In Malaysia

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In Malaysia, a classroom consists of different pupils of a different ethnic background and social setting. A multicultural setting is a common scene prevalent in ESL classroom. Managing a classroom is challenging because, “definitions and expectations of appropriate behaviour are culturally influenced, and conflicts are likely to occur when teachers and pupils come from different cultural backgrounds (Weinstein, Tomlinson-Clarke, and Curran, 2004)

In rural Malaysian schools setting, students have a very limited understanding of the English language. These students does not speak even a single English word at home leaving them with poor understanding and meanings of simple English words and phrases. This can be difficult for teachers to teach let alone communicate with them. School plays a pivotal role in enhancing learning wheres the students lack of resources at home in learning English. Learning a second language and to sustain interest in language learning, especially for rural students‘ where their social environment do not give much support for second language acquisition , depend very much to their language teachers. Engagement in school is an important academic outcome in its own right and it serve as an important social signal whether students were motivated or disaffected over time.

Based on his theory, an ESL Teachers in a rural primary school should create caring relationships with students and use genuine, empathetic responses to their concerns. Effective communication that alleviates class behavior difficulties begins with initiating conversations with students privately rather than in front of peers.

I suggest these theories because it identifies common student actions that take away from the effectiveness of instruction and gives teachers strategies against various setback in a rural primary school particularly in ESL classroom. To combat these negative factors I think the most important part is to continually find ways to engage students in the lesson. It is vital to never give them an opportunity to take their attention away from the content being presented and this can be accomplish with interesting student tasks and how to emphasizes teachers not using fighting words or behaviors when a student acts out. Nevertheless, teachers can exercise more patience in teaching ESL and try to find the right ways to help to their students become more proficient in the language. 1.0

Introduction

Managing a good classroom and discipline, there are some aspects that need to be emphasized and focuses to promote good learning environment which are important throughout the learning process. The teachers’ roles, the students’ roles and the classroom management itself are some of the aspects that teacher should practice in order to make his or her lesson success. Teacher should practice a good classroom management to achieve a conducive learning environment for teaching and learning activities to take place. “The ultimate goal of classroom management should not be on simple obedience, but on having students behave appropriately because they know it’s right thing to do and because they can understand how their actions affect other people”(Hardin, 2008, p. 142 ). Based on the quote above, it can be seen clearly that a good classroom management will not only maintain the classroom environment for teaching and learning to occur but also effects the students’ behaviours as an individual in the teaching and learning process.

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Classroom Observation I conducted and observation on classroom teaching session with my Ketua Panitia

for one of our Year 3 Englishteacher. The teaching session was conducted by Madam Nur Ain Athirah who is teaching Year 3 Anggerik. I entered her Year 3 English lesson class for my observation on the specific aspect of classroom management. She was teaching songs and poems to her Year 3 pupils. For my observation, I used the Observation Form which contained some of the aspects that I have chosen as above. The observation was mainly about teachers’ roles, learners’ roles and the main thing, the classroom management. During the observation, I just stress on how the teacher can play her or his major role in creating the conducive teaching and learning process by implementing the aspects chosen and also another 2 aspect stated above.From the first step she entered the class, I just listened and looking around the class. For me, the beginning of the lesson sets the mood of the pupils. In Malaysian context, from the beginning of the day routine, teacher will enter the class and they greet the teacher. Teacher then asked the pupils to organize their table and doing some warming up activity to get the pupils ready for the lesson. Then, teacher continued her lesson with the topic listed on the board for the pupils to address in their learning activities. I also observed on how teacher can give their explanation and conduct her lesson according to the lesson that she had planned before. I also can see that when the teacher wants to lower the noise volume, or simply get the attention of the class, teacher was using some signal to get the pupils know they are expected to be quiet and listen for the instruction given. And I saw that pupils were familiar with the signal and they obey the teacher’s signal. It was an amazing view when I can see that pupils really had a

strong relationship between their English teacher. Mean that, the teacher can handle their own pupils and she had a good management on classroom control. For the clear explanation, I will discuss the 3 main aspects in the three main aspect below and I will relate the aspect to the Classroom Management Theories that I have read before.

