Internet Resources Second Edition

A Publication of the Robert C. Cooley Center for the Study of Early Christianity Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, Charlotte, North Carolina ©May, 2010

Cover picture by James R. Grams, www.game103.net Printed by PerfectImage!

Preface
The websites offered here are of use not only to theological students and scholars but also to anyone interested in the topics. We hope that you find them as useful as we have for our interest in Biblical and Early Church studies, as well as related fields. While we have explored these sites ourselves, some comments are in order about the care needed in using websites in research. The researcher should be very careful on the web: it is sometimes similar to picking up information on a city street or in a shopping mall. How can we be sure that this information is worth citing? One way to be careful on the web is to look for institutional association or proof of academic authority. When using a website, investigate whether it is associated with a college or university, a research society, study center or institute, a library, publishing company, scholarly journal, and so forth. One might also see if the site manager or author is an academic engaged in ongoing research in the field. These sites are probably well worth using, just as any peer reviewed publication. Even so, the information may be more ‘work in progress’ than published data. Sites that reproduce printed matter can be useful in the same way if the works were published by reputable scholars and publishing companies—check for these (the researcher needs to cite this information along with the website in any case). In Biblical studies, older material is often (not always) of less value than more recently published material. So, be wary of those old works that someone has stuck on the web simply because the copyright has expired. All this said, one of the wonderful things about the web is that it is helping to level the playing field, even among scholars. Amateurs can have a voice too, and this helps to break through the coalitions, ‘established views,’ and ‘political correctness’ that sometimes stifles scholarship even as it sets itself up as the best scholarship. As the web runs interference against such scholarship, the same standards apply: the quality of the information is in the quality of research and arguments offered. The web not only expands the number of voices; it also picks up the pace of research. Errors are more easily made, whether in the accuracy of material copied onto the internet or in the opinions more freely floated while research is still in progress. The web is a more fluid source of information than libraries. Websites change. (That is why we cite them in papers not only by the site address but also by the date accessed.) If a webpage is no longer available at the given address, search for it on Google or some other search engine, or find an alternative. This little booklet is also a work in progress. It is written with the intention of helping to get researchers going, rather than with the thought that it is in any way exhaustive. However, what is so amazing is that the sites listed here will give the researcher anywhere in the world—or the woods—access to a whole library of primary sources and secondary, scholarly literature that college libraries not long ago could only have dreamed of owning—for free! One only needs access to the world wide web of ever increasing information.

We offer this work on web sites in, of all things, hard copy. This seems counter intuitive. While something is forfeited in not being able to click on a website for immediate access, we are of the opinion that being able to mark up a copy of this work and have it as a handy booklet beside the computer will prove valuable to researchers. We hope so. We need to acknowledge that works such as these build on similar efforts by others who have come before, some of whom appear in website listings below. We would especially like to thank Dr. Timothy Laniak, Dean of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary in Charlotte and Curator of the Robert C. Cooley Center, for his contribution of additional important site information for this new edition. Finally, we dedicate this work to Dr. Robert E. Cooley, Old Testament scholar, archaeologist, former president of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, innovator in theological education, and founder of the Robert C. Cooley Center for the Study of Early Christianity at GordonConwell Theological Seminary in Charlotte, North Carolina. This booklet honors his desire to make the study of the Bible and early Church more accessible and credible.

Rollin G. Grams Director of the Robert C. Cooley Center for the Study of Early Christianity Mark B. Poe Fellow of the Robert C. Cooley Center for the Study of Early Christianity

Table of Contents
Internet Resources for the Bible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Internet Resources for Textual Criticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Internet Resources for Archaeological Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Internet Resources for Biblical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 The World of the Bible: Pictorial, Virtual and Recreated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Internet Resources for the Study of the Greek and Roman World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Internet Resources for the Study of the Ancient Near East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Internet Resources for the Study of the Jewish World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Internet Resources for the Study of the Early (and Later) Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Internet Resources for Biblical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Other On-Line Portals to Web-based Research for Biblical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Internet Sites and Blogs of Biblical Scholars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Web-Based Journals and Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Journals for Biblical Studies (not necessarily online) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Web-Based Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Web-Based Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Other Research Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Searching Libraries Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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Internet Resources for the Bible
Ancient Manuscripts One of the best—and oldest—manuscripts is called ‘Codex Sinaiticus’. It was found at St. Catherine’s monastery in the Sinai and what remains of it contains about half of the Old Testament, the Apocrypha, the entire New Testament, and two early Christian works. The manuscript dates from the middle of the 300’s. Explore a website devoted to this text to get an idea about ancient manuscripts at: www.codexsinaiticus.org/en/ One might also enjoy a panoramic and virtual tour of St. Catherine’s. Check out additional manuscripts at the following sites: www.uni-muenster.de/INTF/Manuscripts_Bible_Museum.html www.uni-muenster.de/INTF/ www.csntm.org The hand-copying of manuscripts began to come to an end with the invention of movable print in the mid-1400’s. See the Gütenberg Bible: www.gutenbergdigital.de/gudi/start.htm Bible Researcher Links to versions of the Bible can be accessed from this site. http://www.bible-researcher.com/versions.html Bible Translations Online Various translations of the Bible, including over 100 translations and over 20 English translations (some in audio) are available at the Bible Gateway website: www.biblegateway.com Links to seventy-five English translations can be found at: www.tyndalehouse.com/links_Biblical.htm#anchorBibles This page has numerous additional references of interest to both laity and scholars. Biblical Studies.org.uk The site offers scholarly articles, including ones organized canonically, study aids, and news and events. http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/ Related sites: TheologicalStudies.org.uk EarlyChurch.org.uk MedievalChurch.org.uk

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2 Choosing Bible Translations The American Bible Society offers several helpful guides online about the Bible, including: how to choose a Bible translation, the story of the English Bible, and some of the issues involved in Bible translation. See its website at: www.americanbible.org/brcpages/bibletranslation It also has some Bible Study resources at: www.americanbible.org/brcpages/alearningbible Online Greek Bible (26th edition of the Nestle-Aland Text) The Greek text of the 26th edition of Nestle-Aland is available at this site. http://www.greekbible.com La Parola See also ‘textual criticism.’ This site offers a free and useful Bible Study program (‘La Parole’). This is a site to watch as it continues to develop. http://www.laparola.net/greco/index.php NET Bible This online translation offers comments on the Hebrew and Greek text along with its translation. http://bible.org/netbible The New International Version, English Standard Version, and New Revised Standard Version The International Bible Society offers several online versions of the Bible (especially of the New International Version—NIV) that can be searched electronically (so concordances are outdated!). It also offers a program to read the Bible in a year and resources for Bible study. www.ibsstl.org. The English Standard Version (ESV) of the Bible can be read and searched at: www.esv.org/ Another excellent and popular English translation is the New Revised Standard Version NRSV), which can be read and searched at: www.devotions.net/bible/00bible.htm Many books, including the Oxford Annotated Bible and Apocrypha, using the NRSV and offering helpful study notes, can be read in part on Google Books at: www.google.com/books Tyndale House Tyndale House is an evangelical library and residence in Cambridge for evangelical scholars. It is particularly strong in Biblical Studies, and some readers will find its website very useful: www.TyndaleHouse.com

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A brief description of a large number of English versions of the Bible, along with examples to compare the versions, is available at: http://tyndalearchive.com/scriptures/index.htm Tyndale House, and A Bible & Bible Study Toolbar Thanks to David Instone-Brewer, a useful toolbar is available from Tyndale House in Cambridge, England for Bibles and Bible Study. www.TyndaleHouse.com/Toolbar What is available with this toolbar is described at: www.tyndalehouse.com/Newsletters/ From the toolbar one can readily access over 70 English translations, Greek and Hebrew Bibles, ancient Bible versions, Bible Study tools (of variable quality), lexicons and dictionaries, scholarly aids, preaching and teaching tools (including photographs of Biblical places), and online books and periodicals. One can also search for Bible verses in the various translations. Understanding the Canon Two helpful articles on the canon (the authoritative books of the Bible) are offered online. Begin with an article by F. F. Bruce, ‘The Canon of Scripture,’ found at: www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/canon_bruce.pdf Going into more detail and interacting with more recent scholarship, Eckhard Schnabel’s ‘History, Theology and the Biblical Canon: an Introduction to Basic Issues’ can be found at: www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/canon_schnabel.pdf Some further resources on the matter of the canon of Scripture are available from the Bible Researcher website: www.bible-researcher.com/canon.html United Bible Society The UBS offers suggestions on how to choose a translation of the Bible. http://www.americanbible.org/brcpages/bibletranslation

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Internet Resources for Textual Criticism
American Bible Society Manuscripts and printed texts can be viewed at this site. http://www.americanbible.org/pages/virtuallibrary Biblon 2000 This project of Tyndale House, Cambridge offers a Greek text with apparatus for the New Testament. The actual manuscripts for various readings can be viewed as well. http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Biblon/biblon2000.html Catholic Encyclopedia Check the location and date of the Church Fathers when considering their support of textual readings by looking up the name of the early Christian writer in this online encyclopaedia. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ The Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts At this site, digital photographs of a number of NT manuscripts can be viewed. The Center operates under the auspices of the Center for the Research of Early Christian Documents, founded by Daniel Wallace. http://www.csntm.org Codex Sinaiticus http://www.codexsinaiticus.org/en/ Evangelical Textual Criticism Resources, links, and a blog by evangelicals in textual criticism may be found at the following sites: http://www.evangelicaltextualcriticism.com/ http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/ Institute for New Testament Textual Research This site contains helpful information on textual criticism at the University of Münster’s Institute for New Testament Textual Research. http://www.uni-muenster.de/INTF/ Several photocopies of manuscripts may be examined at: http://www.uni-muenster.de/INTF/Manuscripts_Bible_Museum.html The International Greek New Testament Project The IGNTP exists to produce a comprehensive critical apparatus of the Greek New Testament. http://www.igntp.org/

