expensive and luxurious furniture was named
after Swedish places. The researcher, Klaus Kjøller, who is well
known for tongue-in-cheek statements, accused IKEA
of imperialism.[119]



In October 2012, IKEA was criticized for airbrushing women out
of pictures in catalogues which were used in Saudi Arabia.[120]

Errors and recalls[edit]


In 2008, IKEA sent an email to its British customers advising
that "IKEA Shop Online is open everywhere", even though this
only applied to England and Wales. As of April 2013, Scottish
residents are able to shop online, but not Northern
Irish residents.[121]



In February 2013, IKEA announced it had pulled 17,000 portions
of Swedish meatballs containing beef and pork from stores in
Europe after testing in the Czech Republic found traces of
horsemeat in the product. The company actually removed the
Swedish meatballs from stores' shelves on 25 February 2013,
but only made the announcement public after Swedish
newspaper Svenska Dagbladet uncovered what happened.[122] In
a March 2013 media report, an Ikea representative stated that
the corporation had forced Familjen Dafgard, its main meatball
supplier, to cease business with eight of its 15 suppliers and
would reduce the number of purchasing countries. The
discovered horsemeat was traced to a Polish abattoir.[123]



In July 2015, IKEA, with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commission, through the company's Safer Homes Together
advertising campaign, in the United States, the United Kingdom,
and Ireland, issued a warning- not a recall- to customers to
secure the Malm chests of drawers and wardrobes firmly to the
wall using free kits distributed by the company, after two U.S.
deaths of children in February and June 2014, in Pennsylvania
and Washington, when the furniture pieces tipped over on them.
There were three other deaths, from 1989, from other, similar
appliance models tipping over. There were 14 incidents of Malm
chests tipping over, resulting in four injuries.[124]



In 2011, IKEA and its Swedwood affiliate came under criticism
for its treatment of workers at a US factory in Danville,
Virginia and its decision to hire the law firm Jackson Lewis,
which is often employed by companies to counter labor
demands, to consult with IKEA on attempts to form a union at
Danville.[citation needed]

Labor issues[edit]



In 2012, IKEA in France was accused by the independent
newspaper Le Canard enchaîné and the investigative
website Mediapart of spying on its employees and clients by
illegally accessing French police records. The head of risk
management at IKEA feared his employees were antiglobalists or potential ecoterrorists.[125][126]



In October 2012, Glendal Foods – a major supplier to IKEA
Store Restaurants in Australia – was the subject of bullying
allegations by about 50% of staff at the company and
the National Union of Workers. Claims included self-harm by a
worker, retention of wages & a significant long-term pattern of
staff-abuse and the complaints are under investigation
by WorkSafe Victoria. IKEA Australia has not yet made a formal
comment.[127]

Operation Scandinavica[edit]
In 2014, documents were found at the Securitate archives in Bucharest which indicated that
Ikea's open purchase of Romanian lumber throughout the 1980s was part of a complex scheme
(codenamed "Scandinavica") to fund the Securitate and allow the accumulation of foreign
currency: the Romanian lumber company Tehnoforestexport would regularly overcharge Ikea,
transfer the overpayments into private Securitate bank accounts, wait for interest to accrue, and
then reimburse Ikea the principal. Ikea has denied complicity in Scandinavica, but has begun an
internal investigation to learn more.[128]

Use of forced labor, 1980s[edit]
During the 1980s, IKEA kept its costs down by using production facilities in East Germany. A
portion of the workforce at those factories consisted of political prisoners. This fact, revealed in a
report by Ernst & Young commissioned by the company, resulted from intermingling of criminals
and political dissidents in the state-owned production facilities IKEA contracted with, a practice
which was generally known in West Germany. IKEA was one of a number of companies,
including West German firms, which benefited from this practice. The investigation resulted from
attempts by former political prisoners to obtain compensation. In November 2012, IKEA admitted
being aware at the time of the possibility of use of forced labor and failing to exercise sufficient
control to identify and avoid it. A summary of the Ernst & Young report was released on 16
November 2012.[129]

