Saad. System Reservation Online
Content
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
System Analysis and Design
Page 1
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
1.1
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE SYSTEM THAT NEED TO DEVELOP
AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
Integrated Departure Control System with a very easy to use interface for rapid passenger check-in and real time access to the reservations system. Inventory, schedule, fares and agent control, provides a complete solution for airlines to manage their bookings and ticket reservations.
AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
RESERVATION
CANCELLATION
UPDATION
System Analysis and Design
Page 2
Diploma in IT Management
1.2
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) When you use the traditional system must take a more time. 2) The system is very time consuming and lazy. The system is more prone to errors and something the approach to various problems is unstructured. 3) Ticket finish at the counter because you late.
4) Ticket cannot book with called and must go to the counter to fill up form. 5) Must fill up more form for any own when you want by for many ticket (family group).
6) When to check back for the customer booking ticket very complicated because mush check for each fill. 7) Every from which customer fill up mush file, so need more file to documentation.
8) The old system very slowly because mush waits for quest and takes time for fills up from. 9) No have any counter open at other place because only have at airport only.
10) When customer wants check time for ticket they are mush go to the counter and check directly from counter information.
1.2.1 FISHBONE / ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM
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DOCUMENTATION PROBLEM
MUST FILL UP MORE FORM
COMPILATED TO CHECK BACK THE REGISTRATION BACK COMPLICATED TO CREAT ANY OWN MUST FILL UP FORM ALTHOUGH THE GROUP FOR ONE FAMILY ONLY
NEED MORE COST TO PREPARED THING SUCH AS PAPER AND FILE.
THE SLOW PROCESS TO BOOKING TICKET
NEED MORE FILE FOR DOCUMENTATION
CAN 扵 CHECK FIRST
SYSTEM SLOW BECAUSE MUSH FILL UP FROM CAN 扵 BOOKING FIRSTS
PROBLEM WITH MANUAL SYSTEM
MUST DIRECT TO THE COUNTER ONLY NOT HAVE ANOTHER COUNTER AT OTHER PLACE
LATE COME
SYSTEM TRADITIONAL MUST FILL FORM
WAIT FOR QUEUE
TICKET FINISH
TAKE TIME
1.3
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
System Analysis and Design
Page 4
Diploma in IT Management The objectives for Airline Reservation System are: a) Easy procedure to use for any customer.
COLLEGE MCS
b) Make it easy for travelers to check the ticket status or make changes to their trip.
c) The user invokes “buy tickets” feature from the ARS user interface. d) Provide flexible access modes to users from internet or telephone directly. e) Do the transactions for related easy to making ticket reservations, which includes blocking,
reserving, canceling and rescheduling tickets.
1.4
SCOPE
The scope Airline Reservation System focus on the online only, because with the system can make easy to customer used, get the discount when use the credit card and make a customer interesting with this system. Actually, Airline Reservation System is the best choice when you use this system because the scope focuses to the online reservation only. So the process for booking the ticket can make easy and fast. At the same time, Airline Reservation System invited the other’s people to used the online system and make it everyone can fly and happy with the system. In the system also providing the flight details in the system and show the flight bookings for a particular, date and time and also providing with a pin code.
1.5
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHOD
System Analysis and Design
Page 5
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
Structure analysis uses a concept called the systems development life cycle (SDLC) to plan and manage the system development process. The SDLC model includes the following steps: 1. System Planning. 2. System Analysis. 3. System Design. 4. System Implementation. 5. System Operation, Support, and Security.
Requirements
Analysis
Design
Cording
Testing
Acceptance
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
SYSTEM PLANNING
System Analysis and Design Page 6
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
The system planning phase usually begins with formal request to the IT department, called a system request, which describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business process. The purpose of this phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem. The preliminary investigation is a critical step because the outcome will affect the entire development process. A key part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews anticipated costs and benefit and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic, and time factors.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
The purpose of the system analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system. The first step is requirement modeling, where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do. Requirement modeling continues the investigation that began during the system planning phase. To understand the system, you perform fact-finding using techniques such as interview, surveys, document review, data and process models, and object models.
SYSTEM DESIGN
The purpose of the system design phase is to create a blueprint that will satisfy all documented requirement for the system. At this stage, you design the user interface and identify all necessary output, input, and processes.
System Analysis and Design Page 7
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
During the systems design phase, you also determine the application architecture, which shows programmers how to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The result of this is documented in the system design specification and presented to management and users for review and approval. Management and user involvement is critical to avoid any misunderstanding about what the new system will do, how it will do it, and what it will cost.
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTAION
During the system implementation phase, the new system is constructed-programs are written, tested, and documented, and the system is installed. The objective of the system implementation phase is to deliver a completely functioning and documented information system. At the conclusion of this phase, the system is ready for use. The system implementation phase also includes an assessment, called a system evaluation, to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs and benefits are within expectations.