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5 The IGNTP’s work on John’s Gospel can be found at: www.iohannes.com La Parola On this Italian site (parts of which are available in English, including this textual criticism section), one can explore critical editions of the Greek New Testament: Nestle-Aland and United Bible Society, Westcott and Hort, Tischendorf, Byzantine Text, and allusions in the Church Fathers. There is also a list of all the manuscripts, with their dates, types, and contents. It also offers other material still in Italian, as well as a free and useful Bible Study program (‘La Parole’). This is a site to watch as it continues to develop. http://www.laparola.net/greco/index.php New Testament Gateway This important site for NT studies on the web also includes listings for textual criticism. http://www.ntgateway.com/resource/textcrit.htm Papyrology at Oxford This site offers: Oxyrhynchus papyri (from Upper Egypt), consideration of the reception of Greek literature 300 BC – AD 800, and material on Herculaneum (a town destroyed by Mt. Vesuvius along with Pompeii). http://www.papyrology.ox.ac.uk/

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Internet Resources for Archaeological Studies
All About Archaeology Pictures and videos of locations such as Dan, Ephesus, Ur, the Ishtar Gate in Babylon, and so forth can be viewed on this site. The site is recommended primarily for the pictures. http://www.allaboutarchaeology.org/ ArchNet - World Wide Web Virtual Library for Archaeology. Numerous links can be found on this site, maintained by the Archaeological Research Institute at Arizona State University. http://archnet.asu.edu/ Specific services: Institutions/Organizations: http://archnet.asu.edu/institutions/institutions.php Regions: http://archnet.asu.edu/regions/regions.php Topic Areas: http://archnet.asu.edu/topical/topical.php. E.g., see Biblical Archaeology links. Educational/Research Resources http://archnet.asu.edu/resources/resources.php The Bible and Interpretation This is a site, sponsored by Laramie Community College, that is “dedicated to delivering the latest news, features, editorials, commentary, archaeological interpretation and excavations relevant to the study of the Bible for the public and biblical scholars.” http://www.bibleinterp.com/ Biblical Archaeology This site helps one explore the world of the Bible. http://www.asor.org/pubs/nea/ba/BAHP.html Biblical Archaeological Review See this journal with updated information on Biblical archaeology: http://www.bib-arch.org/ Bible History This large website covers documents, history, art, archaeology, maps, geography, and so forth. By going to the section on “Archaeology and Sites,” one will then find a host of material on various archaeological sites and other links of use to someone exploring the lands of the Bible. Also note the “Recent Excavations” and “Maps and Geography” sections. http://www.bible-history.com/ Bible Places This site offers a number of the pictures online that are also offered for sale. Some excellent pictures of Biblical places in Israel/Palestine can be found here. http://www.bibleplaces.com

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7 Biblical Archaeology Society Several sets of regionally and topically organized images for archaeology are available for purchase. http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/bswbMktCDROM.html Digital Archaeological Atlas of the Holy Land (DAAHL) On this site, one can explore archaeological sites in the Middle East and find information using an interactive Google map. The map can be searched by area, empire, or period. http://daahl.ucsd.edu/DAAHL Israel Antiquities Authority This site offers information about on-going archaeological excavations, as well as helpful links, articles, an archaeological survey of Israel, a section on underwater archaeology, and galleries of sites and finds. http://www.antiquities.org.il Israel Information Service This website includes information on archaeological sites in Israel. http://www.israel.org Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs This site offers updated information on archaeology in Israel. http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/history/early%20history%20-%20archaeology/ Israel Museum, Jerusalem Take virtual tours of the ‘Shrine of the Book’ and the late Second Temple model. The Isaiah scroll and Temple scroll can be read online from photographs of the actual scrolls. Information on exhibitions and news releases are also given. http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/HTMLs/Home.aspx Metis Bruce Hartzler’s site linking to archaeological sites for ancient Greece. Click on sites (presently 63) in the catalogue at: http://www.stoa.org/metis/ Mt. Zion The following webpage on archaeological research on Mt. Zion conducted by Shimon Gibson and James Tabor provides updates on their research: http://www.digmountzion.com/ Oriental Museum of the University of Chicago The museum has information on its various galleries and virtual tours of its displays for Assyria, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Persia. http://oi.uchicago.edu/museum/virtual/eg/a.html

8 Studium Biblicum Franciscanum This site contains archaeological images of Jordanian sites with descriptions (see links on right side). http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/sbf/escurs/Giord/08GiordEn.html Talpiot This website promotes a movie about the supposed discovery of Jesus’ family tomb in Talpiot, just south of Jerusalem. The doubtful scholarship aside, it does offer pictures of the “evidence”. http://www.jesusfamilytomb.com/ Theban Mapping Project Based at the American University in Cairo, the Theban Mapping Project has been preparing a comprehensive database of Thebes. Articles, photographs, a timeline, and an interactive map of archaeological sites in Thebes are among the options available at this site. http://www.kv5.com/index.html Treasure Realm This site includes: Roman Imperial Coins: http://www.treasurerealm.com/coinpapers/roman/roman.html Greek Imperial Coins: http://www.treasurerealm.com/coinpapers/Greek_Imperial/Greek_Imperial.html University of the Holy Land Scholarly articles and discussions on archaeological issues can be found on this site, such as the Talpiot tomb and Qumran. A virtual tour of Qumran and PowerPoint presentations on the Nazareth Village project are highlights on the site. Serious scholarship in its own right also engages some of the more fantastic claims being made by talk-show scholars seeking the spot-light and sensationalism through archaeology and Gnostic-based historical reconstruction of early Christianity. http://www.uhl.ac ‘Voice of the Shuttle’ Website The VoS website offers links to numerous areas of scholarly research. The following addresses take you directly to those listings most pertinent for Biblical Studies. Archaeology Page: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2704 Classical Studies: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2708 History: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2713 Literary Theory: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2718 Philosophy: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2724 Religious Studies: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2730

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Internet Resources for Biblical Geography
Ancient World Mapping Center This site offers an interactive on-line map of the ancient Mediterranean. http://www.unc.edu/awmc/ Biblical Backgrounds, Inc. Maps and free downloadable marking guides, including the Regions on the Run booklet by Jim Monson, are available at this site. http://www.bibback.com Go Israel This site has a pictorial, interactive map that offers pictures alongside a map showing the place of many sites in Israel. http://www.goisrael.com/vt/ From www.goisrael.com, you can also connect to a gallery of pictures of Israel from the government tourism site, or go to: http://gallery.tourism.gov.il/pages/main.aspx Holy Land Maps, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida Historical maps are accessible on-line at this site. http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/maps/MAPHOLY01.HTML Logos Bible Atlas Comprehensive electronic Bible atlas with satellite and wireframe 3-D maps is available for purchase at this site. (See also Images of the Holy Land in the standard Logos package). http://www.logos.com (search products) Net Bible Maps These maps, part of the Net Bible project, use satellite images, which carry information on altitude, topography, vegetation, routes, etc. See: http://bible.org/maps Pictorial Library of Bible Lands Available for purchase at this site are more than 6000 high resolution images on CDs (including .ppt format). http://www.bibleplaces.com/details.htm Preserving Bible Times Narrated DVDs & books for teachers (most by Jim Martin) are available for purchase. http://www.preservingbibletimes.org (> resources/products)

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Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites This is a searchable site for photographs related to classical sites on the Perseus page (e.g., Ephesus, Corinth, etc.). http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0006 University of North Carolina Free ancient maps are being made available for students and researchers at the following site: http://www.unc.edu/awmc/mapsforstudents.html

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The World of the Bible: Pictorial, Virtual and Recreated
Acropolis Virtual Tour Maps and panoramic views of the Acropolis in Athens are available at this site. http://www.dkv.columbia.edu/vmc/learning ArtServe Prof. Michael Greenhalgh offers 11,500 images related to art and architecture from the Greek and Roman cities of Western Turkey. http://rubens.anu.edu.au Atlas Tours This is a tourism site with pictures from all Middle Eastern countries. http://www.atlastours.net/ Bible Archaeology Through this site offered by Elizabeth Fletcher, one can view pictures and information on a variety of topics such as houses, cities, crucifixion, agriculture, women, Jerusalem, war, etc., including further related websites. http://www.bible-archaeology.info/ Bible People This site offers pictures and information on the following topics: people of the Bible, art, ‘top ten’ lists, lands, women, architecture, and archaeology. For example, the archaeology section covers such topics as Adam, Abraham, houses, cities, crucifixion, agriculture, women, Jerusalem, war, etc. Under ‘cities’, one can view slide shows with maps, pictures, and information on Bersheba, Dan, Hazor, Hebron, Lachish, Machaerus, Megiddo, Sepphoris, Central Hill Country, Coastal Plain, the Negev, and the Jordan Valley. See the site map to find your way around such options easily: http://www.bible-people.info/site_map.htm Bible Picture Gallery This is a clip art site with some old photos and ancient drawings of traditional customs. http://www.biblepicturegallery.com Bible Places BiblePlaces.com offers information and pictures of places in the lands of the Bible. http://www.bibleplaces.com/ Donald Binder’s Website Dr. Binder offers this website in conjunction with his doctoral work on Second Temple synagogues. Pictures and text for the following places are offered: Gamla, Capernaum, Masada, Herodium, Qumran, Jerusalem, Delos, Ostia, Egypt, Cyrenaica, and Bosporus. http://www.pohick.org/sts/qumran.html Check out his links to archaeological resources at: http://www.pohick.org/sts/archaeol.html

