Sunbeds and Cancer

Published on April 2019 | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 34 | Comments: 0 | Views: 210
of 20
Download PDF   Embed   Report

Comments

Content

Sunbeds - Citavi  Austin, A. S.; Spi ller, R. C. (2001): Inflammatory bowel disease, azathioprine and s kin cancer: case report and literature review. In: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, Jg. 13, H. 2, S. 193–194. Abstract A 42-year-old blond Caucasian woman taking azathioprine for 8 years developed an intra-epidermal carcinoma of the shin. She regularly used a sun bed to maintain a tan. Although the increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in immunosuppressed transplant recipients is well recognized, patients with Crohn‘s disease are not currently warned of the risk of exposure to ultraviolet light. Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease who take azathioprine, especially those with a fair complexion, should be informed of the potential dangers of sun bathing and should be advised to limit sun exposure. Schlagwörter  case reports; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents;  Azathioprine; Sunlight; Adult; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Bergenmar, M.; Brandberg, Y. (2001): Sunbathing and sun-protection behaviors and attitudes of young Swedish adults with hereditary risk for malignant melanoma. In: Cancer Nurs, Jg. 24, H. 5, S. 341–350. Abstract The aim of the study was to describe attitudes toward sunbathing and sun protection, to examine sun-related behaviors, and to present an effort to change sun-related behaviors among young adults without a cancer diagnosis in melanoma-prone families. Ten patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were sent on 3 occasions during a 15-month period to the total population (n = 87) meeting the inclusion criteria. Data from interviews and questionnaires showed extensive ultraviolet-exposure behaviors in this high-risk group for melanoma, although not always expressed in terms of sunbathing. When asked about sunbathing, 1/3 reported sunbathing "Often" or "Very often," despite a decrease in sunbathing during the study period. In addition, 35% reported current sun bed use. The most important reason for sunbathing was attractiveness. The risk of getting skin cancer was the most important reason to refrain from sunbathing. The majority estimated their own risk for melanoma as equal or lower compared with the general population. The planned intervention failed due to low attendance. Ul traviolet exposure is extensive. The individual perception of personal risk and the motivation to change behaviors are important factors to consider when designing a preventive program. Interest for group information was low in this a ge group. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; H umans; Skin Neoplasms; Female; Sunburn; Male; Sweden; Melanoma; Analysis of Variance;  Adult; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Boyd, Alan S.; Shyr, Yu; King, Lloyd E. (2002): Basal cell carcinoma in young women: an evaluation of the association of tanning bed use and smoking. In: J Am Acad Dermatol, Jg. 46, H. 5, S. 706–709. Abstract Basal ce cell ca carcinomas (B (BCCs) typically oc occur in in mi middle-aged to to el elderly pa patients bu but less commonly in younger ones. In our experience, most BCCs seen in patients younger than 40 years are found in women. We evaluated 30 women with biopsyproven BCC and 30 control patients matched for sex, age, and skin type to determine potential risk factors for this population. Tanning bed v isits, pack-years of  cigarette smoking, recreational sun exposure, number of blistering sunburns, and use of sunscreens were determined for both groups. Among patients w ith a BCC, the histologic type of tumor, site of i nvolvement, method of treatment, follow-up period, incidence of recurrence, and presence of actinic keratoses we re also evaluated. Patients with a BCC had a statistically greater number of pack years of  smoking (P =.045), and a greater percentage of these women had experienced blistering sunburns (P =.028). Although women with a BCC had, on average, almost twice as many tanning salon visits (152.2 vs 83.1), this was not statistically significant. Sunscreen use and amount of recreational ultraviolet light exposure were essentially equal between the two groups. Young women with a BCC are more likely to have a past or current history of cigarette smoking and blistering sunburns. Repeated exposure to tanning beds may also be a contributory factor.

Sunbeds - Citavi Schlagwörter 

Incidence; Attitude to Health; Biopsy, Needle; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Re ference Values; Cohort Studies; Heliotherapy; Case-Control Studies; Beauty Culture; Sampling Studies; Smoking; Adult; Age Distribution; Probability; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Adolescent

Brodthagen, H. (1982): Malignant melanoma caused by UV -A suntan bed. In: Acta Derm Venereol, Jg. 62, H. 4, S. 356–357. Sch Schlagwörter case re reports; Ne Neopla plasms, sms, Radi Radia atio tion-Indu nduced; Hum Humans; ns; Ski Skin n Neo Neop plas lasms; Ult Ultraviole olet Rays; Female; Melanoma; Skin; Adult Buckel, Tamy B. H.; Goldstein, Alisa M.; Fraser, Mary C.; Rogers, Ba rbara; Tucker, Margaret A. (2006): Recent tanning bed use: a risk factor for melanoma. In: Arch Dermatol, Jg. 142, H. 4, S. 485–488. Abstract BACKGROUND: Individuals at increased risk of melanoma should use sunprotective measures to decrease their risk of developing melanoma. OBSERVATION: We report a case of a 39-year-old patient with a CDKN2A mutation who developed 3 primary melanomas within a few years of initiating tanning bed use. CONCLUSION: Intense UV exposure as an adult likely contributed to the development of additional primary melanomas in this individual. Schlagwörter  case reports; Humans; Shoulder; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Diagnosis, Differential; Ultraviolet Rays; Mutation; Melanoma; Male; research support, u.s. gov‘t, p.h.s.; Beauty Culture; Leg; Adult; Cycli n-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16;  Abdomen Buljan, Marija; Bulat, Vedrana; Situm, Mirna; Mihić, Liborija Lugović; Stanić-Duktaj, Sandra (2008): Variations in clinical presentation of basal cell carcinoma. In: Acta Clin Croat, Jg. 47, H. 1, S. 25–30. Abstract Basal cell carcinoma (basalioma, BCC) is the most common skin cancer and the most common human malignancy in general, with a con tinuously increasing incidence. In most cases, BCC develops on chronically sun-exposed skin in elderly people, most commonly in the head and neck region. Besides chronic UV radiation, other risk factors for the development of BCC include sun bed use, family history of  skin cancer, skin type 1 and 2, a tendency to freckle in childhood, immunosuppression, previous radiotherapy, and chronic exposure to certain toxic substances such as inorganic arsenic. There are numerous variations in clinical presentation of BCC, such as nodular BCC, ulcerating BCC, pigmented BCC, sclerosing BCC, superficial BCC, and fibroepithelioma of Pinkus. Each varies in terms of clinical presentation, histopathology and aggressive behavior. Treatment modalities for BCC include surgical excision, cryosurgery, curettage, electrodessication, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, topical cytostatics, and immunomodulators. If left untreated or inadequately treated, BCC may become invasive and locally destructive, although it very rarely metastasizes. Due to the extremely high incidence of BCC, medical professionals should be familiar with its manifold clinical presentations. Schlagwörter  Humans; Skin Neoplasms; review; Carcinoma, Basal Cell (1993): Careful fun in the sun. Hospital m easures UV rays and issues skin cancer advisories. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. In: Profiles Healthc Mark, H. 54, S. 2–7. Schlagwörter Humans; Sk Skin Ne Neoplasms; Bu Budgets; Ho Hospital Be Bed Ca Capacity, 50 500 an and ov over; Ultraviolet Rays; Texas; Cancer Care Facilities; Hea lth Education Chan, Henry H. L.; Yang, C. H.; Leung, Joseph C. K.; Wei, W. I.; Lai, K. N. (2007): An animal study of the effects on p16 and PCNA expression of repeated treatment with high-energy laser and intense pulsed light exposure. In: Lasers Surg Med, Jg. 39, H. 1, S. 8–13. Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Non-ablative skin rejuvenation treatments that involve the use of laser/light sources together with cooling devices have gained much popularity in recent years due to the lack of down time that is associated wi th them. One important but neglected issue is long-term safety. Does the repeated use

