Online Motor Vehicle Licensing System
Content
TITLE PAGE
ONLINE MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSING SYSTEM
BY
OLIJI CHRISTOPHER IKECHUKWU
CE/2007/221
BEING A B.ENG PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF A BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING DEGREE IN COMPUTER
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, CARITAS UNIVERSITY,
AMORJI-NIKE, ENUGU.
SUPERVISOR: ENGR. C. N. MBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
CARITAS UNIVERSITY
AMORJI-NIKE, ENUGU.
AUGUST, 2012.
CERTIFICATION PAGE
This project was approved by the underlisted and has been completed.
--------------------------------------------------Engr. C. N. Mba
Project Supervisor
Date
--------------------------------------------Engr. C. N. Mba
Head of Department
Date:
-------------------------------------------------External Supervisor
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DEDICATION
To Almighty God,
and my parents Comrade and Mrs. Oliji S. N. (JP).
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my sincere gratitude to the Almighty God who is the author and finisher
of my life. Who makes all things possible.
I also acknowledge my supervisor and the Head of Department Engr. C. N. Mba,
Prof. O. E. Uzomaka and my other lecturers Engr. E. Okpala, Engr. Tony Nsodukwo,
Engr. Obi M. C, of the department of Computer Engineering, Caritas University AmorjiNike Enugu.
I am very appreciative of my dear parents and my siblings for their love, patience,
prayers, financial support, encouragement and understanding.
I acknowledge the staff and management of Federal Road Safety Commission
Enugu and Nsukka Branch for providing me with useful information and materials.
Worthy of note is the Bureau of Internal Generated Revenue Enugu and the Vehicle
Inspection Office, Enugu.
Finally, I acknowledge some of my fellow class mates who have been a source of
inspiration to me; Emezue Handel, Babatunde Aremu, Umoke Moses, Okwor Emeka, and
many more. To my friends and well-wishers who were invaluable to me during the course
of this project and my stay in school.
OLIJI CHRISTOPHER IKECHUKWU
CE/2007/221
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
CARITAS UNIVERSITY, AMORJI-NIKE
ENUGU.
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Hierarchy of System Functionality.
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Figure 3.2: Program Flowchart
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Figure 3.3: Overview model of registration module.
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Figure 3.4: Overview model of renewal module.
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Figure 3.5: Overview model of vehicle module.
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Figure 3.6: Overview model of administrator sub-system.
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Figure 3.7: Entity relationship model of Motor Vehicle Licensing System -
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Figure 3.8: A normalized entity relationship model between owner and administrator
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Figure 3.9: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
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Figure 3.10: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
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Figure 3.11: Home Page
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Figure 3.12: Database Administrator Page
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Figure 3.13: Operations Subsystem page
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Figure 3.14: Report Generation Page
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Figure 3.16: Customer Registration Form
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Figure 3.17: System Flowchart
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Figure 3.18: Top Down System Design
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Figure 3.19: Front End Design
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Figure 3.20: Back End Design
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Figure 3.15: Help Page
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Admin License
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Table 3.2: Vehicle Registration table
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Table 3.3: Change of Ownership table
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Table 4.1: Unit Test plan
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ABSTRACT
Motor vehicle administration is a composite process and revolves around the management and the
control of motor licensing. Vehicle licensing is the payment of a fee for the use of motor vehicle
on public roads. Vehicle licensing in Nigeria began over 100 years ago starting from the colonial
administration and the records then was manually kept which did not help in raising efficiency of
the general automotive services. Motor vehicle licensing system on the other hand is a
phenomenon that is still estranged to the Nigerian terrains. Though many western countries e.g.
United States of America and some Asian countries have implemented online licensing in one
form or the other; it is yet to gain popularity in this part of the world. The obvious merit of online
motor vehicle licensing system prompted this research project to see ways of integrating our
vehicle licensing to the internet for speed, efficiency, reliability and customer satisfaction. This
work was designed to aid the framework for a client server distributed database system for
licensing and registration of automobiles in Nigeria online. The project integrated the three
government agencies empowered by law for vehicle licensing and registration. The system was
implemented using PHP scripting language, HTML, MySQL Server and Macromedia
Dreamweaver.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
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CERTIFICATION PAGE
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DEDICATION
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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LIST OF FIGURES
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LIST OF TABLE
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ABSTRACT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
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1.1
Background of study
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Statement of the problem
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Objective of study
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Significance of the study
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Scope of study
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Project Report Organization
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CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
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INFORMATION SYSTEM
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DATABASE SYSTEM
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DATA ACCURACY
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COMPLETENESS OF TRAFFIC DATA
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CONSISTENCY OF REGISTRATION DATA
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FACTORS INFLUENCING DATA QUALITY
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AUTOMATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
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THE NEED FOR TECHNOLOGIES AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE -
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FOR DATA COLLECTION DURING VEHICLE REGISTRATION.
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CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
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3.1
Research Methodology
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Data collection
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3.2.1 Primary source
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3.2.2 Secondary source
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3.2.3 The Technical Perspective
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Analysis of the existing system
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3.3.1 Evaluating the existing system
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3.3.2 Efforts aimed at solving the problems facing the existing system
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3.3.3 System model of the proposed system
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3.3.4 Security of the proposed system
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Limitation of the existing system
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System Design
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3.5.1 Design Methodology
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3.5.2 Overview Model
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3.5.3 Entity Relationship Model
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3.5.4 Design Standard of the System
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File Design
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System flowchart
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Top-down diagram
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CHAPTER FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING & INTEGRATION
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Choice of development tools
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System Requirements
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4.2.2 Hardware requirements
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4.4.1 Unit test
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4.4.2
System test
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Integration
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4.3
System Implementation
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Testing
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CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
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Summary
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Limitations
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Recommendations
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BEME (Bill of Engineering measurement and Evaluation) -
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Conclusion
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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APPENDIX A
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APPENDIX B
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Traffic laws and regulations in Nigeria were inherited from colonial administration. The
first Edith is the 1920 Road Traffic Ordinance of Lagos Colony and Southern Protectorate of
Nigeria which was applied to the operations of all motor vehicles until the country was
demarcated into regions (Northern, Western and Eastern). Thereafter, each region was
empowered to promulgate its traffic regulations.
Before 1939, vehicle inspection was carried out by the Directorate of works, while Motor
Licensing was supervised by the Motor Licensing office under finance. As a result of critical issue
with the colonial regiment of England during the world war, the Inspector General of Police was
mandated to undertake the responsibility of vehicle inspection as well as motor licensing until the
1958 constitution of Nigeria which conferred powers on regional (state) government to create
their own traffic laws.
On 1st January 1949, the road Traffic Act was promulgated which is available to the Road
Traffic Act chapter 548 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (1990). It is this Act (1949) that gave
birth to Vehicle Inspection Office. Vehicle registration is the process of adding a vehicle to the
motor vehicle register and issuing it with registration plates. Vehicle licensing is the payment of a
fee for the use of motor vehicle on public roads. When the fee is paid, you receive a label
indicating the expiry date of the license. This label must be displayed on the vehicle.
In Nigeria, there are three arms of government agencies that are responsible for
automobile licensing, registration and control. They are Federal Road Safety Commission
(FRSC), the state Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO) and the state Board of Internal Revenue
(BIR). The usual practice is for an owner to visit these three arms for the necessary payment, data
collection and issuance of necessary documents and materials such as plate numbers. The state
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board of internal revenue collects fees for new automobile licenses and registration from owners
through a designated bank. They may request more documents such as custom papers, purchase
receipt, or a change of owner certificate on automobile.
Every automobile within the nation must be registered under a state and a local
government before a license plate is issued. Nigerian automobile registration plates often have the
state written at the top and have a group of three letters at the right hand side, indicating the
district of registration followed by their main town to aid in tracing and identifying location.
License plates serve to help law enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others identify a
vehicle while simultaneously indicating that the registrant has paid the proper registration fee and
taxes on the automobile. License plates also offer information such as the weight class, the
country, state and local government in which the vehicle is registered, use restrictions (private or
commercial) and the age and engine capacity. In addition, some license plates show whether the
owner of the vehicle is a member of special organization or group such as the police force, custom
and the federal road safety commission. Moreover proof of ownership certificates are issued to
owners of automobiles on payment of certain fee by the board.
Apart from other advantages, this will now replace the manual process of registering
vehicle, issuing during licensing, renewing expired licenses, as well changing of ownership of the
vehicle. Since the computerize mode of operation is flexible and accurate record keeping assured,
it will give the management of the motor licensing authority enough time for planning and
decision making rather than being immersed in the detail of routing function (manual work).
This is necessary since the control of any establishment alternatively lies in the hand of
management. Also, the computerized operations of the licensing authority will ensure a very fast
retrieval of necessary information about (e.g.) vehicle information to the police in terms of urgent
need like during that of road accident.
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In this research work, interaction will be created on the computerization and
implementation of motor vehicle licensing authority at the three level organization; vehicle
inspection officer, (VIO), Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) and the Board of Internal
revenue, which are required to monitor the processes that are involved starting from the exact date
of motor vehicle is registered, licensed, renewed, etc.
In the early 80s, the vehicle licensing system then was that each vehicle was licensed
based on the local government issuing the licenses. For instance, a vehicle licensed from Ikorodu
could bear (LAG 28 IKD) as plate number. Later with the formation of the Federal Road Safety
Commission (FRSC) in February 18, 1988, many procedures were changed, the plate number
format and their various slogans. Also it was made constitutional under the motor vehicle
administration as a Residual issue under the 1999 Nigerian constitution that a person seeking for
vehicle licensing must first possess the National driving license.
Motor vehicle administration is a composite process and revolves around the management
and the control of motor licensing including driving and other related licenses which include the
following matters:
1. Issuance and renewal of:
Motor vehicle licenses
Local driving license
Learners permit
Certificate of Roadworthiness of all licenses issued
2. Registration of vehicle
3. Preparing and keeping of statutory Registers of all licenses issued.
4. Collection of fees emanating from its operation and payment of same into the appropriate
subhead of the state government’s account.
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Motor vehicle licensing system on the other hand is a phenomenon that is still estranged to
the Nigerian terrains. Though many western countries e.g. United States of America and some
Asian countries have implemented online licensing in one form or the other; it is yet to gain
popularity in this part of the world. The obvious merit of online motor vehicle licensing system
prompted this research project to see ways of integrating our vehicle licensing to the internet for
speed, efficiency, reliability and customer satisfaction.
In a highly populated country such as Nigeria, where a number of car owners increases
yearly, and the registration of motor vehicle is a slow process and sometimes in the sense of it a
difficult task. This is true in the sense that motor vehicle licensing authority/ system attend to
thousands of cars per year; thereby keeping records of license and their registrations manually
was a tedious work. It resulted in files containing records of application being misplaced,
damaged or misfiled due to the way the manual method of writing these records. Also writing
records of applicants in books affected the span of the record materials, and since the continue use
and re-use of these booklets everyday might lead to wear and tear which eventually led to loss of
important information.
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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The basic problems facing motor vehicle licensing are: lack of proper security in the
system that creates avenue for fraud and manipulation of stored data in the system, lack of proper,
accurate and concise information about the vehicle owner, poor performance of the system during
information retrieval due to inefficient storage of data, lack of proper and accurate record keeping
of stored information and finally lack of review process: this is a situation where there is no
avenue created for review. This hinders adequate maintenance of the system.
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims of this study are:
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To develop software that will link by computerization all the procedures of motor vehicle
licensing system in motor license authority (that is, to have a centralized system).
To improve the system performance and efficiency.
To enhance the database for proper information and record keeping.
To provide a reliable security access in order to avoid tempering with stored data.
To provide a means of accessibility in case of accident and emergency.
To enhance speedy recovery of stolen vehicles
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to serve better than the existing system, enhance database
and improve effectiveness, efficiency and security of the system. Also to give appropriate
attention and quick access to prospective application. It is also intended that the study will assist
in the development of a new and hopefully better computer aided system.
1.5
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research work is restricted to motor vehicle licensing procedure that can take place in
the motor licensing office. This procedure involves an individual registering to obtain vehicle
license if the client meets up with the procedure.
1.6
PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
This research work has five distinct chapters. Chapter one contains introduction,
background of the study, statement of problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study
and the scope of the study. Chapter two is the review of related literature, while chapter three is
the system analysis and design. Chapter four presents the system implementation with choice of
programming language and the system requirements. Chapter five contains summary,
recommendations and conclusion. There is also bibliography and appendix.
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CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
INFORMATION SYSTEM
According to Wikipedia, an information system is any combination of information
technology and people’s activities that support operations, management and decision making. In a
very broad sense, the term information system is frequently used to refer the interaction between
people, processes, data and technology. In this sense, the term is used to refer not only to the
information and communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, but also to the way in
which people interact with this technology in support of business processes.
There is a clear distinction between information systems, computer systems, and business
processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned
with ICT, focusing in instead, on the end use of information technology. Information systems help
to control the performance of business processes. Motor vehicle licensing system is an
information system which is a special type of work system. A work system is a system in which
humans and/or machines perform works using resources to produce specific products and/or
services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to
processing (capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying) information.
As such there are arguments that information systems inter-relate with data systems on the
other hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication
system in which data represent and are processed as a form of communication system in which
data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be
considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. This
system also has the basic five components of information system which consists of namely:
1. People, which consists of IT specialists (such as a Database Administrator, Vehicle
Inspectors) and end-users.
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2. Hardware, which consists of all the physical aspects of an information system, ranging from
peripherals to computer parts and servers.
3. Software, which consists of System software, Application software and Utility software.
4. Data, which consists of all the knowledge and databases in the information system.
5. Networks, which consists of communication media and network support.
2.2
DATABASE SYSTEM
A database system is a term that is typically used to encapsulate the constructs of a data
model, database management system (DBMS) and database. A database is an organized pool of
logically related data. Data is stored within the data structures of the database. A DBMS is a suite
of computer software providing the interface between users and a database. A DBMS is a shell
which surrounds a database or series of databases and through which all interactions takes places
with the database. The interactions catered for by most existing DBMS fall into four main groups:
Data definition: defining new data structures for a database, removing data structures
from the database, modifying the structure of the existing data.
Data maintenance: inserting new data into existing data structures, updating data into
existing data structures, deleting data from existing data structures.
Data retrieval: querying existing data by end-users and extracting data for use by
application programs.
Data control: creating and monitoring users of the database, restricting access to data in
the database and monitoring the performance of the databases.
Both a database and its DBMS conform to the principles of a particular data model.
The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) was established in February 1988 with the
statutory mandate to reduce to the barest minimum the incidence of road traffic crash and the
consequent human and material losses among other functions includes designing the driver’s
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license to be used by the various categories of vehicle operators, and designing vehicle plate
identification numbers and controlling the use of speed limiting devices.
In January 1991, the FRSC introduced a new harmonized design which was implemented
nationwide reflecting the following, super-imposed codes for various categories of vehicles,
description parameters to show colour of vehicle and previous registration (where applicable), and
Republic counterfoil to enhance documentation and auditing.
In January 1993, National Vehicle Identification Scheme (NVIS) was introduced with the
retro-reflective number plates coming into force. The new vehicle number plate is standardized
with full security features and produced in a secured environment by the commission in
collaboration with Governments, Military, Paramilitary and Diplomatic Missions. Among its
security features are; colour-coded to distinguish categories of vehicles and Reflectivity at night
under normal vehicle lamp.
In July 2009, the FRSC planned to restore the integrity of Unified Licensing Scheme
(ULS) and National Vehicle Identification Scheme (NVIS), also planned to maintain a credible
database of all drivers in Nigeria and to develop a robust Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) network. Indeed, the FRSC was one of the earliest federal agencies to embrace
ICT. The idea behind ULS was to unify vehicle and driver licensing in Nigeria in order to create a
national database so that authority/personnel would have instant access to vehicle or motorists
records. Drivers sex, height, blood group, disability, health status etc. similar scheme have long
operated in developed and even developing countries with positive implication for road safety
management and crime control.
Josephine Lahore (2005) stated that the greatest failure of the FRSC is its inability to
realize this target with the result that it is still possible for any person living or dead to obtain
multiple driver’s license. Driver’s license remains a huge racket for road safety officers, revenue
officials and the touts that litter licensing offices.
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Cronkhite (1974), stated that automation is not a panacea but rather just a tool for; rapid
correlation of crime and criminal information from massive amounts of data, quickly locating and
dispatching field forces, storing, correlating, manipulating and retrieving massive amounts of data
accurately and promptly, speedily transmitting and interchanging and information from field
personnel to data files and from one agency to another.
Transport system represents a major interface between the location of activities and the
general movement of people in an urban system (Pratelli and Brebbia, 2001). Hitherto, urban
transport problems are becoming more and more acute in the cities in Nigeria (Oladipo, 2001)
World Health Organization (2002) recently articulated that health concerns related to
traffic and transportation have become a worldwide phenomenon and will likely become more of
an issue in the future. Findings from other recent studies that stress from transportation may
represent an important factor that will influence the well being of urban population (Pratelli, 2001;
Gee and Takeuchi, 2004).
The second half of the 20th century witnessed rapid rate of urbanization, an emergence of
cities in various parts of Nigeria due to a number of factors among which are: introduction of
wheeled transportation, particularly railway and roads; categorization of settlement into
hierarchical order of development; introduction of monetized economy and consequently
production of cash crops and exploitation of mineral resources; continuous geopolitical
restructuring, through creation of states and local governments in 1967, 1976, 1987, 1991 and
1995; and the industrialization process between 1960 and 1975, which was based on import
substitution strategies and consumer market for imported goods and services (Ogundeji, 1982).
In Nigeria, the pace of Urbanization has been dramatically showing extraordinarily high
rates of 5-10 percent per annum (Egunjobi, 1999). Consequently, there has been rapid expansion
of Nigeria cities a real extent, which is now sometimes tenfold their initial point of growth
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(Hawkins, 1958). A crucial aspect of this is that city growth and expansion in Nigeria has been
largely uncontrolled (Ogundeji, 1982; Ogunremi, 1997).
In many Nigerian cities, urban transport exhibits remarkable features. Several studies have
revealed these features of Nigerian urban transport (Frank, 2011). Among these features as
summarized by Oyesiku (2002:257).
Features of urban transport system in Nigerian cities.
95% of urban trips are by road. Out of this, about 70% of the urban trips are made
by public transport.
Inter modality of trips is limited to public transport journey by road based public
transport.
Ownership and organization of road public transport system are characterized by
haphazard and uncoordinated operators.
Complete absence of comprehensive and integrated urban mass transit public
transportation system.
Specifically poor condition of city roads which in turns shortens life span of motor
vehicles and high cost of maintenance (Torres, 2001).
Since Nigeria political independence in 1960, (Oladipo, 2011) notes that the country has
the lowest level of motorization in West Africa with as 4 vehicles per 1000 inhabitants.
Quality of vehicle registration data
Quality is a major factor for data collection in vehicle registration. In Nigeria, vehicle
Registration data such as vehicle license, car insurance, driver’s license, and other vehicle related
document are usually collected by officials of both the Federal Road Safety commission (FRSC)
and the state liaison office for both the federal and state government respectively.
