Nsg Research Final
Content
1
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
BSBA STUDENTS IN ALL LEVELS AT TOMAS DEL ROSARIO COLLEGE
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Apolinario, Carren
Galvez, Charlotte Benand
Vianzon, Reynaldo Jr., M
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, we, the researchers would like to bring back all the glory to
the ever loving God Almighty for the provision, wisdom, strength and guidance we
needed to make this study successful. There’s nothing too difficult for Him to do as we
put our trust on Him.
We extend our sincerest gratitude to Mrs. Teresa Dela Torre, our thesis adviser,
for her tireless commitment to us. She not only encouraged us with words but her
dedication and commitment in helping us complete this thesis in a timely and efficient
manner. The project provided us with an opportunity to understand the fundamentals of
research methods in a better manner and apply them in everyday life. The insistence on
taking up a socially relevant topic like the use of social networking sites helped us to
understand the psychology and education of the people using these sites better and
correlate the research to human behavioral and mental aspects.
We also would like to thank our respondents for giving us their valuable time and
providing us with the information needed to carry out the research successfully.
We also would like to thank our classmates and friends for being willing to serve
on our commission and extending their advice for improvement.
Finally, we would like to thank our families for their constant support, guidance
and motivation, who helped us immensely in completing this project and for instilling in
us a strong work ethic and belief that we can accomplish anything we put our minds to.
THE RESEARCHERS
3
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
BSBA STUDENTS IN ALL LEVELS AT TOMAS DEL ROSARIO COLLEGE
Title Page
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I
The Problem and Its Setting
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….1
Background of the Study……………………………………….………………………..4
Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………………………..5
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………….6
Hypothesis………………………………………………………………………………..6
Scope and Delimitation of the Study…………………..……………………………….7
Importance/Significance of the Study…………………..………………………...........8
Definition of Terms……………………………………………..…………………...........9
CHAPTER II
Review of Related literature
Related readings………………………………………………...…………………….10
Related literatures…………………………………………………………………......12
Related studies………………………………………………………………………...14
Review of Foreign Studies……………………………………………………………15
Review of Local literature.................................................................................. ..17
Justification of the Study………………………………………………………………19
CHAPTER III
Methodology
Research design……………………………………………………………………….20
Population and sampling……………………………………………………………...20
Research instrument…………………………………………………………………..21
Validity and Reliability of the instrument…………………………………………….21
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………………22
Statistical Treatment of Data………………………………………………………….23
CHAPTER I
4
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS
Introduction
The rapid development of technology that has been observed over the last years
is pinpointing of its entry into mainstream culture and its integration into the daily lives of
many people. Corresponding with this, there has also been substantial media coverage
of the growth of social networking, its potential positive outcomes and concerns about
the way that some people are engaging with it.
Technology offers people new and varied ways to communicate via internet,
whether through their PC or their mobile phone. They allow people to easily and simply
create their own online page or profile and to construct and display an online network of
contacts, often called ‘friends’. Users of these sites can communicate via their profile
both with their ‘friends’ and with people outside their list of contacts. This can be on a
one-to one basis (much like an email), or in a more public way such as a comment
posted for all to see.
Due to the continuous change in cultural and social aspect and with the
accordance of technological revolution, the social networking’s essence in the face of
the Internet and Web is still in question.
For the purpose of this research paper we have purposely focused on the
perceived effects of technology on the study habits of the BSBA students of Tomas Del
Rosario College.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
5
Technology is one of the latest phenomenons that make the whole wide world
cling to it. It has brought about changes in terms of communication. It also creates
positive and negative impact in the lifestyle of billions of people most particularly to the
younger generation. Technology helps develop both intrapersonal and interpersonal
aspect of an individual. It unlocks the curiosity of an individual on what is life and what is
it all about.
It may aid people in their academic life just like how it supports a firm and a
country in its economical, political, societal and spiritual aspects. On the other hand, it
still inculcates negative effects that have been wide-spreading throughout the world.
Considering the awaiting destruction in the diverse facets of life of an individual, in his
community and even his country.
This study will be conducted Tomas Del Rosario College Department where we
selected students from all levels of BSBA to pre-determine the perceive effects of the
impact of technology on the academic performance of students.
Theoretical Framework
This study further concerned on cognitive ability of the students and their
performance in the actual classroom interaction.
Social learning theory proposed by Albert Bandura has become perhaps the most
influential theory of learning and developmen t. In Albert Bandura’s Social Learning
Theory added an element arguing that people can learn new information and behaviors
by watching other people. Known as observational learning (or modeling), this type of
learning can be used to explain a wide variety of behaviors.
It is because people are very perceptual, we love doing the most popular thing or being
“in”. Through observation, we see and feel that having a social networking site account
could probably makes us feel fit in and those who do the same thing accept us. Let’s
say computers and social networking sites together fits the definition of a symbolic
model, which involves real or fictional characters displaying behaviors in books, films,
television programs, or online media. Most people's hobbies are intrinsically motivated.
Notice the passion with which people collect books. Few people carry that amount of
passion into their workplace. Intrinsic motivation is when a person is motivated by
6
internal factors, as opposed to the external drivers of extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic
motivation drives a person to do things just for the fun of it, or because I believe it is a
good or right thing to do.
Social evaluation theory suggests that we form our own attitudes and behaviors
by comparing ourselves with other people and their opinions. Mostly we compare
ourselves against people whom we believe we're reasonably similar to.
For example, a popular social networking site nowadays- Facebook capitalizes on
people's drive for social comparison by offering an excess of applications like the visual
bookshelf that lets you see what books your peers are reading and the 'Compare me'
application that allows you to find out where you stand relative to your friends for
various categories like cutest, sexiest and smartest. This is very similar to the surveys
often found in women's magazines - 'How emotionally intelligent are you? Take our quiz
to find out!' It's compelling to benchmark ourselves against others to see where we fit in.
