Information system

Published on February 2017 | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 68 | Comments: 0 | Views: 272
of 9
Download PDF   Embed   Report

Comments

Content

Information System considering as Work System

Essay on computer concept
Submitted to: Sir ZUBAIR AHMAD Submitted by: Iram Aslam Roll no: MBE-09-11

MBA (EVENING) 2nd INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

1

Information System considering as Work System

Information System considering as Work System
Abstract
In this essay I discuss about information system as well as work system. The relation of information system and information technology is defined. How information system is a system not a tool. How work system is necessary for every organization in current scenario. How large and successful organizations using work system in their work. I also discuss how we consider information system as a work system and how efficient it is in business. How organizations can use information system to improve their work system. In this manner an organization can be more efficient.

Introduction
I discuss different definitions of information system according to different persons. How information system can use as a work system and how efficient this work system can be. How we can use these system in various organizations works like recruitment procedure, buying raw material, attract and invite customers for buying the goods and also for delivery purpose. (McLeod 2007) we cannot use it as a tool because it is a system which is according to requirements of customers and provide satisfaction to them.(Alter 2004). The relation between IT and IS is also discussed.

Information system
³A system that exists in any system that is capable of governing itself (autonomous system). The information system (IS) assures the communication between the managerial and operational subsystems of an organization ± that¶s its purpose. When this communication is asynchronous, a memory to store the messages is necessary´. (Alter 1999b) A system that contains active objects and deals with the information is called Information system (IS). (Alter 2003)

2

Information System considering as Work System

Information system has different definitions because it is not possible to describe it in a single way. So it has many definitions differ from the upper definitions. Some of them are given bellow according to different writers. ³An information system is a social system, which has embedded in it information technology. The extent to which information technology plays a part is increasing rapidly. But this does not prevent the overall system from being a social system, and it is not possible to design a robust, effective information system, incorporating significant amounts of the technology without treating it as a social system.´(F. Land 1985) The simplest definition of (IS) is that it is a system of organizations that provides information and gives communication services by the organization. (Davis 2000)

Defining an Information System as a Work System
The definition of an information system is based on work system. Every kind of Businesses needs it. Now a day you cannot think about a business without work system. Work system gives a lot of sport to every kind of Businesses. All business organizations use work systems to take their raw materials from suppliers, manufacture their different goods and services, large and efficient organizations start using work system for delivery procedure. Also to invite customers to buying, some time for hiring employees, to pay their payments, and perform many other functions. A work system is a system in which human participants and/or machines perform work (processes and activities) using information, technology, and other resources to produce specific products and/or services for specific internal or external customers An information system is a work system whose processes and activities are devoted to processing information, i.e., capturing, transmitting, and storing, retrieving, manipulating, and displaying information. . Alter (2007b) Thus, an information system is a system in which human participants and/or machines perform work (processes and activities) using information, technology, and other resources to produce informational products and/or services for internal or external customers.

3

Information System considering as Work System

Examples
Examples of information systems include work systems devoted to generating corporate plans, creating computer programs, generating financial statements, creating digital products such as software and electronic games, performing economic analysis, writing music, rebalancing stock portfolios, and determining prices of airline seats based on complex yield management calculations.

Differentiation between IS and IT
Many authors have expressed concerns about the common blurring of IS and IT, which is clarified by defining IS as a special case of work system. Technology and infrastructure are elements of the work system framework. The definition implies that a computer is not an information system because a computer does not produce specific products and services for specific customers. Similarly, word processing programs and suites of software such as ERP products are not information systems. Rather, depending on the purpose of the analysis, they should be treated either as part of the technology within a specific information system or as part of the technical infrastructure shared among multiple information systems.

Treatment of IS as a system, rather than a tool
IS is actually a system not just the tool. But many of our people treat it as a tool. There is a great difference in our ideas and views are about tools, not systems. Alter For example, our basic vocabulary accepts that IT groups provide tools and IT group¶s ³users´ uses them. Same is the case with the concepts about IS success imply that a tool¶s success is depend on the impacts and the specifications and also how properly it is used. Whether the system mostly refers to developing software tools that according to the requirements of the users and level of satisfaction of users, rather than developing or modifying a work system in an organization. (Alter 2004). So now it is very much clear that Information System is not a tool. It is a complete system and having many tools like IT.

4

Information System considering as Work System

Scope
Good definitions cover the scope of the area of interest and do not overlook important phenomena and issues. Aside from clarifying what is and is not an information system, the proposed definition is broadly inclusive and can be associated directly with most of the subject matter of the IS field. In contrast, some of the other definitions of IS are basically about computer systems, traditional organizational control systems, or organizations in general. Such definitions do little to include various types of information systems that may not have been important in the past but are important today.