Sometimes, the data forms are collected away from the scene. These data collected often
have problems including errors, incomplete information, illegibility due to poor handwriting, and
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errors due to multiple data entries at various levels. The data obtained might not be of acceptable
quality.
Keller, (2001) defined data quality as accuracy, precision, timeless, and completeness of
the data. The various components of quality listed by Keller are ascertainment (completeness of
data coverage), consistency of coverage, missing data, appropriate level of detail, correct entry
procedure, and freedom from response error. Viva et al (2011) defined data quality as a set of
dimension which includes accuracy, precision, completeness, coverage, timeless, and consistency.
The most commonly observed attributes of data quality are data accuracy, data completeness, data
consistency, and timeless of the data.
AutoReg is an automated vehicle Licensing and Renewal system in Nigeria. It is a
proprietary, web based, business solution developed by Courteville Business Solutions PLC, to
address the inefficiencies of the motor-vehicle administration system in Nigeria. However,
AutoReg succeeded in helping government generate accrued revenue by using a designated
banking system for payment of tax and licensing fees but never solved the problem of security
and inspection of vehicles.
2.3
DATA ACCURACY
The vehicle registration data collected is of great importance and is the main sources of
vehicle identification information. The vehicle registration data collected recorded by the officials
of both the FRSC and the state liaison office includes;
The information about the vehicle
Characteristics of the vehicle
Residential information of the owner
Driver license number
Number plate
Vehicle Engine number
~ 11 ~
Chassis Number.
The duty of the official at commission/state liaison office is not only to collect data. But
the primary task of an officer is to create a file so as to secure the vehicle’s information and other
relevant information for updating, correction, renewal and tracking.
During this process, some critical vehicle data and evidence might be lost, removed, or
replaced during these routing procedures.
Therefore, the vehicle data collected and reported by the official may contain errors
(inconsistencies) and may not be of sufficient quality to meet the needs of Department of motor
vehicle inspection and transport division (MND). The accuracy of data is defined as a component
of quality as the ―degree to which the vehicle data is report is correct, both in terms of what the
collector reports‖. Accuracy includes verification of reported facts and care in making
observations. All errors in vehicle registration data, especially miscoding some data elements such
as vehicle owner, owner’s address and location, vehicle type, vehicle manufacturer/make, vehicle
model, chassis and engine number, vehicle’s plate number, and so on can lead to either inappropriate conclusions or inability to use the data due to lack of integrity.
2.4
COMPLETENESS OF TRAFFIC DATA
Rudman, (2004) stated problem associated with ―missing data‖. There might be many
reasons for the missing data in the reports. It might be a result of failure of the licensing officers
to report the data, failure to submit the report to central repository. Sometimes the data might not
be entered into the database during the process of data entry. It might be difficult to find data
entered in the system. Incompleteness or missing data usually occur when officers need to
perform urgent duties, such as wanting;
(i)
Objectively the traffic flow
(ii)
Help the injured
(iii)
Respond to additional high priority calls, or weather related factors and so on.
~ 12 ~
2.5
CONSISTENCY OF REGISTRATION DATA
Consistency can be defined as the uniform interpretation of data elements reported by
different Vehicle Registration Agencies. The degree to which data are free from variation or
contradiction. Consistency is also a measure of the extent to which a set of data satisfies a set of
requirements. The consistency problems stand as the major issue for statewide and a national
database system since inconsistent data make analysis difficult and are the potential causes of
incorrect interpretation. The Federal Road Safety Commission Report of 1998 identifies the lack
of consistency as being a significant vehicle registration data related problem and indicates that
consistency problems typically occur due to:
1. Significant differences in crash element definition and their attributes vehicles.
2. The difference of reporting threshold from one state to the next or within state.
Inconsistencies can also occur when different officers have different interpretations of how to
complete a form response.
2.6
FACTORS INFLUENCING DATA QUALITY
INSTITUTIONAL FACTOR
Lack of funding for such services as data collection, processing and so on.
Inadequate communication among various organizations in data collection and processing
in a state.
Institutional memory loss due to change of people who compose or operate the database
Failure to update data collection procedures as data needs and documentation vary over
time.
OFFICER RELATED FACTORS
Difference levels of importance given for reporting, administering vehicle registration
document depending on the personality involved.
Tendency to do least amount of work assigned.
~ 13 ~
Tendency to select and use only few codes from pick-licks, although more of them are
available.
Poor hand-working, misspelled or incorrect street names, etc
OTHER EXTERNAL FACTORS
Drivers involved hiding facts about the vehicle, or reluctance of owner to divulge
information.
Extensive time required filling out the vehicle registration form depend on personality
involved.
2.7
AUTOMATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
Rudman (2004) stated that information is the life blood of any law enforcement agency.
The accurate and rapid flow of information is essential for effective law enforcement. Without
information, police work would come to nothing. Without a fast and reliable means of obtaining
and communicating police information, manpower is wasted and police operations are degraded.
As the rate at which crime increased from 1999 through 2011 (75% increase in major
crimes nationally) so has the amount of information the police have to handle (The punch
Newspaper, 2011). It has reached such volume in most police agencies that information can no
longer be manually manipulated with any degree of accuracy and efficiency.
Automation can assist law enforcement to be more effective, particularly in relationship to
some major problem areas;
Reducing crime
Optimizing police manpower
Tracking vehicle online
Gathering information to locate owners of recovered vehicles but, one problem which
seems to plague all of the automation systems was the length of time it took to get data
into the computer.
~ 14 ~
Northrop (1995), in a study conducted in discussing the effectiveness of police computer
use and the problems that exist with the use. It was found in that study that the respondents in
forty-four cities across the United States view computers as a major force in the fight against
crime. This too could be applied in Nigeria if properly established and managed.
2.8
THE NEED FOR TECHNOLOGIES AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE FOR
DATA COLLECTION DURING VEHICLE REGISTRATION.
A variety of technologies have been tested and used by many law enforcement agencies in
Nigeria. The technologies used in data collection and processing include a variety of systems such
as optical scanners, mobile phones, printers, optical storage disks, portable computers, digital
cameras,
etc. The
current
computer technologies allow stakeholders
to
pay their
collection/renewal bills at the designated banks or existing offices, electronically transfer the
payment to the state agency account and provide deposit slips for the collection of receipts at the
state agencies. The use of online error checks, and subsequently the needs for reentering vehicle
detailed data not inevitable.
At the beginning, these devices was seen as the best solution to all registration problems
but that is not so. In fact, it only solved the issue of payment of vehicle registration dues because
the money now goes into government coffer.
However, it still has its limitation as they are yet to meet up with the demands to the
masses that spend endless time anxiously for their demands to be met at the licensing/commission
offices.
Hence, the full computerization have not been effected while technology and software
programming has advanced in other countries. Shall we continue to wait for the criminals to get
away with our stolen vehicle? Shall we keep spending endless time waiting on queues in which
have been divulged by corrupt practices of officials based on personalities? Shall we spend
~ 15 ~
endless time searching for owners of whose vehicle have been recovered, when software can be
developed to tackle such problems like these?
~ 16 ~
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In order to achieve the goal and objective of this project, the methodology of this research
is summarized under the following headings;
i.
Method of data collection
ii.
The technical perspective
3.2
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
Various data were needed for the successful completion of this research and several
methods were employed to collect relevant data.
3.2.1 Primary Source
Interviews were carried out with officers of various vehicle related offices like Motor
Licensing Authority (MLA), Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) and Vehicle Inspection
Officers (VIO) all in Enugu state and also extended to road users.
Officers like:
Dr. I. O. Nnamani, Director Motor Vehicle Administration Enugu
K. U. Eze, Manager FRSC: Nsukka Branch.
From the interview I got answers to questions such as:
i.
What is the primary purpose of vehicle registration?
To get the vehicle identified and to ensure that only those meeting safety standards are
on the road.
ii.
Is driving license compulsory for motorists?
Yes of course, for you to drive on road, you must have valid computerized driver’s
license.
iii.
What are the processes involved before driver license is issued?
~ 17 ~
The processes are:
Proof of ownership is required before registration of new vehicle.
Get a learner’s permit showing the passport of the applicant.
Fill a form for the class of license you apply for.
On payment of prescribed fee, go to the vehicle inspection officer (VIO) for driving
test with your driving test learner’s permit. If satisfied, then form ―O‖ ( a form which
indicates you are qualified) will be issued to you to fill.
Go to the license office to pay for the processing fee.
Sign the form so that it will be forwarded to FRSC for lamination.
It will then be returned to the Board of Internal Revenue for disburse
iv.
What are the problems associated with registering vehicles?
Vehicle registration has problem of e-license registration, that is; network delays in
course of registration, inspection of vehicle to ascertain the engine number.
The applicant or customer may not have sufficient money to complete his registration
therefore there will be delay.
3.2.2 Secondary Source: Consultation of magazines, journals, newspaper and library were
carried out and data were collected. Reference to important and relevant documentation of the
Enugu licensing office (No 12 Zik Avenue opposite First Bank plc.) were made, information
required to complete this study were also gathered from the Enugu State motor licensing office
board library. This information which was well detailed and comprehensive aided the course of
this project.
The diagram below shows the hierarchy of the systems functionality of a processed
vehicle licensing.
~ 18 ~
VIO
Registration
FRSC
Renewal
Change
Ownership
Distributed
Database System
Vehicle
Owner
E-payment
card
Fig 3.1: Hierarchy of System Functionality
3.2.3
THE TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE
The technical perspective of this project has to do with the development, deployment,
testing and maintenance of an online vehicle monitoring systems which are all software
engineering processes. Under this aspect, a web application or portal to automate and handle the
process of motor license administration is developed and deployed. The application will make use
of a database in which it will reside all entries of a license application.
3.3
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
The analysis involves all the processes that are carried out as regarding ordinance of
vehicle license. Before obtaining the motor license, the applicant has to first of all, present the
particulars of the car, which will be accessed. After that, he will be given a form to fill. The job of
issuing a motor license to the vehicle owners is the work of the Federal Road Safety Commission
(FRSC).
Without the issuing of this license, the car/vehicle will not be allowed to ply on the road,
and if anyone drives a vehicle that has no license, when arrested will be liable for prosecution by
the provision of the law establishing highway rules and regulation.
Therefore, for someone to obtain motor/vehicle license, the vehicle inspector must have to
make sure that the entire document on the person’s possession is authentic.
~ 19 ~
3.3.1 EVALUATING THE EXISTING SYSTEM
After evaluating the existing system we can conclude that the system is;
Ineffective
Tedious
Monotonous of its operation
Inaccurate
Inconsistent
Incapacitated
Unreliable
Unproductive
Substandard
Redundant
Having considered all these, it becomes obvious that a new online computerized system is
needed for vehicle licensing system in Nigeria.
3.3.2 EFFORTS AIMED AT SOLVING THE PROBLEMS FACING THE EXISTING
SYSTEM
Having itemized the problem facing the existing system, there is need for an alternative
system. This alternative system is a computerized system that will obviate the problem
experienced in the current system. The need for this new system cannot be over emphasized as it
is aimed at achieving:
Productivity
Effectiveness and efficiency by reducing work intensity
Less tedious
Speed optimization and reduced use of paper
Ease of update and maintenance of operation
~ 20 ~
Accuracy of computation
Consistency of data and reports
Productivity achieved through the optimization of speed and enhanced connectivity to
other stakeholders.
Enhancement of service delivery through prompt accurate and concise retrieval of
information
3.3.3
Helps in combating crime in terms of car robbery and snatching
SYSTEM MODEL OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
Since the system to be implemented is already predefined, it is assumed that based on the
problems actualized in the existing system, the new system is technically, operationally and
economically feasible.
3.3.4 SECURITY OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
The online system proposed had been fully equipped with contemporary security policies
to ensure customers satisfaction. Payment of the service is done through a designated bank.
Also, the forms when completed and submitted online, are not accepted completely
without validation to ensure compliance with security restrictions. In addition, the required or
mandatory field must be filled in other for the form to be accepted. These policies ensure the
security of the motor vehicle licensing system.
3.4
LIMITATION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
Presently, the mode of storage is both in manual and computerized form (digitized).
Owing to lack of proper database maintenance. Database recovery plan, coupled with the increase
in the vehicle registration, various problems raise their ugly heads in various fashions.
The problems are itemized below;
i)
Poor performance experienced during information retrieval, due to lack of efficient
storage of data.
~ 21 ~
ii)
Lack of proper, correct, accurate and concise information about the car owner.
iii)
Lack of proper and accurate keeping of information about old records that have been
stored for some time.
iv)
Lack of space for files and registers: the packing of old files and register sometimes
are destroyed in order to make space for new ones.
v)
Lack of review process: this is a situation where there is no avenue creation for review.
This hinders adequate maintenance of the system.
~ 22 ~
3.5
SYSTEM DESIGN
Start
Home Page
Enter as admin
or customer
No
Are you a
customer?
Yes
Enter admin
password
Error
message
Is login
password
valid?
No
Enter username
and password
Is login
password
valid?
No
Error message
Yes
Generate
License
Yes
Issue
License?
No
Delete
record
Yes
Delete
record?
Register
vehicle?
Yes
Perform
registration
Yes
Apply for
renewal
No
Renew
License?
No
No
Update
record
Yes
Update
record?
Change
ownership
?
Yes
Change
ownership
No
No
Help?
Generate
report
Yes
Query for
report?
No
No
Figure 3.2:
PROGRAM FLOWCHART
~ 23 ~ Stop
Yes
View Help
file
PROGRAM FLOWCHART DESIGN
The structure of the flow chart in figure 3.2 above describes the directional path in which
users link from page to page. The flow chart has the Home page as the root page which is the first
page encountered on opening the portal. The home page then links to the vehicle registration
pages, information pages, the administrator page and the help page.
The operations page comprises of the vehicle registration page, the renewal page, and the
change of ownership page. The administrator page provides a platform where the administrator(s)
of the website can manage information concerning the website. The help page provides guide as
to how to make use of the website.
3.5.1 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
The analysis and design of a system involve various methodologies. The methodology
used in the analysis and design of this system is the Structured System Analysis and Design
Methodology (SSADM). This methodology uses a systematic and structured manner to analyse
and design a system. The methodology which uses a linear life circle, divided the whole project
task into various stages or phases.
3.5.2 OVERVIEW MODEL
This is a logical diagram that shows the input, output, data store, process and report of
each of the various primitive subsystem of the various sub-system.
Below are some overview diagrams of the different primitive modules.
INPUT
Data
Store
INPUT
Registration
Sub-System
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.3: Overview model of registration module.
~ 24 ~
The input data into the registration module includes; ID, car Reg ID, owner’s first name,
owner’s last name, owners middle name, gender, marital status, owner’s data of birth, owner’s
religion, nationality, state of origin, address etc. These data also is processed, a report is generated
with an output which flows into the administrator’s sub-system.
INPUT
INPUT
Renewal
Sub-System
Data
Store
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.4: Overview model of renewal module.
In renewal module, the following are the data input. ID, car_reg ID, amount paid,
registration officer, state of registration, data of renewal, Expiration date etc. these data inputs are
processed in the sub-system, a report is generated and output flows into the administrator’s subsystem.
INPUT
INPUT
Data
Store
Vehicle
Sub-System
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.5: Overview model of vehicle module.
The input data into the vehicle sub-system includes ID, car_reg ID, vehicle type, Engine
number, chassis number, manufacturer, state of registration, registration officer, date of
registration, data of expiration, amount paid etc.
In this system, a report is generated with an output that flows into the administrator subsystem.
~ 25 ~
INPUT
INPUT
Administrator
Sub-System
Data
Store
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.6: Overview model of administrator sub-system.
In the administrator sub-system, the following data input are; the administrator pass code,
name, gender, Rank, address, phone number, e-mail address etc.
3.5.3 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL
This is a model that shows how the various entities in the hierarchical model can be
related. The relationships that can exist between these entities are as follows;
One – to – one relationship
Many – to – one relationship
One – to – many relationship
Many – to – many relationship
The relationships that can exist between entities are illustrated as follows;
Registration
Owner
Change of ownership
Administrator
Renewal
Licensing
Vehicle
Fig 3.7: Entity relationship model of Motor Vehicle Licensing System
~ 26 ~
From the above entity relationship model, there exist many-to-many relationship between
administrator and vehicle, administrator and owner, and owner and vehicle.
For the fact that many-to-many relationship exist between the entities, there is need for
normalization.
Normalization is the ability of normalizing many-to-many relationship to many-to-one or
one-to-many relationship, so that the activities that exist will be clearly shown.
Registration
Owner
Administrator
Fig 3.8: A normalized entity relationship model between owner and administrator
Licensing
Administrator
Vehicle
Fig 3.9: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
A normalized entity relationship model between vehicle and administrator.
In the above normalized entity relationship model, the activity that exist between them is
licensing.
Renewal
Administrator
Vehicle
Fig 3.10: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
~ 27 ~
In the above normalized entity relationship model, the activity that exist between the
administrator and vehicle is renewal.
3.5.4 DESIGN STANDARD OF THE SYSTEM
The standard of the design includes:
1. Design an input format that will enable the system capture all the necessary data on owner
and vehicle details.
2. Structure a database system that will store all the information
3. Design a well formatted output that will present information to both vehicle owners and
government agencies in a meaningful format.
4. Employ a top-down methodology in the design to enable a central control menu for
accessing other sub systems.
Input Analysis:
The input forms are designs generally based on the necessary data that needs to be entered
into the system. The data are captured through the keyboard and stored on a magnetic disk in the
database. The new system is composed mainly of vehicle and owner inputs,
Process Analysis:
Once the inputs are collected, the obtained data are processed properly for effective use.
The data processed is stored in the database as information for subsequent use.
Output Analysis:
The output from the system designed is generated from the system inputs. More of the
output generated is on vehicle information. This involves the resultant documentation generated
after processing of data supplied to the system.
The output here can be registered vehicles, customer’s details, license details, registration details
etc, change of ownership, renewal etc. These outputs can be generated as softcopy or printed in
hardcopy.
~ 28 ~
HOME
DBMS
OPERATIONS
REPORT
HELP
EXIT
USERNAME
PASSWORD
LOGIN
Fig 3.11: Home Page
This is the root page of the software; this page is the first page of the website from which users
can navigate to other pages. The home page contains the access login for customer and
administrator.
Database Management System.
Create Record
Issue License
Delete record
Update record
Close
Fig 3.12: Database Administrator Page
The DBMS page contains all the basic activities of the Administrator of the website. Here
if the administrator gains access to it can create, add, issue license and update records in the
database. Access to this page is granted to the administrator only and only if it is validated unless
access is denied.
~ 29 ~
Operations Subsystem
Customer Log In
Register
Vehicle
Change
Ownership
Renewal of
License
Close
Fig 3.13: Operations Subsystem page
This comprises the activities of the customers which include customer login and
validation. Registration of vehicle and change of ownership, also renewal of license can be done
here. Once a customer gains access to this page he can perform any of these operations as
required.
Report Generation
Licensing
Renewal
Change
Ownership
Other
Close
Fig 3.14: Report Generation Page
The administrator can readily generate report of activities based on requirements here by
querying the database for activities. Reports can be generated for licensing, renewal, change of
ownership and any other report that may be necessary or required by the administrator of the
website.