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12 Em-Hakshatot Em-Hakshatot is a Roman era village in the southern Golan heights. Pictures can be found at: http://www.biblewalks.com/Sites/EmHakshatot.html Global Ministries of the United Methodist Church—Corinth This site offers an interactive map of Corinth in Paul’s day, with pictures of several sites. http://gbgm-umc.org/UMW/corinthians/cityarch.stm Holy Land Photos This site contains images and descriptions by Dr. Carl Rassmussen. http://holylandphotos.org/ Israel Images Image collections by Jack Hazzut are available for purchase at this site. http://www.israelimage.net/ Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs In addition to giving current information pertaining to Israel, this site also has articles, news, and photos pertaining to the study of ancient Israel. See especially the ‘history of Israel’ menu. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA Jerusalem Model, AD 66 This Holyland Corporation site offers a map and pictures of the model of ancient Jerusalem that is now located at the Israel Museum. *An interactive video and panoramic view of the model of Jerusalem. http://www.imj.org.il/panavision/model_pre_3eng.html *An interactive map and model of Jerusalem in 66 C.E. http://www.holylandnetwork.com/temple/model.htm The Jerusalem Archaeological Park At this site, one can view a 360 degree panorama of a reconstruction of the Jerusalem Temple area, read brief information on the temples in Jerusalem, use an interactive map to explore the Temple mount, and see a video on the history of excavations. Also available are primary and secondary sources on and an interactive timeline for the temples. http://www.archpark.org.il/ Journey to the Holy Land This seminarian’s site is helpful for pictures of Bethlehem, the Herodium, Jerusalem, the Mount of Olives, the Wadi Keit (a gorge running between Jerusalem and Jericho—it includes some pictures of Jericho), and Mt. Sinai. http://lluker.faculty.ltss.edu/

13 Masada This is an excellent 3D from various positions (including the air) of Masada. http://mordagan.com/links/mezada/tourweaver_mezada.html Metis, a QTVR for Ancient Greek Archaeological Sites Access pictures of important Greek sites from this page. Panoramic views of numerous sites are available. For example, visit the ancient marketplace in Athens, Delphi, the sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidauros, Corinth, Sardis, Troy, etc. http://www.stoa.org/metis/ Natalie Messika’s Page Creative 3D application projects in archaeology offer visualization of several Biblical places. Enjoy what is here and watch out for more to come (and be patient while downloading files). Recommendation: Click on “Movies” then “Caesarea,” or “City of David,” or “Jerusalem.” If you click on “BBC Birdy,” you will see the town of Sepphoris (a city being built in Jesus’ day four miles from Nazareth). English: http://www.nataliemessika.co.il/en/ Neot Kedumim Neot Kedumim is a garden illustrating plants and agriculture of the Bible. http://www.neot-kedumim.org.il/public/english/index.htm Qumran Visualization Project, UCLA This site from the University of California, Los Angeles, provides images, movies, references, a blog, and (promised soon) a virtual tour of Qumran. http://www.nelc.ucla.edu/qumran/ Persepolis3D The site offers a reconstruction of Persepolis and virtual pictures of the buildings. There is a shop option where a digital package can be purchased. http://www.persepolis3d.com/structur.htm See the panoramic view at: http://www.persepolis3d.com/data_panorama/panorama_05.htm Sacred Destinations This site offers an illustrated guide to sacred sites, pilgrimages, religious art, and historic holy places around the world, as well as maps and photos. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/ Sail Turkey’s Virtual Tour of Ephesus From this site, panoramic tours of Ephesus and other places in Turkey can be taken. http://sailturkey.com/panoramas/ephesus/

14 Scholars’ Net A Princeton University site identifying numerous websites for archaeological studies. This is an excellent resource. See: http://www.princeton.edu/~jedwards/scholars_net/archeology.html Sites and Photos of Archaeological Sites in Israel There are 134 brief videos to download at this site—and that is only part of what the site offers. The following link will take you to the videos of Israel. http://www.sitesandphotos.com/videostore/parent-97596.html The Tabernacle *Various websites related to the Tabernacle can be accessed through the eBibleteacher.com website: http://www.ebibleteacher.com/3DTaber/3DTaberLinks.html *Ancient copper mines and a model of the Tabernacle are features at Timnah Park in southern Israel. The park’s website is: http://www.archpark.org.il/ Tim Schumaker’s Website Here is a great resource for “Links to Virtual Walks in the Holy Land” (75 links!). http://www.tjschu.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1:links-forvirtual-walks-in-the-holy-land&catid=1:wacle-2009&Itemid= 5 University of the Holy Land—Nazareth Village Project This site offers PowerPoint presentations on archaeology, daily life, the synagogue, and the reconstructed village. http://www.uhl.ac/NazarethVillage/nazareth.html Virtual Tours of Israel This site has panoramic photographs of various sites in Israel and Jerusalem. See, for example, panoramic tours of Qumran, the Dead Sea, the Tower of David area in Jerusalem, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Church of Mary Magdalene, the Damascus Gate, the Jaffa Gate, the Western Wall of the Temple, the Cardo (old covered market in Jerusalem), the Cave of John the Baptist, the Church of the Beatitudes, the Church of the Loaves and Fishes (Tabgha), the Synagogue (3rd/4th c. A.D.) at Capernaum, Tel Dan, and the Aqueduct at Caesarea. http://3disrael.com/ Walking in the Sandals An interactive introduction to Holy Land sites with descriptions. http://ancientsandals.com/

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Internet Resources for the Study of the Greek and Roman World
Ancient Greece The following site gives access to the various museums of ancient Greece, as well as to archaeology, ancient architecture, maps (of Greece, Crete, Piraeus, the Bronze Age, Mycenaean, Acropolis, Delphi Tholos, Knossos, Parthenon, Palaikastro, Propylaia, Phaistos, Zakros), history, culture, photographs, and art. A timeline is also provided. Access Greek museums from this site: Acropolis Museum Athens National Archaeological Museum Delphi Museum Heraklion Museum (Crete) Sitia Museum (Crete) Eretria Museum Thera Prehistoric Museum http://www.ancient-greece.org APIS (Advanced Papyrological Information System) ‘APIS is a collections-based repository hosting information about and images of papyrological materials (e.g. papyri, ostraca, wood tablets, etc) located in collections around the world.’ http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/projects/digital/apis/index.html Association of College and Research Libraries, Western European Studies Section This important site offers resources to scholars researching in classical studies. Subject headings include: guides/subject indices, electronic databases, bibliographies, directories/associations, electronic texts, electronic journals, and other resources. http://wess.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Classics_Studies_Web Athena This site includes thousands of texts that can be searched by an author’s names. Included are Greek and Roman texts, as well as some early Christian texts. http://un2sg4.unige.ch/athena/html/authors.html Bibliotheca Augustana Greek and Latin (as well as other) primary sources (not in translation) are available at this Augsburg site. http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/a_index.html

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16 Bibliotheca Classica Selecta – Accueil (BCS) This site (in French) is an introduction to resources in classical studies. (Use the translator website options noted in ‘Other Research Sites’, below.) It is based on J. Poucet and J. M. Hannick, Aux Bibliographicque, 5th ed. (Namur, Belgium: Editions Artel, 1997). In addition, it contains links to available Internet sources for the classics. http://bcs.fltr.ucl.ac.be/default.htm Bryn Mawr Classical Review Bryn Mawr Classical Review contains reviews of recent monographs in the classics. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/ Checklist of Editions of Greek and Latin Papyri, Ostraca and Tablets A ready bibliography of all monographs, current and out-of-print, of Greek and Latin texts on papyri, ostraca or tablets. Prepared and updated by John F. Oates for the Duke Papyrus Archive. http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/texts/clist.html Classica From this site, initially in Flemish (http://users.telenet.be/herman.lauvrys/), one can access an English page for Latin and Greek authors (and other resources) on the web. Some translations are also available. Greek: http://users.telenet.be/herman.lauvrys/authorsg.htm Latin: http://users.telenet.be/herman.lauvrys/authorsl.htm#Celsus Classical Studies Page Alan Liu’s (University of California, Santa Barbara) site covers Humanities Research, as well as this classics page. Good starting place. http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2708 Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology The University of Michigan’s Classics Department maintains this collection of Internet links. It features a keyword search and is a good starting place for research in this area of study. http://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/faecher/links/classic.htm Classics at Oxford This is the home page of the Faculty of Literae Humaniores at Oxford University. It offers a wide variety of links to resources both within and outside of the UK. http://www.classics.ox.ac.uk/index.asp Classics Collections Page This page features a compilation of Internet resources from Blake Landor of the University of Florida Library. http://wess.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Classics_Studies_Web http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/cm/classics/

17 Classics Ireland Found here are full text articles on all aspects of classical studies. http://www.ucd.ie/cai/classics-ireland/ Classics Resources This important site connects one to numerous websites of interest for the researcher in Classics. Websites are listed under the following headings: General Classics Listings, Greek-Latin Reference Sites, Texts: General, Classics E-Journals, Classics E-Lists, Maps/Sites – Ancient World, Greek Resources, Greek Teaching Tools, Greek Paleography and Epigraphy, Greek Grammar, Greek Lexica, Greek Authors and Texts, Classics Department Sites, Classics Associations, Personal Pages of Note, Latin Teaching Resources, Latin Grammar, Latin Dictionaries, Latin Authors and Texts, Medieval Latin Language and Culture, and Specialized Sites. http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~cwconrad/classics.html Classics Resources, University of Texas This site offers links to resources for classical studies. The resource links are offered under the following headings: directories/lists of electronic resources, course materials— languages and literature, course materials—classical civilizations, classical organizations, electronic journals/bibliographies, and information. There are also links to e-mail discussion lists and blogs. http://www.utexas.edu/depts/classics/links.html De Imperatoribus Romanis Features an online encyclopaedia on the Roman emperors, articles, pictures, bibliographies, and genealogical charts. http://www.roman-emperors.org/ Diotima Diotima is focused on Materials for the Study of Women & Gender in the Ancient World. Intended to share materials for those teaching courses on this subject, this site also makes available newly-translated primary sources for distribution in course packets. http://www.stoa.org/diotima/ Duke Papyrus Archive This archive offers electronic access to unpublished Duke papyri from ancient Egypt. One can search over 1,000 online catalogue records and 200 images of papyri by selected topics. http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/ Electronic Antiquity: Communicating the Classics Beginning in June 1993, this site has been and continues to be one of the earliest electronic journals in classical studies. Here, one can download or view articles. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ElAnt/