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Teachers’ Roles Aspect During the observation, the first thing I touched most is the teachers’ roles. The

teacher played good roles in her teacher and learningsession. The teacher know that she play a major role in creating a good classroom management. Teacher was well-prepared and well-versed on the topics taught. Teacher planned her lesson with appropriate examples, suitable activities for her pupils and also well-organized group work done by her pupils. This is because, one of the teachers’ roles is to help the learner to gain literacy. Teacher teach the learners by facilitating the learners’ learning. For me, it is important for teachers’ to be well-prepared so that they can deliver their lesson and achieve the lesson objectives.

William Arthur Ward once said that “The mediocre teacher tells. The good

teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher inspires. “This clearly shows that teachers’ play a huge role in teaching the learners. Besides, I can see that teacher always allow her pupils to try and offer their a chance to give ideas and their opinion during the discussion. Teacher give the pupils opportunities to learn. The pupils then learn how to enquire and discover new information during the teaching and learning process. Teacher also involved her pupils by practicing the oral drills among themselves. From the activity, pupils learn to communicate with their teacher and also their own friends. I have read one of the theories that related with this activity. 4.0

Pupils’ Roles Aspect For the pupils’ roles, I have seen that pupils really co-operated with their teacher.

This good behaviour influenced the teachers’ lesson. For me , in managing a classroom for teaching and learning process, it is not merely the teachers’ roles but also the learners’ roles. Pupils in Year 3 Anggerik acted according to the teacher expectations. May be, they saw me at the back of the classroom and observing their English teacher, so they act like an angle. That is what I thought honestly. Only some of the pupils not focusing on the lesson by putting his head on his table and one of the girl who acts as a passive passenger during group work activity took place. These situation might disturb the teachers’ lesson and

teacher should consider this for another lesson. So that, all the pupils will realize the importance of paying attention and being responsible towards their acts even though there are still 9 years old. The student-centered activity also influenced the success of the lesson. During the observation, majority of the pupils involved in the activity planned by the teachers. I have asked the teacher about the participating of the pupils in the group work activity or other student-centered activity. Teacher said that for her class, she had no problem on conducting the group work activity because majority of the pupils really involved in the activity and for the passive pupils, they are encourage to share their ideas with their friends. They might ashamed with the teachers, so let them talk with their friends and get involved in the activity. For me, the student-centered activity helps to improve learners’ social skill, communication skill and also improves their language skill. This is because those pupils are actively involved in the teaching and learning process while the teachers act as facilitators. Thus, pupils should be involving themselves actively by giving opinions, solving the tasks given by teachers either individuals or in groups. Student-centered activity helps to improve learners’ social skill by exchanging ideas and opinions in solving the tasks given regardless of their races and views differences. This is really effective in Malaysian Education where weare living in difference races, ethnic and customs. So, they need to know how to communicate in the multi-racial environment.

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Classroom Management Aspect Classroom management involves both physical and social emotional aspects. Both

aspects are important to promote a good classroom for a lesson to take palce. For the observation, I focused on one main criteria, the seating arrangements of the classroom. Based on the observation made, I can see that the tables and chairs of the pupils were being arranged in clustered arrangement. This shows that most of the lessons were focusing on group activities. The seating arrangements in the classroom should be arrange in good order in order to help the teachers and the learners to move freely in the classroom during the teaching and learning process. Besides, the lighting of the classroom also good. The ventilation and the basic facilities in the classroom also in good condition and well-manage. For me, it is important to have a good classroom physical setting to promote a sense of belonging towards the learners by fulfilling all the learners’ needs. Other basic physical aspects of the classroom are the classroom rules and routines as well as the emergency plan of pupils at the

beginning of the year and I saw that it was pasted on the notice board in front of the classroom. Hence, it promotes a democratic teaching environment as well as highlights the expectations for the class. Another thing, I can see that pupils are sitting in a group and mixed with difference races. The classroom also decorated with full of motivational teaching aids which can instill good moral values for the pupils.

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