SYSTEM OPERATION, SUPPORT, AND SECURITY
During the system operation, support, and security phase, the IT staff maintains, enhances, and protects the system. The objective during this phase is to maximize return on the IT investment. A well-designed system will be secure, reliable, maintainable, and scalable. Information system need to be updated significantly or replaced after several years of operation.
System Analysis and Design
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SYSTEM PLANNING
2.1 INTRODUCTION
During the system planning phase, the IT team reviews a proposal to determine if it presents a strong business case. The term business case refers to the reasons, or justification, for a proposal. A strong business case suggests that the company should pursue the alternatives, above other options, because it would be in the firm’s best interest to do so. To analyze the business case for specific proposal, the analyst must consider the company’s overall mission, objective, and IT needs.
2.2
EXAMPLE OF SYSTEM REQUEST FORM
System Analysis and Design
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Diploma in IT Management SYSTEM REQUEST FORM Department: Position: Email: URGENCY:
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Date: Submitted by: Title: REQUEST FOR: ( ) New system ( ) System need improvement
( ) Depend when the system develop ( ) Handle normally
( ) Correction of service error ( ) Immediate to repair the system DISCREPTION OF REQUESTED SERVICES (Attach additional document, if necessary):
(To be completed by the information technology department) ( ) Approved ( ) Modified (see attached notes) ( ) Rejected (see attached notes) Date: Assigned to IT contact person: User: Action:
2.3 EVALUATING FEASIBILITY
2.3.1 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
a. Can change the content every time in the system. For the flight name to fly the manager can change in the information for each time. Manager changes the price for each time or when the our company do the promotion for special prices at certain time.
b. When other’s people used this system, they can reduce the time for booking the ticket.
We can help customer to reduces time because there are can book at home. Airline Reservation System can make customer user so faster because the system easy to use. They are cannot come to the counter for booking the ticket and cannot wait for the quest.
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c. Check the validity of input data and give a feedback to the user in case of errors or inconsisten cy.
d. Reduce redundancy in the information required from the customers in order for them to buy tic
kets, create user accounts. e. Reduce effort and frustration for travelers in scheduling a trip, especially by reducing the searc h effort for the flight they need to take. f. Can reduce the arrow for book the ticket. Can reduce arrow with the Airline Reservation System because system check first what the problem when you are want send your form. Can avoid the double book ticket when use the system online.
2.3.2 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
a. The Computer unit to use for Reservation to customers.
We need the computer unit for my company because we want user the computer for book ticket online for the customer. We also need for check total ticket which already to book and balance ticket which not finishes to sale. User for calculate totals ticket and price for the customers. Need to changes the schedule and time for fight schedule every time.
b. Staff works to check the Airline Reservation tickets.
Need more staff for open more counter for book ticket Staff for control the time flight fly and the number of flight every time and change in the system.
System Analysis and Design
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c. Special software to create the new System for Airline Reservation System.
Develop system for process Reservation Ticket System for each computer. Software also to use for does the calculation the totals among ticket and for the ticket time and flight number.
d. Web site to booking ticket with Airline Reservation System.
Web site for to create email to book ticket online for the customer and other. Web site for our company to user for saves the information about system. This web site is private. Web site for information our company which the other people can open to take the information about company such as background. Web site for our company to back up the information and development system.
e. The few unit printers use for print the ticket. To use for print the ticket which already to book for the customer. To print the information the lattes about Airline Reservation System. f. Provide training for our staff to use a new system. Train the staff first before start to work because want avoid a problem in the system when the staff it handle the system.
For give information to staff for uses effectively the system.
g. Pay the outside worker to create new system for Airline Reservation.
Need are outside worker to create a new system for Airline Reservation System and create a new web site.
2.3.3 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
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NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Special
ITEM software for
the
System
QUANTITY 1 Unit 1 Unit 21 unit x RM 2500.00 21 unit x RM 500.00 21 unit x RM 1,200.00
TOTAL RM 200,000.00 RM 20,000.00 RM 52,500.00 RM 10,500.00 RM 25,200.00 RM 308,200.00
Reservation. New web site for Airline Reservation System. A few computer units. Printer for ticket. Thumb print to staff does reservation online. TOTAL AMOUNT
DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC FEASIBILITIES
a) Special software We need new software to develop new system for the Airline Reservation System because we want change the traditional system to use new IS (information system). a) New Web Site We need new web site to produces our product or services to the customer. We also can promote the services or product for the worldwide. At the same time, we can produce the procedure to use the system.
We can make the customer use our system very easy and can save the time.
This system can help any people use them every time you like. b) Computers Our company needs the computer unit because the computer use to running the system airline. We need computer to check the system run and check the total seat for the flight every day. Computer use for changes the schedule for fly and time to fly for every time and every trip flight fly.