18 Electronic Resources for Classicists: The Second Generation Table of Contents: Introduction, Gateways, links to classics resources, databases and web projects, home pages, e-publications, publishers and journals, bibliographical indexes, bibliographies, images, e-text archives, course materials, author specific sites, fonts and software, software developers, prof. organizations, classics departments, on-line seminars, miscellaneous, K-12 resources (i.e., resources for secondary education), and discussion groups. http://www.tlg.uci.edu/index/resources.html Elpenor This resource to Greek and Latin texts in antiquity offers a variety of other resources, including language study, forums for discussion, an online bookstore, etc. http://www.ellopos.net/elpenor/libraries.asp Forum Romanum This site offers the Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum, a digital library of Latin literature. It also offers outlines of Roman history, the text of The Private Life of the Romans by Harold Whetstone Johnston (1903; rev. Mary Johnston, 1932), among other things. A number of primary texts link one to Amazon.com, while others are provided on the website. http://www.forumromanum.org/index2.html Guide to Latin Texts on the Internet Part of the Labyrinth project at Georgetown University, this guide has pointers to Latin text databases on the Internet (including texts and translations available over the Internet). This site is no longer being maintained but helpful links are still available. http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth/subjects/latin/latin.html Hanover Historical Texts Project This project of Hanover College places historical texts in the public domain online. It includes texts by the Presocractics, Anaxagoras, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Empedocles, Parmenides, Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans, Thales, and Zeno. http://history.hanover.edu/project.html Herodotus, The Histories Translated by George Rawlinson. http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.html Hill Monastic Manuscript Library At St. John’s University, this library has over 25 million pages from nearly 90,000 volumes in libraries and archives of classical and medieval handwritten manuscripts in microfilm. Some images are present at this site, but mainly information about the library’s effort to make the collection available in electronic format is discussed. http://www.hmml.org/

19 The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook This site contains files and links to source texts on the net, including those on Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, Israel, Greece, the Hellenistic world, Rome, and Late Antiquity. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook.html There is also a discussion of the proper use of primary sources at: http://www.bowdoin.edu/writing-guides/primaries.htm Internet Classics Archive Nearly 400 Greek and Roman works are available in English translation. Browsing can be done by author (e.g., Aristotle, Cicero, Herodotus, Josephus, Plato—in all, currently 53 Greek and Latin authors). Note: the search option has not worked for several years to date, but translated texts by these authors can be accessed via the site. http://classics.mit.edu The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Search for relevant articles in this peer reviewed encyclopaedia. http://www.iep.utm.edu/ K. C. Hanson’s Collection of Ancient Documents Some Mesopotamian (Sumerian, Akkadian), Hittite, Greek, West Semitic (Aramaic, Hebrew, Moabite, Phoenician, Ugaritic), Egyptian, and Latin texts are available, as well as photo galleries. There are also important links to other sites that offer help for researching these ancient documents. http://web.archive.org/web/20010813205507/http://www.stolaf.edu/people/kchanson/ancdo cs.html Journal for the Study of Rhetorical Criticism This journal is available online at: http://rhetjournal.net/ Kirke This German website offers website links to classical philology. http://www.kirke.hu-berlin.de/ressourc/ressourc.html The Latin Library A large number of texts in Latin, including early Christian, are available at this website, offered by the Ad Fontes Academy (a private Christian school). Be sure to check the separate credit page for references to critical editions that have been used. http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/classics.html#texts Library of Congress Classics WWW Page Search the online catalogue of the Library of Congress and use links to other resources for the classics and electronic texts and publishing. http://www.loc.gov/global/classics/classics.html

20 Library of Congress Greek and Latin Classics Internet Resources This site features resources for classics and related areas (Mediaeval Studies, Renaissance, Patristics, etc.) http://www.loc.gov/rr/main/alcove9/classics.html The Loeb Classical Library The LCL is a collection of all important works from antiquity in Greek and Latin. From this website, one can search the catalogue of works that have been published. (Note: from Google Books, one can access many of the pages of these works.) http://www.hup.harvard.edu/loeb Louisiana State University’s Library Subjects Guide—Classical Studies This helpful site offers links for classical studies under the following general headings: web guides to general classical resources, web guides to Roman resources, web guides to Greek resources, books in the LSU libraries, online Greek and Latin texts, ancient Greek and Roman images, journals (print and online), and dictionaries and language sites. http://www.lib.lsu.edu/hum/classics.html Maria Pantelia’s Electronic Resources for Classicists: The Second Generation This is an important site to access electronic resources for classics. http://www.tlg.uci.edu/index/resources.html The MIT Classics Archive This site offers over four hundred Greek and Latin texts (in translation and in Greek or Latin). Many are links to the Perseus Project—but not all. http://classics.mit.edu/Browse/index.html National Junior Classical League The League includes about 54,000 high school students interested in Latin or classical studies. http://www.njcl.org/ Nestor Bibliography of Aegean prehistory and related areas from University of Cincinnati. http://classics.uc.edu/nestor/ Odysseus, the WWW Server for the Hellenic Ministry of Culture The site offers numerous links having to do with museums, archaeology, and monuments in Greece. Maps and current literature are also covered. This site can be searched. http://www.unc.edu/awmc/web-odysseus.html

21 Okeanos A website for Biblical, Classical, and Ancient Near Eastern Studies. http://faculty.washington.edu/snoegel/okeanos.html Biblical Study resources and links can be found at: http://faculty.washington.edu/snoegel/okeanos5.html The Online Books Page This page is a project of the University of Pennsylvania. At this site, many books can be searched (in translation), including Greek, Latin, and Early Church primary sources. http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/ Online Primary Literature This University of Pennsylvania page has numerous important, religious primary texts from the Ancient Near East, the Hellenistic Mediterranean region, and early Christianity. Among other significant literature, texts from Jewish Pseudepigrapha, the Dead Sea Scrolls and Gnosticism are available here as well. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~humm/Resources/Texts/index.html Oxford Text Archive One of the largest electronic text archives, it includes many classical texts in the original languages. Access to most is restricted to varying degrees, while some can be directly downloaded. http://ota.ahds.ac.uk/ Papyrology at Oxford This site connects the researcher to two sub-sites of interest: an Oxyrhynchus site (papyri) and a Herculaneum papyri site. http://www.papyrology.ox.ac.uk/ Papyrology Home Page This page contains links to institutions with papyrology collections, images, reviews, announcements of books on papyrology, and the table of contents and indices for Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. http://www.users.drew.edu/~jmuccigr/papyrology/ The Perseus Atlas Project This Project is developing a geographic information system which focuses on classical Greece, including a linking of references in classical texts to actual geographic features in the GIS. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/patlas

22 Perseus Project The Perseus Project of Tufts University (with mirror sites in Berlin and Chicago) is an ‘evolving digital library’ that aims to offer a wide range of source materials free of charge to as many people as possible. In particular, it offers Greek and Latin texts in primary languages and translation that can be searched electronically. In additional to classical writings, the site also offers Greek papyrus texts. (The site hosts other collections too.) It is therefore useful for reading primary texts, searching for background or contextual material for New Testament and early Church studies (using keyword and phrase searches), and doing word and phrase studies and morphological analyses. It is possible to search for synonyms and words that regularly occur in the same context. The site has a word frequency tool. It also contains images of art, archaeological sites, buildings, an encyclopaedia, and various search tools. Each word in texts has a morphological link to Liddell-Scott-Jones’ Greek Lexicon and other words in the database. This is a major website for classics, Biblical Studies, and Patristics. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de Plato, Works Complete works. http://classics.mit.edu/Browse/browse-Plato.html Plutarch Complete works. http://classics.mit.edu/Browse/browse-Plutarch.html Project Libellus This features an extensive collection of Latin classics (untranslated). http://www.hhhh.org/perseant/libellus/texts/ Rassegna degli Strumenti Informatici per lo Studio dell= Antichita Classica This site focuses on Classical Antiquity. http://www.rassegna.unibo.it/ ROMARCH - A Resource for the Art and Archaeology of Ancient Italy and the Provinces of Rome. This site offers access to the archives of the ROMARCH Internet discussion by the Interdepartmental Program in Classical Art and Archaeology at the University of Michigan. http://www.arts.usyd.edu.au/departs/classical/dropbox/ROMARCH.html Scholia Reviews The Scholia Review reviews scholarly books in classical studies. Backfiles are available on the Web. http://www.classics.und.ac.za/reviews/

23 Searchable Greek Inscriptions This scholarly resource allows one to read ancient Greek inscriptions by region. http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/ Society of Biblical Literature SBL offers some suggestions to access Greek and Roman sources at: http://www.sbl-site.org/educational/researchtools_grecoromanworld.aspx Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy http://plato.stanford.edu Tacitus Texts of the Histories and Annals of Tacitus, translated by Alfred John Church and William J. Brodribb. http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/annals.html http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/histories.html Thesaurus Linguae Grecae Basic information about the TLG and the texts which are presently available are listed at this site. The TLG has collected and digitized most Greek literature from Homer to the fall of Byzantium in 1453. To use the TLG, one has to pay a fee. http://www.tlg.uci.edu/ The Tech Classics Archive This archive contains 375 works by 30 classical authors. One can search a group of texts for a word or phrase. http://the-tech.mit.edu/Classics TOCS-IN (Tables of Contents of Journals of Interest to Classicists) Tables of contents for over 150 journals, with keyword search capability (incl. Author, title, date, journal abbreviation). http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/amphoras/tocs.html University of Chicago Libraries, The Classics and Ancient Near East Department This site lists useful internet resources for classics and the Ancient Near East. It also offers links to other resources on the Internet. http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/su/ane/ http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/su/classics/ University of Chicago Department of Classics A good starting place for research in the classics. http://classics.uchicago.edu/resources/

24 Virgil, Works http://classics.mit.edu/Virgil/aeneid.html http://classics.mit.edu/Virgil/eclogue.html http://classics.mit.edu/Virgil/georgics.html Virtual Religion Index See the links to many resources for Ancient Near Eastern Studies, classical Greece, Hellenism, Republican Rome, Roman Empire, mystery cults, Biblical Studies, archaeology, Jewish Studies, etc. http://virtualreligion.net/vri/ ‘Voice of the Shuttle’ Website As already mentioned, the VoS website offers links relevant for research in Greek and Roman archaeology, history, and classical literature. Archaeology Page: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2704 Classical Studies: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2708 History: http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=2713 World Art Treasures An ongoing collection of art treasures from around the world. http://sgwww.epfl.ch/BERGER World Civilization 101 Reader: Images and Texts of the Past This site, compiled and edited by George Ouwendijk and Bill Rednour, offers a large number of texts and images, including ones from the Ancient Near East, Greece, and Rome. http://web.archive.org/web/20020520074257/http://www.ccny.cuny.edu/humanities/history /readercont.htm World Digital Library Project This project offers primary source material from around the world. http://www.wdl.org/en/# World Wide Web Sites Relating to the Ancient Mediterranean: Compiled by Dr. K. C. Hanson. http://www.kchanson.com/LINKS/ancweb.html