Social learning is the key to creating higher-order thinking and with continual
enhancement of technology learning is inevitable.
Figure 1 presents the paradigm of the study. Perception of BSBA students at Tomas Del
Rosario College on their academic performance in relation to the impact of technology.
Variable while the Students Study habits is the Dependent Variable. Spending more
time using social networking site rather than studying.
Research Paradigm
Profile
Perception of Tomas Del
Age
Rosario College stuedents on
Gender
Their Academic Performance In
Course
Relation To Technology
Year Level
No. of Hours watching Korean
Figure 1 Relationship to the Variables
tele series
(Independent Variable)
(Dependent Variable)
7
Figure 1 presents the paradigm of the study. Technology is the Independent
Variable while the Students Study Habits is the Dependent Variable. Spending more
time using social networking site rather than studying.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM;
The primary aim of this study is to determine the effect of modern technology to the
academic performance of BSBA student in all year level in Tomas Del Rosario College
A.Y 2015-2016.
SUB PROBLEM:
Specifically answers the following question:
1. The effect of modern technology use by the BSBA student on their academics
performance in terms of:
1:1 Cognition
2:2 Psychomotor
3:3 Attitude
4:4 Psychosocial
2. The technology that the BSBA student most preferred to enhance the academic
performance?
3.
What is the
main
differences between
cognition, psychomotor, Attitude,
Psychosocial?
4. Is there any significant in using modern technology in the academic performance of
student in BSBA.
8
Scope and Delimitation
The scope and delimitation of the study includes the setting, the time frame, and
the number of the respondents.
Tomas Del Rosario College was the setting in which the study was conducted.
The time frame for the research was thirty to forty-five minutes (30-45 mins.) for two
days (2) in one month (1).
The Respondents or Subjects for the study were selected from TOMAS DEL
ROSARIO COLLEGE. In total, 133 students were surveyed, 100 questionnaires were
distributed and collected from the first year to fourth year level.
The total population of this study is 133 students (33) seniors (42) junior (21)
sophomores ( 37) freshmen.
The main focus of the study is to know the effects of technology in relation to the
academic performance.
In assessing the students, the data were obtained through a questionnaire and
survey.
Significance of the Study
9
The result of this study is beneficial to the following:
To the Students of BSBA at Tomas Del Rosario College
This study gives information to the students on how they can able to use
technology in proper manner and to be aware on the how technology can affect their
academic performance.
To the Faculty of the Teachers.
This study gives information to the teachers on the advantages and
disadvantages of technology. How this new technology affects our youth nowadays.
To the Community.
This study makes the community be aware on the effects of technology to its
constituents. To give information how a community could limit the use of technology and
create ways to make it useful to the whole community.
To the Future Researchers.
The researchers can have a comparative analysis and basis for future study
regarding the effects of technology on the academic performance of the students.
To the Parents.
Parents must know about technology and how this can affect their children. And
for them to be able to guide and mentor their children in the academic and social facets.
To the User.
This study would help the user of technology to limit their usage and to improve
their study habits and academic performance.
METHODOLOGY
10
This chapter deals on the research method and procedure use in this study. It
includes the research design, population and sampling, research instrument validity and
reliability of the instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment.
Research Design
The researchers used the survey technique which is under descriptive research
design. Survey technique, requires gathering of facts that requires sufficient and
accurate interpretation. This technique is used to collect demographic data about
respondent’s behavior, beliefs, opinions, interests and the like and then the gathered
data are analyzed, organized, and interpreted.
The total population of this study is 133 students (33) seniors (42) junior (21)
sophomores ( 37) freshmen.
The Subject
BSBA Department
Year level I
Year level II
Year level III
Year level IV
TOTAL
Size
33
42
21
37
133
The Research Environment
Tomas del Rosario College is a private college int eh Philippines. From 1950 to the first
half of 1954, the school started renting an old building situated at Zuleta street, on the
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lot now occupied by the RECAR building. The school offers both primary and secondary
levels and began offering tertiary level in 1980. It was foermly known as Tomas Del
Rosario Academy, before becoming a collge in 1994.
Tomas del Rosario College is the only PACU-COA level II accredited private school in
Bataan. It currently offers courses in the fields of nursing, accounting, management,
marketing, baking, education, and computer science.
At present, Tomas del Rosario College offers elementary, secondary, and tertiary
education. It has seven courses name, BS in Nursing, BS in Accountancy, BS in
Business Administration, BS in Computer Science, BS in HRM, Bachelor of Elementary
Education and Bachelor of Secondary Education.
Population and Sampling
Subjects for the study were selected from different courses at Tomas Del Rosario
College. In total, 100 students were surveyed. Participation from each student was
voluntary, without extra credit incentive or other rewards.
Research Instrument
The researchers used non-structured questionnaires in collecting the data in
determining the effect of modern technology on BSBA students at Tomas del Rosario
College, academic year 2015-2016. The questionnaire as designed by the researchers
had included items culled from observations and interviews.
The questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first half was intended to determine
the students perception of how modern technology affects them in their cognitive,
psychomotor, psychosocial and in their attitude and behavior. The second portion was
to determine their preferred modality used to enhance their academic performance.
Validity and Reliability of the Instrument
12
The initial draft of the questionnaire was submitted to the researchers advisor for
corrections and suggestions. Several changes were made over the course of time to
refine the questionnaire. Some items in the proposed draft were found irrelevant and
therefore omitted. The revised questionnaire was validated by the respondents, the
students of the BSBA department of Tomas del Rosario College.