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c) Printers Printer to use for print out the receipt payment for customer which pays the payment ticket. Printer also use for print the ticket reservation for customer when their book the ticket. d) Thumb print We need the thumb print for security the system, and only manager and staff duty only can log in the system for running. We also needed for staff log in the system for changes the schedule and time flights fly for every time and trip. We use thumb print for security the system from other people to log in the system. Actually schedule the system is very private and any people cannot open it.
2.3.4 SCHEDULE FEASIBILITY
System Analysis and Design
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TASK
Week 1 Wee k2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
DURATION
Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12
1.0 Initiating 1.1 kick off meeting 2.0 Planning 2.1 Suggest what system to develop. 3.0 Analysis 3.1 Analysis Design 4.0 Design 4.1 Develop system 4.2 Determine Application 5.0 Implementation 1.1 Implementation the new system
2.4
PROJECT ROLES
a) Organization chart for System Reservation Airline:
System Analysis and Design
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DIRECTOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
MANAGER SYSTEM SUPPORT & SECURITY
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
MANAGER WEB SUPPORT
DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR
PROGRAMMER
WEB SUPPORT SPECIALIST
NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION CHART
1. Director information system Manage information about Airline Reservation System and describe what the process to do for develop this system. Plan how to do this system successful running.
System Analysis and Design
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Diploma in IT Management 2. Manager system support & security
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For support the Airline Reservation System and create security for safety the system from other people. Do security which only opening by manager only not all of the staff. a) Database administrator To save the system to develop for Airline Reservation System.
Support data Airline Reservation System because cannot give data missing and
brooked. 3. System analysis Analysis the system for Airline Reservation System is the good or not for long time and what the benefit for system when to use it. a) Programmer Cording the software for Airline Reservation System. Develop their system to be running successful for their Airline Reservation System. 4. Manager web support To support web site for system because to protect when have a problem. Backup Airline Reservation System because same time forget something so have documentation to see back.
System Analysis and Design
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3.1 INTRODUCTION
The goal of systems analysis is to determine where the problem is in an attempt to fix the system. This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces and drawing diagrams to analyse the situation.
System Analysis and Design
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Diploma in IT Management
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Analyse project goals, break down functions that need to be created, and attempt to engage users so that definite requirements can be defined. Requirement Gathering sometimes require individual/team from client as well as service provider side to get a detailed and accurate requirements.
3.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST
I. OUTPUT Produces form of reservation ticket in online.
The system shall now display the price of the ticket for the trip.
The system shall require a user to register, in order to carry out any transactions with it ex cept for checking the availability of tickets.
Ask the user to enter the following details - class, one-way or round trip, departure date a
nd the number of adult passengers, children and senior citizens.
II. INPUT
Detail list about the booking ticket, date and number of person. Insert the user information such as id, a password, first name, last name, address, phone n
umber, email address, sex, age, preferred credit card number.
Logging in a userrigin city and destination city.
III. PROCESSES Do the calculation the total for the passenger. Calculation for the number of the ticket already to book. Calculation the total among the ticket already to buy for the customer.
IV. PERFORMANCE
How much the data can keep in the system airline. System Analysis and Design Page 19
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The program can handles multiple users, if more than one person attempts to same date to
the files stored in the data base Response time of the Airline Reservation System should be less than 2 second most of th e time.
Airline Reservation System shall be able to handle at least 1000 transactions/inquiries per
second. At any instant, a maximum of four nodes or users will be given access simultaneously.
V. CONTROLS Do the password for the account reservation and password to control the time for fly in online.
If the user has been a guest, he will have to first register and become a registered user and
then log onto the system.
If the user is already a registered user, and if he has logged on already, he can block or bu
y the ticket, but if he has been acting as a guest, he will have to log on.
In case the user buys the ticket, the system accesses his profile and charges the price of th
e ticket to his credit card number. So they have a security number for take care their information.
For the schedule flight and time fly all of the control by manager only, so all the system
like this have another password for caring out.
3.3 FACT-FINDING
3.3.1
Interview Person:
System Analysis and Design
INTERVIEW
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Diploma in IT Management • Dato’ Idris bin Jalal (Chef Executive Offices (C.E.O) of Airline
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1. What your advice when we need develop new system for Airline Reservation for our company? 2. When we develop this system, it is this system can support for long term? 3. Who the people we must focus it for system Airline Reservation?
4. Where we can get other information to create the Airline Reservation System? 5. How we can produce this system to the worldwide?
6. What you fill about this system and it is this system we produce is easy to use? 7. When you use the system, it is you fill can make you use faster book the ticket? 8. Where you can use the Airline Reservation System to book ticket? 9. When the time this system can to use for booking the ticket? 10. How to use this system and it is the expert IT only can use this system?
3.3.2 QUESTIONNAIRES
Questionnaires person: • Focus on customers.