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Internet Resources for the Study of the Ancient Near East
ABZU and ETANA ABZU is a primary site to check for new internet resources regarding the ancient Near East. It is a “guide to networked open access data relevant to the study and public presentation of the Ancient Near East and the Ancient Mediterranean world.” ABZU can be searched electronically (e.g., by keyword, author, title). “ETANA (Electronic Texts and Ancient Near Eastern Archives) has digitized, and continues to digitize, texts selected as valuable for teaching and research relating to ancient Near Eastern studies.” The site has “selected primarily editions that are outside of copyright, or with the permission of copyright holders.” These new electronic editions are under copyright, but the ETANA project chooses to make these freely available for noncommercial teaching and research purposes. ABZU and ETANA collections may be found through the following connection: http://www.etana.org http://www.etana.org/abzu/ Aigyptos This site is a database for Egyptological literature. One can sign in as a guest. http://www.aigyptos.uni-muenchen.de/indexe.htm Akhenaten’s World This privately managed site is devoted to the study of the Amarna Period. Subjects include: history, nations, cities, races, peoples, and maps. There are also related website links and a bibliography. http://www.nigli.net/akhenaten/help.html The Amarna Tablets 14th century BCE (late bronze age) letters from Middle Egypt. The website includes a history of Egypt and other helpful information on ancient Egypt. http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/amarnaletters.htm The American Research Center in Egypt This link takes one to the homepage of the center. One can also explore the table of contents (or authors or phrases) of articles published in the Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, read the center’s newsletter, or several articles posted on the webpage. The affiliate institutions section will open up numerous other websites of archaeological research in Egypt. http://www.arce.org/

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26 Ancient History, Archaeology and Biblical Studies This site has a few translated Babylonian and Persian primary sources, as well as some Latin histories (Julius Caesar, Tacitus, Livy, Herodotus), and a few of Plutarch’s biographies. http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ APIS: The Advanced Papyrological Information System This is a searchable site at the University of Michigan. It catalogues and, if possible, translates papyri. Digital images in the collection are also available. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?c=apis&page=search The British Museum – Ancient Egypt Includes information on the holdings of the British Museum as well as other UK museums. http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/ Digital Egypt This is a learning and teaching site for higher education. Included are several 3D reconstructions of sites, maps and information on archaeological digs. The main sections of the site are organized into archaeology, art and architecture, communication technologies, ideology and beliefs, technology and industry, contacts between peoples, social history, and the exact sciences. http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/ The Duke Papyrus Archive This site contains primary texts and photographs of papyri (nearly 1400) from ancient Egypt. http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/ Edinburgh Ras Shamra Project Texts, transliterations and translations are available at this site. http://www2.div.ed.ac.uk/other/ugarit//home.htm The Egypt Exploration Society News, the online catalogue, content searches of the society’s Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, and publications are available at this site. http://www.ees.ac.uk/ The Egypt Page (UPENN) Links to important sites concerned with ancient Egypt and the origin of resources. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/Egypt.html The Egyptian Museum, Turin, Italy Turin’s Egyptian Museum’s website is: http://www.museoegizio.org/pages/hp_en.jsp

27 Egyptology Resources This page offers news, links to resources, links to digs, institutions, museums, journals, individual home pages, photos, etc. It is set up with the assistance of the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, UK. http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/er/ ETANA—Electronic Tools and Ancient Near Eastern Archives This is an electronic project for the study of the ancient Near East’s history and culture. See ‘ABZU’, above, or type in the following address: http://www.etana.org/ The History of the Ancient Near East Electronic Compendium Search civilizations, cultures, areas, regions, and the prehistory of the Ancient Near East at this site. One can also access information on archaeological sites, related websites, articles, and book titles. http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/ Hittite Grammar Homepage From this site, one can access sections on Hittite grammar, a Hittite lexicon, Sumerian lexicon, Akkadian lexicon, and Hittite texts. The site also has external links for further Hittite research. http://www.premiumwanadoo.com/cuneiform.languages/index_en.php?page=accueil Hittite Homepage The site offers an excellent selection of resources for studying the Hittite civilization, including texts, museum links, grammar, articles, pictures, websites, archaeological sites, and bibliography. http://www.mesas.emory.edu/hittitehome/ Images of Egypt (UPENN) Images of scenery and Egyptian artifacts. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Egypt_GIFS/menu_Egypt.html Internet Ancient History Sourcebook Already noted, this website includes information on Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, Israel, and the Hellenistic world, among other things. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook.html The Institute of Egyptian Art and Archaeology Tour University of Memphis Egyptian artifacts. http://www.memphis.edu/egypt/

28 K. C. Hanson’s Collection of Ancient Documents Already mentioned, this site includes Mesopotamian (Sumerian and Akkadian), Hittite, Greek, Roman, the Ammonite, Aramaic, Hebrew, Moabite, Phoenician, Ugaritic, and Egyptian documents. It also includes photo galleries and information on researching ancient documents. http://web.archive.org/web/20010813205507/http://www.stolaf.edu/people/kchanson/ancdo cs.html Leuven Online Index of Ptolemaic and Roman Hieroglyphic Texts This index of the texts is in French. http://www.arts.kuleuven.be/ptt/ Louvre Museum, Paris The Louvre has exhibits and virtual tours of the Near East, ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome. http://www.louvre.fr/llv/musee/alaune.jsp?bmLocale=en Michael C. Carlos Museum, Emory University Includes images of objects in Classics and Ancient Near East from Ancient Egypt, Ancient Near East, Classical Greece and Rome. http://www.carlos.emory.edu/ Middle East Studies at the University of Texas at Austin The Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University maintains this extensive listing of resources from and about the Middle East. http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/mes/ Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago This is a major site to access information on research, museums, and events pertaining to the study of the Ancient Near East. Explore offerings on archaeology, philology, Anatolia, Egypt/Nubia, Mesopotamia/Syria, Persia, and Yemen. Learn about the institute’s projects and find related websites. http://oi.uchicago.edu/ The OT and the ANE An extensive collection of links and documents by Ralph Klein. http://prophetess.lstc.edu/~rklein/ Petra: The Great Temple Excavation (Brown University) For a history of Petra and the Nabataeans, a tour of the great temple, photographs, and news on excavations, see: http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/Petra/

29 Sumerian Literary Compositions (ETCSL) This site is a catalogue that shows all the compositions which will be included in the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature. It is based closely on the catalogue devised by Miguel Civil, with his co-operation. http://www-etcsl.orient.ox.ac.uk/catalogue.htm Tel el-Borg This is the home page for archaeology on this north Sinai archaeological site. It offers pictures, press releases, reports, and questions and answers regarding the site. http://www.tellelborg.org/ Tigay: Professor Jeffrey H. Tigay’s Page at University of Pennsylvania Dr. Tigay offers numerous helps for students, including ‘Recent Translations of Ancient Near Eastern Texts’. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~jtigay/ University of Chicago, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations This website of the department offers links to associated institutions, the Oriental Institute, The Center for Middle Eastern Studies, The Univ. of Chicago’s Middle East Department, and the Journal of Near Eastern Studies. http://nelc.uchicago.edu/ Vanderbilt University’s Ancient Near Eastern Study Guide This is a very helpful resource to Ancient Near Eastern Studies, helping one to know different materials to investigate, as well as offering links to some of them. http://divinity.library.vanderbilt.edu/guides/ane.pdf World Civilization 101 Reader: Images and Texts of the Past As already mentioned, this site not only offers a large number of texts and images pertaining to Greece and Rome, but also to the Ancient Near East. http://web.archive.org/web/20020520074257/http://www.ccny.cuny.edu/humanities/history /readercont.htm

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Internet Resources for the Study of the Jewish World
American Schools of Oriental Research ASOR Newsletter, abstracts from BASOR, excerpts and articles from Biblical Archaeologist (see Books and Journals). http://www.asor.org/ Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha on the Wesley Center Online Page http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/index.htm Babylonian Talmud, Rodkinson This site may offer the most extensive translation of the Babylonian Talmud (by Michael Rodkinson, 1918) now available on the web. It is not complete. The tracts are: Sabbath, Erubin, Shekalim, Rosh Hashana, Pesachim, Yomah, Hagiga, Betzh, Succah, Moed Katan, Taanith, Meqilla, Ebel Rabbathi or Semahoth, Aboth, Derech Eretz-Rabba, Derech EretzZuta, Baba Kama (First Gate) parts I and II, Baba Metzia (Middle Gate), Baba Bathra (Last Gate), Sanhedrin (Section: Jurisprudence [Damages]), Maccoth, Shubuoth, Eduvoth, Abuda Zara, Horioth. There is also a history of the Talmud at this site. http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/talmud.htm Babylonian Talmud, Soncino Several tractates from five of the six seders of the Babylonian Talmud in this standard English translation are offered online: SEDER ZERA‘IM: Berakoth SEDER MO‘ED: Shabbath SEDER NASHIM: Yebamoth, Kethuboth, Nedarim, Nazir, Sotah, Gittin, SEDER NEZIKIN: Baba Kamma, Baba Mezi‘a, Baba Bathra, Sanhedrin, ‘Abodah Zarah, Horayoth SEDER KODASHIM SEDER TOHOROTH: Niddah, Tohoroth http://www.come-and-hear.com/talmud/index.html (the tractates are hyperlinked to the web) Bible History and Geography An individual’s website with various tools for Bible study. The map of Biblical Israel is a useful tool for quick reference and teaching. http://www.bible-history.com/geography/ancient-israel/ Center for Computer Analysis of Texts (CCAT) CCAT offers a variety of texts and software at their site: a morphologically analyzed LXX is online; a parallel aligned Hebrew-Aramaic and Greek Old Testament; Augustine’s Confessions; Lightfoot’s translation of the Apostolic Fathers (under Church Writers); the Quran. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/gopher/