HELP
FAQS
About Us
Fig 3.15: Help Page
~ 30 ~
Contact Us
Close
The help page contains information about using the site and other necessary details for a
user to navigate and perform registration or any other activity. The help page also provides
contact information to the site administrator.
~ 31 ~
Vehicle Registration ID
VEHICLE DETAILS
Vehicle Type
Vehicle make
Year of manufacture
Vehicle color
Plate number
Chassis Number
Engine Number
Date of purchase
Ownership
Insurance company
CUSTOMER DETAILS
First Name
Middle Name
Last Name
Gender
Date of Birth
Marital Status
Street Address
Religion
Nationality
Town/neighborhood
State of origin
L.G.A
Phone number
E-mail
Permanent contact Address
Next of Kin
Next of kin Mobile number
INSPECTION DETAILS
Inspection date
Road Cert. no.
Inspection Officer’s name.
SUBMIT
Fig 3.16: Customer Registration Form
~ 32 ~
CANCEL
3.6 FILE DESIGN
Files held in this database are made up of different data types. These are integer, variable
character, date, etc. Some of the files used are designed and linked with database. Below is the
database specification for the files used.
Table 3.1: Admin License
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
State of
registration
Issuing officer
Varchar
15
Not null
Varchar
25
Not null
Date of
registration
Amount paid
Varchar
10
Not null
Int
6
Not null
License number
Int
10
Not null
The automated licensing system uses mysql, myphpadmin and apache server for its database. The
database contains tables that hold important data and their specifications.
~ 33 ~
Table 3.2: Vehicle Registration table
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
Vehicle type
Varchar
15
Null
Vehicle make
Varchar
25
Null
Year of manufacture
Int
4
Null
Vehicle colour
Varchar
35
Null
Plate number
Varchar
15
Not null
Chassis number
Varchar
10
Not null
Engine number
Varchar
10
Not null
Date of purchase
Varchar
10
Null
Ownership
Varchar
15
Null
Insurance company
Varchar
40
Null
First name
Varchar
25
Not null
Middle name
Varchar
25
Null
Last name
Varchar
25
Not null
Gender
Varchar
6
Not null
Date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
Marital status
Varchar
15
Null
Street address
Varchar
40
Null
Religion
Varchar
15
Null
Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
Town
Varchar
25
Null
State of origin
Varchar
25
Null
Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Null
Phone number
Int
11
Null
E-mail
Varchar
25
Null
Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
Inspection date
Varchar
10
Not null
Road cert. number
Varchar
10
Not null
Inspection officer
Varchar
25
Not null
~ 34 ~
Table 3.3: Change of Ownership table
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
Former owner first name
Varchar
15
Not null
New owner first name
Varchar
15
Not null
Former owner middle name
Varchar
15
Null
New owner middle name
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner last name
Varchar
15
Not null
New owner last name
Varchar
15
Not null
Former owner gender
Varchar
6
Not null
New owner gender
Varchar
6
Not null
Former owner date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
New owner date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
Former owner marital status
Varchar
15
Null
New owner marital status
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner Street address
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Street address
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Religion
Varchar
10
Null
New owner Religion
Varchar
10
Null
Former owner Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
New owner Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner Town
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner Town
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner State of origin
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner State of origin
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Phone number
Int
11
Null
New owner Phone number
Int
11
Null
Former owner E-mail
Varchar
25
Null
New owner E-mail
Varchar
25
Null
Former owner Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
New owner Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
Former owner Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
New owner Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
~ 35 ~
3.7
SYSTEM FLOWCHART
Input Data
Report
Input from the
keyboard
CPU
Disk
storage
Output
Figure 3.17: SYSTEM FLOWCHART
The system flowchart figure 3.17 above shows that the input data from users is accepted through
the keyboard. Data is processed by the central processing unit, which can be stored in the database
(disk). Data can also be retrieved from the database for processing as shown by the bi-directional
arrow. The output from processing is sent to the appropriate output device. Reports can also be
generated from processed data.
~ 36 ~
~ 37 ~
3.8
Top-down diagram
Motor Vehicle Licensing System
System driver
Operations
Subsystem
DBMS
DBMS Sub
system driver
Create
Record
Report
Generation
Operations Sub
system driver
Report generation
Sub system driver
Log in
Help
Quit
Help Sub system
driver
Licensing
FAQs
Issue
license
Register
Renewal
About us
Delete
Record
Update
Record
Query
Change
ownership
Change of
ownership
E-mail us
License
Renewal
Other
Exit
Exit
Exit
Exit
FIG 3.18: TOP DOWN SYSTEM DESIGN
In the above diagram, the motor vehicle licensing system have been partitioned into four
functional sub-systems; the DBMS sub-system, the operations subsystem, the report and help
subsystems.
The operations sub systems which are the users (front end) and the DBMS administrators
(back end). The front end consists of the user log in where customers log in and carry out the
~ 38 ~
registration of the vehicle. While the back end is a private access log in, for the system
administrator to gain access into the software and the database system for maintenance functions
and also issuing the user the license and other particulars required.
ADMINISTRATOR
REGISTRATION (USERS)
LOG IN
LOG IN
CREATE
RECORD
REGISTER
ISSUE LICENSE
CHANGE OWNERSHIP
UPDATE RECORD
LICENSE RENEWAL
GENERATE REPORT
LOG OUT
LOG OUT
Figure 3.19: FRONT END
Figure 3.20: BACK END
The diagrams (figures 3.19 and 3.20) above show the activities for the front end and back
end of the software. The front end contains the activity module for the customers for registration
subsystem. The procedure which involves log in, register, change of ownership, license renewal
and log out. The back end for the database administrator contains modules such as log in, create
record, issue license etc. The back end system is reserved for the system administrators and is not
accessible to other customers or users. This back end system demands for authentication and
authorization to grant access to the database administration.
~ 39 ~
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND INTEGRATION
4.1
Choice of Development Tools
The development tools are the necessary requirement tools used during the design to
enable us achieve the system design. The listed packages was used because of their features,
accessibility and also because it is more effective.
1. Macromedia Dreamweaver
2. My SQL database application
3. PHP scripting Language
4. HTML language
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Macromedia Dreamweaver CS5 integrates with Adobe BrowserLab, one of the new CS Live
online services, which provides a fast and accurate solution for cross-browser compatibility
testing. With BrowserLab you can preview web pages and local content using multiple viewing
and comparison tools. Dreamweaver lets you build everything from basic data-driven websites to
powerful online stores. Dreamweaver CS5 includes updated and simplified CSS starter layouts.
Dynamically-Related Files
The Dynamically-Related Files feature lets you discover all of the external files and scripts
necessary to assemble PHP-based Content Management System (CMS) pages, and displays their
filenames in the Related Files toolbar. By default Dreamweaver supports file discovery for the
Wordpress, Drupal, and Joomla! CMS frameworks.
Live view navigation activates links in Live view, allowing you to interact with server-side
applications and dynamic data. The feature also allows you to enter a URL to inspect pages served
from a live web server and edit pages you have browsed to if they exist in one of your locally
defined sites.
~ 40 ~
A Dreamweaver site provides a way to organize and manage all of your web documents,
upload your site to a web server, track and maintain your links, and manage and share files. A
Dreamweaver site consists of as many as three parts, or folders, depending on your development
environment and the type of website you are developing:
Local root folder
Stores the files you are working on. Dreamweaver refers to this folder as your ―local site.‖ This
folder is typically on your local computer, but it can also be on a network server.
Remote folder
Stores your files for testing, production, collaboration, and so on. Dreamweaver refers to this
folder as your ―remote site‖ in the Files panel. Typically, your remote folder is on the computer
where your web server is running. The remote folder holds the files that users access on the
Internet. Together, the local and remote folders enable you to transfer files between your local
hard disk and web server, making it easy to manage files in your Dreamweaver sites. You work
on files in the local folder, and then publish them to the remote folder when you want other people
to view them.
MySQL Database Server: MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications,
and is a central component of the widely used LAMP open source web application software
stack—LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python". The MySQL
Database powers the most demanding Web, E-commerce and Online Transaction Processing
(OLTP) applications. It is a fully integrated transaction-safe, ACID compliant database with full
commit, rollback, crash recovery and row level locking capabilities. MySQL delivers the ease of
use, scalability, and performance that has made MySQL the world's most popular open source
database.
MySQL is the database construct that enables PHP and Apache to work together to access
and display data in a readable format to a browser. It is a Structured Query Language server
~ 41 ~
designed for heavy loads and processing of complex queries. As a relational database system,
MySQL allows many different tables to be joined together for maximum efficiency and speed.
Some of the more popular features of MySQL are as follows:
❑ Multiple CPUs usable through kernel threads
❑ Multi-platform operation
❑ Numerous column types cover virtually every type of data
❑ Group functions for mathematical calculations and sorting
❑ Commands that allow information about the databases to be easily and succinctly shown to the
administrator
❑ Function names that do not affect table or column names
❑ A password and user verification system for added security
❑ Up to 32 indexes per table permitted; this feature has been successfully implemented at levels
of 60,000 tables and 5,000,000,000 rows (version 4.1.2, currently in development, will allow 64
indexes)
❑ International error reporting usable in many different countries
MySQL is the perfect choice for providing data via the Internet because of its ability to handle
heavy loads and its advanced security measures.
PHP: PHP is a server-side scripting language that allows your Web site to be truly dynamic.
PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Its flexibility and relatively small learning curve
(especially for programmers who have a background in C, Java, or Perl) make it one of the most
popular scripting languages around. PHP’s popularity continues to increase as businesses, and
individuals everywhere embrace it as an alternative to Microsoft’s ASP language and realize that
PHP’s benefits most certainly outweigh the costs.
~ 42 ~
HTML Language:
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the standard text-formatting language for
documents on the interconnected computing network known as the World Wide Web. HTML
documents are text files that contain two parts: content that is meant to be rendered on a computer
screen; and markup or tags, encoded information that directs the text format on the screen and is
generally hidden from the user. Some tags in an HTML document determine the way certain text,
such as titles, will be formatted. Other tags cue the computer to respond to the user's actions on
the keyboard or mouse. For instance, the user might click on an icon (a picture that represents a
specific command), and that action might call another piece of software to display a graphic, play
a recording, or run a short movie. Another important tag is a link, which may contain the Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) of another document. HTML also includes markups for forms, that let
the user fill out information and electronically send, or e-mail, the data to the document author,
initiate sophisticated searches of information on the Internet, or order goods and services.
4.2
System Requirements
4.2.1 Software Requirements
A windows XP or higher version operating system
SQL Server
Internet explorer
Macromedia Dreamweaver
PHP scripting language
4.2.2 Hardware Requirements
The software designed needed the following hardware for an effective operation of the
newly designed system.
1. Pentium IV system
2. At least 256MB of RAM
~ 43 ~
3. Enhanced keyboard
4. 20GB hard disk space
5. SVGA monitor
6. Mouse
4.3
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
System implementation is a collection of inter-dependent physical devices together with
their programming which provides the functionality and performance for which the system was
designed. It covers all the activities necessary to set the system that has been analysed and
designed to be fully functional to the users.
AUTHENTICATION AND AUTHORIZATION
The software is incorporated making most of the pages secured or protected which
demands only approved users gaining access to such pages. The secured pages comprises of the
staff pages, the user pages and the administrator page. The software utilized the PHP membership
to validate and store user credentials which help manage user authentication. Authentication is the
process of inputting a user name and password to gain access to a specified secured page. The
software also utilizes the PHP role management to manage authorization allowing the ability to
specify the resources users are allowed to access. It enables the treatment of group of users as a
unit by assigning users to specific roles and creating access rules for them. When a user requests
for a protected resource, take for instance, the staff page, the website will redirect the user to
logon page where he has to enter the required credentials, usually a name and password. The
membership ―validate user‖ method in the code-behind file checks the name entered and
compares it will all the names in the membership store, when it finds a match, it compare the
password entered with the password of the match found in the store. If they are both the same, it
attaches an authentication ticket to the response that represents the use credentials (the password
not included) and if not, returns the user to the logon page with an access denied message. If the
~ 44 ~
user is authenticated, the ―Isuser_In_Role‖ method further checks if that name entered has
authority to access the resource requested. It does this by checking the access rule if the user’s
role can access the resource requested for. If it comes out with booken ―true‖, then the user is
given access and the page or resource requested for opens and if it comes out with booken ―false‖,
the user is returned to the logon page with an access denied message. This procedure helps to
ensure that a user does not log in as an administrator and vice-versa thereby viewing resources
that are not meant to. It is also important to note that the authentication ticket issued to an
authenticated user remains active until the user logs out or the session expires.
4.4
TESTING
4.4.1 Unit Test
Developing a good and logically sound test plan is very vital to developing a bug free software
system. The unit test plan developed for the testing of this application is as follows:
Table 4.1: Unit Test plan
1.
Tested Data
Expected Result
Actual Result
Pin
To correspond with what is in the It corresponded with the pin in
database storage.
2.
3.
4.
User
name
database and was validated.
and Must be correct password given to The password was correct and was
password
the student by the admin.
able to display page for registration.
Administrator
Expected to login if and only if it is Was able to login because of correct
login
the administrator.
Queries
To view car information using Was successful
identity.
car_reg_id
5.
Data
connections To see if the interface is connecting Was able to connect to database and
and linking buttons to database and view other pages
can also display other pages.
4.4.2 System Test
This software has been tested with data and it is functioning well. This was done through
the use of properly selected input data; ensure reliability and accuracy of output. The test data
~ 45 ~
consists of formulated customer’s personal details and car details. The respective user names and
passwords, pin were used to login to the database, error message was displayed if the user name
and password and pin are incorrect.
All these varying data used in testing the system’s performance, gives the assurance that
the new system will achieve its purpose and objectives.
4.5
INTEGRATION
The general deployment process consists of several interacted activities with possible
transitions between them. The integration would be performed using visual web developer under
the visual studios 2008 package. This entails a web server where users can access the site using an
internet explorer of their choice.
~ 46 ~
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1
SUMMARY
In a great exposure, during the research work of this project, I was able to realize that the
consistent problem encountered is as a result of improper storage of data/information in the motor
vehicle licensing system.
This study explains well that the introduction of the online motor registration system in
motor licensing system in Nigeria will wipe away all human prone errors in processing and
increase the security of registered motor vehicles in the country.
This study shows that the decision-making process of the motor vehicle licensing system
offices depends solely on how well the records are managed and stored in the computer. It is now
paramount that security agencies such as police now have a reliable source of retrieving or getting
information on vehicles on the Nigerian roads.
5.2
LIMITATIONS
The software does not inspect vehicle. Inspection of vehicles is done by inspection officers
who then issue the owner road worthy certificate. This software does not process bank
transactions.
5.3
RECOMMENDATIONS
Having presented all that is necessary for a successful implementation of this research, the
following recommendations are suggested by the researcher aimed at improving and correcting
some lapses.
Licensing offices and departments should be well equipped with internet ready computers
to allow for proper communication. This will in turn make insurance companies to consider
operating online as well.
~ 47 ~
Epileptic power supply should be reduced since this is a client server system running on
the internet, which means the servers must be online 24 hours every day. All the processes of
motor vehicle licensing and registration cannot be achieved only online, therefore there must be
human inspection of vehicle under a controlled environment.
There is need to implement real time processing on mobile devices and tracking systems
to enable independent tracking companies have access to the licensing database, because this will
help in fast tracking and recovering stolen vehicles.
Finally, training of staff in the area of computer usage, this will help in correction, fast and
easy retrieval of records. The need to incorporate payment subsystem in the software is also
recommended to reduce bank queues. To develop and achieve good and robust software, time is a
valuable factor. In order words, time must be spent for such project depending on the software
engineering methodology to be adopted.
5.4
BEME (Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation)
The cost of this research project includes payment of transportation to various offices of
the government licensing agencies N15,000.00. The cost of 10 pages questionnaire documents for
about 200 respondents N5000. Cost of hosting a website on the internet N25,000.00. Cost of
procuring a laptop for programming N140,000.00. The cost of developing the documentation
report N7000.00 and cost of internet access N15,000.00. The cost of PHP software and
Wampserver N14,000.00.
5.5 CONCLUSION
The experience acquired from this project cannot be over-emphasized. It has really
bridged the gap between classroom paper work and practical work involved in software
development.
Furthermore, this project portal is still open for further studies and modifications to
increase its security and efficiency.
~ 48 ~
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bell, D. (2005). Database Software for Microcomputer Systems. McGraw-Hill Book Company,
USA.
Colby, J. & Wilton, P. (2005). Beginning SQL. Wiley publishing, Inc, Indiana, USA.
Edward, K. W. (1958). Road transport in Nigeria; A study of African Enterprise. Stanford
University Press, Stanford, California.
Frank, V. V. et al. (2010). Along a Long Road. Fulladu Publishing Company, Enugu.
Keller, J. J. (2001). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations Pocketbook. Academic Press,
Ibadan.
Oladipo, O. I. (2011). Road Transportation in South Western Nigeria, 1900 – 1960: its Role,
Nature and Impact on the Economy. Nicholas Brealey Publishing, London.
Ogundeji, G. O. (1982). The Economics of Transportation in Pre-industrial Nigeria. Gulf
Publishing Company, Lagos.
Pratelli, A. & Brebbia, C. A. (2011). Urban Transport and the Environment. Academic Press
New York, USA.
Rudman, J. (2004). Motor Vehicle Licensing Supervisor. Gower Publishing Limited, Lagos.
~ 49 ~
APPENDIX A
Source Codes
Index
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<title>Vehicle License Registration System</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="description" content="Place your description here" />
<meta name="keywords" content="put, your, keyword, here" />
<meta name="author" content="Templates.com - website templates provider" />
<link href="stylecar.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<script src="js/jquery-1.4.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/cufon-yui.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/cufon-replace.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/Myriad_Pro_400.font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/Myriad_Pro_600.font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/NewsGoth_BT_400.font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/NewsGoth_BT_700.font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/NewsGoth_Dm_BT_400.font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/script.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<!--[if lt IE 7]>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ie_png.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
ie_png.fix('.png, #header .row-2 ul li a, .extra img, #search-form a, #search-form a
em, #login-form .field1 a, #login-form .field1 a em, #login-form .field1 a b');
</script>
<link href="ie6.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body id="page1">
<div id="main">
<!-- HEADER -->
<div id="header">
<div class="row-1">
<div class="fleft"></div>
<div class="fright">
<ul>
<li><a href="home.html"><img src="images/icon1-act.gif"
alt="" /></a></li>
<li><a href="contact-us.html"><img src="images/icon2.gif"
alt="" /></a></li>
<li><a href="sitemap.html"><img src="images/icon3.gif"
alt="" /></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row-2">
~ 50 ~
<div class="left">
<ul>
<li><a href="home.html"
class="active"><span>home</span></a></li>
<li><a href="about-us.html"><span>about
us</span></a></li>
<li><a href="articles.html"><span>search vehicle</span></a></li>
<li><a href="contact-us.html"><span>terms & conditions</span></a></li>
<li class="last"><a href="sitemap.html"><span>faqs</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row-3">
<div class="inside">
<h2><b>Vehicle License</b>Registration System</h2>
<p>You are to make N5000.00 payment to UBA using a teller or
ATM. After payment, you will be given a card containing a Reg. ID and a pin. </p>
<p>You may use those details to login and register your vehicle.