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

of non-ablative skin rejuvenation lead to photoaging? Are we creating another sunbed phenomenon? Recently, we performed an in vitro study to examine the effect of  sub-lethal QS 755 nm lasers on the ex pression of p16INK4a on melanoma cell lines, and found that sub-lethal laser damage could increase DNA damage, which led to an increase in p16 expression. Our o bjective was to assess the cutaneous effect of repeated exposure to high-energy lasers and intense pulsed light sources on male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS  AND METHODS: Twenty-eight male ICR mice were divided into four groups. Other  than the control group, all groups received either laser (585 nm pulsed dye laser or  1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser) or intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment. All four groups were anesthetized with a mixture of Hypnorm/Dormicum before treatment. The animals were irradiated twice a week for 6 months. Signs of toxicity such as mortality and weight loss were checked once a week. Skin tumor formation was evidenced by lesions of greater than 1 mm i n diameter that persisted for 2 weeks.  At the end of the 6 months, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p16 in the mouse skin was determined by immunohistochemical staining and immunoblotting using specific monoclonal antibodies for mouse PCNA and p16. The results were expressed as mean +/- standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical difference was assessed by multiple ANOVA. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS : At the end of the 6 months, none of  the animals had developed any signs of toxicity such as mortality or weight lost. There was no evidence of tumor formation. There were significant elevations of p16 and PCNA in all treated groups as compared to the control group (ANOVA P < 0.05). This particularly applied to the group that was treated with the 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser. CONCLUSION: The repeated use of high-energy laser and intense pulsed light source did not cause any t oxicity in mice. The changes in p16 and PCNA imply that further studies are necessa ry to consider the implications of  repeated exposure to longer wavelength radiation in human skin. Lasers; Animals; Genes, p16; Male; Skin; Mi ce, Inbred ICR; Time; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Laser Therapy, Low-Level; Mice; Biological Markers

Chen, Weiliang; Li, Jingsong; Yang, Zhaohui; Yongjie, Wang; Zhiquan, Wang; Wang, Youyuan (2008): SMAS fold flap and ADM repair of the parotid bed following removal of parotid haemangiomas via pre- and retroauricular incisions to improve cosmetic outcome and prevent Frey‘s syndrome. In: J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, Jg. 61, H. 8, S. 894-9; discussion 899-900. Abstract The growth of parotid haemangiomas during the proliferative phase may be rapid and unpredictable. Involution often takes many years, with attendant psychological sequelae to the child. Although conservative management is u sually proposed for  parotid haemangiomas occurring in infancy, this may not be particularly helpful and the haemangioma difficult to conceal. The purpose of this s tudy was to evaluate the reliable and aesthetic benefit of using a superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) fold flap and allograft dermal matrix (ADM) repair of the parotid bed following parotid haemangiomas via pre- and retroauricular incision. Forty-three paediatric patients (33 boys and 10 girls) with haemangiomas involving the parotid gland underwent total parotidectomy using a pre- and retroauricular approach with intraoperative placement of ADM within the parotid bed. They further underwent repair of the parotid bed with SMAS fold flaps. A panel of three plastic surgeons assessed the cosmetic outcomes. All of t he patients were evaluated using a short questionnaire; postoperative gustatory sweating was assessed using a m odification of Minor‘s starch-iodine test. Schlagwörter  Child, Preschool; Humans; Treatment Outcome; Esthetics; Parotid G land; Hemangioma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Female; Infant; Sweating, Gustatory; Male; evaluation studies; Surgical Flaps; Skin Transplantation; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Parotid Neoplasms Chernoff, Karen A.; Bordone, Lindsey; Horst, Basil; Simon, Katherine; Twadell, William; Lee, Keagan et al.

Sunbeds - Citavi (2009): GAB2 amplifications refine molecular classification of melanoma. In: Clin Cancer Res, Jg. 15, H. 13, S. 4288–4291. Abstract PURPOSE: Gain-of-function mutations in BRAF, NRAS, or KIT are associated with distinct melanoma subtypes with KIT mutations and/or copy number changes frequently observed among melanomas arising from sun-protected sites, such as acral skin (palms, soles, and nail bed) and mucous membranes. GAB2 has recently been implicated in melanoma pathogenesis, and increased copy numbers are found in a subset of melanomas. We sought to determine the association of increased copy numbers of GAB2 among melanoma subtypes in the context of genetic alterations in BRAF, NRAS, and KIT. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A total of 85 melanomas arising from sun-protected (n = 23) and sun-exposed sites (n = 62) were analyzed for copy number changes using array-based comparative genomic hybridization and for gain-of-function mutations in BRAF, NRA S, and KIT. RESULTS: GAB2 amplifications were found in 9% of the cases and were associated with melanomas arising from acral and mucosal sites (P = 0.005). Increased copy numbers of the KIT locus were observed in 6% of the cases. The overall mutation frequencies for BRAF and NRAS were 43.5% and 14%, respectively, and were mutually exclusive. Among the acral and mucosal melanomas studied, the genetic alteration frequency was 26% for G AB2, 13% for  KIT, 30% for BRAF, and 4% for NRA S. Importantly, the majority of GAB2 amplifications occurred independent from genetic events in BRAF, NRAS, and KIT. CONCLUSIONS: GAB2 amplification is critical for melanomas arising from sunprotected sites. Genetic alterations in GAB2 will help refine the molecular  classification of melanomas. Schlagwörter  Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Gene Dosage; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Ultraviolet Rays; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Female; Genes, ras; Male; Melanoma; Gene Frequency; DNA Mutational Analysis; research support, n.i.h., extramural; Gene  Amplification Cicarma, Emanuela; Porojnicu, Alina Carmen; Lagunova, Zoya; Dahlback, Arne; Juzeniene, Asta; Moan, Johan (2009): Sun and sun beds: inducers of vitamin D and skin cancer. In: Antic ancer Res, Jg. 29, H. 9, S. 3495–3500. Abstract Solar radiation is both the main cause of all types of skin cancer, including cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), and the main source of vitamin D accompanied by its beneficial effects. The dilemma li es in that increased sun exposure could lead to an increase in skin cancers and yet is necessary for the better prognosis of internal cancers. Solar radiation varies in intensity and spectral composition with geographic location and time. Of central interest in the present context is that the UVA/UVB ratio can vary. Thus, the UVA/UVB ratio increases with decreasing solar elevation. The ratio is also larger for most sun beds than that in the midday sun, but similar to that in the afternoon sun. This may have large health implications, since vitamin D is exclusively generated by UVB, while UVA and UVB likely play a role in the o nset of CMM. Sun and sun beds act similarly: one quantum of radiation at a given wavelength has the same biological effect, irrespective of the source from which it comes. The winter level s of vitamin D are 10 to 100% lower  than the summer levels in most populations, but can be brought up to summer  levels by moderate sun bed exposure. Doses of 200 IU of vitamin D per day are not sufficiently large to maintain a summer vitamin D status in winter. At high latitudes (>40 degrees) the sun provides no vitamin D in winter. A number of epidemiological studies, interventional studies, animal studies and cell experiments show that vitamin D reduces the risk and/or prognosis of internal cancers. Populations living at high latitudes would probably benefit from moderately increasing their exposure to UVB to provide a good vitamin D status. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Sunbathing; Humans; Vitamin D; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Skin; Sunlight