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31 The Dead Sea Scrolls Four websites are listed here for access to the Dead Sea Scrolls: *Gnostic Society Library: The society also contains information and texts from the Qumran community’s scrolls. http://www.webcom.com/gnosis/library/scroll.htm *Univ. of Pennsylvania: http://www.history.upenn.edu/~humm/Resources/Texts/dss.html *iTanak: http://www.itanakh.org/texts/deadseascrolls/ *For an overview of Scroll History as well as images and translations of the Scrolls: Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/scrolls/toc.html Digitization Projects for Judaism For a description (and some internet links) of ongoing digitization projects for Judaism, see: http://cojs.org/flashpaper/projects.swf Early Christian Writings This website offers some Jewish primary sources in translation. http://www.earlychristianwritings.com Josephus (William Whiston’s translation) Available at Wesley Center Online: http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/index.htm Journal of Semitics Titles and abstracts to the journal and several other journals from the University of South Africa. http://www.unisa.ac.za/Default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=944 Judaism and Jewish Resources This is a rich site for links to such resources. http://shamash.org/trb/judaism.html The Online Critical Pseudepigrapha The purpose of this site is to develop and publish electronic editions of the best critical texts of the "Old Testament" Pseudepigrapha and related literature. http://ocp.acadiau.ca/ Orion Center This center maintains a searchable bibliography for the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/resources/bib/bibliosearch.shtml The center also allows one to tour Qumran and get news about the scrolls. http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/

32 Philo (C. D. Yonge’s translation) Available at Wesley Center Online: http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/index.htm Philo Concordance Project A project of the University of Trondheim. This website offers online examples of the ongoing project. http://webster.hibo.no/alu/seksjon/krl/kaare/filon/index.html Project Genesis A Jewish education project, including online classes (free). http://www.torah.org Qumran: Caves and Contents This site in Biblical Archaeological Review gives the references and contents of the Qumran caves. Some pictures of the scrolls are also available. http://www.bib-arch.org/online-exclusives/dead-sea-scrolls-05.asp?CaveID=4 Rambi This site is for searching the internet for articles on Jewish studies. http://aleph3.libnet.ac.il/F/?func=find-b-0&local_base=rmb01&con_lng=eng Second Temple Synagogues Dr. Donald Binder’s website devoted to the study of synagogues prior to AD 70. The site includes literature and an image gallery. http://www.pohick.org/sts Sepphoris Project For glass finds and reports on excavations at Sepphoris: http://www.sepphoris.info/ See also Excavations at Sepphoris: http://www.colby.edu/rel/archaeology/Israel.html Society of Biblical Literature SBL offers links to Philo, Josephus, the Apocrypha, and portions of the Talmud at: http://www.sbl-site.org/educational/researchtools_earlyJandC.aspx Some of the Qumran literature can be accessed at: http://www.sbl-site.org/educational/researchtools_qumranDSS.aspx Talmud, Soncino Translation This site includes the Soncino edition of some of the Talmud tractates on-line. http://www.come-and-hear.com/talmud/

33 Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit Manuscripts discovered in an old Cairo synagogue in the late 19th c. are being made available on the Web. http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/Taylor-Schechter/ Torahnet Page This page helps people study the Torah and Talmud online. http://torahnet.org/ University of St. Andrews’ Old Testament Pseudepigrapha For descriptions of OT Pseudepigrapha, see: http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/divinity/rt/otp/abstracts/ Web Torah Library Tanach, Babylonian and Palestinian Talmuds, Mishna, etc. are available in Hebrew (total of 27 megab) http://www.vbm-torah.org/ Works of Flavius Josephus Josephus was a first century Jewish historian whose records are important for Jewish and Early Church studies. His works are available in English translation from various sites, such as: Wesley Center Online: http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/index.htm Christian Classics Ethereal Library: http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/JOSEPHUS.HTM

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Internet Resources for the Study of the Early (and Later) Church
Christian Classics Ethereal Library This site offers texts of the Church Fathers in Greek, Latin, and English translation—as well as later works. The site can be searched by author, text, or subject. It also offers classical literature and historical resources, as well as theological works and older (but useful) texts for Biblical Studies (such as Greek grammars). http://www.ccel.org/ Church Fathers The following site includes numerous early Christian authors in translation. http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Christianity/Church_History/Early Christian_Writings/ Early Church Fathers http://biblestudy.churches.net/CCEL/FATHERS2/INDEX.HTM The Early Church, Robert Bradshaw This site offers various internet resources for studying the Early Church: the Bible (canon, inspiration, interpretation), councils and creeds, doctrine and practice, heresies and sects, history, ministry, people, philosophy, writings, etc. http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/ The Fathers of the Church http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/fathers.htm The Gnostic Society Library This site offers various resources for the study of Gnosticism, including online translations of Gnostic and Gnostic-related works. The Nag Hammadi library is included, along with the Corpus Hermeticum (non-Christian Gnostic texts), Manichaean and Mandean texts. The site also offers access to translations of Christian apocrypha and early Christian literature (apocalypses, apocryphal gospels, apocryphal acts, etc.). It has the polemical works of Irenaeus, Tertullian, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Hippolytus, Augustine, and others. http://www.gnosis.org/library.html Internet Christian Library A number of primary texts in translation can be accessed from this site, not only authors but also creeds, canons, as well as information on the canon, internet sites, etc. http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/christian-history.html

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35 Internet Medieval Sourcebook Numerous websites related to the Middle Ages can be accessed from this excellent site. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html Medieval Church.org.uk This is a helpful resource that offers materials covering areas such as councils and synods, the crusades, doctrines, heresies, the papacy, people, monasticism, religious orders, etc. http://www.medievalchurch.org.uk New Testament Gateway The NT Gateway website offers resources on patristics. http://ntgateway.com/patristi.htm Order of St. Benedict A number of primary sources for the early Church can be accessed at this site. http://www.osb.org/lectio/ St. Pachomius Library This site is an online, living encyclopaedia of Orthodox Christianity. http://www.voskrese.info/spl/index.html Wesley Center Online Apocryphal Gospels, Apocalypses, and Acts, Pseudonymous Writings, and Nag Hammadi Codices are available at this site. http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies/noncanon/index.htm

36

Internet Resources for Biblical Studies
Biblical Institute of Fribourg University This site contains the activities of the Biblical Institute, including the new edition of Biblica Hebraica. It also gives information on Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis and Novum Testamentum et Orbis Antiquus, and on the Swiss Society for Ancient Near Eastern Studies. http://www.unifr.ch/dbs/ Blue Letter Bible This site offers free online Bible resources, commentaries, and studies: www.blueletterbible.org/ Center for Computer Analysis of Texts (CCAT) CCAT offers a variety of texts and software at their site, such as a morphologically analyzed LXX, a parallel aligned Hebrew-Aramaic and Greek Old Testament, Augustine’s Confessions, Lightfoot’s translation of the Apostolic Fathers (under Church Writers), and the Quran. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/gopher/ Christian Classics Ethereal Library This site has already been mentioned. In addition to historical resources and texts of classical literature, the Church Fathers, and later writers in English translation, it also offers some older resources for Biblical studies (such as Greek grammars). http://www.ccel.org/ Interpreting Ancient Manuscripts This site contains over 50 images of original manuscripts of the NT. Information on materials, writing formats, and other issues in textual criticism can be found at this site as well. http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/mss/overview.html On-Line Primary Source Literature This site offers numerous texts in translation. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~humm/Resources/Texts/bibTexts.html Palestine in the Time of Jesus: Social Structures and Social Conflicts K. C. Hanson’s and Douglas Oakman’s website links that go with their book by this title: http://www.kchanson.com/PTJ/ptj.html Resource Pages for Biblical Studies Dr. Torrey Seland, of the School of Mission and Theology in Stavanger, Norway, offers numerous resources for Biblical Studies. http://torreys.org/bible/

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37 Society of Biblical Literature http://www.sbl-site.org/ Study Light This site has various resources for studying Scripture. The resources are not at the scholarly level and tend to be dated. Yet it includes dictionaries, encyclopaedias, commentaries, lexicons, and other resources. Of note is Baker’s Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology. http://studylight.org TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism This site contains an electronic, peer-reviewed, journal. http://rosetta.reltech.org/TC/TC.html

38

Other On-Line Portals to Web-based Research for Biblical Studies
See the sites listed by the Society of Biblical Literature: http://www.sbl-site.org/educational/researchtools_newtestament.aspx Annotated Bibliography of Online Research Tools This is Joe Fleener’s site, offering many resources for Biblical and theological studies. http://users.rcn.com/fleener/Bible_Study_Links.html Bible.org This site offers an online Bible Study Resource center for all levels of Biblical study that is associated with several Dallas Theological Seminary professors. The Net Bible and various resources can be accessed on this site’s ‘Study Tools’ pull-down menu. http://www.bible.org/ Bible-Links Page Wieland Willker’s page of links for Biblical studies. This scholarly site includes blogs, mailing lists, Bible software, German sites, publishing houses, etc. — and many sites not listed in this publication. It also covers the topics in this publication. As an extensive, scholarly site, it needs to be consulted for online Biblical studies. http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/bibel.html Biblical eSources A website by Gordon College faculty offering sources for Old Testament, New Testament, Greek language learning, and New England religious history. http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/ted_hildebrandt/index.cfm Dictionary of Socio-Rhetorical Terms A noted scholar in the field, Dr. Vernon Robbins, has provided this online resource for terms used in social science and rhetorical criticism. http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/SRI/defns/index.cfm The Electronic Scripture Library This site offers a collection of links for the study of Scripture. http://www.vocations.org/library/linkss.htm#BibWorld The Forest of Rhetoric This site is provided by Dr. Gideon Burton of Brigham Young University. It offers the beginning student a guide to the terms of classical and renaissance rhetoric. http://rhetoric.byu.edu/ Glossary of Rhetorical Terms—University of Kentucky See: http://www.uky.edu/AS/Classics/rhetoric.html

