Parking Design
Content
PARKING BUILDING is a building designed for car parking and where there are a number of floors
or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car park.!
!
Functional Requirements!
!
The parking geometries like the size, height, and turning radius of automobiles, trends of
automobile size and statistical quantity must be taken into account.!
!
The streets surrounding the facility and their traffic flow must be taken into consideration when
planning entrances and exits and deciding on ramp designs.!
!
The entrances and exits are very important to the smooth functioning of the facility, with the type of
use again determining the length from the opening and placement of the entry booths, as well as
the quantity of entrances and exits.!
!
Natural or mechanical ventilation provides fresh air flow to disperse car exhaust in normal
conditions, or hot gas and smoke in case of fire.!
!
The operation and maintenance of a facility is very critical. Revenue control equipment and other
issues related to the smooth functioning of the garage must be taken into account during the
design process.!
!
Provide an area or room for the storage and maintenance issues. This area should be heated/airconditioned and contain a mop sink.!
!
Accommodate technological tools for future upgrades of operational systems and facility
expansion.!
!
Plan for a back up power system.!
!
Natural ventilation is always a good method however detailed study is required in some areas and
types of parking facility design to determine its effectiveness.!
!
!
Lighting is a crucial aspect of parking and type, placement, and quantity needs to be carefully
studied to provide enough light for the users of the parking garage and not to spill out of the
parking facility affecting surroundings.!
!
The design loads for car parks are often less than the office building they serve (50 psf versus 80
psf), leading to long floor spans of 55–60 feet that permit cars to park in rows without supporting
columns in between. !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
HISTORY!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
The Hotel LaSalle parking garage, constructed in 1917,
was the first high-rise parking garage in the Loop. Still standing at Washington and LaSalle today,
the multicolored terra cotta structure was designed in the architectural tradition of the First Chicago
School. The original ramp is still in use. The garage possessed complementary facilities such as a
car-wash rack on each floor and a repair shop on the top floor.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
T3 Parking Structure has transparency, light from a light well within, and a green roof as part of its
appeal in a residential neighborhood.!
The parking garage can also meet the standards of a living regenerative, and adaptive building.!
!
!
!
!
NREL garage at the US Department of Energy Laboratory includes a state of the art solar array. It
is exposed structural and architectural steel including a center light well for natural daylighting.!
!
SANTA MONICA PLACE PARKING STRUCTURE, California !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
zaha hadid: collins park garage, miami!
-tilted floor plates formed from the playful layering of the spiraling ramps creates unique vantage
points when viewed from different angles. the appearance is a manipulation of the inherent
components needed for building function. the intent is to bring the street experience inward,
generating a lively urban space.!
!
‘I’ve always been fascinated by parking garages, for a long time, I’ve been researching how to
bring the street into a building and make that into an urban space. our preliminary sketches
explored what a parking garage can become by simply manipulating the building components
inherent to the building type. these sketches progressed naturally into an expressed, continuous
vehicular circulation path which suits its purpose, yet provides a unique experience and even a
degree of fun for the user; a reflection of the city’s aspirations to create an environment that looks
beyond established utilitarian conventions.’ zaha hadid!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
P&R Hooggelegen in Utrecht!
!
The heart of the sustainable facilities reveals open spaces that are filled with trees. The open
space will also enable all-natural light and ventilation, reducing the general power expenditure and
the carbon footprint of the facility. An internal route on the second level connects the two auto
parks by bridges, passing commercial facilities and ultimately top users to the bus stop outdoors by
the principal entrance. The ground level is completely kept totally free for auto entries and exits,
taxis, buses and drop-off locations. The centre of each parking garages reveal large open spaces
filled with trees, enabling for organic daylight and ventilation by means of the open facades.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Miami’s 11 11 Lincoln Road.!
!
Miami is the home of meticulously sculpted
beach bodies and of course inspiring art deco
buildings. The 11 11 Lincoln Road, is a reflection
of both of these Miami staples. It’s staggering in
design and hard to keep your eyes off of. The
building is a daring, open-air design from
developer Robert Wennett and Swiss architects
Herzog & de Meuron. Asymmetrical pillars jut out
to support seven stories, which look like they’re
stacked like a house of cards. Despite the fact
that it’s raw concrete, it looks incredibly delicate.!
!
!
http://www.wbdg.org/design/parking.php!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-storey_car_park!
http://www.designboom.com/architecture/zaha-hadid-miami-beach-parking-garage/!
http://www.philapark.org/2012/07/outside-the-concrete-box/!
http://www.mylifescoop.net/design/eco-architecture-of-pr-hooggelegen-by-kcap-and-jhk-architects/
or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car park.!