For reliability, the researchers used the test-retest method. The questionnaire was
administered twice to the respondents. The coefficient correlation between the first and
second administration of the questionnaire was computed with the use of the Spearman
rank coefficient of correlation or Spearman rho. The formula is as follows:
rs = 1 - 6ΣD2
N3 – N
Where:
rs
= Spearman rho
ΣD2
= Sum of squared difference between ranks
N = Number of cases
If the obtained correlation is high, it means that the questionnaire is reliable.
Data Gathering Procedure
Once the research instrument was found to be valid and reliable, the researchers
secured written permission from the Tomas del Rosario College Administration to have
permission to conduct the study at school. After the approval of the permit, the
researchers administered the questionnaires. The questionnaires were administered to
the college students of BSBA during August 2015. The retrieval of questionnaires be on
less than 70%.
Data Processing Method
13
After the retrieval of the questionnaires, the researchers tabulated the findings and
analyzed the data. The data gathering was systemized. The researchers had made an
assessment with regards to the effect of modern technology to enhance academic
performance by the BSBA students of Tomas del Rosario College, academic year 20152016. The responses were analyzed with the subjects considered whole, only
differentiating them by their year level.
Statistical Treatment
To analyze, organize and interpret data in the study, the researchers used statistical
tools for treatment of data like percentage, chi-square and contingency coefficient, “The
Effect Modern Technology has on the Academic Performance of BSBA students at
Tomas del Rosario College”.
These helped the researchers gather and compare data. The following are the tolls
used in the study.
1. Percentage – identified number of respondents
P = f/n x 100
Where:
P =precentage
f = frequency of responses
n = total number of respondents
2. Chi-Square Test- often used to determine whether there is a goodness of fit. It is
alsoused to test the association of categorical data and to test the hypothesis of
independence of two
3. Contingency Coefficient-
Results and Discussion
14
This chapter presents, analyzes and interprets the data gathered to determine the effect
modern technology has on the academic performance of BSBA students at Tomas del
Rosario College, academic year 2015-2016.
STUDENTS PROFILE
TABLE 1
THE EFFECT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN
TERMS OF COGNITIVE
Analysis:
Interpretation:
15
CHAPTER II
16
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents different studies made by the other researchers including
articles and other reading materials. These may be similar or closely related with this
study. Furthermore the literature contributed additional information, ideas and data.
Related Readings
(Manila Bulletin.)The Department of Education (DepEd) is now prohibiting all
students of public and private elementary and secondary schools from going to
computer shops, malls, theaters, and other similar establishments during class hours.
Going to these establishments has adverse effects on students. “We are aware
of the prevailing situation that there are students in the elementary and secondary levels
from public and private schools who go to computer shops, malls, theaters, and the
likes during their class hours while in their school uniforms,” she said. Thus, the
Department issued DepEd Order No. 86, s. 2010 on June 18 which directed all school
officials and employees concerned to institute and implement the necessary mechanism
on the school discipline applicable under the situation. “They should monitor closely
those students who are absent or cut class often,” said Valisno.
(Philippine Daily Inquirer.) It has been reported that Filipinos rank 8 th overall in
the world when it comes to Facebook subscribers at over 16 million.Job de Leon is a
20-year-old junior at the Ateneo de Manila University and is a familiar face as he was
the courtside reporter for Adamson University during previous UAAP seasons. He
estimates that he spends about four hours daily on Facebook, a conservative number
considering how many others his age seem to be on Facebook 24/7, thanks to the latest
phone models that make computer connectivity possible.De Leon says. “Because
everyone is concentrated in one corner of the Internet, Facebook is where you go if you
want something heard, or conversely, if you hear about something.”
Beyond that, Facebook can also help give structure to a person’s life, something
that can be helpful to a young person. “In a way, it ‘organizes’ your life,” De Leon
explains. “It tells you which issues you should be paying attention to and what events
you might want to attend.”
17
(Readers Digest Asia.) If it does seem that standards of grammar and spelling
are slipping, it’s probably because there are vast numbers of people writing now, who, in
a pre-internet age, probably wouldn’t have bothered to write at all. Surely, it’s better that
people are writing and communicating their viewpoint, than not? Think back to the days
when we left home to go to university or work overseas. The most cost-effective means
to communicate was through letters. When we did get round to writing them, these often
arrived weeks after they were written, resulting in long stretches of silence. The issue
then becomes how we manage all this information and not get overburdened. You
guessed it – there are services out there that even help with that. We’ve all been there.
You’re pouring your heart out to someone when they get distracted by their beeping
phone.
Related Literatures
(Awake ,2011.)Social networking site can be addictive “ After just few days of
having an account , I couldn’t stop looking .Students can just spent their hours through
pictures and post instead of studying .It consume your time, privacy , reputation,
friendship and time.
(Boyd, 2006.)In educational institutions, success is measured by study habits, or
how well a student meets standards set out by local government and the institution
itself. As career competition grows ever fiercer in the working world, the importance of
students doing well in school has caught the attention of parents, legislators and
government education departments alike. Therefore, when the term “low” is integrated
with the term “study habits”, it is the inability to acquire particular grades on
examinations that indicates the individuals mastery of the content, and skills in applying
learned knowledge to specific circumstances.
(Wiseman, 1961.)On the point of study habits or excellence, Tuckman (1975)
posited that, performance is used to label the observable manifestation of knowledge,
skills, concepts, and understanding and ideas. Thereby, performance is the application
of a learning product that at the end of the process provides mastery. It is the acquisition
of particular grades on examinations indicates candidates’ ability, mastery of the
content, skills in applying learned knowledge to particular situations. A student’s
18
success is generally judged on examination performance. Success on examinations is a
crucial indicator that a student has benefited from a course of study.
Related Studies
Review of Foreign Studies
(Kirschnera and Karpinskib , 2004) A new study says that students who are on
Facebook while studying or doing homework wind up getting 20 percent lower grades
than students who don't have the social networking site in visual range, or even running
in the background on their computers or mobile phones.