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39 Internet Ancient History Sourcebook This site, already mentioned, offers helpful information on studying ancient history as well as websites for the study of the Ancient Near East, Greece, and Rome, as well as for the study of religion and philosophy. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook01.html#Other%20Sources%20of%20Infor mation%20on%20Ancient%20History IOSCS (The International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies) This site offers links to online research on the Septuagint. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ioscs/ iTanakh A helpful site for the study of the OT and the ANE. http://www.itanakh.org/ K. C. Hanson's HomePage NT scholar K. C. Hanson’s resources for NT backgrounds. http://www.kchanson.com New Testament Resources Dr. Rod Decker’s resources for NT studies. The site covers a wide variety of exegetical topics, such as Greek grammar, textual criticism, exegesis, and theology. http://www.ntresources.com/ NT Gateway A gateway to NT Biblical studies managed by Dr. Mark Goodacre at Duke University. http://www.ntgateway.com/ Cf. also Old Testament Gateway: http://www.otgateway.com/index.htm N. T. Wright Page This is an unofficial website dedicated to a major New Testament scholar, Dr. N. T. Wright. Numerous articles and other information are available. http://www.ntwrightpage.com/ The Paul Page This website is dedicated to the study of the new perspective on Paul. http://www.thepaulpage.com Religion Online This site offers over 6,000 articles, chapters, and entire books online on various topics, including Old Testament and New Testament Studies, theology, social issues, ethics, practical theology, etc. http://www.religion-online.org/

40 Resources for New Testament Exegesis Professor Roy Ciampa’s links to websites for New Testament exegesis is available at: http://www.viceregency.com/ Resource Pages for Biblical Studies This site offers texts which focus on early Christian writers and their social world. http://torreys.org/bible/ Theopedia This site has links to over 1,600 articles related to ‘Biblical Christianity.’ http://www.theopedia.com/Main_Page Tyndale House The gateway to Biblical Studies for Evangelicals in the UK and abroad. http://www.tyndalehouse.co.uk/Doorway.htm Web Directory of Biblical Studies A portal of sites for all things related to biblical studies. http://www.bible-researcher.com/links.html Yale Divinity School’s Research Guide for Christianity This site offers links sites for the study of theology, including Biblical studies, primary sources, reference tools, online journals, internet sites, etc. http://www.library.yale.edu/div/xtiangde.htm

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Internet Sites and Blogs of Biblical Scholars
Scholars are increasingly making their own personal research available on the web. The sites listed below are a sampling of links to internet sites and blogs connected to a few noted scholars. Richard Bauckham http://richardbauckham.co.uk/ Craig L. Blomberg http://blog.bible.org/primetimejesus/blogs/craig-blomberg Darrell L. Bock http://blogs.bible.org/bock Donald A. Carson http://www.thegospelcoalition.org/resources/author-index/a/da_carson#Bibliography Roy E. Ciampa http://www.viceregency.com/ Craig A. Evans http://www.craigaevans.com/ Craig S. Keener http://newtestamentperspectives.blogspot.com/2008/06/craig-keeners-new-website.html Douglas J. Moo http://www.djmoo.com/biblicalstudies.html New Testament Perspectives Blog (Matthew D. Montonini) http://newtestamentperspectives.blogspot.com/ Paul and Scripture Seminar http://paulandscripture.blogspot.com/ Daniel B. Wallace http://blog.bible.org/primetimejesus/blogs/dan-wallace Ben Witherington, III http://www.benwitherington.com/ N. T. Wright http://www.ntwrightpage.com

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42

Web-Based Journals and Articles
Two sites to search for articles (whether online or not): Google Sally Jo Shelton has used the ‘Google Custom Search Engine’ to create a search for theological journals at: http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=018443097211386924752%3Aluwi5uy2qbe Danny Zacharias has used the same technology to provide a search for Biblical Studies journals at: http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014480939289609955415%3A7f8e_mv4pou IngentaConnect IngentaConnect collects information online about millions of articles in numerous disciplines. Researchers must pay for actual articles, but the site allows one to compile bibliographies for research through searching the database. http://www.ingentaconnect.com The following site is helpful in identifying open access journals online: The International Baptist Theological Seminary, Prague, Czech Republic http://www.ibts.eu/library/oa-journals

The following sites are online journals of interest. ARACHNION: A Journal of Ancient Literature and History on the Web Electronic Journal. This site contains various European languages, full text articles on classical literature and ancient history. http://www.cisi.unito.it/arachne/arachne.html ASOR The American Schools of Oriental Research website offers abstracts and access to back issues of several journals: the Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, the Journal of Cuneiform Studies, and Near Eastern Archaeology. http://www.asor.org/pubs/nea/index.html Biblical Archaeology Review Articles and pictures on Biblical archaeology, along with discussions of ‘hot topics’, can be accessed here. This site is searchable and also contains information on publications and resources. http://www.bib-arch.org/

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43 Biblical Studies on the Web site This site hosts BSW (Biblical Studies on the Web), an online journal for Biblical Theology (volume 1, 1998). It also hosts an on-line partial edition of Biblica, a journal of the Pontifical Biblical Institute of Rome, and an on-line partial edition of Filología Neotestamentaria, with articles on Greek philology, lexicography, grammar, semantics, semiotics, and NT textual criticism. http://www.bsw.org/ Christian Century The table of contents and some articles of this American Christian magazine can be accessed at: http://www.christiancentury.org/ Christianity The United Kingdom Evangelical magazine can be accessed at: http://www.christianitymagazine.co.uk/ Christianity Today The USA Evangelical magazine’s articles can be accessed at: http://www.christianitytoday.com/ Denver Journal Free access to Denver Seminary’s journal is available at: http://www.denverseminary.edu/resources/the-denver-journal/index.php/ Directory of Open Access Journals Journals in philosophy and religion freely available on the internet can be accessed through this site. http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=subject&cpid=14 Journal for Christian Theological Research Articles since 1996 can be accessed at: http://www.luthersem.edu/ctrf/jctr/default.htm Journal for Late Antique Religion and culture Articles and abstracts since 2007 can be accessed at: http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/clarc/jlarc/jlarc-home.html Journal of Biblical Studies Articles up to a few years back can be accessed and searched at: http://journalofbiblicalstudies.org/ Journal of Hebrew Scriptures Articles since 1996 can be searched at: http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/JHS/

44 Journal of Latin American Hermeneutics: Hermeneutics and Bible Interpretation Articles can be accessed at: http://www.isedet.edu.ar/jolah/journal.htm JSIJ—Jewish Studies, an Internet Journal Articles since 2002 can be searched at: http://www.biu.ac.il/JS/JSIJ/ Religion Compass Works since 2007 can be purchased at: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117982875/home Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations Articles since 2005 can be accessed at: http://escholarship.bc.edu/scjr/ Themelios The academic, student-focussed journal of the Universities and Christian Colleges Fellowship, years 1975-2007, can be accessed at: http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/articles_themelios.php Transformation Journal This journal of the Oxford Centre for Mission Studies includes international contributions on topics relevant for the mission of the Church (not only ‘missiology’ per se). It is relevant and intentionally includes articles by those from or working in non-Western contexts. Articles on Biblical, theological, and historical interpretation are included alongside contextual, mission studies. The journal can be read online by signing up at the OCMS website. http://www.ocms.ac.uk Wabash Center The Wabash Center offers religion courses (and syllabi), articles, and other teaching and learning resources on numerous topics. Included is an internet guide to religion. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/a.htm

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Journals for Biblical Studies (not necessarily online)
All journals have their own web pages that can often be explored for listings of the table of contents or even access to some past issues. Here is a list of major Biblical Studies journals. A more complete list of relevant journals can be seen at the following website, which lists journals abstracted for New Testament studies (New Testament Abstracts): http://www.atla.com/products/titles/titles_nta_a-g.html. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Biblica: A scholarly journal for Biblical Studies published by the Jesuits of the Pontifical Biblical Institute. Biblical Theology Bulletin: Scholarly. Biblical Archaeology Review: A major journal for Biblical archaeological studies. Biblical Interpretation: A new journal which explores contemporary approaches to Biblical interpretation. (Cf. Semeia) Bibliotheca Sacra: The journal of Dallas Theological Seminary (Dispensationalist). Biblische Zeitschrift: A semi-annual, Catholic publication on both testaments in German, English and French. Bulletin for Biblical Research Catholic Biblical Quarterly: A Significant scholarly journal for Biblical Studies, not just for Catholic scholars. Estudios biblicos: A significant biblical journal in Spanish. Evangelical Quarterly: A British evangelical journal for Biblical studies and theology. Harvard Quarterly Review: The publication of Harvard Divinity School. Interpretation: A journal with articles focused on a theme in each issue. A good journal for pastors and scholars. Journal for the Study of the New Testament: A scholarly journal for NT studies. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament: A scholarly journal for OT studies. Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha: A scholarly journal for Judaica studies. Journal of Biblical Literature: A significant scholarly journal for Biblical Studies; the journal of the Society for Biblical Studies.

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46 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Journal of Jewish Studies Journal of Near Eastern Studies: Scholarly. Journal of Semitic Studies: Scholarly. Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society Jewish Quarterly Review New Testament Abstracts: Major abstracting journal for NT studies. Old Testament Abstracts: Major abstracting journal for OT studies. New Testament Studies: An important international scholarly journal of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas, with articles on Biblical Studies and related fields in English, French and German. Novum Testamentum: An international scholarly journal published by E. J. Brill, with articles in English, French and German. Palestine Exploration Quarterly Revue biblique: Important scholarly French journal on both testaments, with occasional articles in English. Revue de Qumran: A scholarly journal devoted to studies on the Dead Sea Scrolls and related topics. Rivista biblica: An Italian journal with articles on both testaments. Themelios: A journal published by IFES. Semeia: A journal publishing volumes focused on specific topics and following new hermeneutical approaches. Tyndale Bulletin: The journal for the Tyndale Fellowship (British Evangelical). Vetus Testamentum: A scholarly publication of the International Organization of Old Testament Scholars on OT and Judaism, with articles in English, French and German. Westminster Theological Journal: The publication of Westminster Theological Seminary.

