Stine and Foster ques/ans
Content
Chapter -3 Ans -6 Pie Chart, Bar chart, Pareto chart Ans-24 Based on the given chart, lighting accounts for 37% of household electricity which is highest among all other components. So, even a small saving in electricity use in lighting will have high impact. Ans- 30 To summarise the given data in a pie chart, we need to add 12% in “Others” as we don’t know which operators are accounted in this 12% which is required to complete the data 100%
Share(%)
Cingular 12 11 24 27 26 Verizon Sprint T-Mobile
Company Cingular Verizon Sprint T-Mobile Others
Share(%) 27 26 24 11 12
Ans 46 a-1) Underlying data table does not have a row for every bar or package of breakfast bars that was sold in 2004. Because of this limitation, all the leftover sales have been put under “Others”. a-2) Underlying data is expected to be organised in a bar chart as Bar chart is easy to compare sales of different manufacturers in bars than in a pie chart. This can be seen practically in below drawn graphs. Even if others are included, still Bar chart is able to show the difference in sale of top 10 brands.
Sales
Other Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Cereal & Milk Bars Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. Milk N Cereal Bars Nutri Grain Bars $0 $18,917,658 $19,356,590 $23,880,972 $25,565,480 $27,970,354 $29,525,036 $32,836,244 $49,445,124 $50,757,024 $102,551,232 $50,000,000 $100,000,000 $150,000,000 $132,403,310
Sales
Sales
Nutri Grain Bars Special K Bar $102,551,232 , 19.98% $50,757,024 , 9.89% Milk N Cereal Bars Fruit & Oatmeal Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. Morning Start Cereal & Milk Bars $49,445,124 , 9.63% $29,525,036 , 5.75% $32,836,244 , 6.40% Store brand Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Snack Options
$132,403,310 , 25.80% $18,917,65 8 , 3.69% $19,356,59 0 , 3.77% $23,880,972 , 4.65% $25,565,480 , 4.98% $27,970,354 , 5.45%
b) Below drawn is the chart of the shares of total market by brand. Now, in this question shares of the brands have been asked so pie chart is drawn. Otherwise pie chart is not a good tool for comparison for data of this kind.
Sales(in %)
20 26 Nutri Grain Bars Special K Bar Milk N Cereal Bars Fruit & Oatmeal Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. 10 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 10 Morning Start Cereal & Milk Bars Store brand Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Snack Options Other
c) Below is the chart where audience can see sales of six manufacturer in dollars and can figure out their share in percentage.
Sales
$18,917,658 , 4.97% $23,880,972 , 6.27% $27,970,354 , 7.35% Kelloggs General Mills Quaker $81,717,870 , 21.46% $178,873,736 , 46.97% Atkins Retailer Slim Fast
$49,445,124 , 12.98%
Ans – 58 a) Yes, pie chart of either column is appropriate
Nintendo DS
None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
Sony PSP
None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
b) To show the numbers if owners, we need to draw the table after calculating the number of owners from the given percentage and absolute total number of owners. No. of Games None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more Sony PSP 2 27 25 14 8 10 14 Sony PSP owners 3 38 35 20 11 14 20 Nintendo DS 2 16 20 19 12 8 23 Nintendo DS owners 5 40 50 48 30 20 58 Difference 2 2 15 28 19 6 38
c) Below drawn is the single chart to compare the number of games owned by respondents. Count makes more sense here.
6 or more 5 4 3 2 1 None 0 50
Nintendo DS owners Sony PSP owners
100
d) Median number of games bought by Sony -20 and Nintendo – 40 e) As shown in above Table that the highest difference is for 6 or more players and the reason behind this could be the explanation given in question that people who buy Sony need not buy more than one game as Sony has features to a play a DVD.
Chapter-4 Ans 34 a) Sat-sun have the highest total level of sales during the year b) Distribution of sales data is overlapping c) Mode and median of the data is missing after summarising the data in the way given in table. Also, Outliers could not be found. Ans 56 a) Standard Deviation Interquartile Range 0.95 megabytes 0.80 megabytes
b) SD is more affected by the presence of the outlier. This can be seen from below graph where inter quartile range gives the 25% data on either side of mean. So, there will no change in IQR. SD will change as it gives the variation in the data and the same has been shown in next section (c) c) The only outlier is Hey Jude and after removing this song, Standard deviation is 0.5777 and Mean is 2.59. Mean 2.73 2.59 0.147 STDDEV 0.95 0.5777 0.37
Before Outlier is removed After Outlier is removed Difference
SD changes more when the outlier is removed.