Verdana typeface[edit]
In 2009, IKEA changed the typeface used in its catalogue from Futura to Verdana, expressing a
desire to unify its branding between print and web media. The controversy has been attributed to
the perception of Verdana as a symbol of homogeneity in popular typography.[130]
Time magazine and The Associated Press ran articles on the controversy including a brief
interview with an IKEA representative, focusing on the opinions of typographers and designers.
[131]
Design and advertising industry-focused publications such as Business Week joined the fray
of online posts. The branding critic blog, Brand New, was one of those using the "Verdanagate"
name.[130] The Australian online daily news site Crikey also published an article on the
controversy.[132] The Guardian ran an article asking "IKEA is changing its font to Verdana –
causing outrage among typomaniacs. Should the rest of us care? Absolutely." [133] The New York
Times said the change to Verdana "is so offensive to many because it seems like a slap at the
principles of design by a company that has been hailed for its adherence to them." [134]

Advertising[edit]

German-Turkish advertisement inBerlin-Neukölln

In 1994, IKEA ran a commercial in the United States widely thought to be the first to feature a
homosexual couple; it aired for several weeks before being pulled out due to terrorist threats
directed at IKEA stores.[135] Other IKEA commercials appeal to the wider GLBTQcommunity, one
featuring a transgender woman.[136]
In 2002, the inaugural television component of the "Unböring" campaign, titled Lamp, went on to
win several awards, including a Grand Clio,[137] Golds at the London International Awards[138] and
the ANDY Awards,[139] and the Grand Prix at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival,
[140]
the most prestigious awards ceremony in the advertising community.
IKEA launched a UK-wide "Home is the Most Important Place in the World" advertising campaign
in September 2007 using estate agent signs with the term "Not For Sale" written on them as part
of the wider campaign. After the campaign appeared in the Metro newspaper London the
business news website www.mad.co.uk remarked that the IKEA campaign had amazing
similarities with the marketing activity of UK home refurbishment company Onis living who had
launched its own Not For Sale advertising campaign two years prior and was awarded the
Interbuild 2006 Construction Marketing Award for best campaign under £25,000. [141][142]

Onis's Not For Sale sign

A debate ensued between Fraser Patterson, Chief Executive of Onis and Andrew McGuinness,
partner at Beattie McGuinness Bungay(BMB), the advertising and PR agency awarded the £12m
IKEA account.[143][144] The essence of the debate was that BMB claimed to be unaware of Onis's
campaign as Onis was not an advertising agency. Onis's argument was that its advertising could
be seen in prominent landmarks throughout London, having been already accredited, showing
concern about the impact IKEA's campaign would have on the originality of its own. BMB and

IKEA subsequently agreed to provide Onis with a feature page on the IKEA campaign site linking
through to Onis's website for a period of 1 year.
In 2008, IKEA paired up with the makers of video game The Sims 2 to make a stuff
pack called IKEA Home Stuff, featuring many IKEA products. It was released on 24 June 2008
in North America and 26 June 2008 in Europe. It is the second stuff pack with a major brand, the
first being The Sims 2 H&M Fashion Stuff.
IKEA took over the title sponsorship of Philadelphia's annual Thanksgiving Day parade in 2008,
replacing Boscov's, which filed for bankruptcy in August 2008.
In November 2008, a subway train decorated in IKEA style was introduced in Novosibirsk,
Russia.[145] Four cars were turned into a mobile showroom of the Swedish design. The redesigned
train, which features colourful seats and fancy curtains, carried passengers until 6 June 2009.
Oyster cards (the ticket-free system for the London Underground) were for given with wallets
sponsored by IKEA in 2008-09. IKEA also sponsored the tube map.[146][147]

The Isle of Wight ferry Red Ospreyin her IKEA livery.