Kirschnera told the Daily Mail that his team studied 219 U.S. university students
between ages 19 and 54, and found that Facebook users had a typical grade point
average of 3.06, while "non-users" had an average GPA of 3.82.
When I was doing A levels, I would get information from a book rather than
Wikipedia. This instant-satisfaction-minimum-effort society has a lot to answer for." The
youth use social networking sites as a means of interaction, socializing, and for purely
entertainment purposes. Although many people don’t think of it, social networking sites
harbor many unsafe elements and many people are concerned about some major
problems that they contain, which includes education and poor study habits.
Here the researchers present facts that social networking sites do gravely affect
the study habits of users. According to Aryn Karpinski’s study of about 219 students,
148 Facebook users had a full grade point lower than those who don ’t have Facebook.
People that didn’t use Facebook reported that they study about 11-15 hours and those
who had a Facebook account only studied 1-5 hours per week. “Our study shows
people who spend more time on Facebook spend less time on their academic aspect
and relationships. Many students have been blaming various social networking sites for
their steady decrease in grade point averages. This emergent phenomenon aroused us
to look into social networking sites and why they affect fellow students’ study habits.
(Fowler and Christakis, 2009) “Our brains haven’t changed, our real world social
networks haven’t changed for the most part,”
19
(Monin, Dweck ,Gross and Jordan 2008) Facebook has a notorious reputation
for helping students procrastinate. But recent Stanford research suggests that social
networking sites are toxic to more than just the academic wellbeing of students.
Stanford professors Benoit Monin, Carol Dweck and James Gross and doctoral student
Alex Jordan found in their December paper that underestimating the unhappiness of
others correlates with loneliness.
Review of Local Literate
(Angat) according to her study it is natural for young Filipinos to fall in love with
Facebook. “They also need to develop good study habits first.” There is also the
possibility of children being exposed to dangerous individuals online. “Children can be
very trusting and vulnerable.”
It can distract students from their studies. There is also no censorship or filtering
on Facebook; it can easily become a venue for gossip, backbiting and cyber-bullying.
(Cruz)More and more Filipinos are going online and forming their social networks
and here are the numbers that show this reality. Filipinos are seventh among all Asians
in terms of internet usage. Internet World Stats says the Philippines has 24 million
internet users, as of June 2009. There are now 12,528,400 Filipinos using Facebook, or
nearly 14 percent of the country’s population. The numbers continue to go up. No
wonder, Facebook is the country’s most popular website, according to Alexa. comScore
reports the Philippines is the most engaged in social networking. Especially, the
students who much engage in internet rather than studying.
(Dr. Garcia)Filipino students in now days tend to be more reliant on gadgets and
search engines even when doing home works. On my research 48% loss of bonding
time on real face to face interaction with family and friends, while 27% loss of privacy
and security, 20% suffered from emotional disturbance are 5 %. Impact of the internet
on education caught both educators and practitioner’s attention. The fusion of study and
internet sites opened the doors for positive and negative results. The effect of social
networking on the students study habits results in different ranges. Many studies show
different findings about the students who use social networking sites.
Justification of the Study
20
The research of Garcia “Social Networking and Its Impact on Filipino Youth”,
stressed that the students in now a days tend to be more reliant on gadgets and search
engine even when doing home works. According to his findings social networking site
has a big impact on our education
The formula for the computation of percentage distribution is
f
x 100
N
where :
% percentage
f frequency
N total number of respondents
%
Weighted Mean - Averaging the quantities by attracting more significance to some of
the numbers than the others. We accomplish this by assigning weighs to the quantities,
where the weight represents measure their relative importance.
x
f
w
n
where :
x the weighted mean
f frequency
n total number of cases
One-way Analysis of Variance- is a method for dividing the variation observed in
experimental data into different parts; each part assignable to a known source, cause or
factor (Ferguson, 1976).
F
MSB
MSW
where :
MSB Mean Square Between
MSW Mean Square Within
A t-test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student's t
distribution, if the null hypothesis is supported. It is most commonly applied when the test
statistic would follow a normal distribution if the value of a scaling term in the test statistic
were known. When the scaling term is unknown and is replaced by an estimate based
on the data, the test statistic (under certain conditions) follows a Student's t distribution.
21
Bibliography
Published Materials
Devera, (2010) “The Facebook Generation” ,Philippine Daily Inquirer, November 13,
2010
Fowler, (2009) “Connected”, Published book at Harvard University
Sasamoto,(2010) ”Voice” Readers Digest Asia, May 2010
Valisno(2010) “Students banned in malls”, Manila Bulletin, June 22, 2010
Dr. Leonardo Garcia Jr., “Social Networking and Its Impact on Filipino Youth”, CPM Dean,
Lyceum of the Philippines University.
Book
Awake, (2011). ”What should I know about social networking site”, The watchtower
society of Pennsylvania.Vol.132, No.14
On Line Sources
Aric Sigman,(2009) ”Online –Social networking site , Good or Bad”, www.
News.discovery.com/tech.(http://news.discovery.com/tech/is-online-social-networking-goodor-bad.html)
Professors Benoit Monin, Carol Dweck and James Gross and Doctoral student Alex
Jordan,(2008), “Stanford Reseach”, www.stanford-reseach .com
Mayeth Angat (2009), Councelor of Ateneo University , “The Facebook Generation” ,
http://www.medindia.net/news/Social-Networking-Distracting-Children-From-Studies
Professor Boyd Goodson, (2006). “The Nature of Social Networking Sites and Low
Academic Performances”, www. Boyd.com
Psychologist Paul A. Kirschnera and Aryn C. Karpinskib of Ohio State University,”
Centre
for
Learning
Sciences
and
Technologies
at
University
of
22
Netherlands”,www.msnbc.msn.com,
(http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39038581/ns/technology_and_science tech_and_gadgets/)
Tony Cruz,(2009), “Filipinos Online” , www.tonyocruz.com.