Sunbeds - Citavi Clough-Gorr, Kerri M.; Titus-Ernstoff, Linda; Perry, Ann E.; Spencer, Steven K.; Ernstoff, Marc S . (2008): Exposure to sunlamps, tanning beds, and melanoma risk. In: Cancer Causes Control, Jg. 19, H. 7, S. 659–669. Abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the separate effects of sunlamp and tanning bed device use on melanoma risk. METHODS: Population-based case-control study of 423 cases of melanoma and 678 controls in the state of New Hampshire. Exposure data, including sunlamp and tanning bed use, were c ollected by telephone interview. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: About 17% of participants ever used a sunlamp, and most use (89%) occurred before 1980. The OR was 1.39 (95% CI 1.00-1.96) for ever using a sunlamp, 1.23 (95% CI 0.81-1.88) for those starting sunlamp use <20 y ears, and 1.71 (95% CI 1.00-2.92) for those starting >/=20 years. Data suggested i ncreasing risk with number of sunlamp uses and wi th duration of use (tests of trend p = 0.02). The overall prevalence of tanning bed use was 22% a nd most use (83%) occurred after 1980. The OR was 1.14 (95% CI 0.80-1.61) for ever using a tanning bed; there was no evidence that risk increased with frequency or duration of use. The OR was 1.96 (95% CI 1.06-3.61) for having used both devices. CO NCLUSION: Results suggest a modest association between sunlamp use and melanoma risk, and increasing risk with greater frequency and duration of use. N o association with tanning bed use was found, but sufficient lag time may not have elapsed to assess a potential effect. Schlagwörter  Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Male; Melanoma; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Risk; Nevus; Sunlight; Beds; Adult; research support, n.i.h., extramural; New Hampshire Curtin, John A.; Busam, Klaus; Pinkel, Daniel; Bastian, Boris C. (2006): Somatic activation of KIT in distinct subtypes of melanoma. In: J Clin Oncol, Jg. 24, H. 26, S. 4340–4346. Abstract PURPOSE: Melanomas on mucosal membranes, acral skin (soles, palms, and nail bed), and skin with chronic sun-induced damage have i nfrequent mutations in BRAF and NRAS, genes within the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway commonly mutated in melanomas on intermittently sun-exposed skin. This raises the question of whether other aberrations are occurring in the MAP kinase cascade in the melanoma types with infrequent mutations of BRAF and NRAS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed array comparative genomic hybridization data from 102 primary melanomas (38 from mucosa, 28 from acral skin, and 18 from skin with and 18 from skin without chronic sun-induced damage) for DNA copy number aberrations specific to melanoma subtypes where mutations in BRAF and NRAS are infrequent. A narrow amplification on 4q12 was found, and candidate genes within it were analyzed. RESULTS: Oncogenic mutations in KIT were found in three of seven tumors with amplifications. Examination of all 102 primary melanomas found mutations and/or copy number increases of KIT in 39% of  mucosal, 36% of acral, and 28% of melanomas on c hronically sun-damaged skin, but not in any (0%) melanomas on skin without chronic sun damage. Seventy-nine percent of tumors with mutations and 53% of tumors with multiple copies of KIT demonstrated increased KIT protein levels. CONCLUSION: KIT is an important oncogene in melanoma. Because the majority of the KIT mutations we found in melanoma also occur in imatinib-responsive cancers of other types, imatinib may offer an immediate therapeutic benefit for a significant proportion of the global melanoma burden. Schlagwörter  Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Antineoplastic  Agents; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Female; Piperazines; Male; Melanoma;  Aged; Tumor Markers, Biological; Adult; research support, n.i.h., extramural; Immunohistochemistry; Microarray Analysis; Pyrimidines; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Del Bino, S.; Sok, J .; Bessac, E.; Bernerd, F. (2006): Relationship between skin response to ultraviolet exposure

Sunbeds - Citavi and skin color type. In: Pigment Cell Res, Jg. 19, H. 6, S. 606–614. Abstract Sun exposure is responsible for detrimental damage ranging from sunburn to photoaging and skin cancer. This damage is likely to be influenced by constitutive pigmentation. The relationship between ultraviolet (UV) sensitivity and skin color  type was analyzed on 42 ex vivo skin samples objectively classified from light to dark skin, based on their values of i ndividual typology angle (ITA) determined by colorimetric parameters. The biologically efficient dose (BED) was determined for  each sample by quantifying sunburn cells after exposure to increasing doses of UV solar-simulated radiation. Typical UV-induced biologic markers, other than erythema, such as DNA damage, apoptosis and p53 accumulation, were analyzed.  A statistically significant correlation was found between ITA and BED and, ITA and DNA damage. Interestingly, DNA lesions w ere distributed throughout the whole epidermal layers and the uppermost dermal cells in light, intermediate and tanned skin while they were restricted to suprabasal epidermal layers in brown or dark skin. Our data support, at the cellular level, the rel ationship between UV sensitivity and skin color type. They emphasize the impact of DNA damage accumulation in basal layer in relation to the prevalence of skin cancer. Schlagwörter  Humans; Epidermis; Epithelial Cells; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Apoptosis; Skin Pigmentation; Organ Culture Techniques; Skin; Dermis; DNA Damage; Biological Markers; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 Geller, Alan C.; Brooks, Daniel R.; Colditz, Graham A.; Koh, Howard K.; Frazier, A. Lindsay (2006): Sun protection practices among offspring of women with personal or family history of skin cancer. In: Pediatrics, Jg. 117, H. 4, S. e688-94. Abstract OBJECTIVE: Family history of skin cancer is an important determinant of skin cancer risk for offspring. No previous study of the effect of personal or family history of skin cancer on the sun protection behaviors of the offspring has been published. METHODS: A retrospective study was c onducted of the sun protection behaviors of  the adolescent participants in the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), who were offspring of mothers from the Nurses Health Study II . Adolescents‘ surveys were matched with their mothers‘ reports of a personal or family history of skin cancer  and compared with adolescents whose mothers did not report a personal or family history of skin cancer. The outcome measures were (1) occurrence of frequent sunburns during the past summer, (2) use of a tanning bed during the past year, and (3) routine use of sunscreen. Frequent sunburns were defined as the report of  > or = 3 sunburns during the past summer. We compared those who reported having used a tanning bed in the past year at least once with those who reported no tanning bed use in the past year. Routine u se of sunscreen was defined as a respondent who replied that he or she "always" or "often" used sunscreen with sun protection factor of 15 or more when he or she was outside for > 15 minutes on a sunny day during the past summer. General estimating equations were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for gender, age, color  of untanned skin, and number of friends who were tanned. We also conducted an additional analysis restricted to children whose mothers had received a diagnosis of  skin cancer in which we assessed s un protection behaviors according to the child‘s age and mother‘s age at the time of the mother‘s diagnosis and the number of years that had passed since the diagnosis of the m other‘s skin cancer. RESULTS: In 1999, 9943 children reported their sun protection behaviors; 8697 of their mothers had not received a diagnosis of skin cancer or reported a family history of  melanoma, 463 participants‘ mothers had received a diagnosis of skin cancer, and 783 participants‘ mothers reported a family history of melanoma. Between 1989 and 1999, 371 mothers of GUTS participants received a diagnosis of skin cancer: melanoma (n = 44), squamous cell (n = 39), and basal cell cancer (n = 311); 23 mothers received a diagnosis of > 1 type of skin cancer. Because GUTS includes siblings from the same family, the 371 mothers w ith skin cancer had 463 offspring in GUTS. Offspring of mothers with skin cancer were slightly more likely to report