</p>
<p>You can also request for a license renewal or change of
ownership.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="extra"><img src="images/header-img.png" alt="" /></div>
</div>
<!-- CONTENT -->
<div id="content">
<ul class="box-list">
<li>
<div class="box">
<div class="border-bot">
<div class="right-bot-corner">
<div class="left-bot-corner">
<div class="inner">
<div class="box1">
<div class="inner">
<h4><b>Register</b> Vehicle</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="alt">
~ 51 ~
<div class="box">
<div class="border-bot">
<div class="right-bot-corner">
<div class="left-bot-corner">
<div class="inner">
<div class="box1">
<div class="inner">
<h4><b>Renew</b> License</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="last">
<div class="box">
<div class="border-bot">
<div class="right-bot-corner">
<div class="left-bot-corner">
<div class="inner">
<div class="box1">
<div class="inner">
<h4><b>Change</b> Owner</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="indent">
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="col-1">
<h3><b>Welcome to</b> Vehicle License
Registration</h3>
<p>You can register your vehicle, renew your license and change
ownership of vehicle. all you need to do is login with your Reg. ID and pin.</p>
<div class="img-box1"><img src="images/1page-img.jpg" alt="" />
~ 52 ~
<p class="p0">You can register your vehicle, renew
your license and change ownership of vehicle. all you need to do is login with your Reg. ID and
pin. You can register your vehicle, renew your license and change ownership of vehicle. all you
need to do is login with your Reg. ID and pin.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-2">
<div class="box2">
</div>
<div class="box3">
<div class="right-bot-corner">
<div class="left-bot-corner">
<div class="inner">
<h4><b>Login</b>
Form</h4>
<form action="login.php"
name="nlogin" method="post" id="login-form">
<fieldset>
<div
class="field"><label>Vehicle Reg ID:</label><input type="text" name="vehicleregid" /></div>
<div
class="field"><label>Pin:</label><input type="password" name="pin" /></div>
<div
class="field1"><label class="extra">Remember Me:</label><input type="checkbox"
class="extra" />
<em><span><input name="Submit" align="right" type="submit"
value="
Log In
" /></span></em></div>
<ul><li><a href="adminindex.php">Log in as Admin</a></li><li
class="last"><a href="">Forgot your Pin?</a></li></ul>
</fieldset>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- FOOTER -->
<div id="footer">
<div class="footer-nav">
<div class="left">
<ul>
<li><a href="home.html">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="about-us.html">About Us</a></li>
<li><a href="articles.html">Search Vehicle</a></li>
~ 53 ~
<li><a href="contacts-us.html">Terms and
Conditions</a></li>
<li class="last"><a href="sitemap.html">FAQS</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bottom">Copyright 2012. Vehicle License Registration System.<br />
Website powered by <a class="new_window"
href="http://www.templatemonster.com" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Chris Finals.</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript"> Cufon.now(); </script>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="description" content="" />
<meta name="keywords" content="" />
<title>Vehicle Registration Form</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
<option value="Smart">Smart</option>
<option value="Sterling">Sterling</option>
<option value="Subaru">Subaru</option>
<option value="Suzuki">Suzuki</option>
<option value="Tesla">Tesla</option>
<option value="Toyota">Toyota</option>
<option value="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</option>
<option value="Volvo">Volvo</option>
<option value="Yugo">Yugo</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Year of Manufacture</td><td valign="top">
<select id="yearofmanufacture" name="yearofmanufacture">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="2012">2012</option><option value="2011">2011</option><option
value="2010">2010</option><option value="2009">2009</option><option
value="2008">2008</option><option value="2007">2007</option><option
value="2006">2006</option><option value="2005">2005</option><option
value="2004">2004</option><option value="2003">2003</option><option
value="2002">2002</option><option value="2001">2001</option><option
value="2000">2000</option><option value="1999">1999</option><option
value="1998">1998</option><option value="1997">1997</option><option
value="1996">1996</option><option value="1995">1995</option><option
~ 54 ~
value="1994">1994</option><option value="1993">1993</option><option
value="1992">1992</option><option value="1991">1991</option><option
value="1990">1990</option><option value="1989">1989</option><option
value="1988">1988</option><option value="1987">1987</option><option
value="1986">1986</option><option value="1985">1985</option><option
value="1950">1950</option></select>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Vehicle Color</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<select name="vehiclecolour">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="AliceBlue" style="background-color:AliceBlue">AliceBlue</option>
<option value="AntiqueWhite" style="background-color:AntiqueWhite">AntiqueWhite</option>
<option value="Aqua" style="background-color:Aqua">Aqua</option>
<option value="Aquamarine" style="background-color:Aquamarine">Aquamarine </option>
<option value="Azure" style="background-color:Azure">Azure</option>
<option value="Bisque" style="background-color:Bisque">Bisque</option>
<option value="Black" style="background-color:Black; color:#FFFFFF">Black</option>
<option value="BlanchedAlmond" style="backgroundcolor:BlanchedAlmond">BlanchedAlmond</option>
<option value="CornflowerBlue" style="backgroundcolor:CornflowerBlue">CornflowerBlue</option>
<option value="MidnightBlue" style="background-color:MidnightBlue">MidnightBlue
</option>
<option value="MintCream" style="background-color:MintCream">MintCream</option>
<option value="MistyRose" style="background-color:MistyRose">MistyRose</option>
<option value="Moccasin" style="background-color:Moccasin">Moccasin</option>
<option value="NavajoWhite" style="background-color:NavajoWhite">NavajoWhite</option>
<option value="Navy" style="background-color:Navy">Navy</option>
<option value="OldLace" style="background-color:OldLace">OldLace</option>
<option value="Olive" style="background-color:Olive">Olive</option>
<option value="PaleGoldenRod" style="background-color:PaleGoldenRod">PaleGoldenRod
</option>
<option value="PaleGreen" style="background-color:PaleGreen">PaleGreen</option>
<option value="PaleTurquoise" style="backgroundcolor:PaleTurquoise">PaleTurquoise</option>
<option value="PaleVioletRed" style="backgroundcolor:PaleVioletRed">PaleVioletRed</option>
<option value="PapayaWhip" style="background-color:PapayaWhip">PapayaWhip</option>
<option value="PeachPuff" style="background-color:PeachPuff">PeachPuff</option>
<option value="Peru" style="background-color:Peru">Peru</option>
<option value="Pink" style="background-color:Pink">Pink</option>
<option value="Plum" style="background-color:Plum">Plum</option>
<option value="YellowGreen" style="background-color:YellowGreen">YellowGreen</option>
</select></td></tr>
<select name="ownership">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Individual">Individual</option>
<option value="Organization">Organization</option>
~ 55 ~
<option value="Para-Military">Para-Military</option></select>
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Insurance Company [If any]</td><td valign="top">
<select size="1" id="insurancecompany" name="insurancecompany"
onchange="getPolicyNumber()">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="ADIC INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ADIC INSURANCE COMPANY
LTD</option>
<option value="AIICO GENERAL INSURANCE LTD">AIICO GENERAL INSURANCE
LTD</option>
<option value="ANCHOR INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ANCHOR INSURANCE
COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="CONSOLIDATED HALLMARK INSURANCE PLC">CONSOLIDATED
HALLMARK INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="CORNERSTONE INSURANCE PLC">CORNERSTONE INSURANCE
PLC</option>
<option value="CRUSADER GENERAL INSURANCE LTD">CRUSADER GENERAL
INSURANCE LTD</option>
<option value="CUSTODIAN AND ALLIED INSURANCE PLC">CUSTODIAN AND
ALLIED INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="EQUITY ASSURANCE PLC">EQUITY ASSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="GOLDLINK INSURANCE PLC">GOLDLINK INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="GREAT NIGERIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">GREAT NIGERIA
INSURANCE COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="GUARANTY TRUST ASSURANCE PLC">GUARANTY TRUST
<option value="ZENITH INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ZENITH INSURANCE
COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="">NONE</option>
</select>
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2" bgcolor="#333333" style="color:#FFFFFF;
padding:6px">
<p>» Information about Customer:</p></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">First Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="firstname" name="firstname"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Middle Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="middlename" name="middlename"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Last Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="lastname" name="lastname"></td></tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Gender</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="gender">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Male">Male</option>
<option value="Female">Female</option>
</select></td></tr>
~ 56 ~
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Date of Birth</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="dateofbirth" name="dateofbirth"></td></tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Marital Status</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="maritalstatus">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Single">Single</option>
<option value="Married">Married</option>
<option value="Divorced">Divorced</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Street Address</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="streetadddress" name="streetadddress"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Religion</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="religion" name="religion"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Nationality</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="nationality" name="nationality"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Town/Neighborhood</td><td valign="top"><input
type="text" id="town" name="town"></td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">State of Origin</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="stateoforigin" id="stateoforigin">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Abuja">Abuja</option>
<option value="Abia">Abia</option>
<option value="Adamawa">Adamawa</option>
<option value="Akwa Ibom">Akwa Ibom</option>
<option value="Anambra">Anambra</option>
<option value="Bauchi">Bauchi</option>
<option value="Bayelsa">Bayelsa</option>
<option value="Benue">Benue</option>
<option value="Borno">Borno</option>
<option value="Cross River">Cross River</option>
<option value="Delta">Delta</option>
<option value="Ebonyi">Ebonyi</option>
<option value="Edo">Edo</option>
<option value="Ekiti">Ekiti</option>
<option value="Enugu">Enugu</option>
<option value="Gombe">Gombe</option>
<option value="Imo">Imo</option>
<option value="Jigawa">Jigawa</option>
<option value="Kaduna">Kaduna</option>
<option value="Katsina">Katsina</option>
<option value="Kano">Kano</option>
<option value="Kebbi">Kebbi</option>
<option value="Kogi">Kogi</option>
<option value="Kwara">Kwara</option>
<option value="Lagos">Lagos</option>
<option value="Nasarawa">Nasarawa</option>
<option value="Niger">Niger</option>
~ 57 ~
<option value="Ogun">Ogun</option>
<option value="Ondo">Ondo</option>
<option value="Osun">Osun</option>
<option value="Oyo">Oyo</option>
<option value="Plateau">Plateau</option>
<option value="River">River</option>
<option value="Sokoto">Sokoto</option>
<option value="Taraba">Taraba</option>
<option value="Yobe">Yobe</option>
<option value="Zamfara">Zamfara</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">L.G.A</td><td valign="top"><input type="text" id="lga"
name="lga" value=""></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Mobile Phone Number</td><td valign="top"><input
type="text" id="phonemumber" name="phonemumber" value=""></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Email</td><td valign="top"><input type="text" id="email"
name="email" value=""></td></tr>
</tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top"><span style="color:#cc0000; font-size:16px">Note:</span> By
clicking the <b>submit</b> button, the customer accepts our terms and conditions.</a></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</body>
</html>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$vehicleregid = $_POST['vehicleregid'];
$nfirstname = $_POST['nfirstname'];
$nmiddlename = $_POST['nmiddlename'];
$nlastname = $_POST['nlastname'];
$ngender = $_POST['ngender'];
$ndateofbirth = $_POST['ndateofbirth'];
$nmaritalstatus = $_POST['nmaritalstatus'];
$nstreetadddress = $_POST['nstreetadddress'];
$nreligion = $_POST['nreligion'];
$nnationality = $_POST['nnationality'];
$ntown = $_POST['ntown'];
$nstateoforigin = $_POST['nstateoforigin'];
$nlga = $_POST['nlga'];
$nphonemumber = $_POST['nphonemumber'];
$nemail = $_POST['nemail'];
$naddress = $_POST['naddress'];
~ 58 ~
$nnextofkin = $_POST['nnextofkin'];
$nphonenextofkin = $_POST['nphonenextofkin'];
$npicture = $_FILES['npicture']['name'];
$uploaddir = './regpic/';
$dt = date('dmy');
$tm = strftime('%H%M%S');
$new_file = $dt . $tm . $_FILES['picture']['name'];
//print $new_file;
$fileName = $uploaddir . basename($_FILES['picture']['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['picture']['tmp_name'], $fileName))
{
$imgUrl = $uploaddir . $new_file;
$res = @rename($fileName , $imgUrl);
}
$vehicletype = $_POST['vehicletype'];
$vehiclemake = $_POST['vehiclemake'];
$yearofmanufacture = $_POST['yearofmanufacture'];
$vehiclecolour = $_POST['vehiclecolour'];
$platenumber = $_POST['platenumber'];
$chassisnumber = $_POST['chassisnumber'];
$enginenumber = $_POST['enginenumber'];
$dateofpurchase = $_POST['dateofpurchase'];
$ownership = $_POST['ownership'];
$insurancecompany = $_POST['insurancecompany'];
$inspectiondate = $_POST['inspectiondate'];
$roadcertno = $_POST['roadcertno'];
$inspectionofficer = $_POST['inspectionofficer'];
// checking against posting empty form
if (($vehicletype =="") ) {
}
else
{
$query = "INSERT INTO vehicleregister (
vehicleregid,
vehicletype,
vehiclemake,
yearofmanufacture,
vehiclecolour,
platenumber,
chassisnumber,
enginenumber,
dateofpurchase,
ownership,
insurancecompany,
firstname,
middlename,
lastname,
gender,
dateofbirth,
~ 59 ~
maritalstatus,
streetaddress,
religion,
nationality,
town,
stateoforigin,
lga,
phonenumber,
email,
address,
nextofkin,
phonenextofkin,
picture,
inspectiondate,
roadcertno,
inspectionofficer)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid',
'$vehicletype',
'$vehiclemake',
'$yearofmanufacture',
'$vehiclecolour',
'$platenumber',
'$chassisnumber',
'$enginenumber',
'$dateofpurchase',
'$ownership',
'$insurancecompany',
'$firstname',
'$middlename',
'$lastname',
'$gender',
'$dateofbirth',
'$maritalstatus',
'$streetadddress',
'$religion',
'$nationality',
'$town',
'$stateoforigin',
'$lga',
'$phonemumber',
'$email',
'$address',
'$nextofkin',
'$phonenextofkin',
'$imgUrl',
'$inspectiondate',
'$roadcertno',
'$inspectionofficer')";
~ 60 ~
$query2 = "INSERT INTO changeownership (
vehicleregid)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid')";
$query3 = "INSERT INTO adminlicense (
vehicleregid)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
$result2=mysql_query($query2);
$result3=mysql_query($query3);
}
if ($result and $result2 and $result3) {
echo "Congratulations! Your Vehicle Registration was successfull!";
echo "<br>Name of Owner: " . $firstname . " ". $middlename . " " . $lastname;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Reg ID is: " . $vehicleregid;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Type is: " . $vehicletype;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Make is: " . $vehiclemake;
echo "<br>";
echo "<br>";
echo "<strong>Keep ur Vehicle Red ID and Pin Safe, as it shall be required for further
registration purposes.</strong>";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again!";
}
?>
</p>
</div>
<br class="clearfix" />
</div>
<br class="clearfix" />
</body>
</html>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// checking against posting empty form
if (($username =="") ) {
}
else
~ 61 ~
{
$query = "INSERT INTO adminlogin (
username,
password)
VALUES (
'$username',
'$password')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
}
if ($result) {
echo "The User <strong>". $username . "</strong> has been created successfully";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again!";
}
?>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$vehicleregid = $_POST['vehicleregid'];
$vehicletype = $_POST['vehicletype'];
$vehiclemake = $_POST['vehiclemake'];
$yearofmanufacture = $_POST['yearofmanufacture'];
$vehiclecolour = $_POST['vehiclecolour'];
$platenumber = $_POST['platenumber'];
$chassisnumber = $_POST['chassisnumber'];
$enginenumber = $_POST['enginenumber'];
$dateofpurchase = $_POST['dateofpurchase'];
$ownership = $_POST['ownership'];
$insurancecompany = $_POST['insurancecompany'];
$firstname = $_POST['firstname'];
$middlename = $_POST['middlename'];
$lastname = $_POST['lastname'];
$gender = $_POST['gender'];
$dateofbirth = $_POST['dateofbirth'];
$maritalstatus = $_POST['maritalstatus'];
$streetadddress = $_POST['streetadddress'];
$religion = $_POST['religion'];
$nationality = $_POST['nationality'];
~ 62 ~
$town = $_POST['town'];
$stateoforigin = $_POST['stateoforigin'];
$lga = $_POST['lga'];
$phonenumber = $_POST['phonenumber'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$address = $_POST['address'];
$nextofkin = $_POST['nextofkin'];
$phonenextofkin = $_POST['phonenextofkin'];
$picture = $_FILES['picture']['name'];
$uploaddir = './regpic/';
$dt = date('dmy');
$tm = strftime('%H%M%S');
$new_file = $dt . $tm . $_FILES['picture']['name'];
//print $new_file;
$fileName = $uploaddir . basename($_FILES['picture']['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['picture']['tmp_name'], $fileName))
{
$imgUrl = $uploaddir . $new_file;
$res = @rename($fileName , $imgUrl);
}
// checking against posting empty form
if (($vehicletype =="") ) {
}
else
{
$query = "INSERT INTO vehicleregister (
vehicleregid,
vehicletype,
vehiclemake,
yearofmanufacture,
vehiclecolour,
platenumber,
chassisnumber,
enginenumber,
dateofpurchase,
ownership,
insurancecompany,
firstname,
middlename,
lastname,
gender,
dateofbirth,
maritalstatus,
streetaddress,
religion,
nationality,
town,
~ 63 ~
stateoforigin,
lga,
phonenumber,
email,
address,
nextofkin,
phonenextofkin,
picture)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid',
'$vehicletype',
'$vehiclemake',
'$yearofmanufacture',
'$vehiclecolour',
'$platenumber',
'$chassisnumber',
'$enginenumber',
'$dateofpurchase',
'$ownership',
'$insurancecompany',
'$firstname',
'$middlename',
'$lastname',
'$gender',
'$dateofbirth',
'$maritalstatus',
'$streetadddress',
'$religion',
'$nationality',
'$town',
'$stateoforigin',
'$lga',
'$phonemumber',
'$email',
'$address',
'$nextofkin',
'$phonenextofkin',
'$imgUrl')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
}
if ($result) {
echo "Congratulations! Your Vehicle Registration was successfull!";
echo "<br>Name of Owner: " . $firstname . " ". $middlename . " " . $lastname;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Reg ID is: " . $vehicleregid;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Type is: " . $vehicletype;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Make is: " . $vehiclemake;
echo "<br>";
~ 64 ~
echo "<br>";
echo "<strong>Please wait for the Inspection Officer to process your Registration. Thank
You.</strong>";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again! or contact
the database administrator";
}
?>
~ 65 ~
APPENDIX B
Sample Outputs
Home Page
~ 66 ~
Vehicle Registration Status Page.
~ 67 ~
~ 68 ~
ONLINE MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSING SYSTEM
BY
OLIJI CHRISTOPHER IKECHUKWU
CE/2007/221
BEING A B.ENG PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF A BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING DEGREE IN COMPUTER
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, CARITAS UNIVERSITY,
AMORJI-NIKE, ENUGU.