Very Poor
Poor
Good
Very Good
Excellence
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System Analysis and Design
Diploma in IT Management 1 2 3 4
COLLEGE MCS 5
1
Evaluation of Airline Reservation System 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. It is the system very clear to use? It is the system running so faster? The services for this system are very good? How about the prices this system promotes to customer? It is this system can save the time to use? Are you like for the free side we promote for the certain time? It is the system is very interesting or user friendly? The system Airline Reservation can help you to do very easy? It is the system is stable for the future? The system can give you advantages when you use it? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Commend: ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
3.4
DATA AND PROCESS MODELING
3.4.1 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
1.
CONTEXT DIAGRAM LEVEL
BOOKING DEPARMENT
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Maintenance
Receive customer Request
Flight, booking Cancellation
0 AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
Passenger list confirmed list
PASSENGER
REPORT
Data store
Data access
DATABASE
2. DIAGRAM O LEVEL BOOKING DEPARTMENT
Booking enquiry Request for information flight / discount
1.0 GENERAL EQUIRY
Reservation request
2.0
System Analysis and Design
PASSENGER ENQUIRY
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PASSENGER
3.0 BOOKING COUNTER
confirmation & status
REPORT
Ticket
4.0 CANCELLATION
Information
Cancellation request
Acknowledgment
DATABASE
LOWER-LEVEL DIAGRAM
STEP 1: PASSENGER
Request for information
Required Info
System Analysis and Design
1.1 GENERAL
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Request
Information
Request
Information
Information
Request
1.1.1 FLIGHT ENQUIRY
1.1.2 FARE ENQUIRY
1.1.3 DISCOUNT
Request
Information
Request
Information
Request
Information
D1
FLIGHT
D2
FARE
D3 DISCOUNT
STEP 2:
PASSENGER
Entry of New record
Required info
2.1
System Analysis and Design
PASSENGER REQUIRY
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Request
UniquePNR
Info
Request
2.2.2 2.2.1 NEW PASSANGER
Request Unique PNR
PASSENGER REQUIRY
Request Information
D4 PASSENGER
D5 PASSENGER
STEP 3: PASSANGER
Passenger Request
Ticket (on the spot), acknowledgment (stand by)
3.1 BOOKING COUNTER
Booking Now
Update
D6 PASSANGER
Acknowledgment Booking later update
System Analysis and Design
3.1.1
3.1.2 STAND BY BOOKING
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ON THE SPOT
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Cash payment status
set status/ to confirm waiting
Acknowledgement
Entry stand date
BOOKING
Choose made Of payment Status (fair / not) Devit number status Credit numbers status pay cash status status CNO
BOOKING
3.1.3 MADE OF PAYMENT
DEVIT CREDIT
CASH
CHEQUE
STEP 4:
PASSANGER
request for cancellation
Acknowledgment
4.1 CANCELLATION
System Analysis and Design
update
D7 CANCELLATION
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Diploma in IT Management Acknowledgment
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Validity cheque
4.1.1 CANCEL TICKET
4.1.2 RESHEDULE
4.1.3 VALIDITY CHEQUE
Request For cancel
Acknowledgment
new date
Acknowledgment
Cheque validity
Status
PASSANGER
PASSANGER
PASSANGER
3.4.2 Data Dictionary
System : Airline Reservation Label : Social Security Number Type and Length : 9N Source : Employee Security : IT Department Date : October Order : Online Booking Default Value : None Acceptable Value : Any Positive Number User Responsibility : IT Department
SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1
OUTPUT AND USER INTERFACE DESIGN
System Analysis and Design
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Flight
Hotel
Flight + Hotel
Return One Way
System Analysis and Design
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4.2
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DATA DESIGN
4.2.1 ERD DIAGRAM
1 Flight M 1 Passenger 1 Syste m Chec k
Ticket
1
Onli ne
M
Onli ne
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System Analysis and Design
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N
Seat
1
Ticket
1
Recei pt
Travel
M
CONCLUSION
10.1
ADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. The work can be easy to use when a new system has. 2. The customer can book the ticket vary faster and can reduce the time, cost and energy. 3. Less staff needed for working, when use the system online because all the work can do
with system only.
4. Can give advantages for our company such as reduce bills for rent of office, reduce staff,
and reduce budget to buy paper for documentation. 5. Less personal touch and harder to sell for company.
6. Less risk of double booking ticket for one customer or delay payment because system
automatically checks before you send your book ticket.
7. Customer don't neet to leave home and they can book ticket find it easier in the system
online. 8. You can get discount when you use credit card to pay the payment for booking ticket. 9. You work to book ticket can be easy with have a Airline Reservation System.
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10.2
DISADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. Any staff must have inters access and computer skills to use Airline system. 2. Our company must pay the payment so many and expensive. 3. When the system have are problem maybe system must stop or system run slowly. 4. When the electric blackout system problem automatically all running program stop. 5. The customer doesn’t know how to use this system to book ticket.