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

frequent sunburns in the past year compared with those with neither maternal diagnosis nor family history (39% vs 36%). Tanning bed use was not significantly different among those with either a maternal diagnosis of skin cancer or family history of melanoma as compared with nonaffected adolescents (8% vs 9% vs 10%). Sunscreen use among offspring of mothers with skin cancer was higher than among those whose mothers had a family history of melanoma or mothers with no personal history of skin cancer (42% vs 33% vs 34%). Tan-promoting attitudes were also similar across all groups. Only 25% thought that a natural skin color was most attractive, and on average, 25% in each group agreed that it was worth burning to get a tan. Children of mothers who had received a diagnosis > 2 years in the past were less likely to use sunscreen, more likely to sunburn, and more likely to us e tanning beds than children of mothers with a more recent diagnosis, although the results did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Frequent sunburns, suboptimal sunscreen use, and high rates of tanning bed use are commonplace even among the children of health professionals who are at risk for developing skin cancer themselves as a result of personal or famil y history. With new information on family risk, pediatricians can use the potential of a teachable moment to ensure optimal sun protection for children who are at risk. research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Attitude to Health; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Radiation Protection; Child; Health Behavior; Skin Pigmentation; Female; Sunburn; Melanoma; Male; Beauty Culture; research support, n.i.h., extramural; Sunscreening Agents; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent

Geller, Alan C.; Colditz, Graham; Oliveria, Susan; Emmons, Karen; Jorgensen, Cynthia; Aweh, Gideon N.; Frazier, A. Lindsay (2002): Use of sunscreen, s unburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents. In: Pediatrics, Jg. 109, H. 6, S. 1009–1014. Abstract OBJECTIVES: To describe the association of sunscreen use, sunburning, and tanning bed use by age, sex, residence, and psychosocial variables associated with tan-seeking behaviors, and to compare these findings with sun protection recommendations from federal agencies and cancer organizations. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, from all 50 states, of 10 079 boys and girls 12 to 18 y ears of  age in 1999. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires with the children of  the participants from the Nurses Health Study (Growing Up Today Study). RESULTS: The prevalence of sunscreen use was 34.4% with girls more likely to use sunscreen than boys (40.0 vs 26.4, odds ratio: 1.86; 95% confidence interval: 1.70-2.03). Eighty-three percent of respondents had at least 1 sunburn during the previous summer, and 36% had 3 or more sunburns. Nearly 1 0% of respondents used a tanning bed during the previous year. Girls were far more likely than boys to report tanning bed use (14.4 vs 2.4), and older girls (ag es 15-18) were far more likely than younger girls (ages 12-14) to report tanning bed use (24.6% vs 4.7). Tanning bed use increased from 7% among 14-year-old girls to 16% by age 15, and more than doubled again by age 17 (35%; N = 244). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that attitudes associated with tanning, such as the preference for  tanned skin, having many friends who were tanned, and belief in the worth of  burning to get a tan, were generally associated with sporadic sunscreen use, more frequent sunburns, and increased use of tanning beds. CONCLU SIONS: Our  findings suggest that many children are at subsequent risk of skin cancer because of suboptimal sunscreen use, high rates of sunburning, and ta nning bed use. Recommendations in the United States for improved sun protection and avoidance of tanning beds and sunburning, which began in the early 1990s, have been primarily unheeded. Nationally coordinated campaigns with strong policy components must be developed and sustained to prevent skin cancer in a new generation of children and adolescents. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Prevalence; Child; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; United States; Sex Factors; Sunburn; Male; Melanoma; Health Education; research support, u.s. gov‘t,

Sunbeds - Citavi p.h.s.; Beauty Culture; Age Factors; Sunscreening Agents; Adolescent Gorell, Emily; Lee, Carolyn; Muñoz, Cla udia; Chang, Anne Lynn S. (2009): Adoption of Western culture by Californian Asian Americans: attitudes and practices promoting sun exposure. In: Arch Dermatol, Jg. 145, H. 5, S. 552–556. Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the adoption of Western culture is associated with attitudes and practices promoting sun exposure among A sian Americans. DESIGN: Survey conducted from November 28, 2007, to January 28, 2008. SETTING: Primarily northern California community groups via on line survey. PARTICIPANTS: Adult volunteers who self-identified as Asian American. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results based on 546 questionnaires returned. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 74.4%. Multivariate regression analysis controlling for age and skin type showed that westernization (as determined by generation in the United States, location raised, or self-rated acculturation) was associated with attitudes and behaviors promoting sun exposure (including the belief that having a tan is attractive, negative attitudes toward use of sunscreen and sun protective clothing, and increased weekend sun exposure, lyin g out to get a tan, and tanning bed use) at a level of P < .05. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that adoption of Western culture may be associated with attitudes and behaviors promoting sun exposure among Asian Americans. This group should be targeted by dermatologists for increased education regarding sun protection, solar damage, and skin cancer prevention and detection. Schlagwörter  California; Attitude to Health; Humans; comparative study; S kin Neoplasms; Prevalence; Acculturation; Female; Sex Distribution; Sunburn; Male; Health Education; Sunlight; Asian Americans; Adult; Questionnaires Greene, Kathryn; Brinn, Laura S. (2003): Messages influencing college women‘s tanning bed use: statistical versus narrative evidence format and a self-assessment to increase perceived susceptibility. In: J Health Commun, Jg. 8, H. 5, S. 443–461. Abstract Understanding the effect of messages and other influences on health decisionmaking has the potential to decrease risky behavior such as tanning bed use. This study explores the effect of type of evidence, self-assessments of risk for skin cancer, and personality factors on intention to use and use of tanning beds among Caucasian female college students. Specifically, it targeted the perceived susceptibility component of the Health Belief Model and its impact on intention to tan as well as changes in a ctual tanning behavior. College students (N=141) in the southeast United States read randomly assigned messages and self-assessments, filled out surveys, and were later contacted for a follow-up telephone survey. The statistical message was rated higher on information value and also resulted in decreased intention to tan, decreased tanning behavior, and increased perceived susceptibility to skin cancer. The narrative message, in contrast, increased perceptions of realism and also worked to decrease i ntentions to tan. Additionally, the self-assessment manipulation resulted in increased susceptibility and decreased intention to tan and post tanning behavior. Personality factors explained small portions of variance. Key limitations and directions for future research are also addressed. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Risk Assessment; Humans; comparative study; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Southeastern United States; Health Behavior; Intention; Female; European Continental Ancestry Group; randomized controlled trial; clinical trial; Students; Communication; Beauty Culture; Adult; Universities; Questionnaires; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Social Marketing Hussein, Mahmoud R.; Elsers, Dalia A.; Fadel, Sabah A.; Omar, Abd-Elhady M. E. (2006): Clinicopathological features of melanocytic skin lesions in Egypt. In: Eur J Cancer Prev, Jg. 15, H. 1, S. 64–68. Abstract Although melanocytic skin lesions have been recognized since antiquity, their  