SUPERVISOR: ENGR. C. N. MBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
CARITAS UNIVERSITY
AMORJI-NIKE, ENUGU.
AUGUST, 2012.
CERTIFICATION PAGE
This project was approved by the underlisted and has been completed.
--------------------------------------------------Engr. C. N. Mba
Project Supervisor
Date
--------------------------------------------Engr. C. N. Mba
Head of Department
Date:
-------------------------------------------------External Supervisor
~i~
DEDICATION
To Almighty God,
and my parents Comrade and Mrs. Oliji S. N. (JP).
~ ii ~
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my sincere gratitude to the Almighty God who is the author and finisher
of my life. Who makes all things possible.
I also acknowledge my supervisor and the Head of Department Engr. C. N. Mba,
Prof. O. E. Uzomaka and my other lecturers Engr. E. Okpala, Engr. Tony Nsodukwo,
Engr. Obi M. C, of the department of Computer Engineering, Caritas University AmorjiNike Enugu.
I am very appreciative of my dear parents and my siblings for their love, patience,
prayers, financial support, encouragement and understanding.
I acknowledge the staff and management of Federal Road Safety Commission
Enugu and Nsukka Branch for providing me with useful information and materials.
Worthy of note is the Bureau of Internal Generated Revenue Enugu and the Vehicle
Inspection Office, Enugu.
Finally, I acknowledge some of my fellow class mates who have been a source of
inspiration to me; Emezue Handel, Babatunde Aremu, Umoke Moses, Okwor Emeka, and
many more. To my friends and well-wishers who were invaluable to me during the course
of this project and my stay in school.
OLIJI CHRISTOPHER IKECHUKWU
CE/2007/221
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
CARITAS UNIVERSITY, AMORJI-NIKE
ENUGU.
~ iii ~
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Hierarchy of System Functionality.
-
-
-
-
-
19
Figure 3.2: Program Flowchart
-
-
-
-
-
23
Figure 3.3: Overview model of registration module.
-
-
-
-
24
Figure 3.4: Overview model of renewal module.
-
-
-
-
25
Figure 3.5: Overview model of vehicle module.
-
-
-
-
25
Figure 3.6: Overview model of administrator sub-system.
-
-
-
-
26
Figure 3.7: Entity relationship model of Motor Vehicle Licensing System -
-
26
Figure 3.8: A normalized entity relationship model between owner and administrator
-
27
Figure 3.9: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
-
27
Figure 3.10: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
-
27
Figure 3.11: Home Page
-
-
-
-
-
-
29
Figure 3.12: Database Administrator Page
-
-
-
-
-
-
29
Figure 3.13: Operations Subsystem page
-
-
-
-
-
-
30
Figure 3.14: Report Generation Page
-
-
-
-
-
-
30
-
-
-
-
-
-
30
Figure 3.16: Customer Registration Form
-
-
-
-
-
-
32
Figure 3.17: System Flowchart
-
-
-
-
-
-
36
Figure 3.18: Top Down System Design
-
-
-
-
-
-
37
Figure 3.19: Front End Design
-
-
-
-
-
-
38
Figure 3.20: Back End Design
-
-
-
-
-
-
38
Figure 3.15: Help Page
-
.
-
-
-
~ iv ~
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Admin License
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
33
Table 3.2: Vehicle Registration table
-
-
-
-
-
-
34
Table 3.3: Change of Ownership table
-
-
-
-
-
-
35
Table 4.1: Unit Test plan
-
-
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
-
~v~
ABSTRACT
Motor vehicle administration is a composite process and revolves around the management and the
control of motor licensing. Vehicle licensing is the payment of a fee for the use of motor vehicle
on public roads. Vehicle licensing in Nigeria began over 100 years ago starting from the colonial
administration and the records then was manually kept which did not help in raising efficiency of
the general automotive services. Motor vehicle licensing system on the other hand is a
phenomenon that is still estranged to the Nigerian terrains. Though many western countries e.g.
United States of America and some Asian countries have implemented online licensing in one
form or the other; it is yet to gain popularity in this part of the world. The obvious merit of online
motor vehicle licensing system prompted this research project to see ways of integrating our
vehicle licensing to the internet for speed, efficiency, reliability and customer satisfaction. This
work was designed to aid the framework for a client server distributed database system for
licensing and registration of automobiles in Nigeria online. The project integrated the three
government agencies empowered by law for vehicle licensing and registration. The system was
implemented using PHP scripting language, HTML, MySQL Server and Macromedia
Dreamweaver.
~ vi ~
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
i
CERTIFICATION PAGE
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ii
DEDICATION
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
iv
LIST OF FIGURES
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
v
LIST OF TABLE
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
vi
ABSTRACT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1.1
Background of study
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1.2
Statement of the problem
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1.3
Objective of study
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1.4
Significance of the study
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
1.5
Scope of study
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
1.6
Project Report Organization
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
INFORMATION SYSTEM
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
2.2
DATABASE SYSTEM
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
2.3
DATA ACCURACY
-
-
-
-
-
-
11
2.4
COMPLETENESS OF TRAFFIC DATA
-
-
-
-
12
2.5
CONSISTENCY OF REGISTRATION DATA
-
-
-
-
13
2.6
FACTORS INFLUENCING DATA QUALITY
-
-
-
-
13
2.7
AUTOMATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
-
-
-
-
14
2.8
THE NEED FOR TECHNOLOGIES AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE -
~ vii ~
FOR DATA COLLECTION DURING VEHICLE REGISTRATION.
-
15
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-
-
-
17
3.1
Research Methodology
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
3.2
Data collection
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
3.2.1 Primary source
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
3.2.2 Secondary source
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
3.2.3 The Technical Perspective
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
Analysis of the existing system
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
3.3.1 Evaluating the existing system
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
3.3.2 Efforts aimed at solving the problems facing the existing system
-
-
21
3.3.3 System model of the proposed system
-
-
-
-
-
21
3.3.4 Security of the proposed system
-
-
-
-
-
21
3.3
3.4
Limitation of the existing system
-
-
-
-
-
-
21
3.5
System Design
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
23
3.5.1 Design Methodology
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
24
3.5.2 Overview Model
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
24
3.5.3 Entity Relationship Model
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
3.5.4 Design Standard of the System
-
-
-
-
-
-
28
3.6
File Design
-
-
-
-
-
-
33
3.7
System flowchart
-
-
-
-
-
36
3.8
Top-down diagram
-
-
-
-
-
37
CHAPTER FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING & INTEGRATION
-
39
4.1
Choice of development tools
-
-
-
-
-
-
39
4.2
System Requirements
-
-
-
-
-
-
42
-
-
-
-
-
-
42
-
4.2.1 Software requirements
-
-
-
~ viii ~
4.2.2 Hardware requirements
-
-
-
-
-
42
-
-
-
-
-
43
-
-
-
-
-
-
44
4.4.1 Unit test
-
-
-
-
-
-
44
4.4.2
System test
-
-
-
-
-
-
44
4.5
Integration
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
4.3
System Implementation
4.4
Testing
-
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
46
5.1
Summary
-
-
-
-
-
-
46
5.2
Limitations
-
-
-
-
-
-
46
5.3
Recommendations
-
-
-
-
-
-
46
5.4
BEME (Bill of Engineering measurement and Evaluation) -
-
-
47
5.4
Conclusion
-
-
-
-
-
47
BIBLIOGRAPHY
-
-
-
-
-
48
APPENDIX A
-
-
-
-
-
49
APPENDIX B
-
-
-
-
-
58
~ ix ~
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Traffic laws and regulations in Nigeria were inherited from colonial administration. The
first Edith is the 1920 Road Traffic Ordinance of Lagos Colony and Southern Protectorate of
Nigeria which was applied to the operations of all motor vehicles until the country was
demarcated into regions (Northern, Western and Eastern). Thereafter, each region was
empowered to promulgate its traffic regulations.
Before 1939, vehicle inspection was carried out by the Directorate of works, while Motor
Licensing was supervised by the Motor Licensing office under finance. As a result of critical issue
with the colonial regiment of England during the world war, the Inspector General of Police was
mandated to undertake the responsibility of vehicle inspection as well as motor licensing until the
1958 constitution of Nigeria which conferred powers on regional (state) government to create
their own traffic laws.
On 1st January 1949, the road Traffic Act was promulgated which is available to the Road
Traffic Act chapter 548 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (1990). It is this Act (1949) that gave
birth to Vehicle Inspection Office. Vehicle registration is the process of adding a vehicle to the
motor vehicle register and issuing it with registration plates. Vehicle licensing is the payment of a
fee for the use of motor vehicle on public roads. When the fee is paid, you receive a label
indicating the expiry date of the license. This label must be displayed on the vehicle.
In Nigeria, there are three arms of government agencies that are responsible for
automobile licensing, registration and control. They are Federal Road Safety Commission
(FRSC), the state Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO) and the state Board of Internal Revenue
(BIR). The usual practice is for an owner to visit these three arms for the necessary payment, data
collection and issuance of necessary documents and materials such as plate numbers. The state
~1~
board of internal revenue collects fees for new automobile licenses and registration from owners
through a designated bank. They may request more documents such as custom papers, purchase
receipt, or a change of owner certificate on automobile.
Every automobile within the nation must be registered under a state and a local
government before a license plate is issued. Nigerian automobile registration plates often have the
state written at the top and have a group of three letters at the right hand side, indicating the
district of registration followed by their main town to aid in tracing and identifying location.
License plates serve to help law enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others identify a
vehicle while simultaneously indicating that the registrant has paid the proper registration fee and
taxes on the automobile. License plates also offer information such as the weight class, the
country, state and local government in which the vehicle is registered, use restrictions (private or
commercial) and the age and engine capacity. In addition, some license plates show whether the
owner of the vehicle is a member of special organization or group such as the police force, custom
and the federal road safety commission. Moreover proof of ownership certificates are issued to
owners of automobiles on payment of certain fee by the board.
Apart from other advantages, this will now replace the manual process of registering
vehicle, issuing during licensing, renewing expired licenses, as well changing of ownership of the
vehicle. Since the computerize mode of operation is flexible and accurate record keeping assured,
it will give the management of the motor licensing authority enough time for planning and
decision making rather than being immersed in the detail of routing function (manual work).
This is necessary since the control of any establishment alternatively lies in the hand of
management. Also, the computerized operations of the licensing authority will ensure a very fast
retrieval of necessary information about (e.g.) vehicle information to the police in terms of urgent
need like during that of road accident.
~2~
In this research work, interaction will be created on the computerization and
implementation of motor vehicle licensing authority at the three level organization; vehicle
inspection officer, (VIO), Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) and the Board of Internal
revenue, which are required to monitor the processes that are involved starting from the exact date
of motor vehicle is registered, licensed, renewed, etc.
In the early 80s, the vehicle licensing system then was that each vehicle was licensed
based on the local government issuing the licenses. For instance, a vehicle licensed from Ikorodu
could bear (LAG 28 IKD) as plate number. Later with the formation of the Federal Road Safety
Commission (FRSC) in February 18, 1988, many procedures were changed, the plate number
format and their various slogans. Also it was made constitutional under the motor vehicle
administration as a Residual issue under the 1999 Nigerian constitution that a person seeking for
vehicle licensing must first possess the National driving license.
Motor vehicle administration is a composite process and revolves around the management
and the control of motor licensing including driving and other related licenses which include the
following matters:
1. Issuance and renewal of:
Motor vehicle licenses
Local driving license
Learners permit
Certificate of Roadworthiness of all licenses issued
2. Registration of vehicle
3. Preparing and keeping of statutory Registers of all licenses issued.
4. Collection of fees emanating from its operation and payment of same into the appropriate
subhead of the state government’s account.
~3~
Motor vehicle licensing system on the other hand is a phenomenon that is still estranged to
the Nigerian terrains. Though many western countries e.g. United States of America and some
Asian countries have implemented online licensing in one form or the other; it is yet to gain
popularity in this part of the world. The obvious merit of online motor vehicle licensing system
prompted this research project to see ways of integrating our vehicle licensing to the internet for
speed, efficiency, reliability and customer satisfaction.
In a highly populated country such as Nigeria, where a number of car owners increases
yearly, and the registration of motor vehicle is a slow process and sometimes in the sense of it a
difficult task. This is true in the sense that motor vehicle licensing authority/ system attend to
thousands of cars per year; thereby keeping records of license and their registrations manually
was a tedious work. It resulted in files containing records of application being misplaced,
damaged or misfiled due to the way the manual method of writing these records. Also writing
records of applicants in books affected the span of the record materials, and since the continue use
and re-use of these booklets everyday might lead to wear and tear which eventually led to loss of
important information.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The basic problems facing motor vehicle licensing are: lack of proper security in the
system that creates avenue for fraud and manipulation of stored data in the system, lack of proper,
accurate and concise information about the vehicle owner, poor performance of the system during
information retrieval due to inefficient storage of data, lack of proper and accurate record keeping
of stored information and finally lack of review process: this is a situation where there is no
avenue created for review. This hinders adequate maintenance of the system.
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims of this study are:
~4~
To develop software that will link by computerization all the procedures of motor vehicle
licensing system in motor license authority (that is, to have a centralized system).
To improve the system performance and efficiency.
To enhance the database for proper information and record keeping.
To provide a reliable security access in order to avoid tempering with stored data.
To provide a means of accessibility in case of accident and emergency.
To enhance speedy recovery of stolen vehicles
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to serve better than the existing system, enhance database
and improve effectiveness, efficiency and security of the system. Also to give appropriate
attention and quick access to prospective application. It is also intended that the study will assist
in the development of a new and hopefully better computer aided system.
1.5
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research work is restricted to motor vehicle licensing procedure that can take place in
the motor licensing office. This procedure involves an individual registering to obtain vehicle
license if the client meets up with the procedure.
1.6
PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
This research work has five distinct chapters. Chapter one contains introduction,
background of the study, statement of problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study
and the scope of the study. Chapter two is the review of related literature, while chapter three is
the system analysis and design. Chapter four presents the system implementation with choice of
programming language and the system requirements. Chapter five contains summary,
recommendations and conclusion. There is also bibliography and appendix.
~5~
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
INFORMATION SYSTEM
According to Wikipedia, an information system is any combination of information
technology and people’s activities that support operations, management and decision making. In a
very broad sense, the term information system is frequently used to refer the interaction between
people, processes, data and technology. In this sense, the term is used to refer not only to the
information and communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, but also to the way in
which people interact with this technology in support of business processes.
There is a clear distinction between information systems, computer systems, and business
processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned
with ICT, focusing in instead, on the end use of information technology. Information systems help
to control the performance of business processes. Motor vehicle licensing system is an
information system which is a special type of work system. A work system is a system in which
humans and/or machines perform works using resources to produce specific products and/or
services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to
processing (capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying) information.
As such there are arguments that information systems inter-relate with data systems on the
other hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication
system in which data represent and are processed as a form of communication system in which
data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be
considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. This
system also has the basic five components of information system which consists of namely:
1. People, which consists of IT specialists (such as a Database Administrator, Vehicle
Inspectors) and end-users.
~6~
2. Hardware, which consists of all the physical aspects of an information system, ranging from
peripherals to computer parts and servers.
3. Software, which consists of System software, Application software and Utility software.
4. Data, which consists of all the knowledge and databases in the information system.
5. Networks, which consists of communication media and network support.
2.2
DATABASE SYSTEM
A database system is a term that is typically used to encapsulate the constructs of a data
model, database management system (DBMS) and database. A database is an organized pool of
logically related data. Data is stored within the data structures of the database. A DBMS is a suite
of computer software providing the interface between users and a database. A DBMS is a shell
which surrounds a database or series of databases and through which all interactions takes places
with the database. The interactions catered for by most existing DBMS fall into four main groups:
Data definition: defining new data structures for a database, removing data structures
from the database, modifying the structure of the existing data.
Data maintenance: inserting new data into existing data structures, updating data into
existing data structures, deleting data from existing data structures.
Data retrieval: querying existing data by end-users and extracting data for use by
application programs.
Data control: creating and monitoring users of the database, restricting access to data in
the database and monitoring the performance of the databases.
Both a database and its DBMS conform to the principles of a particular data model.
The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) was established in February 1988 with the
statutory mandate to reduce to the barest minimum the incidence of road traffic crash and the
consequent human and material losses among other functions includes designing the driver’s
~7~
license to be used by the various categories of vehicle operators, and designing vehicle plate
identification numbers and controlling the use of speed limiting devices.
In January 1991, the FRSC introduced a new harmonized design which was implemented
nationwide reflecting the following, super-imposed codes for various categories of vehicles,
description parameters to show colour of vehicle and previous registration (where applicable), and
Republic counterfoil to enhance documentation and auditing.
In January 1993, National Vehicle Identification Scheme (NVIS) was introduced with the
retro-reflective number plates coming into force. The new vehicle number plate is standardized
with full security features and produced in a secured environment by the commission in
collaboration with Governments, Military, Paramilitary and Diplomatic Missions. Among its
security features are; colour-coded to distinguish categories of vehicles and Reflectivity at night
under normal vehicle lamp.
In July 2009, the FRSC planned to restore the integrity of Unified Licensing Scheme
(ULS) and National Vehicle Identification Scheme (NVIS), also planned to maintain a credible
database of all drivers in Nigeria and to develop a robust Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) network. Indeed, the FRSC was one of the earliest federal agencies to embrace
ICT. The idea behind ULS was to unify vehicle and driver licensing in Nigeria in order to create a
national database so that authority/personnel would have instant access to vehicle or motorists
records. Drivers sex, height, blood group, disability, health status etc. similar scheme have long
operated in developed and even developing countries with positive implication for road safety
management and crime control.
Josephine Lahore (2005) stated that the greatest failure of the FRSC is its inability to
realize this target with the result that it is still possible for any person living or dead to obtain
multiple driver’s license. Driver’s license remains a huge racket for road safety officers, revenue
officials and the touts that litter licensing offices.
~8~
Cronkhite (1974), stated that automation is not a panacea but rather just a tool for; rapid
correlation of crime and criminal information from massive amounts of data, quickly locating and
dispatching field forces, storing, correlating, manipulating and retrieving massive amounts of data
accurately and promptly, speedily transmitting and interchanging and information from field
personnel to data files and from one agency to another.
Transport system represents a major interface between the location of activities and the
general movement of people in an urban system (Pratelli and Brebbia, 2001). Hitherto, urban
transport problems are becoming more and more acute in the cities in Nigeria (Oladipo, 2001)
World Health Organization (2002) recently articulated that health concerns related to
traffic and transportation have become a worldwide phenomenon and will likely become more of
an issue in the future. Findings from other recent studies that stress from transportation may
represent an important factor that will influence the well being of urban population (Pratelli, 2001;
Gee and Takeuchi, 2004).
The second half of the 20th century witnessed rapid rate of urbanization, an emergence of
cities in various parts of Nigeria due to a number of factors among which are: introduction of
wheeled transportation, particularly railway and roads; categorization of settlement into
hierarchical order of development; introduction of monetized economy and consequently
production of cash crops and exploitation of mineral resources; continuous geopolitical
restructuring, through creation of states and local governments in 1967, 1976, 1987, 1991 and
1995; and the industrialization process between 1960 and 1975, which was based on import
substitution strategies and consumer market for imported goods and services (Ogundeji, 1982).