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
BSBA STUDENTS IN ALL LEVELS AT TOMAS DEL ROSARIO COLLEGE
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Apolinario, Carren
Galvez, Charlotte Benand
Vianzon, Reynaldo Jr., M
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, we, the researchers would like to bring back all the glory to
the ever loving God Almighty for the provision, wisdom, strength and guidance we
needed to make this study successful. There’s nothing too difficult for Him to do as we
put our trust on Him.
We extend our sincerest gratitude to Mrs. Teresa Dela Torre, our thesis adviser,
for her tireless commitment to us. She not only encouraged us with words but her
dedication and commitment in helping us complete this thesis in a timely and efficient
manner. The project provided us with an opportunity to understand the fundamentals of
research methods in a better manner and apply them in everyday life. The insistence on
taking up a socially relevant topic like the use of social networking sites helped us to
understand the psychology and education of the people using these sites better and
correlate the research to human behavioral and mental aspects.
We also would like to thank our respondents for giving us their valuable time and
providing us with the information needed to carry out the research successfully.
We also would like to thank our classmates and friends for being willing to serve
on our commission and extending their advice for improvement.
Finally, we would like to thank our families for their constant support, guidance
and motivation, who helped us immensely in completing this project and for instilling in
us a strong work ethic and belief that we can accomplish anything we put our minds to.
THE RESEARCHERS
3
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
BSBA STUDENTS IN ALL LEVELS AT TOMAS DEL ROSARIO COLLEGE
Title Page
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I
The Problem and Its Setting
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….1
Background of the Study……………………………………….………………………..4
Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………………………..5
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………….6
Hypothesis………………………………………………………………………………..6
Scope and Delimitation of the Study…………………..……………………………….7
Importance/Significance of the Study…………………..………………………...........8
Definition of Terms……………………………………………..…………………...........9
CHAPTER II
Review of Related literature
Related readings………………………………………………...…………………….10
Related literatures…………………………………………………………………......12
Related studies………………………………………………………………………...14
Review of Foreign Studies……………………………………………………………15
Review of Local literature.................................................................................. ..17
Justification of the Study………………………………………………………………19
CHAPTER III
Methodology
Research design……………………………………………………………………….20
Population and sampling……………………………………………………………...20
Research instrument…………………………………………………………………..21
Validity and Reliability of the instrument…………………………………………….21
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………………22
Statistical Treatment of Data………………………………………………………….23
CHAPTER I
4
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS
Introduction
The rapid development of technology that has been observed over the last years
is pinpointing of its entry into mainstream culture and its integration into the daily lives of
many people. Corresponding with this, there has also been substantial media coverage
of the growth of social networking, its potential positive outcomes and concerns about
the way that some people are engaging with it.
Technology offers people new and varied ways to communicate via internet,
whether through their PC or their mobile phone. They allow people to easily and simply
create their own online page or profile and to construct and display an online network of
contacts, often called ‘friends’. Users of these sites can communicate via their profile
both with their ‘friends’ and with people outside their list of contacts. This can be on a
one-to one basis (much like an email), or in a more public way such as a comment
posted for all to see.
Due to the continuous change in cultural and social aspect and with the
accordance of technological revolution, the social networking’s essence in the face of
the Internet and Web is still in question.
For the purpose of this research paper we have purposely focused on the
perceived effects of technology on the study habits of the BSBA students of Tomas Del
Rosario College.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
5
Technology is one of the latest phenomenons that make the whole wide world
cling to it. It has brought about changes in terms of communication. It also creates
positive and negative impact in the lifestyle of billions of people most particularly to the
younger generation. Technology helps develop both intrapersonal and interpersonal
aspect of an individual. It unlocks the curiosity of an individual on what is life and what is
it all about.
It may aid people in their academic life just like how it supports a firm and a
country in its economical, political, societal and spiritual aspects. On the other hand, it
still inculcates negative effects that have been wide-spreading throughout the world.
Considering the awaiting destruction in the diverse facets of life of an individual, in his
community and even his country.
This study will be conducted Tomas Del Rosario College Department where we
selected students from all levels of BSBA to pre-determine the perceive effects of the
impact of technology on the academic performance of students.
Theoretical Framework
This study further concerned on cognitive ability of the students and their
performance in the actual classroom interaction.
Social learning theory proposed by Albert Bandura has become perhaps the most
influential theory of learning and developmen t. In Albert Bandura’s Social Learning
Theory added an element arguing that people can learn new information and behaviors
by watching other people. Known as observational learning (or modeling), this type of
learning can be used to explain a wide variety of behaviors.
It is because people are very perceptual, we love doing the most popular thing or being
“in”. Through observation, we see and feel that having a social networking site account
could probably makes us feel fit in and those who do the same thing accept us. Let’s
say computers and social networking sites together fits the definition of a symbolic
model, which involves real or fictional characters displaying behaviors in books, films,
television programs, or online media. Most people's hobbies are intrinsically motivated.
Notice the passion with which people collect books. Few people carry that amount of
passion into their workplace. Intrinsic motivation is when a person is motivated by
6
internal factors, as opposed to the external drivers of extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic
motivation drives a person to do things just for the fun of it, or because I believe it is a
good or right thing to do.
Social evaluation theory suggests that we form our own attitudes and behaviors
by comparing ourselves with other people and their opinions. Mostly we compare
ourselves against people whom we believe we're reasonably similar to.
For example, a popular social networking site nowadays- Facebook capitalizes on
people's drive for social comparison by offering an excess of applications like the visual
bookshelf that lets you see what books your peers are reading and the 'Compare me'
application that allows you to find out where you stand relative to your friends for
various categories like cutest, sexiest and smartest. This is very similar to the surveys
often found in women's magazines - 'How emotionally intelligent are you? Take our quiz
to find out!' It's compelling to benchmark ourselves against others to see where we fit in.