!
Functional Requirements!
!
The parking geometries like the size, height, and turning radius of automobiles, trends of
automobile size and statistical quantity must be taken into account.!
!
The streets surrounding the facility and their traffic flow must be taken into consideration when
planning entrances and exits and deciding on ramp designs.!
!
The entrances and exits are very important to the smooth functioning of the facility, with the type of
use again determining the length from the opening and placement of the entry booths, as well as
the quantity of entrances and exits.!
!
Natural or mechanical ventilation provides fresh air flow to disperse car exhaust in normal
conditions, or hot gas and smoke in case of fire.!
!
The operation and maintenance of a facility is very critical. Revenue control equipment and other
issues related to the smooth functioning of the garage must be taken into account during the
design process.!
!
Provide an area or room for the storage and maintenance issues. This area should be heated/airconditioned and contain a mop sink.!
!
Accommodate technological tools for future upgrades of operational systems and facility
expansion.!
!
Plan for a back up power system.!
!
Natural ventilation is always a good method however detailed study is required in some areas and
types of parking facility design to determine its effectiveness.!
!
!
Lighting is a crucial aspect of parking and type, placement, and quantity needs to be carefully
studied to provide enough light for the users of the parking garage and not to spill out of the
parking facility affecting surroundings.!
!
The design loads for car parks are often less than the office building they serve (50 psf versus 80
psf), leading to long floor spans of 55–60 feet that permit cars to park in rows without supporting
columns in between. !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
HISTORY!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
The Hotel LaSalle parking garage, constructed in 1917,
was the first high-rise parking garage in the Loop. Still standing at Washington and LaSalle today,
the multicolored terra cotta structure was designed in the architectural tradition of the First Chicago
School. The original ramp is still in use. The garage possessed complementary facilities such as a
car-wash rack on each floor and a repair shop on the top floor.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
T3 Parking Structure has transparency, light from a light well within, and a green roof as part of its
appeal in a residential neighborhood.!
The parking garage can also meet the standards of a living regenerative, and adaptive building.!
!
!
!
!
NREL garage at the US Department of Energy Laboratory includes a state of the art solar array. It
is exposed structural and architectural steel including a center light well for natural daylighting.!
!
SANTA MONICA PLACE PARKING STRUCTURE, California !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
zaha hadid: collins park garage, miami!
-tilted floor plates formed from the playful layering of the spiraling ramps creates unique vantage
points when viewed from different angles. the appearance is a manipulation of the inherent
components needed for building function. the intent is to bring the street experience inward,
generating a lively urban space.!
!
‘I’ve always been fascinated by parking garages, for a long time, I’ve been researching how to
bring the street into a building and make that into an urban space. our preliminary sketches
explored what a parking garage can become by simply manipulating the building components
inherent to the building type. these sketches progressed naturally into an expressed, continuous
vehicular circulation path which suits its purpose, yet provides a unique experience and even a
degree of fun for the user; a reflection of the city’s aspirations to create an environment that looks
beyond established utilitarian conventions.’ zaha hadid!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
P&R Hooggelegen in Utrecht!
!
The heart of the sustainable facilities reveals open spaces that are filled with trees. The open
space will also enable all-natural light and ventilation, reducing the general power expenditure and
the carbon footprint of the facility. An internal route on the second level connects the two auto
parks by bridges, passing commercial facilities and ultimately top users to the bus stop outdoors by
the principal entrance. The ground level is completely kept totally free for auto entries and exits,
taxis, buses and drop-off locations. The centre of each parking garages reveal large open spaces
filled with trees, enabling for organic daylight and ventilation by means of the open facades.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Miami’s 11 11 Lincoln Road.!
!
Miami is the home of meticulously sculpted
beach bodies and of course inspiring art deco
buildings. The 11 11 Lincoln Road, is a reflection
of both of these Miami staples. It’s staggering in
design and hard to keep your eyes off of. The
building is a daring, open-air design from
developer Robert Wennett and Swiss architects
Herzog & de Meuron. Asymmetrical pillars jut out
to support seven stories, which look like they’re
stacked like a house of cards. Despite the fact
that it’s raw concrete, it looks incredibly delicate.!
!
!
http://www.wbdg.org/design/parking.php!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-storey_car_park!
http://www.designboom.com/architecture/zaha-hadid-miami-beach-parking-garage/!
http://www.philapark.org/2012/07/outside-the-concrete-box/!
http://www.mylifescoop.net/design/eco-architecture-of-pr-hooggelegen-by-kcap-and-jhk-architects/