In Nigeria, the pace of Urbanization has been dramatically showing extraordinarily high
rates of 5-10 percent per annum (Egunjobi, 1999). Consequently, there has been rapid expansion
of Nigeria cities a real extent, which is now sometimes tenfold their initial point of growth
~9~
(Hawkins, 1958). A crucial aspect of this is that city growth and expansion in Nigeria has been
largely uncontrolled (Ogundeji, 1982; Ogunremi, 1997).
In many Nigerian cities, urban transport exhibits remarkable features. Several studies have
revealed these features of Nigerian urban transport (Frank, 2011). Among these features as
summarized by Oyesiku (2002:257).
Features of urban transport system in Nigerian cities.
95% of urban trips are by road. Out of this, about 70% of the urban trips are made
by public transport.
Inter modality of trips is limited to public transport journey by road based public
transport.
Ownership and organization of road public transport system are characterized by
haphazard and uncoordinated operators.
Complete absence of comprehensive and integrated urban mass transit public
transportation system.
Specifically poor condition of city roads which in turns shortens life span of motor
vehicles and high cost of maintenance (Torres, 2001).
Since Nigeria political independence in 1960, (Oladipo, 2011) notes that the country has
the lowest level of motorization in West Africa with as 4 vehicles per 1000 inhabitants.
Quality of vehicle registration data
Quality is a major factor for data collection in vehicle registration. In Nigeria, vehicle
Registration data such as vehicle license, car insurance, driver’s license, and other vehicle related
document are usually collected by officials of both the Federal Road Safety commission (FRSC)
and the state liaison office for both the federal and state government respectively.
Sometimes, the data forms are collected away from the scene. These data collected often
have problems including errors, incomplete information, illegibility due to poor handwriting, and
~ 10 ~
errors due to multiple data entries at various levels. The data obtained might not be of acceptable
quality.
Keller, (2001) defined data quality as accuracy, precision, timeless, and completeness of
the data. The various components of quality listed by Keller are ascertainment (completeness of
data coverage), consistency of coverage, missing data, appropriate level of detail, correct entry
procedure, and freedom from response error. Viva et al (2011) defined data quality as a set of
dimension which includes accuracy, precision, completeness, coverage, timeless, and consistency.
The most commonly observed attributes of data quality are data accuracy, data completeness, data
consistency, and timeless of the data.
AutoReg is an automated vehicle Licensing and Renewal system in Nigeria. It is a
proprietary, web based, business solution developed by Courteville Business Solutions PLC, to
address the inefficiencies of the motor-vehicle administration system in Nigeria. However,
AutoReg succeeded in helping government generate accrued revenue by using a designated
banking system for payment of tax and licensing fees but never solved the problem of security
and inspection of vehicles.
2.3
DATA ACCURACY
The vehicle registration data collected is of great importance and is the main sources of
vehicle identification information. The vehicle registration data collected recorded by the officials
of both the FRSC and the state liaison office includes;
The information about the vehicle
Characteristics of the vehicle
Residential information of the owner
Driver license number
Number plate
Vehicle Engine number
~ 11 ~
Chassis Number.
The duty of the official at commission/state liaison office is not only to collect data. But
the primary task of an officer is to create a file so as to secure the vehicle’s information and other
relevant information for updating, correction, renewal and tracking.
During this process, some critical vehicle data and evidence might be lost, removed, or
replaced during these routing procedures.
Therefore, the vehicle data collected and reported by the official may contain errors
(inconsistencies) and may not be of sufficient quality to meet the needs of Department of motor
vehicle inspection and transport division (MND). The accuracy of data is defined as a component
of quality as the ―degree to which the vehicle data is report is correct, both in terms of what the
collector reports‖. Accuracy includes verification of reported facts and care in making
observations. All errors in vehicle registration data, especially miscoding some data elements such
as vehicle owner, owner’s address and location, vehicle type, vehicle manufacturer/make, vehicle
model, chassis and engine number, vehicle’s plate number, and so on can lead to either inappropriate conclusions or inability to use the data due to lack of integrity.
2.4
COMPLETENESS OF TRAFFIC DATA
Rudman, (2004) stated problem associated with ―missing data‖. There might be many
reasons for the missing data in the reports. It might be a result of failure of the licensing officers
to report the data, failure to submit the report to central repository. Sometimes the data might not
be entered into the database during the process of data entry. It might be difficult to find data
entered in the system. Incompleteness or missing data usually occur when officers need to
perform urgent duties, such as wanting;
(i)
Objectively the traffic flow
(ii)
Help the injured
(iii)
Respond to additional high priority calls, or weather related factors and so on.
~ 12 ~
2.5
CONSISTENCY OF REGISTRATION DATA
Consistency can be defined as the uniform interpretation of data elements reported by
different Vehicle Registration Agencies. The degree to which data are free from variation or
contradiction. Consistency is also a measure of the extent to which a set of data satisfies a set of
requirements. The consistency problems stand as the major issue for statewide and a national
database system since inconsistent data make analysis difficult and are the potential causes of
incorrect interpretation. The Federal Road Safety Commission Report of 1998 identifies the lack
of consistency as being a significant vehicle registration data related problem and indicates that
consistency problems typically occur due to:
1. Significant differences in crash element definition and their attributes vehicles.
2. The difference of reporting threshold from one state to the next or within state.
Inconsistencies can also occur when different officers have different interpretations of how to
complete a form response.
2.6
FACTORS INFLUENCING DATA QUALITY
INSTITUTIONAL FACTOR
Lack of funding for such services as data collection, processing and so on.
Inadequate communication among various organizations in data collection and processing
in a state.
Institutional memory loss due to change of people who compose or operate the database
Failure to update data collection procedures as data needs and documentation vary over
time.
OFFICER RELATED FACTORS
Difference levels of importance given for reporting, administering vehicle registration
document depending on the personality involved.
Tendency to do least amount of work assigned.
~ 13 ~
Tendency to select and use only few codes from pick-licks, although more of them are
available.
Poor hand-working, misspelled or incorrect street names, etc
OTHER EXTERNAL FACTORS
Drivers involved hiding facts about the vehicle, or reluctance of owner to divulge
information.
Extensive time required filling out the vehicle registration form depend on personality
involved.
2.7
AUTOMATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
Rudman (2004) stated that information is the life blood of any law enforcement agency.
The accurate and rapid flow of information is essential for effective law enforcement. Without
information, police work would come to nothing. Without a fast and reliable means of obtaining
and communicating police information, manpower is wasted and police operations are degraded.
As the rate at which crime increased from 1999 through 2011 (75% increase in major
crimes nationally) so has the amount of information the police have to handle (The punch
Newspaper, 2011). It has reached such volume in most police agencies that information can no
longer be manually manipulated with any degree of accuracy and efficiency.
Automation can assist law enforcement to be more effective, particularly in relationship to
some major problem areas;
Reducing crime
Optimizing police manpower
Tracking vehicle online
Gathering information to locate owners of recovered vehicles but, one problem which
seems to plague all of the automation systems was the length of time it took to get data
into the computer.
~ 14 ~
Northrop (1995), in a study conducted in discussing the effectiveness of police computer
use and the problems that exist with the use. It was found in that study that the respondents in
forty-four cities across the United States view computers as a major force in the fight against
crime. This too could be applied in Nigeria if properly established and managed.
2.8
THE NEED FOR TECHNOLOGIES AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE FOR
DATA COLLECTION DURING VEHICLE REGISTRATION.
A variety of technologies have been tested and used by many law enforcement agencies in
Nigeria. The technologies used in data collection and processing include a variety of systems such
as optical scanners, mobile phones, printers, optical storage disks, portable computers, digital
cameras,
etc. The
current
computer technologies allow stakeholders
to
pay their
collection/renewal bills at the designated banks or existing offices, electronically transfer the
payment to the state agency account and provide deposit slips for the collection of receipts at the
state agencies. The use of online error checks, and subsequently the needs for reentering vehicle
detailed data not inevitable.
At the beginning, these devices was seen as the best solution to all registration problems
but that is not so. In fact, it only solved the issue of payment of vehicle registration dues because
the money now goes into government coffer.
However, it still has its limitation as they are yet to meet up with the demands to the
masses that spend endless time anxiously for their demands to be met at the licensing/commission
offices.
Hence, the full computerization have not been effected while technology and software
programming has advanced in other countries. Shall we continue to wait for the criminals to get
away with our stolen vehicle? Shall we keep spending endless time waiting on queues in which
have been divulged by corrupt practices of officials based on personalities? Shall we spend
~ 15 ~
endless time searching for owners of whose vehicle have been recovered, when software can be
developed to tackle such problems like these?
~ 16 ~
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In order to achieve the goal and objective of this project, the methodology of this research
is summarized under the following headings;
i.
Method of data collection
ii.
The technical perspective
3.2
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
Various data were needed for the successful completion of this research and several
methods were employed to collect relevant data.
3.2.1 Primary Source
Interviews were carried out with officers of various vehicle related offices like Motor
Licensing Authority (MLA), Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) and Vehicle Inspection
Officers (VIO) all in Enugu state and also extended to road users.
Officers like:
Dr. I. O. Nnamani, Director Motor Vehicle Administration Enugu
K. U. Eze, Manager FRSC: Nsukka Branch.
From the interview I got answers to questions such as:
i.
What is the primary purpose of vehicle registration?
To get the vehicle identified and to ensure that only those meeting safety standards are
on the road.
ii.
Is driving license compulsory for motorists?
Yes of course, for you to drive on road, you must have valid computerized driver’s
license.
iii.
What are the processes involved before driver license is issued?
~ 17 ~
The processes are:
Proof of ownership is required before registration of new vehicle.
Get a learner’s permit showing the passport of the applicant.
Fill a form for the class of license you apply for.
On payment of prescribed fee, go to the vehicle inspection officer (VIO) for driving
test with your driving test learner’s permit. If satisfied, then form ―O‖ ( a form which
indicates you are qualified) will be issued to you to fill.
Go to the license office to pay for the processing fee.
Sign the form so that it will be forwarded to FRSC for lamination.
It will then be returned to the Board of Internal Revenue for disburse
iv.
What are the problems associated with registering vehicles?
Vehicle registration has problem of e-license registration, that is; network delays in
course of registration, inspection of vehicle to ascertain the engine number.
The applicant or customer may not have sufficient money to complete his registration
therefore there will be delay.
3.2.2 Secondary Source: Consultation of magazines, journals, newspaper and library were
carried out and data were collected. Reference to important and relevant documentation of the
Enugu licensing office (No 12 Zik Avenue opposite First Bank plc.) were made, information
required to complete this study were also gathered from the Enugu State motor licensing office
board library. This information which was well detailed and comprehensive aided the course of
this project.
The diagram below shows the hierarchy of the systems functionality of a processed
vehicle licensing.
~ 18 ~
VIO
Registration
FRSC
Renewal
Change
Ownership
Distributed
Database System
Vehicle
Owner
E-payment
card
Fig 3.1: Hierarchy of System Functionality
3.2.3
THE TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE
The technical perspective of this project has to do with the development, deployment,
testing and maintenance of an online vehicle monitoring systems which are all software
engineering processes. Under this aspect, a web application or portal to automate and handle the
process of motor license administration is developed and deployed. The application will make use
of a database in which it will reside all entries of a license application.
3.3
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
The analysis involves all the processes that are carried out as regarding ordinance of
vehicle license. Before obtaining the motor license, the applicant has to first of all, present the
particulars of the car, which will be accessed. After that, he will be given a form to fill. The job of
issuing a motor license to the vehicle owners is the work of the Federal Road Safety Commission
(FRSC).
Without the issuing of this license, the car/vehicle will not be allowed to ply on the road,
and if anyone drives a vehicle that has no license, when arrested will be liable for prosecution by
the provision of the law establishing highway rules and regulation.
Therefore, for someone to obtain motor/vehicle license, the vehicle inspector must have to
make sure that the entire document on the person’s possession is authentic.
~ 19 ~
3.3.1 EVALUATING THE EXISTING SYSTEM
After evaluating the existing system we can conclude that the system is;
Ineffective
Tedious
Monotonous of its operation
Inaccurate
Inconsistent
Incapacitated
Unreliable
Unproductive
Substandard
Redundant
Having considered all these, it becomes obvious that a new online computerized system is
needed for vehicle licensing system in Nigeria.
3.3.2 EFFORTS AIMED AT SOLVING THE PROBLEMS FACING THE EXISTING
SYSTEM
Having itemized the problem facing the existing system, there is need for an alternative
system. This alternative system is a computerized system that will obviate the problem
experienced in the current system. The need for this new system cannot be over emphasized as it
is aimed at achieving:
Productivity
Effectiveness and efficiency by reducing work intensity
Less tedious
Speed optimization and reduced use of paper
Ease of update and maintenance of operation
~ 20 ~
Accuracy of computation
Consistency of data and reports
Productivity achieved through the optimization of speed and enhanced connectivity to
other stakeholders.
Enhancement of service delivery through prompt accurate and concise retrieval of
information
3.3.3
Helps in combating crime in terms of car robbery and snatching
SYSTEM MODEL OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
Since the system to be implemented is already predefined, it is assumed that based on the
problems actualized in the existing system, the new system is technically, operationally and
economically feasible.
3.3.4 SECURITY OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
The online system proposed had been fully equipped with contemporary security policies
to ensure customers satisfaction. Payment of the service is done through a designated bank.
Also, the forms when completed and submitted online, are not accepted completely
without validation to ensure compliance with security restrictions. In addition, the required or
mandatory field must be filled in other for the form to be accepted. These policies ensure the
security of the motor vehicle licensing system.
3.4
LIMITATION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
Presently, the mode of storage is both in manual and computerized form (digitized).
Owing to lack of proper database maintenance. Database recovery plan, coupled with the increase
in the vehicle registration, various problems raise their ugly heads in various fashions.
The problems are itemized below;
i)
Poor performance experienced during information retrieval, due to lack of efficient
storage of data.
~ 21 ~
ii)
Lack of proper, correct, accurate and concise information about the car owner.
iii)
Lack of proper and accurate keeping of information about old records that have been
stored for some time.
iv)
Lack of space for files and registers: the packing of old files and register sometimes
are destroyed in order to make space for new ones.
v)
Lack of review process: this is a situation where there is no avenue creation for review.
This hinders adequate maintenance of the system.
~ 22 ~
3.5
SYSTEM DESIGN
Start
Home Page
Enter as admin
or customer
No
Are you a
customer?
Yes
Enter admin
password
Error
message
Is login
password
valid?
No
Enter username
and password
Is login
password
valid?
No
Error message
Yes
Generate
License
Yes
Issue
License?
No
Delete
record
Yes
Delete
record?
Register
vehicle?
Yes
Perform
registration
Yes
Apply for
renewal
No
Renew
License?
No
No
Update
record
Yes
Update
record?
Change
ownership
?
Yes
Change
ownership
No
No
Help?
Generate
report
Yes
Query for
report?
No
No
Figure 3.2:
PROGRAM FLOWCHART
~ 23 ~ Stop
Yes
View Help
file
PROGRAM FLOWCHART DESIGN
The structure of the flow chart in figure 3.2 above describes the directional path in which
users link from page to page. The flow chart has the Home page as the root page which is the first
page encountered on opening the portal. The home page then links to the vehicle registration
pages, information pages, the administrator page and the help page.
The operations page comprises of the vehicle registration page, the renewal page, and the
change of ownership page. The administrator page provides a platform where the administrator(s)
of the website can manage information concerning the website. The help page provides guide as
to how to make use of the website.
3.5.1 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
The analysis and design of a system involve various methodologies. The methodology
used in the analysis and design of this system is the Structured System Analysis and Design
Methodology (SSADM). This methodology uses a systematic and structured manner to analyse
and design a system. The methodology which uses a linear life circle, divided the whole project
task into various stages or phases.
3.5.2 OVERVIEW MODEL
This is a logical diagram that shows the input, output, data store, process and report of
each of the various primitive subsystem of the various sub-system.
Below are some overview diagrams of the different primitive modules.
INPUT
Data
Store
INPUT
Registration
Sub-System
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.3: Overview model of registration module.
~ 24 ~
The input data into the registration module includes; ID, car Reg ID, owner’s first name,
owner’s last name, owners middle name, gender, marital status, owner’s data of birth, owner’s
religion, nationality, state of origin, address etc. These data also is processed, a report is generated
with an output which flows into the administrator’s sub-system.
INPUT
INPUT
Renewal
Sub-System
Data
Store
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.4: Overview model of renewal module.
In renewal module, the following are the data input. ID, car_reg ID, amount paid,
registration officer, state of registration, data of renewal, Expiration date etc. these data inputs are
processed in the sub-system, a report is generated and output flows into the administrator’s subsystem.
INPUT
INPUT
Data
Store
Vehicle
Sub-System
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.5: Overview model of vehicle module.
The input data into the vehicle sub-system includes ID, car_reg ID, vehicle type, Engine
number, chassis number, manufacturer, state of registration, registration officer, date of
registration, data of expiration, amount paid etc.
In this system, a report is generated with an output that flows into the administrator subsystem.
~ 25 ~
INPUT
INPUT
Administrator
Sub-System
Data
Store
Report
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Fig 3.6: Overview model of administrator sub-system.
In the administrator sub-system, the following data input are; the administrator pass code,
name, gender, Rank, address, phone number, e-mail address etc.
3.5.3 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL
This is a model that shows how the various entities in the hierarchical model can be
related. The relationships that can exist between these entities are as follows;
One – to – one relationship
Many – to – one relationship
One – to – many relationship
Many – to – many relationship
The relationships that can exist between entities are illustrated as follows;
Registration
Owner
Change of ownership
Administrator
Renewal
Licensing
Vehicle
Fig 3.7: Entity relationship model of Motor Vehicle Licensing System
~ 26 ~
From the above entity relationship model, there exist many-to-many relationship between
administrator and vehicle, administrator and owner, and owner and vehicle.
For the fact that many-to-many relationship exist between the entities, there is need for
normalization.
Normalization is the ability of normalizing many-to-many relationship to many-to-one or
one-to-many relationship, so that the activities that exist will be clearly shown.
Registration
Owner
Administrator
Fig 3.8: A normalized entity relationship model between owner and administrator
Licensing
Administrator
Vehicle
Fig 3.9: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
A normalized entity relationship model between vehicle and administrator.
In the above normalized entity relationship model, the activity that exist between them is
licensing.
Renewal
Administrator
Vehicle
Fig 3.10: A normalized entity relationship model between administrator and vehicle
~ 27 ~
In the above normalized entity relationship model, the activity that exist between the
administrator and vehicle is renewal.
3.5.4 DESIGN STANDARD OF THE SYSTEM
The standard of the design includes:
1. Design an input format that will enable the system capture all the necessary data on owner
and vehicle details.
2. Structure a database system that will store all the information
3. Design a well formatted output that will present information to both vehicle owners and
government agencies in a meaningful format.