Social learning is the key to creating higher-order thinking and with continual
enhancement of technology learning is inevitable.
Figure 1 presents the paradigm of the study. Perception of BSBA students at Tomas Del
Rosario College on their academic performance in relation to the impact of technology.
Variable while the Students Study habits is the Dependent Variable. Spending more
time using social networking site rather than studying.
Research Paradigm
Profile
Perception of Tomas Del
Age
Rosario College stuedents on
Gender
Their Academic Performance In
Course
Relation To Technology
Year Level
No. of Hours watching Korean
Figure 1 Relationship to the Variables
tele series
(Independent Variable)
(Dependent Variable)
7
Figure 1 presents the paradigm of the study. Technology is the Independent
Variable while the Students Study Habits is the Dependent Variable. Spending more
time using social networking site rather than studying.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM;
The primary aim of this study is to determine the effect of modern technology to the
academic performance of BSBA student in all year level in Tomas Del Rosario College
A.Y 2015-2016.
SUB PROBLEM:
Specifically answers the following question:
1. The effect of modern technology use by the BSBA student on their academics
performance in terms of:
1:1 Cognition
2:2 Psychomotor
3:3 Attitude
4:4 Psychosocial
2. The technology that the BSBA student most preferred to enhance the academic
performance?
3.
What is the
main
differences between
cognition, psychomotor, Attitude,
Psychosocial?
4. Is there any significant in using modern technology in the academic performance of
student in BSBA.
8
Scope and Delimitation
The scope and delimitation of the study includes the setting, the time frame, and
the number of the respondents.
Tomas Del Rosario College was the setting in which the study was conducted.
The time frame for the research was thirty to forty-five minutes (30-45 mins.) for two
days (2) in one month (1).
The Respondents or Subjects for the study were selected from TOMAS DEL
ROSARIO COLLEGE. In total, 133 students were surveyed, 100 questionnaires were
distributed and collected from the first year to fourth year level.
The total population of this study is 133 students (33) seniors (42) junior (21)
sophomores ( 37) freshmen.
The main focus of the study is to know the effects of technology in relation to the
academic performance.
In assessing the students, the data were obtained through a questionnaire and
survey.
Significance of the Study
9
The result of this study is beneficial to the following:
To the Students of BSBA at Tomas Del Rosario College
This study gives information to the students on how they can able to use
technology in proper manner and to be aware on the how technology can affect their
academic performance.
To the Faculty of the Teachers.
This study gives information to the teachers on the advantages and
disadvantages of technology. How this new technology affects our youth nowadays.
To the Community.
This study makes the community be aware on the effects of technology to its
constituents. To give information how a community could limit the use of technology and
create ways to make it useful to the whole community.
To the Future Researchers.
The researchers can have a comparative analysis and basis for future study
regarding the effects of technology on the academic performance of the students.
To the Parents.
Parents must know about technology and how this can affect their children. And
for them to be able to guide and mentor their children in the academic and social facets.
To the User.
This study would help the user of technology to limit their usage and to improve
their study habits and academic performance.
METHODOLOGY
10
This chapter deals on the research method and procedure use in this study. It
includes the research design, population and sampling, research instrument validity and
reliability of the instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment.
Research Design
The researchers used the survey technique which is under descriptive research
design. Survey technique, requires gathering of facts that requires sufficient and
accurate interpretation. This technique is used to collect demographic data about
respondent’s behavior, beliefs, opinions, interests and the like and then the gathered
data are analyzed, organized, and interpreted.
The total population of this study is 133 students (33) seniors (42) junior (21)
sophomores ( 37) freshmen.
The Subject
BSBA Department
Year level I
Year level II
Year level III
Year level IV
TOTAL
Size
33
42
21
37
133
The Research Environment
Tomas del Rosario College is a private college int eh Philippines. From 1950 to the first
half of 1954, the school started renting an old building situated at Zuleta street, on the
11
lot now occupied by the RECAR building. The school offers both primary and secondary
levels and began offering tertiary level in 1980. It was foermly known as Tomas Del
Rosario Academy, before becoming a collge in 1994.
Tomas del Rosario College is the only PACU-COA level II accredited private school in
Bataan. It currently offers courses in the fields of nursing, accounting, management,
marketing, baking, education, and computer science.
At present, Tomas del Rosario College offers elementary, secondary, and tertiary
education. It has seven courses name, BS in Nursing, BS in Accountancy, BS in
Business Administration, BS in Computer Science, BS in HRM, Bachelor of Elementary
Education and Bachelor of Secondary Education.
Population and Sampling
Subjects for the study were selected from different courses at Tomas Del Rosario
College. In total, 100 students were surveyed. Participation from each student was
voluntary, without extra credit incentive or other rewards.
Research Instrument
The researchers used non-structured questionnaires in collecting the data in
determining the effect of modern technology on BSBA students at Tomas del Rosario
College, academic year 2015-2016. The questionnaire as designed by the researchers
had included items culled from observations and interviews.
The questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first half was intended to determine
the students perception of how modern technology affects them in their cognitive,
psychomotor, psychosocial and in their attitude and behavior. The second portion was
to determine their preferred modality used to enhance their academic performance.
Validity and Reliability of the Instrument
12
The initial draft of the questionnaire was submitted to the researchers advisor for
corrections and suggestions. Several changes were made over the course of time to
refine the questionnaire. Some items in the proposed draft were found irrelevant and
therefore omitted. The revised questionnaire was validated by the respondents, the
students of the BSBA department of Tomas del Rosario College.