Sunbeds - Citavi literature was limited to Caucasians. To date, the clinicopathologic features of these lesions in Egyptians are still unknown. To define these features, diagnostic records of the melanocytic skin lesions received at t he Pathology Department, Assuit University Hospitals (1989-2004) were reviewed. The lesions examined i ncluded 12 benign naevi (BN), 10 dysplastic naevi (DN), and 21 cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMMs). The DN and CMMs were more common in men than in women (2 : 1 and 1.5 : 1, respectively) while BN were more common in women (2 : 1). The average age incidence was 33+/-5, 38+/-7 and 54+/-3 years, fo r BN, DN and CMM, respectively. The lower limb (13/21, 62%), head and neck (7/21, 33%) were the most common sites for CMMs. The average size (mm) was 2+/-0.3, 4+/0.6 and 21+/-0.3 for BN, DN and CMMs, respectively. Recurrence occurred in 10% of CMMs. Histologically, CMMs were of nodular type and composed of epithelioid (7/21, 33%), spindle cells (1/21, 5%), or mixed cells (13/21, 62%). The mean tumour thickness (Breslow) was 6+/-0.5 mm. CMMs incl uded two of 21(9%), three of 21(14%), six of 21(38%), and 10 of 21(38%) with Clark level II, III, IV and V. In Egypt, CMM is the third most common c utaneous neoplasm following squamous and basal cell carcinomas. Compared with Western soci eties, melanoma has a male sex predilection, similar histological features but different topographical distribution and rare incidence. The striking difference from Western series is the incidence of nodular melanoma - in the West this represents 15-30% of  melanomas, with superficial spreading being the majority. Another key difference from the West is the ‘sun-bed‘ culture of the West and the desire to have s untans. This is the first study that reports the clinicopathologic features of melanocytic skin lesions in Egypt. Schlagwörter 

Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Sex Distribution; European Continental Ancestry Group; Male; Melanoma; Nevus, Pi gmented; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Age Distribution; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome; Arabs

Jerkegren, E.; Sandrieser, L.; Brandberg, Y.; Rosdahl, I. (1999): Sun-related behaviour and melanoma awareness among Swedish university students. In: Eur J Cancer Prev, Jg. 8, H. 1, S. 27–34. Abstract The relationship between knowledge, attitude and sun-related behaviour among Swedish students was examined in the present study. A total of 296 of 305 questionnaires, distributed among university students (medical school and economy programme) were analysed (157 men, 139 women, mean age 24 years). The percentage of students sunbathing with the intention of getting a tan was 75%. Thirteen per cent reported having experienced at least one painful sunburn every year and 93% stated at least one burn during the l ast ten years. The majority of the students had used a sun bed, 12% more than ten times during the last year. Subjects with high frequency of sun bed use also scored high on sunbathing and sunburns. Significantly more women (70%) than men (51%) used sunscreen. The overall knowledge of melanoma was high. No difference in knowledge was found between the high- and low-exposure group. Medical students scored higher on knowledge than economy students, but did not differ in exposure score. Our  findings reveal an excessive sun exposure among university students. A high level of knowledge of risk does not lead to a sun-protective behaviour. Future preventative campaigns targeting young people must focus on strategies to change attitudes towards tanning as being healthy and attractive. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Attitude to Health; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Health Behavior; Female; Sex Factors; Sunburn; Male; Sweden; Students; Melanoma; Sunlight; Adult; Environmental Exposure; Questionnaires; Students, Medical; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Sunscreening Agents Jopson, Janet A.; Reeder, Anthony I. (2008): An audit of Yellow Pages tel ephone directory listings of indoor  tanning facilities and services in New Zealand, 1992‐2006. In: Aust N Z J Public Health, Jg. 32, H. 4, S. 372–377.

Sunbeds - Citavi Abstract

Schlagwörter 

OBJECTIVE: To document the number and variety of indoor tanning facilities and services in New Zealand, and to analyse c hanges from 1992 to 2006. METHOD: Hard copies of the Yellow Pages telephone directory listings of all 18 New Zealand regions for 1992, 1996, 2001 and 2006 were examined. Entries under solaria and sun bed headings were supplemented with entries where s un bed/indoor tanning services were explicitly advertised under hairdressing, beauty therapy/supplies, and health and fitness centre categories. Duplicate listings w ere eliminated. RESULTS: From 1992 to 2006, inclusive, there was a 241% increase in the number of  businesses that advertised some form of indoor tanning service i n the NZ Yellow Pages telephone directories. There was a 525% increase in the number of  wholesale trade providers, indicative of expansion in the industry, overall. Hire services also increased. The reported findings are likely to represent an underestimate of the total numbers of facilities and providers. C ONCLUSION: Substantial growth in indoor tanning facilities and s ervices in New Zealand has occurred since 1992. IMPLICATIONS: The evidence of p otential serious health risks from sunbed use, in conjunction with evidence of irresponsibility among some providers, suggests a need for regulatory controls to strengthen existing voluntary guidelines. With legislation recently introduced for the states of Victoria and South  Australia, and proposed in Queensland and Western Australia before the end of  2008; it would be timely for New Zealand authorities to collaborate with those drafting that legislation. research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Risk Assessment; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced;  Access to Information; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Pilot Projects; Ultraviolet Rays; Government Regulation; Sunburn; Telephone; Sunlight; Public Health; N ew Zealand; Sunscreening Agents; Advertising as Topic; Beauty; Population Surveillance

Lautenschlager, S.; Itin, P. H. (1998): Reticulate, patchy and mottled pigmentation of the neck. Acquired forms. In: Dermatology, Jg. 197, H. 3, S. 291–296. Abstract Besides th the in inherited fo forms of of mo mottled an and re reticulate pi pigmentation, a va vast number of of   diseases and trigger mechanisms can lead to acquired pigmentation o f the neck. Nonhereditary variants of reticulate and mottled pigmentation can affect the n eck as a typical site and therefore may give a diagnostic clue or it can occur sporadically on the neck as well as o n other sites. A well-known and important factor in the pathogenesis is exposure to sunlight. Sun-induced pigmentation often presents on the neck and may result from phototoxic, photoallergic and cumulative actinic damage. Frequent forms comprise berloque dermatitis, Riehl‘s melanosis, poikiloderma of Civatte and tanning bed lentigines. Different infections may also lead to this distinct skin alteration as pediculosis capitis, pityriasis versicolor and syphilis II. Treatment-induced irregular pigmentations may occur after applications of topical agents (e.g. diphenylcyclopropenone), systemic medication (e.g. 5fluorouracil, chlorpromazine), as a complication of laser resurfacing or as a chronic graft-versus-host reaction. Different neoplasms may also involve the neck. Widespread pigmented basal cell carcinoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, syringolymphoid hyperplasia and histiocytic diseases may lead to reticulated pigmentation. Various other infrequent conditions as connective tissue di seases, malnutrition, lichen planus pigmentosus and others are summarized. The neck, a readily accessible site to medical inspection, may have an underestimated value for  the diagnosis of different skin diseases. Schlagwörter  Humans; review; Neck; Skin; Pigmentation Di sorders Lever, L. R.; Lawrence, C. M. (1995): N Engl J Med. UNITED S TATES (332), Nr. 21. Sch Schlagwörter case reports; Neopla plasms, sms, Radi Radia atio tion-Indu nduced; Hum Humans; ns; Ski Skin Neop eoplas lasms; Cosmetics; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; letter; Adult; Bowen‘s Disease Lim, H. W.; Cooper, K. (1999): The health impact of solar radiation and prevention strategies: Report of the