10.3
SUMMARY
10.4
REFERENCES
Page 32
System Analysis and Design
COLLEGE MCS
System Analysis and Design
Page 1
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
1.1
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE SYSTEM THAT NEED TO DEVELOP
AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
Integrated Departure Control System with a very easy to use interface for rapid passenger check-in and real time access to the reservations system. Inventory, schedule, fares and agent control, provides a complete solution for airlines to manage their bookings and ticket reservations.
AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
RESERVATION
CANCELLATION
UPDATION
System Analysis and Design
Page 2
Diploma in IT Management
1.2
COLLEGE MCS
PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) When you use the traditional system must take a more time. 2) The system is very time consuming and lazy. The system is more prone to errors and something the approach to various problems is unstructured. 3) Ticket finish at the counter because you late.
4) Ticket cannot book with called and must go to the counter to fill up form. 5) Must fill up more form for any own when you want by for many ticket (family group).
6) When to check back for the customer booking ticket very complicated because mush check for each fill. 7) Every from which customer fill up mush file, so need more file to documentation.
8) The old system very slowly because mush waits for quest and takes time for fills up from. 9) No have any counter open at other place because only have at airport only.
10) When customer wants check time for ticket they are mush go to the counter and check directly from counter information.
1.2.1 FISHBONE / ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM
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DOCUMENTATION PROBLEM
MUST FILL UP MORE FORM
COMPILATED TO CHECK BACK THE REGISTRATION BACK COMPLICATED TO CREAT ANY OWN MUST FILL UP FORM ALTHOUGH THE GROUP FOR ONE FAMILY ONLY
NEED MORE COST TO PREPARED THING SUCH AS PAPER AND FILE.
THE SLOW PROCESS TO BOOKING TICKET
NEED MORE FILE FOR DOCUMENTATION
CAN 扵 CHECK FIRST
SYSTEM SLOW BECAUSE MUSH FILL UP FROM CAN 扵 BOOKING FIRSTS
PROBLEM WITH MANUAL SYSTEM
MUST DIRECT TO THE COUNTER ONLY NOT HAVE ANOTHER COUNTER AT OTHER PLACE
LATE COME
SYSTEM TRADITIONAL MUST FILL FORM
WAIT FOR QUEUE
TICKET FINISH
TAKE TIME
1.3
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
System Analysis and Design
Page 4
Diploma in IT Management The objectives for Airline Reservation System are: a) Easy procedure to use for any customer.
COLLEGE MCS
b) Make it easy for travelers to check the ticket status or make changes to their trip.
c) The user invokes “buy tickets” feature from the ARS user interface. d) Provide flexible access modes to users from internet or telephone directly. e) Do the transactions for related easy to making ticket reservations, which includes blocking,
reserving, canceling and rescheduling tickets.
1.4
SCOPE
The scope Airline Reservation System focus on the online only, because with the system can make easy to customer used, get the discount when use the credit card and make a customer interesting with this system. Actually, Airline Reservation System is the best choice when you use this system because the scope focuses to the online reservation only. So the process for booking the ticket can make easy and fast. At the same time, Airline Reservation System invited the other’s people to used the online system and make it everyone can fly and happy with the system. In the system also providing the flight details in the system and show the flight bookings for a particular, date and time and also providing with a pin code.
1.5
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHOD
System Analysis and Design
Page 5
Diploma in IT Management
COLLEGE MCS
Structure analysis uses a concept called the systems development life cycle (SDLC) to plan and manage the system development process. The SDLC model includes the following steps: 1. System Planning. 2. System Analysis. 3. System Design. 4. System Implementation. 5. System Operation, Support, and Security.
Requirements
Analysis
Design
Cording
Testing
Acceptance
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
SYSTEM PLANNING
System Analysis and Design Page 6
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COLLEGE MCS
The system planning phase usually begins with formal request to the IT department, called a system request, which describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business process. The purpose of this phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem. The preliminary investigation is a critical step because the outcome will affect the entire development process. A key part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews anticipated costs and benefit and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic, and time factors.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
The purpose of the system analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system. The first step is requirement modeling, where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do. Requirement modeling continues the investigation that began during the system planning phase. To understand the system, you perform fact-finding using techniques such as interview, surveys, document review, data and process models, and object models.
SYSTEM DESIGN
The purpose of the system design phase is to create a blueprint that will satisfy all documented requirement for the system. At this stage, you design the user interface and identify all necessary output, input, and processes.
System Analysis and Design Page 7
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COLLEGE MCS
During the systems design phase, you also determine the application architecture, which shows programmers how to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The result of this is documented in the system design specification and presented to management and users for review and approval. Management and user involvement is critical to avoid any misunderstanding about what the new system will do, how it will do it, and what it will cost.