For reliability, the researchers used the test-retest method. The questionnaire was
administered twice to the respondents. The coefficient correlation between the first and
second administration of the questionnaire was computed with the use of the Spearman
rank coefficient of correlation or Spearman rho. The formula is as follows:
rs = 1 - 6ΣD2
N3 – N
Where:
rs
= Spearman rho
ΣD2
= Sum of squared difference between ranks
N = Number of cases
If the obtained correlation is high, it means that the questionnaire is reliable.
Data Gathering Procedure
Once the research instrument was found to be valid and reliable, the researchers
secured written permission from the Tomas del Rosario College Administration to have
permission to conduct the study at school. After the approval of the permit, the
researchers administered the questionnaires. The questionnaires were administered to
the college students of BSBA during August 2015. The retrieval of questionnaires be on
less than 70%.
Data Processing Method
13
After the retrieval of the questionnaires, the researchers tabulated the findings and
analyzed the data. The data gathering was systemized. The researchers had made an
assessment with regards to the effect of modern technology to enhance academic
performance by the BSBA students of Tomas del Rosario College, academic year 20152016. The responses were analyzed with the subjects considered whole, only
differentiating them by their year level.
Statistical Treatment
To analyze, organize and interpret data in the study, the researchers used statistical
tools for treatment of data like percentage, chi-square and contingency coefficient, “The
Effect Modern Technology has on the Academic Performance of BSBA students at
Tomas del Rosario College”.
These helped the researchers gather and compare data. The following are the tolls
used in the study.
1. Percentage – identified number of respondents
P = f/n x 100
Where:
P =precentage
f = frequency of responses
n = total number of respondents
2. Chi-Square Test- often used to determine whether there is a goodness of fit. It is
alsoused to test the association of categorical data and to test the hypothesis of
independence of two
3. Contingency Coefficient-
Results and Discussion
14
This chapter presents, analyzes and interprets the data gathered to determine the effect
modern technology has on the academic performance of BSBA students at Tomas del
Rosario College, academic year 2015-2016.
STUDENTS PROFILE
TABLE 1
THE EFFECT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN
TERMS OF COGNITIVE
Analysis:
Interpretation:
15
CHAPTER II
16
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents different studies made by the other researchers including
articles and other reading materials. These may be similar or closely related with this
study. Furthermore the literature contributed additional information, ideas and data.
Related Readings
(Manila Bulletin.)The Department of Education (DepEd) is now prohibiting all
students of public and private elementary and secondary schools from going to
computer shops, malls, theaters, and other similar establishments during class hours.
Going to these establishments has adverse effects on students. “We are aware
of the prevailing situation that there are students in the elementary and secondary levels
from public and private schools who go to computer shops, malls, theaters, and the
likes during their class hours while in their school uniforms,” she said. Thus, the
Department issued DepEd Order No. 86, s. 2010 on June 18 which directed all school
officials and employees concerned to institute and implement the necessary mechanism
on the school discipline applicable under the situation. “They should monitor closely
those students who are absent or cut class often,” said Valisno.
(Philippine Daily Inquirer.) It has been reported that Filipinos rank 8 th overall in
the world when it comes to Facebook subscribers at over 16 million.Job de Leon is a
20-year-old junior at the Ateneo de Manila University and is a familiar face as he was
the courtside reporter for Adamson University during previous UAAP seasons. He
estimates that he spends about four hours daily on Facebook, a conservative number
considering how many others his age seem to be on Facebook 24/7, thanks to the latest
phone models that make computer connectivity possible.De Leon says. “Because
everyone is concentrated in one corner of the Internet, Facebook is where you go if you
want something heard, or conversely, if you hear about something.”
Beyond that, Facebook can also help give structure to a person’s life, something
that can be helpful to a young person. “In a way, it ‘organizes’ your life,” De Leon
explains. “It tells you which issues you should be paying attention to and what events
you might want to attend.”
17
(Readers Digest Asia.) If it does seem that standards of grammar and spelling
are slipping, it’s probably because there are vast numbers of people writing now, who, in
a pre-internet age, probably wouldn’t have bothered to write at all. Surely, it’s better that
people are writing and communicating their viewpoint, than not? Think back to the days
when we left home to go to university or work overseas. The most cost-effective means
to communicate was through letters. When we did get round to writing them, these often
arrived weeks after they were written, resulting in long stretches of silence. The issue
then becomes how we manage all this information and not get overburdened. You
guessed it – there are services out there that even help with that. We’ve all been there.
You’re pouring your heart out to someone when they get distracted by their beeping
phone.
Related Literatures
(Awake ,2011.)Social networking site can be addictive “ After just few days of
having an account , I couldn’t stop looking .Students can just spent their hours through
pictures and post instead of studying .It consume your time, privacy , reputation,
friendship and time.
(Boyd, 2006.)In educational institutions, success is measured by study habits, or
how well a student meets standards set out by local government and the institution
itself. As career competition grows ever fiercer in the working world, the importance of
students doing well in school has caught the attention of parents, legislators and
government education departments alike. Therefore, when the term “low” is integrated
with the term “study habits”, it is the inability to acquire particular grades on
examinations that indicates the individuals mastery of the content, and skills in applying
learned knowledge to specific circumstances.
(Wiseman, 1961.)On the point of study habits or excellence, Tuckman (1975)
posited that, performance is used to label the observable manifestation of knowledge,
skills, concepts, and understanding and ideas. Thereby, performance is the application
of a learning product that at the end of the process provides mastery. It is the acquisition
of particular grades on examinations indicates candidates’ ability, mastery of the
content, skills in applying learned knowledge to particular situations. A student’s
18
success is generally judged on examination performance. Success on examinations is a
crucial indicator that a student has benefited from a course of study.
Related Studies
Review of Foreign Studies
(Kirschnera and Karpinskib , 2004) A new study says that students who are on
Facebook while studying or doing homework wind up getting 20 percent lower grades
than students who don't have the social networking site in visual range, or even running
in the background on their computers or mobile phones.