47 • Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft: An important, scholarly, German Protestant journal for OT Studies and related areas, with articles in German, English and occasionally French. Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde des Urchristentums: Important, scholarly, German Protestant publication, with articles in German and occasionally in English.

•

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Web-Based Books
Amazon Amazon allows searches on many books. While only several pages can be read at a time, if one searches on a common word, access to more pages will be possible. At this site, one can also purchase electronic books to be read on the “Kindle’ hardware for lower costs than hard-copy books (see ‘Electronics—Kindle’ at the site). http://www.amazon.com
Ebrary This site is a searchable collection of thousands of e-books that is increasingly including theological works. A small subscription fee is required. http://shop.ebrary.com

Google Books Numerous books are available for reading at this site. Unlike the Amazon site, Google Books allows readers to read much (not all) of a book. http://books.google.com Intut A United Kingdom site that offers resources to religious traditions, texts, practices, and societies. Of particular note are the resources for Judaism and Patristics. This is a significant access point to resources on the web. http://www.intute.ac.uk/artsandhumanities/religion/

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49

Web-Based Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias
Bartleby This site is devoted to providing free access to literature, reference, and verse on the web. One can search the Columbia Encyclopaedia, World History Encyclopaedia, and Cambridge History, among other titles. http://www.bartleby.com Catholic Encyclopedia http://www.newadvent.org/cathen De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopaedia of Roman Rulers and Their Families This site offers a growing number of articles, an index of the emperors from Augustus (27 BC) to Constantine XI Palaeologus (1453), maps, and battles. http://www.roman-emperors.org/ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities by William Smith This 1870 dictionary for classical studies is available on-line (and is searchable) at the following site: http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moa;idno=ACL4256 The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy http://www.iep.utm.edu/ iTools Search encyclopedias from this site. http://www.itools.com/research/ Jewish Encyclopedia This encyclopedia’s articles can be searched online at: http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/ New Advent This site offers a searchable version of the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologica, and more. http://www.newadvent.org Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy http://plato.stanford.edu

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50

Wikipedia This well-known and very helpful online encyclopedia is a growing resource. It is not a peer reviewed encyclopedia, if by that is meant that the established process of scholars reviewing articles submitted for publication has been followed. But it has an online review process as an ‘open content, community-built encyclopedia.’ One must simply use Wikipedia with great caution, never as a solitary resource for something, and be reticent to use it as a reference in academic research. As a site to orient the researcher, it can be very helpful. http://www.wikipedia.org/

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Other Research Sites
About.com Ancient/Classical History This website offers a variety of useful information pertaining to ancient history. http://ancienthistory.about.com/ Academic Skills Resources, University of Wales Resources on this page are for students studying in a British context—at the University of Wales. Still, the resources are helpful for study in other contexts. They include various guides under the headings of essay and assignment writing [read: guidelines for writing papers], elements of style, exam skills, reading and note-taking, post-graduate writing [read: writing for graduate programs], referencing and plagiarism, getting organized, and oral presentations. http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/olib.html Ancient World Mapping Center The AWMC offers, in conjunction with the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, several ancient maps that can be downloaded for free. http://www.unc.edu/awmc/mapsforstudents.html Artstor This site offers nearly 1 million images of ‘art, architecture, the humanities and social sciences.’ It can be searched electronically, and it provides tools to ‘view, present, and manage the images for research and pedagogical purposes.’ (It is necessary to become a participant—someone affiliated with a non-profit institution.) http://www.artstor.org/index.shtml Bruce Clay, Inc. This site explains the relationships between search engines, which helps one to understand the differences and breadth of each search engine in order that thorough web searches can be conducted. http://www.bruceclay.com/searchenginerelationshipchart.htm Google Earth This site allows one to download a program that then allows one to fly to a place in the world and zoom in on satellite imagery, maps, terrain, and even 3D buildings. http://earth.google.com/ iTools Already noted, various searches can be conducted from this site, such as encyclopedias, newspapers, magazines, biographies, special topics. The larger site also connects one to other than ‘research’ tools (e.g., maps, finance, search, internet tools). http://www.itools.com/research/

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52 Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin From this site, one can learn about the relationships between languages and cultures and linguistics, publications, and texts of Indo-European languages. http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/iedocctr/ie-lg/ Oxford Dictionaries Online Search words in the Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English. http://www.askoxford.com/dictionaries/?view=uk Sacred Music in Antiquity At this site, one can find historical summaries and audio files of ancient music. http://www.rakkav.com/biblemusic/pages/sacred.htm (cf. http://128.97.6.202/urkeshpublic/music.htm#interpretation) Translation Websites On these sites, one can cut and paste text from one of many languages and have it translated. Google Translate http://translate.google.com/translate_t# Yahoo Babel Fish http://babelfish.yahoo.com/ SDL Free Translation http://www.freetranslation.com/ Webster’s Online Dictionary http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/

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Museums
Ancient Greece [Already noted.] http://www.ancient-greece.org Ancient Historical Society Virtual Museum, Boston Ancient history can be researched on this site, including religion and languages. References to other websites are also given. http://www.ancienthistoricalsociety.org/ British Museum The British Museum website has information on its holdings and other UK museums. http://www.britishmuseum.org Classical Art Research Centre This site is devoted to the collection and reception of ancient Greek and Roman art, pottery, gems, sculpture, etc. It offers slideshows. http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/antiquaria/ The David M. Robinson Collection at the University Museums of the University of Mississippi Greek, Roman, and Egyptian artifacts, coins, inscriptions, sculpture, vases, and bronzes can be viewed on-line at this site. http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/classics/museums.html The Egyptian Museum, Turin, Italy [Already noted.] http://www.museoegizio.org/pages/hp_en.jsp International Council of Museums See the links to museums around the world (listed by country) at: http://icom.museum/vlmp/world.html Israel Museum, Jerusalem [Already noted.] http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/HTMLs/Home.aspx From the following, explore time periods and costumes, water systems, food, people, sightseeing, sites of the Second Temple, etc.: http://jeru.huji.ac.il/ej24.htm

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54 Michael C. Carlos Museum, Emory University [Already noted.] http://www.carlos.emory.edu/ Musei in Comune Basic information on Italian museums is given at this site in English. Among those listed are museums of importance for the study of antiquity: Musei Capitolini (offers a collection of busts of Roman emperors and philosophers and other statues, frescoes portraying Rome’s history, bronzes, and other exhibits) Centrale Montemartini (classical sculpture, development of the city Mercati di Trajano (ancient architecture) Museo Barracco (antique sculpture and art from Assyria, Egypt, Cyprus, Phoenicia, Etruria, Greece and Rome) Museo della Cività Romana (exhibits give an historical overview of Rome from the beginning to the 6th century A.D. Museo delle Mura (presents the history of Porta San Sebastiano fortifications) Villa di Massenzio (an archeological site with the only Roman circus with all architectural elements still in place; also a mausoleum, a country villa, etc.) http://en.museiincomuneroma.it/didattica/didattica_per_tutti Museums (WWW Virtual Library) An extensive and helpful listing of museums and related organizations on the Internet. http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/archive/other/museums.html Odysseus, the WWW Server for the Hellenic Ministry of Culture The site offers numerous links having to do with museums, archaeology, and monuments in Greece. Maps and current literature are also covered. The site can be searched. [Already noted.] http://www.unc.edu/awmc/web-odysseus.html Oriental Museum of the University of Chicago [Already noted.] http://oi.uchicago.edu/museum/virtual/eg/a.html Penn Museum The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology offers galleries on the Etruscans, Romans, and Greeks. The museum also houses galleries on Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Bible lands, and the Mediterranean world, among others. http://www.museum.upenn.edu/ Rosicrucium Egyptian Museum, San Jose, California A virtual tour of the museum can be taken by clicking on ‘Discover Egypt’. Also available are a map of Egypt and a tomb tour. http://www.egyptianmuseum.org/

55 University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology See: http://www.penn.museum/ Virtual Library Museums Pages From here, one can search for museums around the world by conducting a search or by searching within countries for on-line museums. http://icom.museum/vlmp/

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Searching Libraries Online
Libraries around the world can be searched online for their holdings. One can create book bibliographies for further research at a local library in this way, although one needs to be aware that the most recent titles may very well not have been catalogued.
ATLA—the American Theological Libraries Association ATLA has collected a listing of helpful library catalogues of theological institutions worldwide. http://www.atla.com/tsig/catalogs/onlineindex.html

BILDI This site provides the University of Innsbruck’s searchable documentation for Biblical literature. http://www.uibk.ac.at/bildi/ British Library Items catalogued in the British Library can be searched electronically at the following site. This can be helpful when compiling bibliographies for research. http://www.bl.uk/
COPAC This site offers an online catalogue for the British Isles. http://copac.ac.uk Index Theologicus This site offers an online research catalogue that has a European focus, overlapping about 1/3 with the American Theological Libraries Association listings. http://www.ixtheo.de

Jewish National Library Online Catalog http://jnul.huji.ac.il/eng/
Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog At this site, works can be searched by title, author, institution, date, keyword, ISBN number, and publisher in German speaking countries in Europe, as well as in national libraries worldwide. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/kvk/kvk/kvk_en.html Library of Congress Online Catalog, United States of America A copy of every book printed in the United States is kept at the Library of Congress. The library can be searched by author, title, subject, and key word at this site. http://catalog.loc.gov

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National Libraries Worldwide The University of Queensland offers this site to locate national libraries worldwide. They can then be searched for titles, authors, key words, etc. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/natlibs OLIS—Oxford Libraries Information Services From this site, one can build a bibliography using the Oxford Libraries. Oxford is one of two British libraries that receive a copy of every book published in the United Kingdom. One can search by key word or browse by author, title, or subject. http://library.ox.ac.uk

Pitts Theological Library Digital Image Archive This site contains art images illustrating biblical history. http://www.pitts.emory.edu/dia/searchform.cfm
WorldCat This site catalogues works from about 10,000 libraries around the world. www.worldcat.org