4. Employ a top-down methodology in the design to enable a central control menu for
accessing other sub systems.
Input Analysis:
The input forms are designs generally based on the necessary data that needs to be entered
into the system. The data are captured through the keyboard and stored on a magnetic disk in the
database. The new system is composed mainly of vehicle and owner inputs,
Process Analysis:
Once the inputs are collected, the obtained data are processed properly for effective use.
The data processed is stored in the database as information for subsequent use.
Output Analysis:
The output from the system designed is generated from the system inputs. More of the
output generated is on vehicle information. This involves the resultant documentation generated
after processing of data supplied to the system.
The output here can be registered vehicles, customer’s details, license details, registration details
etc, change of ownership, renewal etc. These outputs can be generated as softcopy or printed in
hardcopy.
~ 28 ~
HOME
DBMS
OPERATIONS
REPORT
HELP
EXIT
USERNAME
PASSWORD
LOGIN
Fig 3.11: Home Page
This is the root page of the software; this page is the first page of the website from which users
can navigate to other pages. The home page contains the access login for customer and
administrator.
Database Management System.
Create Record
Issue License
Delete record
Update record
Close
Fig 3.12: Database Administrator Page
The DBMS page contains all the basic activities of the Administrator of the website. Here
if the administrator gains access to it can create, add, issue license and update records in the
database. Access to this page is granted to the administrator only and only if it is validated unless
access is denied.
~ 29 ~
Operations Subsystem
Customer Log In
Register
Vehicle
Change
Ownership
Renewal of
License
Close
Fig 3.13: Operations Subsystem page
This comprises the activities of the customers which include customer login and
validation. Registration of vehicle and change of ownership, also renewal of license can be done
here. Once a customer gains access to this page he can perform any of these operations as
required.
Report Generation
Licensing
Renewal
Change
Ownership
Other
Close
Fig 3.14: Report Generation Page
The administrator can readily generate report of activities based on requirements here by
querying the database for activities. Reports can be generated for licensing, renewal, change of
ownership and any other report that may be necessary or required by the administrator of the
website.
HELP
FAQS
About Us
Fig 3.15: Help Page
~ 30 ~
Contact Us
Close
The help page contains information about using the site and other necessary details for a
user to navigate and perform registration or any other activity. The help page also provides
contact information to the site administrator.
~ 31 ~
Vehicle Registration ID
VEHICLE DETAILS
Vehicle Type
Vehicle make
Year of manufacture
Vehicle color
Plate number
Chassis Number
Engine Number
Date of purchase
Ownership
Insurance company
CUSTOMER DETAILS
First Name
Middle Name
Last Name
Gender
Date of Birth
Marital Status
Street Address
Religion
Nationality
Town/neighborhood
State of origin
L.G.A
Phone number
Permanent contact Address
Next of Kin
Next of kin Mobile number
INSPECTION DETAILS
Inspection date
Road Cert. no.
Inspection Officer’s name.
SUBMIT
Fig 3.16: Customer Registration Form
~ 32 ~
CANCEL
3.6 FILE DESIGN
Files held in this database are made up of different data types. These are integer, variable
character, date, etc. Some of the files used are designed and linked with database. Below is the
database specification for the files used.
Table 3.1: Admin License
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
State of
registration
Issuing officer
Varchar
15
Not null
Varchar
25
Not null
Date of
registration
Amount paid
Varchar
10
Not null
Int
6
Not null
License number
Int
10
Not null
The automated licensing system uses mysql, myphpadmin and apache server for its database. The
database contains tables that hold important data and their specifications.
~ 33 ~
Table 3.2: Vehicle Registration table
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
Vehicle type
Varchar
15
Null
Vehicle make
Varchar
25
Null
Year of manufacture
Int
4
Null
Vehicle colour
Varchar
35
Null
Plate number
Varchar
15
Not null
Chassis number
Varchar
10
Not null
Engine number
Varchar
10
Not null
Date of purchase
Varchar
10
Null
Ownership
Varchar
15
Null
Insurance company
Varchar
40
Null
First name
Varchar
25
Not null
Middle name
Varchar
25
Null
Last name
Varchar
25
Not null
Gender
Varchar
6
Not null
Date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
Marital status
Varchar
15
Null
Street address
Varchar
40
Null
Religion
Varchar
15
Null
Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
Town
Varchar
25
Null
State of origin
Varchar
25
Null
Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Null
Phone number
Int
11
Null
Varchar
25
Null
Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
Inspection date
Varchar
10
Not null
Road cert. number
Varchar
10
Not null
Inspection officer
Varchar
25
Not null
~ 34 ~
Table 3.3: Change of Ownership table
Field
Type
Length
Null
Vehicle reg_ID
Int
5
Not null
Former owner first name
Varchar
15
Not null
New owner first name
Varchar
15
Not null
Former owner middle name
Varchar
15
Null
New owner middle name
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner last name
Varchar
15
Not null
New owner last name
Varchar
15
Not null
Former owner gender
Varchar
6
Not null
New owner gender
Varchar
6
Not null
Former owner date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
New owner date of birth
Varchar
10
Not null
Former owner marital status
Varchar
15
Null
New owner marital status
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner Street address
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Street address
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Religion
Varchar
10
Null
New owner Religion
Varchar
10
Null
Former owner Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
New owner Nationality
Varchar
15
Null
Former owner Town
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner Town
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner State of origin
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner State of origin
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Local govt. area
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Phone number
Int
11
Null
New owner Phone number
Int
11
Null
Former owner E-mail
Varchar
25
Null
New owner E-mail
Varchar
25
Null
Former owner Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
New owner Permanent address
Varchar
40
Not null
Former owner Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
New owner Next of kin
Varchar
25
Not null
Former owner Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
New owner Phone of next of kin
Int
11
Not null
Former owner Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
New owner Picture
Varchar
30
Not null
~ 35 ~
3.7
SYSTEM FLOWCHART
Input Data
Report
Input from the
keyboard
CPU
Disk
storage
Output
Figure 3.17: SYSTEM FLOWCHART
The system flowchart figure 3.17 above shows that the input data from users is accepted through
the keyboard. Data is processed by the central processing unit, which can be stored in the database
(disk). Data can also be retrieved from the database for processing as shown by the bi-directional
arrow. The output from processing is sent to the appropriate output device. Reports can also be
generated from processed data.
~ 36 ~
~ 37 ~
3.8
Top-down diagram
Motor Vehicle Licensing System
System driver
Operations
Subsystem
DBMS
DBMS Sub
system driver
Create
Record
Report
Generation
Operations Sub
system driver
Report generation
Sub system driver
Log in
Help
Quit
Help Sub system
driver
Licensing
FAQs
Issue
license
Register
Renewal
About us
Delete
Record
Update
Record
Query
Change
ownership
Change of
ownership
E-mail us
License
Renewal
Other
Exit
Exit
Exit
Exit
FIG 3.18: TOP DOWN SYSTEM DESIGN
In the above diagram, the motor vehicle licensing system have been partitioned into four
functional sub-systems; the DBMS sub-system, the operations subsystem, the report and help
subsystems.
The operations sub systems which are the users (front end) and the DBMS administrators
(back end). The front end consists of the user log in where customers log in and carry out the
~ 38 ~
registration of the vehicle. While the back end is a private access log in, for the system
administrator to gain access into the software and the database system for maintenance functions
and also issuing the user the license and other particulars required.
ADMINISTRATOR
REGISTRATION (USERS)
LOG IN
LOG IN
CREATE
RECORD
REGISTER
ISSUE LICENSE
CHANGE OWNERSHIP
UPDATE RECORD
LICENSE RENEWAL
GENERATE REPORT
LOG OUT
LOG OUT
Figure 3.19: FRONT END
Figure 3.20: BACK END
The diagrams (figures 3.19 and 3.20) above show the activities for the front end and back
end of the software. The front end contains the activity module for the customers for registration
subsystem. The procedure which involves log in, register, change of ownership, license renewal
and log out. The back end for the database administrator contains modules such as log in, create
record, issue license etc. The back end system is reserved for the system administrators and is not
accessible to other customers or users. This back end system demands for authentication and
authorization to grant access to the database administration.
~ 39 ~
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND INTEGRATION
4.1
Choice of Development Tools
The development tools are the necessary requirement tools used during the design to
enable us achieve the system design. The listed packages was used because of their features,
accessibility and also because it is more effective.
1. Macromedia Dreamweaver
2. My SQL database application
3. PHP scripting Language
4. HTML language
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Macromedia Dreamweaver CS5 integrates with Adobe BrowserLab, one of the new CS Live
online services, which provides a fast and accurate solution for cross-browser compatibility
testing. With BrowserLab you can preview web pages and local content using multiple viewing
and comparison tools. Dreamweaver lets you build everything from basic data-driven websites to
powerful online stores. Dreamweaver CS5 includes updated and simplified CSS starter layouts.
Dynamically-Related Files
The Dynamically-Related Files feature lets you discover all of the external files and scripts
necessary to assemble PHP-based Content Management System (CMS) pages, and displays their
filenames in the Related Files toolbar. By default Dreamweaver supports file discovery for the
Wordpress, Drupal, and Joomla! CMS frameworks.
Live view navigation activates links in Live view, allowing you to interact with server-side
applications and dynamic data. The feature also allows you to enter a URL to inspect pages served
from a live web server and edit pages you have browsed to if they exist in one of your locally
defined sites.
~ 40 ~
A Dreamweaver site provides a way to organize and manage all of your web documents,
upload your site to a web server, track and maintain your links, and manage and share files. A
Dreamweaver site consists of as many as three parts, or folders, depending on your development
environment and the type of website you are developing:
Local root folder
Stores the files you are working on. Dreamweaver refers to this folder as your ―local site.‖ This
folder is typically on your local computer, but it can also be on a network server.
Remote folder
Stores your files for testing, production, collaboration, and so on. Dreamweaver refers to this
folder as your ―remote site‖ in the Files panel. Typically, your remote folder is on the computer
where your web server is running. The remote folder holds the files that users access on the
Internet. Together, the local and remote folders enable you to transfer files between your local
hard disk and web server, making it easy to manage files in your Dreamweaver sites. You work
on files in the local folder, and then publish them to the remote folder when you want other people
to view them.
MySQL Database Server: MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications,
and is a central component of the widely used LAMP open source web application software
stack—LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python". The MySQL
Database powers the most demanding Web, E-commerce and Online Transaction Processing
(OLTP) applications. It is a fully integrated transaction-safe, ACID compliant database with full
commit, rollback, crash recovery and row level locking capabilities. MySQL delivers the ease of
use, scalability, and performance that has made MySQL the world's most popular open source
database.
MySQL is the database construct that enables PHP and Apache to work together to access
and display data in a readable format to a browser. It is a Structured Query Language server
~ 41 ~
designed for heavy loads and processing of complex queries. As a relational database system,
MySQL allows many different tables to be joined together for maximum efficiency and speed.
Some of the more popular features of MySQL are as follows:
❑ Multiple CPUs usable through kernel threads
❑ Multi-platform operation
❑ Numerous column types cover virtually every type of data
❑ Group functions for mathematical calculations and sorting
❑ Commands that allow information about the databases to be easily and succinctly shown to the
administrator
❑ Function names that do not affect table or column names
❑ A password and user verification system for added security
❑ Up to 32 indexes per table permitted; this feature has been successfully implemented at levels
of 60,000 tables and 5,000,000,000 rows (version 4.1.2, currently in development, will allow 64
indexes)
❑ International error reporting usable in many different countries
MySQL is the perfect choice for providing data via the Internet because of its ability to handle
heavy loads and its advanced security measures.
PHP: PHP is a server-side scripting language that allows your Web site to be truly dynamic.
PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Its flexibility and relatively small learning curve
(especially for programmers who have a background in C, Java, or Perl) make it one of the most
popular scripting languages around. PHP’s popularity continues to increase as businesses, and
individuals everywhere embrace it as an alternative to Microsoft’s ASP language and realize that
PHP’s benefits most certainly outweigh the costs.
~ 42 ~
HTML Language:
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the standard text-formatting language for
documents on the interconnected computing network known as the World Wide Web. HTML
documents are text files that contain two parts: content that is meant to be rendered on a computer
screen; and markup or tags, encoded information that directs the text format on the screen and is
generally hidden from the user. Some tags in an HTML document determine the way certain text,
such as titles, will be formatted. Other tags cue the computer to respond to the user's actions on
the keyboard or mouse. For instance, the user might click on an icon (a picture that represents a
specific command), and that action might call another piece of software to display a graphic, play
a recording, or run a short movie. Another important tag is a link, which may contain the Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) of another document. HTML also includes markups for forms, that let
the user fill out information and electronically send, or e-mail, the data to the document author,
initiate sophisticated searches of information on the Internet, or order goods and services.
4.2
System Requirements
4.2.1 Software Requirements
A windows XP or higher version operating system
SQL Server
Internet explorer
Macromedia Dreamweaver
PHP scripting language
4.2.2 Hardware Requirements
The software designed needed the following hardware for an effective operation of the
newly designed system.
1. Pentium IV system
2. At least 256MB of RAM
~ 43 ~
3. Enhanced keyboard
4. 20GB hard disk space
5. SVGA monitor
6. Mouse
4.3
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
System implementation is a collection of inter-dependent physical devices together with
their programming which provides the functionality and performance for which the system was
designed. It covers all the activities necessary to set the system that has been analysed and
designed to be fully functional to the users.
AUTHENTICATION AND AUTHORIZATION
The software is incorporated making most of the pages secured or protected which
demands only approved users gaining access to such pages. The secured pages comprises of the
staff pages, the user pages and the administrator page. The software utilized the PHP membership
to validate and store user credentials which help manage user authentication. Authentication is the
process of inputting a user name and password to gain access to a specified secured page. The
software also utilizes the PHP role management to manage authorization allowing the ability to
specify the resources users are allowed to access. It enables the treatment of group of users as a
unit by assigning users to specific roles and creating access rules for them. When a user requests
for a protected resource, take for instance, the staff page, the website will redirect the user to
logon page where he has to enter the required credentials, usually a name and password. The
membership ―validate user‖ method in the code-behind file checks the name entered and
compares it will all the names in the membership store, when it finds a match, it compare the
password entered with the password of the match found in the store. If they are both the same, it
attaches an authentication ticket to the response that represents the use credentials (the password
not included) and if not, returns the user to the logon page with an access denied message. If the
~ 44 ~
user is authenticated, the ―Isuser_In_Role‖ method further checks if that name entered has
authority to access the resource requested. It does this by checking the access rule if the user’s
role can access the resource requested for. If it comes out with booken ―true‖, then the user is
given access and the page or resource requested for opens and if it comes out with booken ―false‖,
the user is returned to the logon page with an access denied message. This procedure helps to
ensure that a user does not log in as an administrator and vice-versa thereby viewing resources
that are not meant to. It is also important to note that the authentication ticket issued to an
authenticated user remains active until the user logs out or the session expires.
4.4
TESTING
4.4.1 Unit Test
Developing a good and logically sound test plan is very vital to developing a bug free software
system. The unit test plan developed for the testing of this application is as follows:
Table 4.1: Unit Test plan
1.
Tested Data
Expected Result
Actual Result
Pin
To correspond with what is in the It corresponded with the pin in
database storage.
2.
3.
4.
User
name
database and was validated.
and Must be correct password given to The password was correct and was
password
the student by the admin.
able to display page for registration.
Administrator
Expected to login if and only if it is Was able to login because of correct
login
the administrator.
Queries
To view car information using Was successful
identity.
car_reg_id
5.
Data
connections To see if the interface is connecting Was able to connect to database and
and linking buttons to database and view other pages
can also display other pages.
4.4.2 System Test
This software has been tested with data and it is functioning well. This was done through
the use of properly selected input data; ensure reliability and accuracy of output. The test data
~ 45 ~
consists of formulated customer’s personal details and car details. The respective user names and
passwords, pin were used to login to the database, error message was displayed if the user name
and password and pin are incorrect.
All these varying data used in testing the system’s performance, gives the assurance that
the new system will achieve its purpose and objectives.
4.5
INTEGRATION
The general deployment process consists of several interacted activities with possible
transitions between them. The integration would be performed using visual web developer under
the visual studios 2008 package. This entails a web server where users can access the site using an
internet explorer of their choice.
~ 46 ~
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1
SUMMARY
In a great exposure, during the research work of this project, I was able to realize that the
consistent problem encountered is as a result of improper storage of data/information in the motor
vehicle licensing system.
This study explains well that the introduction of the online motor registration system in
motor licensing system in Nigeria will wipe away all human prone errors in processing and
increase the security of registered motor vehicles in the country.
This study shows that the decision-making process of the motor vehicle licensing system
offices depends solely on how well the records are managed and stored in the computer. It is now
paramount that security agencies such as police now have a reliable source of retrieving or getting
information on vehicles on the Nigerian roads.
5.2
LIMITATIONS
The software does not inspect vehicle. Inspection of vehicles is done by inspection officers
who then issue the owner road worthy certificate. This software does not process bank
transactions.
5.3
RECOMMENDATIONS
Having presented all that is necessary for a successful implementation of this research, the
following recommendations are suggested by the researcher aimed at improving and correcting
some lapses.
Licensing offices and departments should be well equipped with internet ready computers
to allow for proper communication. This will in turn make insurance companies to consider
operating online as well.
~ 47 ~
Epileptic power supply should be reduced since this is a client server system running on
the internet, which means the servers must be online 24 hours every day. All the processes of
motor vehicle licensing and registration cannot be achieved only online, therefore there must be
human inspection of vehicle under a controlled environment.
There is need to implement real time processing on mobile devices and tracking systems
to enable independent tracking companies have access to the licensing database, because this will
help in fast tracking and recovering stolen vehicles.
Finally, training of staff in the area of computer usage, this will help in correction, fast and
easy retrieval of records. The need to incorporate payment subsystem in the software is also
recommended to reduce bank queues. To develop and achieve good and robust software, time is a
valuable factor. In order words, time must be spent for such project depending on the software
engineering methodology to be adopted.
5.4
BEME (Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation)
The cost of this research project includes payment of transportation to various offices of
the government licensing agencies N15,000.00. The cost of 10 pages questionnaire documents for
about 200 respondents N5000. Cost of hosting a website on the internet N25,000.00. Cost of
procuring a laptop for programming N140,000.00. The cost of developing the documentation
report N7000.00 and cost of internet access N15,000.00. The cost of PHP software and
Wampserver N14,000.00.
5.5 CONCLUSION
The experience acquired from this project cannot be over-emphasized. It has really
bridged the gap between classroom paper work and practical work involved in software
development.
Furthermore, this project portal is still open for further studies and modifications to
increase its security and efficiency.
~ 48 ~
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bell, D. (2005). Database Software for Microcomputer Systems. McGraw-Hill Book Company,
USA.
Colby, J. & Wilton, P. (2005). Beginning SQL. Wiley publishing, Inc, Indiana, USA.
Edward, K. W. (1958). Road transport in Nigeria; A study of African Enterprise. Stanford
University Press, Stanford, California.
Frank, V. V. et al. (2010). Along a Long Road. Fulladu Publishing Company, Enugu.
Keller, J. J. (2001). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations Pocketbook. Academic Press,
Ibadan.
