Managing Complications

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MANAGING COMPLICATIONS
OF
IV THERAPY

Aran Neil Gallur, RN, USRN

Risks Associated with IVT

Risks
1.
Needlestick inju
ry
2. Infectious
organism
exposure

Infectious Organism Exposure
Prevention:
Do proper hand hygiene.
Do not reuse tourniquets.
Wear gloves.
Cleanse insertion sites with the
recommended solutions.

• The following list is a summary of some of the rules

to be observed in the workplace:

– HEPATITIS B vaccine
– STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
– SHARPS AND WASTE DISPOSAL
– PROTECTIVE

DEVICE/EQUIPMENT
– GLOVES
– LAUNDRY
– COMMUNICATING HAZARDS

COMPLICATIONS
ASSOCIATED WITH IVT

 Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis
 Infiltration
 Catheter Dislodgement
 Severed Catheter
 Hematoma
 Venous Spasm
 Nerve, tendon, ligament damage
 Circulatory Overload
 Systemic Infection
 Air Embolism
 Allergic Reaction
 Occlusion
 Thrombosis
 Extravasations

PROCEDURAL
PROBLEMS
ASSOCIATED WITH
IV THERAPY

Fluctuating flow rate
Runaway IV
Sluggish IV
Tubing / loose connection/

disconnection
Blood back up in tubing

IV line obstruction/kinking

of IV tubing
Clogged filter
Break in aseptic technique
Leaks; due to
inappropriate device

TROUBLESHOOTING
PROMPTLY AND
EFFECTIVELY

WHAT TO DO WHEN INFUSION
SLOWS DOWN OR STOPS
1.Assess the I.V. system to locate

the problem. Start at the insertion
site. Check for infiltration,
extravasations, or phlebitis.
2.Check for patency. Obstruction of
flow is caused or affected by the
following factors:

3. Check the clamps. Some sets

have two:
the roller clamp and the side clamp.
Check if both are open or if these are
properly adjusted.
4. Check the patency of the air vent;
reposition it if needed.

5. Check fluid level: if empty replace

as prescribed. If solution is too cold, it
may cause venous spasm and
decrease the flow; keep room
temperature regulated. Check the
spike of the set; push it more inside
the fluid bag or adjust it.

6. Check filters: ordinary sets usually

do not have in-line filters. If it has,
follow the manufacturer’s guide
instructions. Blood transfusion filters
retain blood product debris. If flow
rate decreases or stops after more
than one unit has been transfused
you may have to change the set.

 7. Check tubings: if patient is lying on

it or if it is kinked or it may be crimped
with too tight roller clamps, release
and round-up the tubing to its original
shape
 8. Is gauge of the needle too small? Is
fluid container too low above the
venipuncture site? Adjust it around
36-48 inches above the site.

Thank you for listening!

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