Quick Nursing Student Notes 2
Content
Normal Lab Values
Na+
K+
Cl-
BUN
CO2
Cr
LABS
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Bicarb
BUN
Creatinine
Glucose (fasting)
HbA1c
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Hematology
Hct (men)
Hct (women)
Hgb (men)
Hgb(women)
MCV
MCH
MCHC
Platelet Count
RBC (men)
RBC (women)
WBC
ARTERIAL BLOOD
pH
pCO2
pO2
HCO3
Glucose
Hgb
WBC
Plt
Name
Type
Function
Assessment
I. Olfactory
Sensory
Smell
Ask clients to identify different odors
using one nostril at
a time
II. Optic
Sensory
Vision and visual fields
Use Snellen chart
to check visual
acuity; conduct
an opthalmoscope
examination
III. Occulomotor
Motor
Parasympathetic
Extrinsic eye movements
Pupillary constriction
and visual focusing
Assess six cardinal
ocular movements
test pupillary reaction to light; test
convergence
IV. Trochlear
Motor
Downward and lateral
eye movements
Assess six cardinal
ocular movements
V. Trigeminal
Sensory
Facial sensation, mastication, anterior tongue
and teeth
Test corneal reflex
Test sensitivity to
pain, touch, warm
and cool temperatures
Ask client to clench
teeth and palpate
muscles, h ave client bite down
VI. Abducens
Motor
Lateral eye movements
Look left and right
VII. Facial
Motor
Sensory
Facial expression
Taste in the anterior
tongue
Smile, frown, puff
cheeks, and close
eyes; raise and
lower eyebrows;
check for symmetry
VIII.
Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
Hearing and equilibirum
Administer hearing
acuity tests, Weber
and Rinne tests
IX. Glossopharyngeal
Motor
Sensory
Swallowing ability and
gag reflex
Taste in the posterior
tongue
Test gag reflex, test
swallowing, confirm
rise and fall of soft
palate and midline
uvula.
Ask client to identify
samples in back of
tongue
X. Vagus
Motor
Sensory
Sensation of external
ear, pharynx, and larynx; swallowing; vocal
cord movement
Test gag reflex; assess client’s speech
XI. Accessory
Motor
Head movement,
shoulder shrugging
Push down on shoulders as client tries
to shrug; ask client
to turn head against
resistance
XII. Hypoglossal
Motor
Protrusion of tongue,
tongue movement
Have client protrude
tongue and move it
side to side
Hct
135-145 mEq/L
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
95-105 mEq/L
22-30 mEq/L
5-25 mg/dl
0.5-1.5 mg/dl
70-110 mg/dl
4-6%
9.0-11 mg/dl
2.5-4.5 mg/dl
1.8-3.0 mg/dl
40.50%
36-46%
13.-17.5 g/dl
12-16 g/dl
80-100 um3
26-34 pg
31-37 g/dl
150-400 x 103/mm3
4.6-6.0 x 106/mm3
4.0-5.0 x 106/mm3
4.5-10.0 103/mm3
GAS
7.35-7.45
35-45 mmHg
70-100 mmHg
19-25 mmHg
Insulin
Types of
Insulin
Examples
Onset of
Action
Peak of
Action
Duration
of Action
Rapid Acting
Humalog
(lispro)
Novolog
(aspart)
15 min
30-90
min
3-5 hours
Short-acting
(regular)
Humulin R
Novolin R
30-60
min
50-120
min
5-8 hours
Intermediate
acting
(NPH)
Humulin N
Novolin N
Humulin L
Novolin L
1-3 hours
1-2.5
hours
8 hours
20 hours
7-15
hours
18-24
hours
Lantus
(glargine)
1 hour
Long-acting
Cranial Nerves (CN)
15 min
Injections
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
90
45
15o
o
none
24 hours
o
Na+
K+
Cl-
BUN
CO2
Cr
LABS
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Bicarb
BUN
Creatinine
Glucose (fasting)
HbA1c
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Hematology
Hct (men)
Hct (women)
Hgb (men)
Hgb(women)
MCV
MCH
MCHC
Platelet Count
RBC (men)
RBC (women)
WBC
ARTERIAL BLOOD
pH
pCO2
pO2
HCO3
Glucose
Hgb
WBC
Plt
Name
Type
Function
Assessment
I. Olfactory
Sensory
Smell
Ask clients to identify different odors
using one nostril at
a time
II. Optic
Sensory
Vision and visual fields
Use Snellen chart
to check visual
acuity; conduct
an opthalmoscope
examination
III. Occulomotor
Motor
Parasympathetic
Extrinsic eye movements
Pupillary constriction
and visual focusing
Assess six cardinal
ocular movements
test pupillary reaction to light; test
convergence
IV. Trochlear
Motor
Downward and lateral
eye movements
Assess six cardinal
ocular movements
V. Trigeminal
Sensory
Facial sensation, mastication, anterior tongue
and teeth
Test corneal reflex
Test sensitivity to
pain, touch, warm
and cool temperatures
Ask client to clench
teeth and palpate
muscles, h ave client bite down
VI. Abducens
Motor
Lateral eye movements
Look left and right
VII. Facial
Motor
Sensory
Facial expression
Taste in the anterior
tongue
Smile, frown, puff
cheeks, and close
eyes; raise and
lower eyebrows;
check for symmetry
VIII.
Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
Hearing and equilibirum
Administer hearing
acuity tests, Weber
and Rinne tests
IX. Glossopharyngeal
Motor
Sensory
Swallowing ability and
gag reflex
Taste in the posterior
tongue
Test gag reflex, test
swallowing, confirm
rise and fall of soft
palate and midline
uvula.
Ask client to identify
samples in back of
tongue
X. Vagus
Motor
Sensory
Sensation of external
ear, pharynx, and larynx; swallowing; vocal
cord movement
Test gag reflex; assess client’s speech
XI. Accessory
Motor
Head movement,
shoulder shrugging
Push down on shoulders as client tries
to shrug; ask client
to turn head against
resistance
XII. Hypoglossal
Motor
Protrusion of tongue,
tongue movement
Have client protrude
tongue and move it
side to side
Hct
135-145 mEq/L
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
95-105 mEq/L
22-30 mEq/L
5-25 mg/dl
0.5-1.5 mg/dl
70-110 mg/dl
4-6%
9.0-11 mg/dl
2.5-4.5 mg/dl
1.8-3.0 mg/dl
40.50%
36-46%
13.-17.5 g/dl
12-16 g/dl
80-100 um3
26-34 pg
31-37 g/dl
150-400 x 103/mm3
4.6-6.0 x 106/mm3
4.0-5.0 x 106/mm3
4.5-10.0 103/mm3
GAS
7.35-7.45
35-45 mmHg
70-100 mmHg
19-25 mmHg
Insulin
Types of
Insulin
Examples
Onset of
Action
Peak of
Action
Duration
of Action
Rapid Acting
Humalog
(lispro)
Novolog
(aspart)
15 min
30-90
min
3-5 hours
Short-acting
(regular)
Humulin R
Novolin R
30-60
min
50-120
min
5-8 hours
Intermediate
acting
(NPH)
Humulin N
Novolin N
Humulin L
Novolin L
1-3 hours
1-2.5
hours
8 hours
20 hours
7-15
hours
18-24
hours
Lantus
(glargine)
1 hour
Long-acting
Cranial Nerves (CN)
15 min
Injections
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
90
45
15o
o
none
24 hours
o
