Intro to Computer IT
Content
Definition: Electronic information processing device (includes storage & retrieval)
Does not create information
Cannot think (unlike a human brain)
Future: Network Future: Network - Shar Sharing ing inform information ation (Inter (Internet net & Intranet)
HARDWARE (All Physical parts)
SOFTWARE (All information or data)
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The brain: capacity, speed, store
Named based on model: 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium 4, Centrino etc.
Clock Speed: MHz or GHz
Math Co-Processor
Cache Memory 256/512 KB
Peripheral Devices:
Input Inp ut Devic Devices es - Key Keyboa board, rd, Mous Mouse e
Output Outp ut Devic Devices es - Scre Screen, en, Prin Printer ter
Memory:
RAM - Act Active ive,, tempor temporary ary
ROM - Pas Passiv sive, e, Perma Permanen nent. t.
Auxiliary storage devices: Floppy, Hard Disk, CD/DVD ROM, Flash Disk etc.
Scanner, Modem, Memory Cards, Video adapter, Projector (InFocus), etc
Prog Pr ogra ram ms - Da Data ta
Program: a set of instructions to computer
Data: information created by user
Games, MS Office
Letter typed in by user
Both are stored separately on the hard disk.
Applications
Windows Vista
Linux
Operating Systems
Mac OS X Leopard
Solaris
Manager to a computer (interface)
Text Based e.g. DOS (Disk Operating System)
Graphic User Interface (GUI) e.g. Windows, Mac OS
Word Processor: MS Word
Spread Sheet: MS Excel, Lotus 123
Database: MS Access, Dbase,
Graphics & Design: MS Paint, Adobe Creative Suite
Web Browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox
Entertainment: Games, Video, Music
Informational: Educational software
Customized Customize d Programs Programs - Airlin Airlines, es, Manu Manufactu facturing, ring, Hotels, etc.
Communication between computers.
Share information, ideas, resources
Hardware technology: Optical fiber, Ethernet, Wireless LAN (radio waves)
Internet: global communication
Information, entertainment, utility
No geographical, political, regional or other limitations
The process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants
Knowledge
Tools
Crafts
Sources: National Research Council Council (2002), National Academies Academies of Engineering
The broad subject concerned with all aspects of managing and processing information
Anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies
Sources: Dong, J. Network Dictionary. Javvin Technologies Inc.
“The study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hard ha rdwa ware re.“ .“ – In Info form rmat atio ion n Te Tech chno nolo logy gy Associaton of America (ITAA)
Reduce cost
Increase efficiency
Add knowledge by sharing and exchanging information
Retain knowledge and information
Engineering: manufacturing
Military: training simulators
Security: biometrics
Transportation: chip cards for busses
Education: e-learning, disability learning
Medicine: decision support system for patient care, e-prescribing
Etc… Etc … It’ It’s s basic basicall allyy every everywhe where re
Internet: a global network connection millions of computer
World Wide Web: the universe of networkaccessible information, the embodiment of human knowledge
Internet vs WWW: The Web is just one of the ways that information can be disseminated over the Internet
Browsers:
Internet Explorer
Mozilla Firefox
Opera
Safari (Mac OS X)
Search engines: Yahoo
MSN
Altavista
Search query
Search web pages
Search images, books etc