Scope of the IS field
).So the information system has a broder scope.because it covers many fields. It is a work system in fact and the tecnology is very much fast now a days than the last few years.every organization need the efficient work system to take their raw materials from suppliers, manufacture their different goods and services, large and efficient organizations start using work system for delivery procedure. Also to invite customers for buying, some time for hiring employees, to pay their payments, and perform many other functions. (Alter 2007)

Inclusion of a range of situations
Although a very detailed look at the elements of the work system framework is beyond this paper¶s scope, even a brief look at the elements illustrates the wide range of situation range is covered by the definition of IS. So it has still a very vast system having a lot of categories in it. IS information system has a wide range of elements that it has illustrated. This all is defined by the definition of information system

Customers
May include both internal and external customers who may be viewed as recipients of whatever the IS produces or as co-producers of value in self-service situations. Products and services May be produced by an information system, and different groups of customers may benefit from offerings of different products and services.
5

Information System considering as Work System

Processes and activities Cover much more than totally structured processes that appear in some IS definitions as ³procedures.´ As happens in collaboration systems and many other situations, various processes and activities performed by participants may be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. Participants Include both IT users and non-users, thereby emphasizing that the relevant participants are people who do some of the work, not just people who use IT. Information Includes codified and non-codified information used and created as participants perform their work. it gives detailed information about the performance of the participants whether it has improved or not. Technologies Include IT and other technologies that should not be categorized as IT even if it contains embedded IT applications. It not only gives information about IT but also provides information about other technologies. Infrastructure Includes relevant human, information, and technical resources that are managed outside of the work system (or information system) and are shared with other work systems. Environment Includes the relevant organizational, cultural, competitive, technical, and regulatory environment within which the work system operates, thereby recognizing that an information system¶s success depends partly on surrounding factors that are not part of the information system. Strategies Of the work system and/or organization help in understanding any work system but may or may not be articulated.

6

Information System considering as Work System

Explaining the incoherence of the IS field
A conjecture in the 2005 Sysperanto paper mentioned earlier may explain some of the difficulties underlying the ³identity crisis´ of the IS discipline. Information systems as a category include transaction processing systems, MIS, DSS, CAD systems, e-commerce web sites, expert systems, group support system, communication systems, and many other types of IS. Worth considering, but not fundamental to the structure of Sysperanto, is the conjecture that the various types of information systems differ so greatly in form and function that information systems in general possess few concepts in common beyond those inherited from work systems in general.
(Bastrom 1997)

Conclusion
I discuss that information system is a system not a tool. It is efficient work system also. Organizations can earn more profit and give more satisfaction to their customers by using information system as a work system due to efficiency and realiability of this work system. This work system will be the future of business.

7

Information System considering as Work System

References
Alter, S. (2004) ³Desperately Seeking Systems Thinking in the IS Discipline,´ Proceedings of ICIS-25, the International Conference on Information Systems, Washington, DC, December 2004, pp. 757-769. DeLone, W.H. and E.R. McLean (2003) ³The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success,´ Journal of Management Information Systems 19(4), pp. 9-30. Alter, S. (1999b) Information Systems: A Management Perspective, 3rd ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Alter, S. (2003) ³18 Reasons Why IT-Reliant Work Systems Should Replace µThe IT Artifact¶ as the Core Subject Matter of the IS Field,´ Communications of the Association for Information System Davis, G.B. (2000) ³Information Systems Conceptual Foundations: Looking Backward and Forward, pp. 61- 82 in R. Baskerville, J. Stage, and J.I. DeGross, eds., Organizational and Social Perspectives on Information Technology, Springer Alter, S. (2007b) ³Pitfalls in Analyzing Systems in Organizations´ Journal of Information System Education, 17(3), Fall 2006, pp. 295-302. Ackoff, R.L. (1993) Presentation at the Systems Thinking in Action Conference, Cambridge, MA, cited by Silver, M., M.L Markus, and C.M. Beath, (1995) ³The Information Technology Interaction Model: Alter, S. (2003b) ³Sidestepping the IT Artifact, Scrapping the IS Silo, and Laying Claim to

µSystems in Organizations,¶´ Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 12(30), November, Hirschheim, R. and H.K. Klein (2003) ³Crisis in the IS Field? A Critical Reflection on the State of the Discipline,´ Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 4(5), pp. 237-293.

8

Information System considering as Work System

Bostrom, R.P. and J.S. Heinen, (1977a) ³MIS Problems and Failures: A Socio-Technical Perspective. PART I: The Causes.´ MIS Quarterly, 1(3), December 1977, pp. 17-32. Alter, S. (2007c) ³Customer-Centric Systems: A Multi-Dimensional View,´ Proceedings of WeB 2007, Sixth Workshop on e Business, Dec. 9, Montreal, Canada, pp. 130-141.

9

Sponsor Documents

Or use your account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Forgot your password?

Or register your new account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link to create a new password.

Back to log-in

Close