Kirschnera told the Daily Mail that his team studied 219 U.S. university students
between ages 19 and 54, and found that Facebook users had a typical grade point
average of 3.06, while "non-users" had an average GPA of 3.82.
When I was doing A levels, I would get information from a book rather than
Wikipedia. This instant-satisfaction-minimum-effort society has a lot to answer for." The
youth use social networking sites as a means of interaction, socializing, and for purely
entertainment purposes. Although many people don’t think of it, social networking sites
harbor many unsafe elements and many people are concerned about some major
problems that they contain, which includes education and poor study habits.
Here the researchers present facts that social networking sites do gravely affect
the study habits of users. According to Aryn Karpinski’s study of about 219 students,
148 Facebook users had a full grade point lower than those who don ’t have Facebook.
People that didn’t use Facebook reported that they study about 11-15 hours and those
who had a Facebook account only studied 1-5 hours per week. “Our study shows
people who spend more time on Facebook spend less time on their academic aspect
and relationships. Many students have been blaming various social networking sites for
their steady decrease in grade point averages. This emergent phenomenon aroused us
to look into social networking sites and why they affect fellow students’ study habits.
(Fowler and Christakis, 2009) “Our brains haven’t changed, our real world social
networks haven’t changed for the most part,”
19
(Monin, Dweck ,Gross and Jordan 2008) Facebook has a notorious reputation
for helping students procrastinate. But recent Stanford research suggests that social
networking sites are toxic to more than just the academic wellbeing of students.
Stanford professors Benoit Monin, Carol Dweck and James Gross and doctoral student
Alex Jordan found in their December paper that underestimating the unhappiness of
others correlates with loneliness.
Review of Local Literate
(Angat) according to her study it is natural for young Filipinos to fall in love with
Facebook. “They also need to develop good study habits first.” There is also the
possibility of children being exposed to dangerous individuals online. “Children can be
very trusting and vulnerable.”
It can distract students from their studies. There is also no censorship or filtering
on Facebook; it can easily become a venue for gossip, backbiting and cyber-bullying.
(Cruz)More and more Filipinos are going online and forming their social networks
and here are the numbers that show this reality. Filipinos are seventh among all Asians
in terms of internet usage. Internet World Stats says the Philippines has 24 million
internet users, as of June 2009. There are now 12,528,400 Filipinos using Facebook, or
nearly 14 percent of the country’s population. The numbers continue to go up. No
wonder, Facebook is the country’s most popular website, according to Alexa. comScore
reports the Philippines is the most engaged in social networking. Especially, the
students who much engage in internet rather than studying.
(Dr. Garcia)Filipino students in now days tend to be more reliant on gadgets and
search engines even when doing home works. On my research 48% loss of bonding
time on real face to face interaction with family and friends, while 27% loss of privacy
and security, 20% suffered from emotional disturbance are 5 %. Impact of the internet
on education caught both educators and practitioner’s attention. The fusion of study and
internet sites opened the doors for positive and negative results. The effect of social
networking on the students study habits results in different ranges. Many studies show
different findings about the students who use social networking sites.
Justification of the Study
20
The research of Garcia “Social Networking and Its Impact on Filipino Youth”,
stressed that the students in now a days tend to be more reliant on gadgets and search
engine even when doing home works. According to his findings social networking site
has a big impact on our education
The formula for the computation of percentage distribution is
f
x 100
N
where :
% percentage
f frequency
N total number of respondents
%
Weighted Mean - Averaging the quantities by attracting more significance to some of
the numbers than the others. We accomplish this by assigning weighs to the quantities,
where the weight represents measure their relative importance.
x
f
w
n
where :
x the weighted mean
f frequency
n total number of cases
One-way Analysis of Variance- is a method for dividing the variation observed in
experimental data into different parts; each part assignable to a known source, cause or
factor (Ferguson, 1976).
F
MSB
MSW
where :
MSB Mean Square Between
MSW Mean Square Within
A t-test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student's t
distribution, if the null hypothesis is supported. It is most commonly applied when the test
statistic would follow a normal distribution if the value of a scaling term in the test statistic
were known. When the scaling term is unknown and is replaced by an estimate based
on the data, the test statistic (under certain conditions) follows a Student's t distribution.
21
Bibliography
Published Materials
Devera, (2010) “The Facebook Generation” ,Philippine Daily Inquirer, November 13,
2010
Fowler, (2009) “Connected”, Published book at Harvard University
Sasamoto,(2010) ”Voice” Readers Digest Asia, May 2010
Valisno(2010) “Students banned in malls”, Manila Bulletin, June 22, 2010
Dr. Leonardo Garcia Jr., “Social Networking and Its Impact on Filipino Youth”, CPM Dean,
Lyceum of the Philippines University.
Book
Awake, (2011). ”What should I know about social networking site”, The watchtower
society of Pennsylvania.Vol.132, No.14
On Line Sources
Aric Sigman,(2009) ”Online –Social networking site , Good or Bad”, www.
News.discovery.com/tech.(http://news.discovery.com/tech/is-online-social-networking-goodor-bad.html)
Professors Benoit Monin, Carol Dweck and James Gross and Doctoral student Alex
Jordan,(2008), “Stanford Reseach”, www.stanford-reseach .com
Mayeth Angat (2009), Councelor of Ateneo University , “The Facebook Generation” ,
http://www.medindia.net/news/Social-Networking-Distracting-Children-From-Studies
Professor Boyd Goodson, (2006). “The Nature of Social Networking Sites and Low
Academic Performances”, www. Boyd.com
Psychologist Paul A. Kirschnera and Aryn C. Karpinskib of Ohio State University,”
Centre
for
Learning
Sciences
and
Technologies
at
University
of
22
Netherlands”,www.msnbc.msn.com,
(http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39038581/ns/technology_and_science tech_and_gadgets/)
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