Sunbeds - Citavi Environment Council, American Academy of Dermatology. In: J Am Acad Dermatol, Jg. 41, H. 1, S. 81–99. Abstract It is well recognized that exposure to solar radiation is a major risk factor for the development of skin cancer, photoaged skin, and immune system alterations. However, major questions remain regarding the specific wavelengths and type of  exposure that incur risk. The purpose of this article is to critically examine, on the basis of current knowledge, the impact of stratospheric ozone depletions, tanning bed skin cancer risk, the safety of sunscreens as an important element of our solar  protection strategies, the wavelengths of solar radiation responsible for melanoma, and the incidence of melanoma. Recommendations are made on prevention strategies and public health messages. Schlagwörter  Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; guideline; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Radiation Protection; Melanoma; practice guideline; Sunlight; Sunscreening Agents Lucci, A.; Citro, H. W .; Wilson, L. (2001): Assessment of knowledge of melanoma risk factors, prevention, and detection principles in Texas teenagers. In: J S urg Res, Jg. 97, H. 2, S . 179–183. Abstract INTRODUCTION: The incidence of me melanoma has in increased in the pa past 10 years more rapidly than any other cancer. Exposure to intense solar radiation in youth significantly increases the lifetime risk of developing melanoma. We postulate that teenagers have little awareness of melanoma prevention or detection principles. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of teenagers about melanoma and to identify which age groups are most receptive to altering their sun exposure behaviors. METHODS: Two hundred and ten examinations testing general knowledge of sun exposure and melanoma were completed and ret urned by junior high and high school students ages 12 to 18 in Dallas and H ouston, Texas. All students completing and returning the examination were provided with the correct answers to the test and a d etailed explanation of each of the test items as part of an educational exercise. A second questionnaire was then administered to determine the effect of the educational exercise on future sun exposure practices. Students were divided into two age groups (12 to 15 and >or=16 years old) for comparison of scores on the knowledge examination and responses to behavioral items. Comparison of response rates between age groups was performed using chi(2) analysis. RESULTS: The return rate was 100%, with 109 students age 12-15 years, and 101 students >or=16 years. Seventy-six percent of  all respondents sunbathed outdoors, and 18% had used a tanning bed in the past 6 months. Thirty-three percent of students admitted to at least three blistering sunburns in the past. The average score on the knowledge assessment examination was 65% correct for students >or=16 years old and 5 4% correct for  those 12-15 years old. Students 12 to 15 y ears old were significantly more likely to indicate they planned to change future behaviors regarding performance of skin self-examinations and limiting sun exposure as compared to the older students. CONCLUSION: A significant number of teenagers have already enhanced their risk for future melanoma by suffering severe sunburns. Students younger than 16 years of age were significantly more likely to indicate they planned to change future behaviors after receiving information about melanoma. The data from this pilot study support education aimed at younger age groups to most effectively achieve risk reduction and prevent future melanomas. Schlagwörter  Incidence; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Patient Education as Topic; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Child; Texas; Skin Pigmentation; Female; Needs  Assessment; Male; Melanoma; Sunlight; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Ma, Fangchao; Collado-Mesa, Fernando; Hu, Shasa; Kirsner, Robert S. (2007): Skin cancer awareness and sun protection behaviors in white Hispanic and wh ite non-Hispanic high school students in Miami, Florida. In: Arch Dermatol, Jg. 143, H. 8, S. 983–988. Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine skin cancer awareness and behavior in white Hispanic (WH) and white non-Hispanic (WNH) high school students because increasing incidence and delayed diagnosis of skin cancer i n the growing Hispanic population

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

in the United States represent an emerging health is sue. DESIGN: Pilot survey study. SETTING: A high school in Miami, Florida. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 369 high school students (221 WHs and 148 WNHs) were surveyed in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survey data were collected regarding skin cancer  knowledge, perceived risk, and sun protection behaviors. Differences between the 2 groups were compared with chi(2) tests. RESULTS: White Hispanic students were more likely to tan deeply (P = .04) but less likely to have heard of (P < .01) or been told how to perform (P < .01) skin self-examination. White Hispanics were less like ly to wear sun-protective clothing or to use sunscreen with a sun protection factor of  15 or higher and reported a greater use of tanning beds. White Hispanic students also thought their chance of developing skin cancer was less than that of WNH students (P < .01), which remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, family history, and skin sensitivity to sun. After adjustment, WHs were 2.5 times more likely than WNHs to have u sed a tanning bed in the past year. Wh ite Hispanics were also 60% less likely to have heard of skin self-examination (P < .01) and 70% less likely than WNHs to have ever been told to perform the examination (P = .03). White Hispanics are about 1.8 and 2 times more likely to never or rarely wear  protective clothing (P < .01) and to use sunscreen (P = .01), respectively. CONCLUSION: There are disparities in knowledge, perceived risk of skin cancer, and sun-protective behaviors among WH and WNH high school students. Humans; comparative study; Skin Neoplasms; Pilot Projects; Health Behavior; Female; European Continental Ancestry Group; Male; Florida; Health Surveys; research support, n.i.h., extramural; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice;  Adolescent Behavior; Hispanic Americans; Adolescent

MacFarlane, Deborah F.; Alonso, Carol A. (2009): Occurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancers on the hands after  UV nail light exposure. In: Arch Dermatol, Jg. 145, H. 4, S. 447–449. Abstract BACKGROUND: Exposure to tanning beds, which contain mostly high-dose UV-A emitters, is a known cause of photoaging. E vidence is also accumulating for an association between tanning bed use and the development of skin cancer. Another  source of high-dose UV-A is UV nail lights, available for use in the home and in beauty salons. OBSERVATIONS: Two healthy middle-aged women with no personal or family history of skin cancer developed nonmelanoma skin cancers on the dorsum of their hands. Both women report previous exposure to UV nail lights. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that exposure to UV nail lights is a risk factor for the development of skin cancer; however, this observation warrants further  investigation. In addition, awareness of this possible as sociation may help physicians identify more skin cancers and better educate their patients. Schlagwörter  case reports; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Humans; Middle Aged; Ski n Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Beauty Culture; Nails; Hand Marks, P. V.; Belchetz, P. E.; Saxena, A.; Igbaseimokumo, U.; Thomson, S.; Nelson, M. et al. (2000): Effect of  photodynamic therapy on recurrent pituitary adenomas: clinical phase I/II trial‐an early report. In: Br J Neurosurg, Jg. 14, H. 4, S. 3 17–325. Abstract Pituitary adenomas, although histologically benign, are not always curable by surgery alone, principally because of dural infiltration, as we ll as their peculiar  anatomical location. Radiotherapy has been employed as an adjuvant therapy to address residual disease with favourable results. This approach is, however, not without side effects, and it cannot be repeated. W e are therefore investigating the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on recurrent pituitary adenomas in humans. This study details the protocol applied to 1 2 patients with recurrent pituitary adenomas, which involved systemic administration of photosensitizer  (Photofrin) followed, after a period of 24-48 h, by intraoperative illumination of the tumour bed using 630 nm laser light. The primary end points were visual, endocrine and radiological improvement. The incidence of side effects was also monitored.

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

The longest follow-up is 2 years. Most patients suffering from visual acuity or field defects have shown improvement when followed for 12 months or more. Three patients showed complete recovery of their visual fields. All those who presented with functional adenomas have shown reduction in their hormone levels. Tumour  volume, relative to the preoperative size, was 122, 8 7, 66, 60 and 46% at 4 days, and 3, 6, 18 and 24 months, respectively. One patient developed severe skin photosensitization due to early exposure to direct sunlight and three others displayed minor skin reactions. There was no treatment-related mortality or  morbidity. One patient (operated transcranially) developed hemiparesis postoperatively, which recovered completely. We think this is unrelated to the treatment. This prospective study demonstrates that PDT may be safely applied to the pituitary fossa by the trans-sphenoidal route and indicates t he need for a randomized, controlled trial in order to establish its therapeutic potential. research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; clinical trial, phase i; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Adenoma; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Pilot Projects; Female; clinical trial; Male; Aged; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; clinical trial, phase ii; Photochemotherapy; Adult; Pituitary Neoplasms