Share(%)
Cingular 12 11 24 27 26 Verizon Sprint T-Mobile
Company Cingular Verizon Sprint T-Mobile Others
Share(%) 27 26 24 11 12
Ans 46 a-1) Underlying data table does not have a row for every bar or package of breakfast bars that was sold in 2004. Because of this limitation, all the leftover sales have been put under “Others”. a-2) Underlying data is expected to be organised in a bar chart as Bar chart is easy to compare sales of different manufacturers in bars than in a pie chart. This can be seen practically in below drawn graphs. Even if others are included, still Bar chart is able to show the difference in sale of top 10 brands.
Sales
Other Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Cereal & Milk Bars Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. Milk N Cereal Bars Nutri Grain Bars $0 $18,917,658 $19,356,590 $23,880,972 $25,565,480 $27,970,354 $29,525,036 $32,836,244 $49,445,124 $50,757,024 $102,551,232 $50,000,000 $100,000,000 $150,000,000 $132,403,310
Sales
Sales
Nutri Grain Bars Special K Bar $102,551,232 , 19.98% $50,757,024 , 9.89% Milk N Cereal Bars Fruit & Oatmeal Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. Morning Start Cereal & Milk Bars $49,445,124 , 9.63% $29,525,036 , 5.75% $32,836,244 , 6.40% Store brand Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Snack Options
$132,403,310 , 25.80% $18,917,65 8 , 3.69% $19,356,59 0 , 3.77% $23,880,972 , 4.65% $25,565,480 , 4.98% $27,970,354 , 5.45%
b) Below drawn is the chart of the shares of total market by brand. Now, in this question shares of the brands have been asked so pie chart is drawn. Otherwise pie chart is not a good tool for comparison for data of this kind.
Sales(in %)
20 26 Nutri Grain Bars Special K Bar Milk N Cereal Bars Fruit & Oatmeal Oatmeal Breakfast Sq. 10 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 10 Morning Start Cereal & Milk Bars Store brand Fruit & Oatmeal Bites Snack Options Other
c) Below is the chart where audience can see sales of six manufacturer in dollars and can figure out their share in percentage.
Sales
$18,917,658 , 4.97% $23,880,972 , 6.27% $27,970,354 , 7.35% Kelloggs General Mills Quaker $81,717,870 , 21.46% $178,873,736 , 46.97% Atkins Retailer Slim Fast
$49,445,124 , 12.98%
Ans – 58 a) Yes, pie chart of either column is appropriate
Nintendo DS
None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
Sony PSP
None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
b) To show the numbers if owners, we need to draw the table after calculating the number of owners from the given percentage and absolute total number of owners. No. of Games None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more Sony PSP 2 27 25 14 8 10 14 Sony PSP owners 3 38 35 20 11 14 20 Nintendo DS 2 16 20 19 12 8 23 Nintendo DS owners 5 40 50 48 30 20 58 Difference 2 2 15 28 19 6 38
c) Below drawn is the single chart to compare the number of games owned by respondents. Count makes more sense here.
6 or more 5 4 3 2 1 None 0 50
Nintendo DS owners Sony PSP owners
100
d) Median number of games bought by Sony -20 and Nintendo – 40 e) As shown in above Table that the highest difference is for 6 or more players and the reason behind this could be the explanation given in question that people who buy Sony need not buy more than one game as Sony has features to a play a DVD.
Chapter-4 Ans 34 a) Sat-sun have the highest total level of sales during the year b) Distribution of sales data is overlapping c) Mode and median of the data is missing after summarising the data in the way given in table. Also, Outliers could not be found. Ans 56 a) Standard Deviation Interquartile Range 0.95 megabytes 0.80 megabytes
b) SD is more affected by the presence of the outlier. This can be seen from below graph where inter quartile range gives the 25% data on either side of mean. So, there will no change in IQR. SD will change as it gives the variation in the data and the same has been shown in next section (c) c) The only outlier is Hey Jude and after removing this song, Standard deviation is 0.5777 and Mean is 2.59. Mean 2.73 2.59 0.147 STDDEV 0.95 0.5777 0.37
Before Outlier is removed After Outlier is removed Difference
SD changes more when the outlier is removed.