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTAION
During the system implementation phase, the new system is constructed-programs are written, tested, and documented, and the system is installed. The objective of the system implementation phase is to deliver a completely functioning and documented information system. At the conclusion of this phase, the system is ready for use. The system implementation phase also includes an assessment, called a system evaluation, to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs and benefits are within expectations.
SYSTEM OPERATION, SUPPORT, AND SECURITY
During the system operation, support, and security phase, the IT staff maintains, enhances, and protects the system. The objective during this phase is to maximize return on the IT investment. A well-designed system will be secure, reliable, maintainable, and scalable. Information system need to be updated significantly or replaced after several years of operation.
System Analysis and Design
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SYSTEM PLANNING
2.1 INTRODUCTION
During the system planning phase, the IT team reviews a proposal to determine if it presents a strong business case. The term business case refers to the reasons, or justification, for a proposal. A strong business case suggests that the company should pursue the alternatives, above other options, because it would be in the firm’s best interest to do so. To analyze the business case for specific proposal, the analyst must consider the company’s overall mission, objective, and IT needs.
2.2
EXAMPLE OF SYSTEM REQUEST FORM
System Analysis and Design
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Diploma in IT Management SYSTEM REQUEST FORM Department: Position: Email: URGENCY:
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Date: Submitted by: Title: REQUEST FOR: ( ) New system ( ) System need improvement
( ) Depend when the system develop ( ) Handle normally
( ) Correction of service error ( ) Immediate to repair the system DISCREPTION OF REQUESTED SERVICES (Attach additional document, if necessary):
(To be completed by the information technology department) ( ) Approved ( ) Modified (see attached notes) ( ) Rejected (see attached notes) Date: Assigned to IT contact person: User: Action:
2.3 EVALUATING FEASIBILITY
2.3.1 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
a. Can change the content every time in the system. For the flight name to fly the manager can change in the information for each time. Manager changes the price for each time or when the our company do the promotion for special prices at certain time.
b. When other’s people used this system, they can reduce the time for booking the ticket.
We can help customer to reduces time because there are can book at home. Airline Reservation System can make customer user so faster because the system easy to use. They are cannot come to the counter for booking the ticket and cannot wait for the quest.
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c. Check the validity of input data and give a feedback to the user in case of errors or inconsisten cy.
d. Reduce redundancy in the information required from the customers in order for them to buy tic
kets, create user accounts. e. Reduce effort and frustration for travelers in scheduling a trip, especially by reducing the searc h effort for the flight they need to take. f. Can reduce the arrow for book the ticket. Can reduce arrow with the Airline Reservation System because system check first what the problem when you are want send your form. Can avoid the double book ticket when use the system online.
2.3.2 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
a. The Computer unit to use for Reservation to customers.
We need the computer unit for my company because we want user the computer for book ticket online for the customer. We also need for check total ticket which already to book and balance ticket which not finishes to sale. User for calculate totals ticket and price for the customers. Need to changes the schedule and time for fight schedule every time.
b. Staff works to check the Airline Reservation tickets.
Need more staff for open more counter for book ticket Staff for control the time flight fly and the number of flight every time and change in the system.
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c. Special software to create the new System for Airline Reservation System.
Develop system for process Reservation Ticket System for each computer. Software also to use for does the calculation the totals among ticket and for the ticket time and flight number.
d. Web site to booking ticket with Airline Reservation System.
Web site for to create email to book ticket online for the customer and other. Web site for our company to user for saves the information about system. This web site is private. Web site for information our company which the other people can open to take the information about company such as background. Web site for our company to back up the information and development system.
e. The few unit printers use for print the ticket. To use for print the ticket which already to book for the customer. To print the information the lattes about Airline Reservation System. f. Provide training for our staff to use a new system. Train the staff first before start to work because want avoid a problem in the system when the staff it handle the system.
For give information to staff for uses effectively the system.
g. Pay the outside worker to create new system for Airline Reservation.
Need are outside worker to create a new system for Airline Reservation System and create a new web site.
2.3.3 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
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NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Special
ITEM software for
the
System
QUANTITY 1 Unit 1 Unit 21 unit x RM 2500.00 21 unit x RM 500.00 21 unit x RM 1,200.00
TOTAL RM 200,000.00 RM 20,000.00 RM 52,500.00 RM 10,500.00 RM 25,200.00 RM 308,200.00
Reservation. New web site for Airline Reservation System. A few computer units. Printer for ticket. Thumb print to staff does reservation online. TOTAL AMOUNT
DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC FEASIBILITIES
a) Special software We need new software to develop new system for the Airline Reservation System because we want change the traditional system to use new IS (information system). a) New Web Site We need new web site to produces our product or services to the customer. We also can promote the services or product for the worldwide. At the same time, we can produce the procedure to use the system.
We can make the customer use our system very easy and can save the time.
This system can help any people use them every time you like. b) Computers Our company needs the computer unit because the computer use to running the system airline. We need computer to check the system run and check the total seat for the flight every day. Computer use for changes the schedule for fly and time to fly for every time and every trip flight fly.