Mawn, V. B.; Fleischer, A. B. (1993): A survey of attitudes, beliefs, and behavior regarding tanning bed use, sunbathing, and sunscreen use. In: J Am Acad Dermatol, Jg. 29, H. 6, S. 959–962. Abstract BACKGROUND: Although cosmetic tanning and unprotected solar exposure are common, little is known about general attitudes, beliefs, and behavior regarding sunbathing, sunscreen use, and tanning salon use. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the frequency of UV exposure in a select sample and to assess the knowledge and beliefs of the effects of UV irradiation. METHODS: A written, anonymous questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 477 persons in a shopping mall, at a social gathering, and on a vacation cruise ship. The instrument explored demographic information, sunscreen use, sunbathing habits, tanning bed use, and cutaneous solar effects. RESULTS: Forty-two percent of respondents s eldom or  never used sunscreen, and 33% sunbathed at least once a week. Although the three sample populations differed in education, sunbathing habits, sunscreen use, and tanning bed use, they were equally informed about UV light hazards. Compared with those who had not used tanning b eds, tanning bed users were more likely to be female and more knowledgeable about th e long-term effects of UV. Tanning beds were most commonly used in tanning or hair salons, (mean 23 +/- 7 minutes at 2.3 +/- 1.1 times per week). Reported positive psychologic sequelae from tanning bed use were more common than negative physical sequelae. At least 10% would continue to use tanning beds if these were proved to cause skin cancer. CONCLUSION: In this select sample, sunbathing and tanning bed use were common. No group surveyed universally practiced sun protection and avoidance. Clientele of tanning beds may be aware of the damaging effects of the sun, but may not be aware that tanning bed use is associated with skin damage. Schlagwörter  Humans; Middle Aged; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Se x Factors; Male; Skin; Aged; Time Factors; Beauty Culture; Aged, 80 and over; Public Opinion; Adult; Age Factors; Occupational Exposure; Questionnaires; Sunscreening Agents; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Adolescent McMullen, E. A.; Dolan, O. M.; McCarron, P.; Kee, F. (2007): Reliability testing of a sun exposure questionnaire for the Northern Ireland population. In: J Eur A cad Dermatol Venereol, Jg. 21, H. 8, S. 1071–1073. Abstract BACKGROUND: Sunbathing and other types of exposure to ultraviolet radiation are the major preventable risk factors for skin cancer. Due to the continued increase in incidence of melanoma in Northern Ireland, we have conducted a questionnaire survey in an attempt to gather information about sunbathing habits an d other forms of ultraviolet light exposure amongst the Northern Ireland population. AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of a questionnaire used in a large-scale cross-sectional population survey pertaining to sunbathing habits, use of 

Sunbeds - Citavi sun screen, skin types, and frequencies of sunburn and to assess the responses given by the subjects to determine the nature of their sun-related behaviour. METHODS: Thirty control subjects were randomly selected from a population control sample participating in a large case-control study investigating melanoma in the Northern Ireland population. All participants completed the interview questionnaire on two occasions, with a median of 15 days (range, 12-42 days) between interviews. We randomly chose control subjects who had been visited by the same research nurse, thus ruling out interobserver bias in the analyses. We used the test-retest method. Kappa statistics were used to calculate the association between test and retest scores of all the i ndividual items. If the items contained within the questionnaire are reliable, then repeated measurement after a fairly s hort period of time should result in high within-subject repeatability. RESULTS: Questions pertaining to hours spent in the sun and sun bed usage showed high reliability (kappa > 0.7). Questions about sunscreen usage showed moderately high reliability (kappa > 0.6) in all but one of the 10-year age bands and complete agreement (kappa = 1) in one age category (>50 years). CONCLUSION: This questionnaire is a reliable method of assessing sun-associated behaviour  identifying high-risk sun-related behaviour and misconceptions about tanning, which can be targeted for improvement in public health. Schlagwörter 

Reproducibility of Results; Humans; Female; Health Be havior; Male; Case-Control Studies; Sunlight; Adult; Ireland; Questionnaires

Patel, Gopal A.; Ragi, Gangaram; Krysicki, Jan; Schwartz, Robert A. (2008): Subungual melanoma: a deceptive disorder. In: Acta Dermatovenerol Croat, Jg. 16, H. 4, S. 236–242. Abstract Subungual melanoma is an uncommon form of acral melanoma that arises within the nail bed. The incidence for acral melanomas is similar worldwide, but the proportion is higher in dark-skinned individuals. The subungual form represents about 2% of cutaneous non-sun induced melanomas in the w estern world, and up to 75% in Africans, 10% in Japanese, and 25% in the Chinese of Hong Kong. Up to 33% of subungual melanomas are amelanotic. Black pigmentation of the adjacent nail fold, termed Hutchinson‘s sign, may be a diagnostic clue. Non-specific features and symptoms along with a high incidence of amelanosis often lead to delayed diagnosis, disease progression, and a poor prognosis with challenging treatment options. Schlagwörter  Humans; Skin Neoplasms; review; Melanoma; Nail Diseases Rafnsson, Vilhjalmur; Hrafnkelsson, Jon; Tulinius, Hrafn; Sigurgeirsson, Bardur; Olafsson, Jon H. (2004): Risk factors for malignant melanoma in an Icelandic population sample. In: Prev Med, Jg. 39, H. 2, S. 247–252. Abstract OBJECTIVES: To describe the constitutional risk factors for malignant melanoma and exposure to sunlight in a population sample in Iceland. METHODS: Information on various risk factors for malignant melanoma was collected through mailed questionnaires sent to a random sample of the Icelandic population. The information collected was the first phase of a prospective study on malignant melanoma among aircrew members as compared to a population sample. RESULTS: The overall participation rate was about 50%. Seven percent of women and six percent of men had red hair color. Blue or green eye color was reported among 89% of women and 87% of men. Sixteen percent of women aged 20 to 39 had used sun beds more than 100 times during their lifetime, while the corresponding figure was 12% for men of the same age. Younger age groups had more sunny vacations than the older age groups. The frequency of sunburn differed in the groups with reported different skin types according to Fitzpatrick classification. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence o f sun bed usage among young women is concurrent with the increased incidence of malignant melanoma among young women registered in the nationwide cancer registry. Yo ung people have more often used sun beds and taken sunny vacation than the older, indicating a changed behavior in the population.

Sunbeds - Citavi Schlagwörter 

Iceland; Incidence; Prospective Studies; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Prevalence; Female; Male; Time Factors; Melanoma; Sunlight; Adult; Environmental Exposure; Questionnaires