Oladipo, O. I. (2011). Road Transportation in South Western Nigeria, 1900 – 1960: its Role,
Nature and Impact on the Economy. Nicholas Brealey Publishing, London.
Ogundeji, G. O. (1982). The Economics of Transportation in Pre-industrial Nigeria. Gulf
Publishing Company, Lagos.
Pratelli, A. & Brebbia, C. A. (2011). Urban Transport and the Environment. Academic Press
New York, USA.
Rudman, J. (2004). Motor Vehicle Licensing Supervisor. Gower Publishing Limited, Lagos.
~ 49 ~
APPENDIX A
Source Codes
Index
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
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~ 50 ~
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<h2><b>Vehicle License</b>Registration System</h2>
<p>You are to make N5000.00 payment to UBA using a teller or
ATM. After payment, you will be given a card containing a Reg. ID and a pin. </p>
<p>You may use those details to login and register your vehicle.
</p>
<p>You can also request for a license renewal or change of
ownership.</p>
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<h4><b>Register</b> Vehicle</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
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~ 51 ~
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<h4><b>Renew</b> License</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
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<h4><b>Change</b> Owner</h4>
<p>If you are
looking for extreme, try speed racing that gives you a feeling of freedom and danger. Learn more
about it from this site. <a href="#"><img src="images/arrow.gif" alt="" /></a></p>
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<h3><b>Welcome to</b> Vehicle License
Registration</h3>
<p>You can register your vehicle, renew your license and change
ownership of vehicle. all you need to do is login with your Reg. ID and pin.</p>
<div class="img-box1"><img src="images/1page-img.jpg" alt="" />
~ 52 ~
<p class="p0">You can register your vehicle, renew
your license and change ownership of vehicle. all you need to do is login with your Reg. ID and
pin. You can register your vehicle, renew your license and change ownership of vehicle. all you
need to do is login with your Reg. ID and pin.</p>
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<h4><b>Login</b>
Form</h4>
<form action="login.php"
name="nlogin" method="post" id="login-form">
<fieldset>
<div
class="field"><label>Vehicle Reg ID:</label><input type="text" name="vehicleregid" /></div>
<div
class="field"><label>Pin:</label><input type="password" name="pin" /></div>
<div
class="field1"><label class="extra">Remember Me:</label><input type="checkbox"
class="extra" />
<em><span><input name="Submit" align="right" type="submit"
value="
Log In
" /></span></em></div>
<ul><li><a href="adminindex.php">Log in as Admin</a></li><li
class="last"><a href="">Forgot your Pin?</a></li></ul>
</fieldset>
</form>
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<li><a href="articles.html">Search Vehicle</a></li>
~ 53 ~
<li><a href="contacts-us.html">Terms and
Conditions</a></li>
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<div class="bottom">Copyright 2012. Vehicle License Registration System.<br />
Website powered by <a class="new_window"
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<title>Vehicle Registration Form</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
<option value="Smart">Smart</option>
<option value="Sterling">Sterling</option>
<option value="Subaru">Subaru</option>
<option value="Suzuki">Suzuki</option>
<option value="Tesla">Tesla</option>
<option value="Toyota">Toyota</option>
<option value="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</option>
<option value="Volvo">Volvo</option>
<option value="Yugo">Yugo</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Year of Manufacture</td><td valign="top">
<select id="yearofmanufacture" name="yearofmanufacture">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="2012">2012</option><option value="2011">2011</option><option
value="2010">2010</option><option value="2009">2009</option><option
value="2008">2008</option><option value="2007">2007</option><option
value="2006">2006</option><option value="2005">2005</option><option
value="2004">2004</option><option value="2003">2003</option><option
value="2002">2002</option><option value="2001">2001</option><option
value="2000">2000</option><option value="1999">1999</option><option
value="1998">1998</option><option value="1997">1997</option><option
value="1996">1996</option><option value="1995">1995</option><option
~ 54 ~
value="1994">1994</option><option value="1993">1993</option><option
value="1992">1992</option><option value="1991">1991</option><option
value="1990">1990</option><option value="1989">1989</option><option
value="1988">1988</option><option value="1987">1987</option><option
value="1986">1986</option><option value="1985">1985</option><option
value="1950">1950</option></select>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Vehicle Color</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<select name="vehiclecolour">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="AliceBlue" style="background-color:AliceBlue">AliceBlue</option>
<option value="AntiqueWhite" style="background-color:AntiqueWhite">AntiqueWhite</option>
<option value="Aqua" style="background-color:Aqua">Aqua</option>
<option value="Aquamarine" style="background-color:Aquamarine">Aquamarine </option>
<option value="Azure" style="background-color:Azure">Azure</option>
<option value="Bisque" style="background-color:Bisque">Bisque</option>
<option value="Black" style="background-color:Black; color:#FFFFFF">Black</option>
<option value="BlanchedAlmond" style="backgroundcolor:BlanchedAlmond">BlanchedAlmond</option>
<option value="CornflowerBlue" style="backgroundcolor:CornflowerBlue">CornflowerBlue</option>
<option value="MidnightBlue" style="background-color:MidnightBlue">MidnightBlue
</option>
<option value="MintCream" style="background-color:MintCream">MintCream</option>
<option value="MistyRose" style="background-color:MistyRose">MistyRose</option>
<option value="Moccasin" style="background-color:Moccasin">Moccasin</option>
<option value="NavajoWhite" style="background-color:NavajoWhite">NavajoWhite</option>
<option value="Navy" style="background-color:Navy">Navy</option>
<option value="OldLace" style="background-color:OldLace">OldLace</option>
<option value="Olive" style="background-color:Olive">Olive</option>
<option value="PaleGoldenRod" style="background-color:PaleGoldenRod">PaleGoldenRod
</option>
<option value="PaleGreen" style="background-color:PaleGreen">PaleGreen</option>
<option value="PaleTurquoise" style="backgroundcolor:PaleTurquoise">PaleTurquoise</option>
<option value="PaleVioletRed" style="backgroundcolor:PaleVioletRed">PaleVioletRed</option>
<option value="PapayaWhip" style="background-color:PapayaWhip">PapayaWhip</option>
<option value="PeachPuff" style="background-color:PeachPuff">PeachPuff</option>
<option value="Peru" style="background-color:Peru">Peru</option>
<option value="Pink" style="background-color:Pink">Pink</option>
<option value="Plum" style="background-color:Plum">Plum</option>
<option value="YellowGreen" style="background-color:YellowGreen">YellowGreen</option>
</select></td></tr>
<select name="ownership">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Individual">Individual</option>
<option value="Organization">Organization</option>
~ 55 ~
<option value="Para-Military">Para-Military</option></select>
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Insurance Company [If any]</td><td valign="top">
<select size="1" id="insurancecompany" name="insurancecompany"
onchange="getPolicyNumber()">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="ADIC INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ADIC INSURANCE COMPANY
LTD</option>
<option value="AIICO GENERAL INSURANCE LTD">AIICO GENERAL INSURANCE
LTD</option>
<option value="ANCHOR INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ANCHOR INSURANCE
COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="CONSOLIDATED HALLMARK INSURANCE PLC">CONSOLIDATED
HALLMARK INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="CORNERSTONE INSURANCE PLC">CORNERSTONE INSURANCE
PLC</option>
<option value="CRUSADER GENERAL INSURANCE LTD">CRUSADER GENERAL
INSURANCE LTD</option>
<option value="CUSTODIAN AND ALLIED INSURANCE PLC">CUSTODIAN AND
ALLIED INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="EQUITY ASSURANCE PLC">EQUITY ASSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="GOLDLINK INSURANCE PLC">GOLDLINK INSURANCE PLC</option>
<option value="GREAT NIGERIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">GREAT NIGERIA
INSURANCE COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="GUARANTY TRUST ASSURANCE PLC">GUARANTY TRUST
<option value="ZENITH INSURANCE COMPANY LTD">ZENITH INSURANCE
COMPANY LTD</option>
<option value="">NONE</option>
</select>
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2" bgcolor="#333333" style="color:#FFFFFF;
padding:6px">
<p>» Information about Customer:</p></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">First Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="firstname" name="firstname"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Middle Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="middlename" name="middlename"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Last Name</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="lastname" name="lastname"></td></tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Gender</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="gender">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Male">Male</option>
<option value="Female">Female</option>
</select></td></tr>
~ 56 ~
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Date of Birth</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="dateofbirth" name="dateofbirth"></td></tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">Marital Status</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="maritalstatus">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Single">Single</option>
<option value="Married">Married</option>
<option value="Divorced">Divorced</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Street Address</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="streetadddress" name="streetadddress"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Religion</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="religion" name="religion"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Nationality</td><td valign="top"><input type="text"
id="nationality" name="nationality"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Town/Neighborhood</td><td valign="top"><input
type="text" id="town" name="town"></td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">State of Origin</td>
<td valign="top">
<select name="stateoforigin" id="stateoforigin">
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Abuja">Abuja</option>
<option value="Abia">Abia</option>
<option value="Adamawa">Adamawa</option>
<option value="Akwa Ibom">Akwa Ibom</option>
<option value="Anambra">Anambra</option>
<option value="Bauchi">Bauchi</option>
<option value="Bayelsa">Bayelsa</option>
<option value="Benue">Benue</option>
<option value="Borno">Borno</option>
<option value="Cross River">Cross River</option>
<option value="Delta">Delta</option>
<option value="Ebonyi">Ebonyi</option>
<option value="Edo">Edo</option>
<option value="Ekiti">Ekiti</option>
<option value="Enugu">Enugu</option>
<option value="Gombe">Gombe</option>
<option value="Imo">Imo</option>
<option value="Jigawa">Jigawa</option>
<option value="Kaduna">Kaduna</option>
<option value="Katsina">Katsina</option>
<option value="Kano">Kano</option>
<option value="Kebbi">Kebbi</option>
<option value="Kogi">Kogi</option>
<option value="Kwara">Kwara</option>
<option value="Lagos">Lagos</option>
<option value="Nasarawa">Nasarawa</option>
<option value="Niger">Niger</option>
~ 57 ~
<option value="Ogun">Ogun</option>
<option value="Ondo">Ondo</option>
<option value="Osun">Osun</option>
<option value="Oyo">Oyo</option>
<option value="Plateau">Plateau</option>
<option value="River">River</option>
<option value="Sokoto">Sokoto</option>
<option value="Taraba">Taraba</option>
<option value="Yobe">Yobe</option>
<option value="Zamfara">Zamfara</option>
</select></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">L.G.A</td><td valign="top"><input type="text" id="lga"
name="lga" value=""></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Mobile Phone Number</td><td valign="top"><input
type="text" id="phonemumber" name="phonemumber" value=""></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top">Email</td><td valign="top"><input type="text" id="email"
name="email" value=""></td></tr>
</tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top"><span style="color:#cc0000; font-size:16px">Note:</span> By
clicking the <b>submit</b> button, the customer accepts our terms and conditions.</a></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</body>
</html>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$vehicleregid = $_POST['vehicleregid'];
$nfirstname = $_POST['nfirstname'];
$nmiddlename = $_POST['nmiddlename'];
$nlastname = $_POST['nlastname'];
$ngender = $_POST['ngender'];
$ndateofbirth = $_POST['ndateofbirth'];
$nmaritalstatus = $_POST['nmaritalstatus'];
$nstreetadddress = $_POST['nstreetadddress'];
$nreligion = $_POST['nreligion'];
$nnationality = $_POST['nnationality'];
$ntown = $_POST['ntown'];
$nstateoforigin = $_POST['nstateoforigin'];
$nlga = $_POST['nlga'];
$nphonemumber = $_POST['nphonemumber'];
$nemail = $_POST['nemail'];
$naddress = $_POST['naddress'];
~ 58 ~
$nnextofkin = $_POST['nnextofkin'];
$nphonenextofkin = $_POST['nphonenextofkin'];
$npicture = $_FILES['npicture']['name'];
$uploaddir = './regpic/';
$dt = date('dmy');
$tm = strftime('%H%M%S');
$new_file = $dt . $tm . $_FILES['picture']['name'];
//print $new_file;
$fileName = $uploaddir . basename($_FILES['picture']['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['picture']['tmp_name'], $fileName))
{
$imgUrl = $uploaddir . $new_file;
$res = @rename($fileName , $imgUrl);
}
$vehicletype = $_POST['vehicletype'];
$vehiclemake = $_POST['vehiclemake'];
$yearofmanufacture = $_POST['yearofmanufacture'];
$vehiclecolour = $_POST['vehiclecolour'];
$platenumber = $_POST['platenumber'];
$chassisnumber = $_POST['chassisnumber'];
$enginenumber = $_POST['enginenumber'];
$dateofpurchase = $_POST['dateofpurchase'];
$ownership = $_POST['ownership'];
$insurancecompany = $_POST['insurancecompany'];
$inspectiondate = $_POST['inspectiondate'];
$roadcertno = $_POST['roadcertno'];
$inspectionofficer = $_POST['inspectionofficer'];
// checking against posting empty form
if (($vehicletype =="") ) {
}
else
{
$query = "INSERT INTO vehicleregister (
vehicleregid,
vehicletype,
vehiclemake,
yearofmanufacture,
vehiclecolour,
platenumber,
chassisnumber,
enginenumber,
dateofpurchase,
ownership,
insurancecompany,
firstname,
middlename,
lastname,
gender,
dateofbirth,
~ 59 ~
maritalstatus,
streetaddress,
religion,
nationality,
town,
stateoforigin,
lga,
phonenumber,
email,
address,
nextofkin,
phonenextofkin,
picture,
inspectiondate,
roadcertno,
inspectionofficer)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid',
'$vehicletype',
'$vehiclemake',
'$yearofmanufacture',
'$vehiclecolour',
'$platenumber',
'$chassisnumber',
'$enginenumber',
'$dateofpurchase',
'$ownership',
'$insurancecompany',
'$firstname',
'$middlename',
'$lastname',
'$gender',
'$dateofbirth',
'$maritalstatus',
'$streetadddress',
'$religion',
'$nationality',
'$town',
'$stateoforigin',
'$lga',
'$phonemumber',
'$email',
'$address',
'$nextofkin',
'$phonenextofkin',
'$imgUrl',
'$inspectiondate',
'$roadcertno',
'$inspectionofficer')";
~ 60 ~
$query2 = "INSERT INTO changeownership (
vehicleregid)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid')";
$query3 = "INSERT INTO adminlicense (
vehicleregid)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
$result2=mysql_query($query2);
$result3=mysql_query($query3);
}
if ($result and $result2 and $result3) {
echo "Congratulations! Your Vehicle Registration was successfull!";
echo "<br>Name of Owner: " . $firstname . " ". $middlename . " " . $lastname;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Reg ID is: " . $vehicleregid;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Type is: " . $vehicletype;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Make is: " . $vehiclemake;
echo "<br>";
echo "<br>";
echo "<strong>Keep ur Vehicle Red ID and Pin Safe, as it shall be required for further
registration purposes.</strong>";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again!";
}
?>
</p>
</div>
<br class="clearfix" />
</div>
<br class="clearfix" />
</body>
</html>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// checking against posting empty form
if (($username =="") ) {
}
else
~ 61 ~
{
$query = "INSERT INTO adminlogin (
username,
password)
VALUES (
'$username',
'$password')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
}
if ($result) {
echo "The User <strong>". $username . "</strong> has been created successfully";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again!";
}
?>
<?php
$user="root";
$database="vehicledb";
mysql_connect(localhost,$user);
@mysql_select_db($database) or die( "Unable to select database");
$vehicleregid = $_POST['vehicleregid'];
$vehicletype = $_POST['vehicletype'];
$vehiclemake = $_POST['vehiclemake'];
$yearofmanufacture = $_POST['yearofmanufacture'];
$vehiclecolour = $_POST['vehiclecolour'];
$platenumber = $_POST['platenumber'];
$chassisnumber = $_POST['chassisnumber'];
$enginenumber = $_POST['enginenumber'];
$dateofpurchase = $_POST['dateofpurchase'];
$ownership = $_POST['ownership'];
$insurancecompany = $_POST['insurancecompany'];
$firstname = $_POST['firstname'];
$middlename = $_POST['middlename'];
$lastname = $_POST['lastname'];
$gender = $_POST['gender'];
$dateofbirth = $_POST['dateofbirth'];
$maritalstatus = $_POST['maritalstatus'];
$streetadddress = $_POST['streetadddress'];
$religion = $_POST['religion'];
$nationality = $_POST['nationality'];
~ 62 ~
$town = $_POST['town'];
$stateoforigin = $_POST['stateoforigin'];
$lga = $_POST['lga'];
$phonenumber = $_POST['phonenumber'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$address = $_POST['address'];
$nextofkin = $_POST['nextofkin'];
$phonenextofkin = $_POST['phonenextofkin'];
$picture = $_FILES['picture']['name'];
$uploaddir = './regpic/';
$dt = date('dmy');
$tm = strftime('%H%M%S');
$new_file = $dt . $tm . $_FILES['picture']['name'];
//print $new_file;
$fileName = $uploaddir . basename($_FILES['picture']['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['picture']['tmp_name'], $fileName))
{
$imgUrl = $uploaddir . $new_file;
$res = @rename($fileName , $imgUrl);
}
// checking against posting empty form
if (($vehicletype =="") ) {
}
else
{
$query = "INSERT INTO vehicleregister (
vehicleregid,
vehicletype,
vehiclemake,
yearofmanufacture,
vehiclecolour,
platenumber,
chassisnumber,
enginenumber,
dateofpurchase,
ownership,
insurancecompany,
firstname,
middlename,
lastname,
gender,
dateofbirth,
maritalstatus,
streetaddress,
religion,
nationality,
town,
~ 63 ~
stateoforigin,
lga,
phonenumber,
email,
address,
nextofkin,
phonenextofkin,
picture)
VALUES (
'$vehicleregid',
'$vehicletype',
'$vehiclemake',
'$yearofmanufacture',
'$vehiclecolour',
'$platenumber',
'$chassisnumber',
'$enginenumber',
'$dateofpurchase',
'$ownership',
'$insurancecompany',
'$firstname',
'$middlename',
'$lastname',
'$gender',
'$dateofbirth',
'$maritalstatus',
'$streetadddress',
'$religion',
'$nationality',
'$town',
'$stateoforigin',
'$lga',
'$phonemumber',
'$email',
'$address',
'$nextofkin',
'$phonenextofkin',
'$imgUrl')";
$result=mysql_query($query);
}
if ($result) {
echo "Congratulations! Your Vehicle Registration was successfull!";
echo "<br>Name of Owner: " . $firstname . " ". $middlename . " " . $lastname;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Reg ID is: " . $vehicleregid;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Type is: " . $vehicletype;
echo "<br>Your Vehicel Make is: " . $vehiclemake;
echo "<br>";
~ 64 ~
echo "<br>";
echo "<strong>Please wait for the Inspection Officer to process your Registration. Thank
You.</strong>";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error processing your registration. Please Try again! or contact
the database administrator";
}
?>
~ 65 ~
APPENDIX B
Sample Outputs
Home Page
~ 66 ~
Vehicle Registration Status Page.
~ 67 ~
~ 68 ~
