Offshore

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Offshore
In this environment the sequence of events in field developments is much
more compartmentalised than onshore (Fig. 1.1). To begin with, following the
discovery well on an accumulation a series of appraisal wells is drilled to determine
the volume of hydrocarbons in place and assess the ease with which they can be
produced: two obvious requirements in deciding upon the commercial viability of
the project. Unfortunately, the appraisal wells, which may range in number from
one or two on a small accumulation to twenty or more on a large, cannot usually
be produced on a continuous basis from the time of their drilling, since the offshore
production and hydrocarbon transportation facilities are not in existence at this
stage of the development. Consequently, the engineer is faced with the difficulty
that, although there may be a perfectly adequate amount of data collected in
each appraisal well, using the latest and greatest high-tech equipment, they are
nevertheless the lowest quality data that will ever be acquired during the lifetime
of the project because they are collected under purely static conditions. The most
dyr~amice vent that occurs at this stage is the conducting of DSTs in which perhaps
a sew thousand barrels of oil are withdrawn from each interval tested but this is
usually insufficient to cause a significant pressure drop that cam be detected in
appraisal wells drilled subsequently. Extended well tests (EWTs, Chapter 2, section
2.10) can provide a partial solution to this problem but these are of quite rare
occurrence and are never as cc~nclusivea s continuous production that is possible in
land developments.

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