In January 2009, just before the new store opened in Southampton, MV Red Osprey of Red
Funnel was re-painted in an entirely yellow and blue livery to celebrate the opening of the new
IKEA store in Southampton. This is the first time a Red Funnel ferry has been re-painted out of its
own red and white colour scheme. It stayed in these colours for 12 months as part of a deal
between Red Funnel and IKEA to provide home delivery services to the Isle of Wight. It was
repainted with Red Funnel's red and white livery when the deal ended in January 2010.
In March 2010, IKEA developed an event in four important Metro stations in Paris, in which
furniture collections are displayed in high-traffic spots, giving potential customers a chance to
check out the brand's products. The Metro walls were also filled with prints that showcase IKEA
interiors.
In September 2010, IKEA launched an advertisement for UK & Ireland called "Happy Inside"
which had 100 cats lying on IKEA furniture in the flagship IKEA store in Wembley, London.[148]
In April 2011, an advertising campaign was launched aiming at discovering whether men or
women are messier in the home. Created by Mother, the campaign will begin with a TV advert
shot in front of a live audience, featuring four stand-up comedians, two men and two women,
debating which gender is messier. The idea behind the campaign is that domestic clutter leads to
arguments, and thus to an unhappy home, a conflict that IKEA wants to show can be avoided
with better storage. Viewers will be directed to a new Facebook page for the brand, where they
are able to vote on who they believe is messier, and submit evidence using videos and photos
through an app created especially for the campaign. Meanwhile, online display banners will allow
other users the opportunity to vote, with online adverts promoting Ikea products demonstrating
the problems confronting people, and offering solutions.
Anna Crona, marketing director at IKEA United Kingdom and Ireland, explained: "We are
committed to understanding how our customers live life at home so we can provide solutions to
make life happier. Everybody has storage needs in the home and by encouraging debate and
providing solutions we will show that IKEA is relevant to everybody, no matter what your home is
like or how much money you have." Press adverts will also support the campaign, as will a
handbook entitled "Peace, Love and Storage", which will be available through the Facebook site.
[149]

Other ventures[edit]
In mid-August 2012, the company announced that it will establish a chain of 100 economy hotels
in Europe but, unlike its few existing hotels in Scandinavia, they will not carry the IKEA name, nor
will they use IKEA furniture and furnishings – they will be operated by an unnamed international
group of hoteliers.[150]

Awards[edit]
IKEA was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 and 2005
by Working Mothers magazine. It ranked 80 in Fortune's 200 Best Companies to Work For in
2006 and in October 2008, IKEA Canada LP was named one of "Canada's Top 100 Employers"
by Mediacorp Canada Inc., and was featured in Maclean's newsmagazine. Additionally, IKEA is
the most popular store for college furnishings.[151]

Countries with IKEA presence[edit]
IKEA has more than 200 stores around the world. Among the countries that have double-digit
IKEA stores are:


Canada



China



France



Germany



Italy



Netherlands



Russia



Spain



Sweden



United Kingdom



United States

Here is a full list of countries with IKEA stores.

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artículos". DiarioLibre.com. Retrieved 26 December 2010.
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19. Jump up^ "IKEA Zagreb opens its doors on 21 August 2014".
dalje.com. 29 July 2014. Retrieved21 August 2014.
20. Jump up^ "U prva četiri dana 60.711 građana posjetilo
Ikeu". Poslovni dnevnik. Retrieved 2 May2015.
21. Jump up^ "Zagreb East". Inter IKEA Centre Group. Archived
from the original on March 25, 2012. Set to open in 2014, Zagreb
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IKEA store in Croatia as its anchor....

22. Jump up^ adriaticmedia (15 February 2011). "VIDEO: Pogledajte
kako će izgledati Ikea kod Zagreba – Danas.hr" (in Croatian).
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doors in Qatar". Retrieved11 March 2013.
26. Jump up^ "IKEA Qatar is officially, finally open to the public".
Retrieved 23 November 2013.
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Retrieved 23 November 2013.
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analyticsWednesday, 28.08.2013, 20:42 First IKEA store in Baltics
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its First Ever Store in India".Oony Blog. Retrieved 12
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$48 million to UNICEF's child health programme

76. Jump up^ Reuters India (23 February 2009) Ikea gives UNICEF
$48 mln to fight India child labour
77. Jump up^ "UNICEF: IKEA Soft Toy campaign raises €5.4 million
for education projects".
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92. Jump up^ "IKEA U.S. Solar Plans near 89% with Two More
Installations Proposed; Distribution Centers in Perryville, MD and