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c) Printers Printer to use for print out the receipt payment for customer which pays the payment ticket. Printer also use for print the ticket reservation for customer when their book the ticket. d) Thumb print We need the thumb print for security the system, and only manager and staff duty only can log in the system for running. We also needed for staff log in the system for changes the schedule and time flights fly for every time and trip. We use thumb print for security the system from other people to log in the system. Actually schedule the system is very private and any people cannot open it.
2.3.4 SCHEDULE FEASIBILITY
System Analysis and Design
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TASK
Week 1 Wee k2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
DURATION
Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12
1.0 Initiating 1.1 kick off meeting 2.0 Planning 2.1 Suggest what system to develop. 3.0 Analysis 3.1 Analysis Design 4.0 Design 4.1 Develop system 4.2 Determine Application 5.0 Implementation 1.1 Implementation the new system
2.4
PROJECT ROLES
a) Organization chart for System Reservation Airline:
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DIRECTOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
MANAGER SYSTEM SUPPORT & SECURITY
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
MANAGER WEB SUPPORT
DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR
PROGRAMMER
WEB SUPPORT SPECIALIST
NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION CHART
1. Director information system Manage information about Airline Reservation System and describe what the process to do for develop this system. Plan how to do this system successful running.
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Diploma in IT Management 2. Manager system support & security
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For support the Airline Reservation System and create security for safety the system from other people. Do security which only opening by manager only not all of the staff. a) Database administrator To save the system to develop for Airline Reservation System.
Support data Airline Reservation System because cannot give data missing and
brooked. 3. System analysis Analysis the system for Airline Reservation System is the good or not for long time and what the benefit for system when to use it. a) Programmer Cording the software for Airline Reservation System. Develop their system to be running successful for their Airline Reservation System. 4. Manager web support To support web site for system because to protect when have a problem. Backup Airline Reservation System because same time forget something so have documentation to see back.
System Analysis and Design
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3.1 INTRODUCTION
The goal of systems analysis is to determine where the problem is in an attempt to fix the system. This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces and drawing diagrams to analyse the situation.
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Analyse project goals, break down functions that need to be created, and attempt to engage users so that definite requirements can be defined. Requirement Gathering sometimes require individual/team from client as well as service provider side to get a detailed and accurate requirements.
3.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST
I. OUTPUT Produces form of reservation ticket in online.
The system shall now display the price of the ticket for the trip.
The system shall require a user to register, in order to carry out any transactions with it ex cept for checking the availability of tickets.
Ask the user to enter the following details - class, one-way or round trip, departure date a
nd the number of adult passengers, children and senior citizens.
II. INPUT
Detail list about the booking ticket, date and number of person. Insert the user information such as id, a password, first name, last name, address, phone n
umber, email address, sex, age, preferred credit card number.
Logging in a userrigin city and destination city.
III. PROCESSES Do the calculation the total for the passenger. Calculation for the number of the ticket already to book. Calculation the total among the ticket already to buy for the customer.
IV. PERFORMANCE
How much the data can keep in the system airline. System Analysis and Design Page 19
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The program can handles multiple users, if more than one person attempts to same date to
the files stored in the data base Response time of the Airline Reservation System should be less than 2 second most of th e time.
Airline Reservation System shall be able to handle at least 1000 transactions/inquiries per
second. At any instant, a maximum of four nodes or users will be given access simultaneously.
V. CONTROLS Do the password for the account reservation and password to control the time for fly in online.
If the user has been a guest, he will have to first register and become a registered user and
then log onto the system.
If the user is already a registered user, and if he has logged on already, he can block or bu
y the ticket, but if he has been acting as a guest, he will have to log on.
In case the user buys the ticket, the system accesses his profile and charges the price of th
e ticket to his credit card number. So they have a security number for take care their information.
For the schedule flight and time fly all of the control by manager only, so all the system
like this have another password for caring out.
3.3 FACT-FINDING
3.3.1
Interview Person:
System Analysis and Design
INTERVIEW
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Diploma in IT Management • Dato’ Idris bin Jalal (Chef Executive Offices (C.E.O) of Airline
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1. What your advice when we need develop new system for Airline Reservation for our company? 2. When we develop this system, it is this system can support for long term? 3. Who the people we must focus it for system Airline Reservation?
4. Where we can get other information to create the Airline Reservation System? 5. How we can produce this system to the worldwide?
6. What you fill about this system and it is this system we produce is easy to use? 7. When you use the system, it is you fill can make you use faster book the ticket? 8. Where you can use the Airline Reservation System to book ticket? 9. When the time this system can to use for booking the ticket? 10. How to use this system and it is the expert IT only can use this system?
3.3.2 QUESTIONNAIRES
Questionnaires person: • Focus on customers.
Very Poor
Poor
Good
Very Good
Excellence
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System Analysis and Design
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1
Evaluation of Airline Reservation System 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. It is the system very clear to use? It is the system running so faster? The services for this system are very good? How about the prices this system promotes to customer? It is this system can save the time to use? Are you like for the free side we promote for the certain time? It is the system is very interesting or user friendly? The system Airline Reservation can help you to do very easy? It is the system is stable for the future? The system can give you advantages when you use it? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Commend: ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
3.4
DATA AND PROCESS MODELING
3.4.1 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
1.
CONTEXT DIAGRAM LEVEL
BOOKING DEPARMENT
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Maintenance
Receive customer Request
Flight, booking Cancellation
0 AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
Passenger list confirmed list
PASSENGER
REPORT
Data store
Data access
DATABASE
2. DIAGRAM O LEVEL BOOKING DEPARTMENT
Booking enquiry Request for information flight / discount
1.0 GENERAL EQUIRY
Reservation request
2.0
System Analysis and Design
PASSENGER ENQUIRY
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PASSENGER
3.0 BOOKING COUNTER
confirmation & status
REPORT
Ticket
4.0 CANCELLATION
Information
Cancellation request
Acknowledgment
DATABASE
LOWER-LEVEL DIAGRAM
STEP 1: PASSENGER
Request for information
Required Info
System Analysis and Design
1.1 GENERAL
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Request
Information
Request
Information
Information
Request
1.1.1 FLIGHT ENQUIRY
1.1.2 FARE ENQUIRY
1.1.3 DISCOUNT
Request
Information
Request
Information
Request
Information
D1
FLIGHT
D2
FARE
D3 DISCOUNT
STEP 2:
PASSENGER
Entry of New record
Required info
2.1
System Analysis and Design
PASSENGER REQUIRY
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Request
UniquePNR
Info
Request
2.2.2 2.2.1 NEW PASSANGER
Request Unique PNR
PASSENGER REQUIRY
Request Information
D4 PASSENGER
D5 PASSENGER
STEP 3: PASSANGER
Passenger Request
Ticket (on the spot), acknowledgment (stand by)
3.1 BOOKING COUNTER
Booking Now
Update
D6 PASSANGER
Acknowledgment Booking later update
System Analysis and Design
3.1.1
3.1.2 STAND BY BOOKING
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ON THE SPOT
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Cash payment status
set status/ to confirm waiting
Acknowledgement
Entry stand date
BOOKING
Choose made Of payment Status (fair / not) Devit number status Credit numbers status pay cash status status CNO
BOOKING
3.1.3 MADE OF PAYMENT
DEVIT CREDIT
CASH
CHEQUE
STEP 4:
PASSANGER
request for cancellation
Acknowledgment
4.1 CANCELLATION
System Analysis and Design
update
D7 CANCELLATION
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Diploma in IT Management Acknowledgment
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Validity cheque
4.1.1 CANCEL TICKET
4.1.2 RESHEDULE
4.1.3 VALIDITY CHEQUE
Request For cancel
Acknowledgment
new date
Acknowledgment
Cheque validity
Status
PASSANGER
PASSANGER
PASSANGER
3.4.2 Data Dictionary
System : Airline Reservation Label : Social Security Number Type and Length : 9N Source : Employee Security : IT Department Date : October Order : Online Booking Default Value : None Acceptable Value : Any Positive Number User Responsibility : IT Department
SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1
OUTPUT AND USER INTERFACE DESIGN
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Flight
Hotel
Flight + Hotel
Return One Way
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4.2
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DATA DESIGN
4.2.1 ERD DIAGRAM
1 Flight M 1 Passenger 1 Syste m Chec k
Ticket
1
Onli ne
M
Onli ne
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N
Seat
1
Ticket
1
Recei pt
Travel
M
CONCLUSION
10.1
ADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. The work can be easy to use when a new system has. 2. The customer can book the ticket vary faster and can reduce the time, cost and energy. 3. Less staff needed for working, when use the system online because all the work can do
with system only.
4. Can give advantages for our company such as reduce bills for rent of office, reduce staff,
and reduce budget to buy paper for documentation. 5. Less personal touch and harder to sell for company.
6. Less risk of double booking ticket for one customer or delay payment because system
automatically checks before you send your book ticket.
7. Customer don't neet to leave home and they can book ticket find it easier in the system
online. 8. You can get discount when you use credit card to pay the payment for booking ticket. 9. You work to book ticket can be easy with have a Airline Reservation System.
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10.2
DISADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. Any staff must have inters access and computer skills to use Airline system. 2. Our company must pay the payment so many and expensive. 3. When the system have are problem maybe system must stop or system run slowly. 4. When the electric blackout system problem automatically all running program stop. 5. The customer doesn’t know how to use this system to book ticket.
10.3
SUMMARY
10.4
REFERENCES
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System Analysis and Design