Westampton, NJ Will Be among Country's Largest Projects".
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93. Jump up^ "IKEA Phases Out Wood Pallets". Packaging
Revolution. 3 November 2011.
94. Jump up^ "The OptiLedge Offers Efficiencies for International
Shipments". Packaging Revolution. 8 December 2011.
95. Jump up^ "OptiLedge". Inter IKEA Systems B.V. 2012.
96. Jump up^ Briggs, Fiona. "Ikea becomes first retailer to install
electric vehicle rapid chargers at all UK stores". Retail Times.
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car chargers". Business Green. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
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99. Jump up^ "Founder Of Ikea Store Haunted By Nazi Past". 7 April
2000.
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högerextremism under 1900-talet ISBN 91-86474-34-0 pp. 155–
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101. Jump up^ "Ingvar Kamprad – IKEA Founder and One of the
World's Richest Men".
102. Jump up^ Orange, Richard (18 September 2011). "IKEA
Founder Pledges £1Bn To Charity Following Nazi Past
Revelations". The Daily Telegraph (London).
103. Jump up^ "World | Middle East | Three die in Saudi shop
stampede". BBC News. 1 September 2004. Retrieved 10
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105. Jump up^ "Suit aims to make an IKEA lot history". New York
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106. Jump up^ "Ikea loses fight to build store". BBC News. 18
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107. Jump up^ "Fury as Prescott blocks Ikea store".
manchesteronline. 3 August 2004. Archived fromthe original on 9
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109. Jump up^ "RTÉ report on the loosening of shop planning laws".
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110.Jump up^ "IKEA Ireland". Retrieved 15 April 2008.
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115.Jump up^ "CityNews: "Ikea confronted over Canadian–U.S. price
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120. Jump up^ "Ikea Saudi Arabia Catalogue Has Women Deleted
(PHOTO)". flatpackmates.co.uk. 1 August 2015.
121. Jump up^ "What is shop online?". IKEA. 22 September 2009.
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122. Jump up^ "Horsemeat found in Ikea meatballs in Czech
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123. Jump up^ Reuters (21 March 2013). "Ikea meatballs return
after horsemeat scare". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
124. Jump up^ http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/ikea-issueswarning-after-deaths-of-us-children/ar-AAdnIV8
125. Jump up^ "Ikea 'stole secret French police reports' – claim –
The Local". Thelocal.fr. 29 February 2012. Archived from the
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126. Jump up^ "Espionnage : quand Ikea faisait son marché dans
les fichiers de police" (in French). Rue89. 28 February 2012.
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127. Jump up^ Clay Lucas (23 April 2012). "Staff at food plant
allege years of extreme bullying". Melbourne: Theage.com.au.
Retrieved 28 January 2013.
128. Jump up^ Ikea funds went to Romanian secret police in
communist era, by Matei Rosca, in the Guardian; published July 4,
2014; retrieved July 6, 2014
129. Jump up^ Nicholas Kulish; Julia Werdigier (16 November
2012). "Ikea Admits Forced Labor Was Used in 1980s". The New
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blog, 31 August 2009
131. Jump up^ [2] – The Font War: Ikea Fans Fume over Verdana.
Time, (28 August 2009)
132. Jump up^ Mel Campbell and Jeremy Wortsman, "The Full
Fonty: Why Type Nerds Went Mental Over Ikea", Crikey, 1
September 2009
133. Jump up^ Verdana: Ikea's flat-pack font, Simon Garfield, The
Guardian, 2 September 2009
134. Jump up^ "Typography Fans Say Ikea Should Stick to
Furniture", Edward Rothstein, The New York Times, 4 September
2009
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148. Jump up^ "Happy Inside – IKEA cats advert". YouTube. 10
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149. Jump up^ "Ikea rolls out battle of the sexes campaign – Brand
Republic News". Brandrepublic.com. 31 March 2011. Retrieved 28
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150. Jump up^ "IKEA to launch chain of budget hotels in Europe".
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151. Jump up^ "Reasons for Selection, 2009 Canada's Top 100
Employers Competition".

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