Rhainds, M.; Guire, L. de; Claveau, J. (1999): A population-based survey on the use of artificial tanning devices in the Province of Québec, Canada. In: J Am Acad Dermatol, Jg. 40, H. 4, S. 572–576. Abstract BACKGROUND: The suntanning industry has grown up over the last decade in North America, mainly because tanned skin is socially desirable and artificial tanning is perceived as a "safe tan." H owever, exposure to UV radiation is known to cause adverse health effects. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of use of tanning equipment in the Province of Québec and to characterize people who reported using these devices. ME THODS: In 1996, a telephone survey was carried out among adults from the tw o most densely populated regions (Montréal, Québec) of the Province of Québec. The final sample included 1003 white persons 18 to 60 years ol d. Interviewers used a standardized questionnaire to document the characteristics of the participant, skin phototype, and exposure habits to artificial UV radiation sources. R ESULTS: During the last 5 years before the survey, 20.2% of the respondents reported they had used, at least once, a tanning device in a commercial tanning salon. The rate of use during the last 12 months before the study was 11.1%. A significantly higher proportion of female, young people (18 to 34 years old) and single persons was found among tanning bed users. Twenty-six percent of users experienced one or more acute adverse health effects from the artificial UV irradiation. Mos t of these were cases of skin burns. A high proportion (77.5%) of those who used tanning equipment during the last year before the study said they would return to tanning salons. The intention of  returning to a tanning salon was not influenced by the occurrence of the acute adverse health effects. The most prevalent reason given for using tanning equipment was "to improve their appearance by a tan." Most people (60.4%) who used a tanning bed during the last 5 years before the study believe that tanning salons are not dangerous. CONCLUSION: This s urvey indicates that tanning bed use is very prevalent in the Province of Québec, mainly among young women. The high rate of acute adverse health effects related to a rtificial tanning, particularly skin burns, is of concern. Finally, our results underline the importance of changing attitudes and beliefs in the population regarding artificial tanning. Schlagwörter  research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Cross-Sectional Studies; Population Surveillance; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Ultraviolet Therapy; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Sunburn; Male; Heliotherapy; Quebec; Adult; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Adolescent Robb-Nicholson, Celeste (2009): By the way, doctor. Does tanning in a tanning bed cause less damage than natural sunlight. In: Harv Womens Health Watch, Jg. 17, H. 1, S. 8. Sch Schlagwörter Human mans; Skin kin Neoplasms; Ultr ltraviolet let Rays; Female; Women‘s Hea Health; Skin Skin Pigmentation; Melanoma; Beauty Culture; Sunlight; Suntan; Health Knowledge,  Attitudes, Practice Roberts, Daniel J.; Hornung, Carlton A.; Polk, Hiram C. (2009): Another duel in the sun: weighing the balances between sun protection, tanning beds, and malignant melanoma. In: Clin Pediatr (Phila), Jg. 48, H. 6, S. 614–622. Abstract OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report is to put the dueling factors of risk and prevention for melanoma in perspective for the thoughtful pediatric specialist to facilitate preteen preventive health counseling. STUDY DESIGN: We examined the rate of malignant melanoma among Kentucky residents and compared this rate with indicators of tanning bed prevalence in a large metropolitan area and sunscreen sales from a major distributor. We obtained malignant melanoma annual incidence data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry, which recorded Kentucky population incidence rates over the years 1995 to 2004. The rates reflected 2 malignant

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

melanoma classifications: pre-invasive cancer only, or both invasive and noninvasive cancers combined. RESULTS: The age-adjusted incidence rate per  hundred thousand for combined invasive and pre-invasive malignant melanoma swelled from 21.9 in 1995 to 31.3 in 2004. The respective invasive-only malignant melanoma incidence rates increased less dramatically, from 17.3 to 20.7, during this same 10-year time period. Since 1983, the number of separate tanning bed businesses increased from 1 in 1983 to 119 by the mid-1990s, and then declined to about 74 separate businesses by 2003. Sunscreen sales data is uneven between states and is currently inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: Although current data cannot draw a precise link between melanoma and the use of tanning beds, the associated risk is implicit, as the ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in tanning bed usage is a well-established melanoma risk factor. In advising patients, the pediatric specialist should consider that melanoma rates are poised as a balance of  some known risk factors and a few po tential preventive factors. research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Incidence; Risk Reduction Behavior; Patient Education as Topic; Humans; comparative study; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Counseling; Prevalence; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Skin Pigmentation; Male; Melanoma; Kentucky; Beauty Culture; Sunlight; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Sunscreening Agents; Registries

Roth, D. E.; Hodge, S. J.; Callen, J. P. (1989): Possible ultraviolet A-induced lentigines: a side effect of chronic tanning salon usage. In: J Am A cad Dermatol, Jg. 20, H. 5 P t 2, S. 950–954. Abstract A pa patient who de developed le lentigines af after pr prolonged ul ultraviolet A (U (UVA) ex exposure in a tanning booth is described. The patient had no exposure to psoralens or  furocoumarins. Histologic examination of a representative lentigo revealed melanocytic hyperplasia and cytologic atypia. Increased nevocytic activity with histologic dysplasia was present in several j unctional nevi excised during the period of UVA exposure. Several studies have revealed significant effects of UVA on melanocytes. Patients should be cautioned to avoid t anning bed use in view of  these potentially deleterious effects. Schlagwörter  case reports; Humans; Lentigo; Skin Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Phototherapy; Heliotherapy; Adult; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome Salvador Alonso, R.; Lahbabi, I.; B en Hassel, M.; Boisselier, P.; Ch aari, N.; Lesimple, T. et al. (2008): [Merkel cell carcinoma: outcome and role of radiotherapy]. In: Cancer Radiother, Jg. 12, H. 5, S. 35 2–359. Abstract Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) are rare neuroendocrine malignant tumor of the skin, occurring in elderly patients. It affects primarily the s un-exposed areas of the skin, with approximately 50% of all tumors occurring in the face and neck and 40% in the extremities. Immunohistochemical markers (CK20+, CK7- and TTF1-) are used to distinguish between MCC and other tumors. MCC have a tendency to rapid local progression, frequent spread to regional lymph nodes and distant metastases. Due to the rarity of the disease, the optimal treatment has not been fully defined. Localized stages (stages I and II) are treated by surgical excision of the primary tumor (with 2 to 3 cm margin) and lymphadenectomy in case of node-positive disease, followed by external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to a total dose of 50 to 60Gy in the tumor bed. Adjuvant EBR T has been shown to decrease markedly locoregional recurrences and to increase survival in recent studies. Treatment of  lymph nodes area is more controversial. Chemotherapy is recommended only fo r  metastatic disease. Schlagwörter  Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome; review; Female; Male; english abstract; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell Savona, M. R.; Jacobsen, M. D.; James, R.; Owen, M. D. (2005): Ultraviolet radiation and the risks of cutaneous malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: perceptions and behaviours of Danish and American adolescents. In: Eur J Cancer Prev, Jg. 14, H. 1, S. 57–62. Abstract The highest prevalence rates of skin malignancy in the northern hemisphere occur  

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

in Scandinavia and the United States (USA). Most Danes and Americans receive 50% of their lifetime ultraviolet (UV) radiation before the age of 21, making it important to address sun exposure risks with adolescents. The project was undertaken to determine differences between Danish and American adolescents i n knowledge of sun exposure and skin malignancy, activi ties accounting for sun exposure, and means used for sun protection. Questionnaires regarding skin cancer and sun exposure were distributed to 674 secondary sc hool age students in Hilleroed, Denmark, and to 483 similarly aged students in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. Differences in responses between and within groups were compared. American adolescents had more knowledge of the characteristics and malignant potential of melanoma than did Danish adolescents. Danish youth and females from both countries were significantly more likely to engage in sunbathing and tanning bed use. Black Danish students reported significantly more sunburn and were more likely to sunbathe or use a tanning bed than were black American students. Danish students were more likely than A mericans to use sunscreen, however, Americans were more likely to apply s un protective factor (SPF) 15 or  greater. In conclusion, given that sunbathing and tanning bed use are associated with the development of precancerous lesions and skin malignancy, Danish teens are at increased risk. The rates of skin malignancy are relatively high in Scandinavia and efforts to improve understanding of exposure and cancer risks should be undertaken in adolescents. research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Humans; comparative study; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Health Behavior; Female; United States; Sex Factors; Male; Melanoma; Health Surveys; Perception; Adult; Denmark; Environmental Exposure; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent

Schulman, Joshua M.; Fisher, David E. (2009): Indoor ultraviolet tanning and skin cancer: health risks and opportunities. In: Curr Opin Oncol, Jg. 21, H. 2, S. 144–149. Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Skin cancer incidence is higher than that of any other   human malignancy, and yet one of its root c auses [ultraviolet (UV) radiation] is perhaps better understood than any other human carcinogen. The roles of UV radiation exposure and indoor tanning behaviors on skin cancer risk are explored here. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies from the past several years have shown a significant association between ever-use of an indoor tanning facility and an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cel l carcinoma, and melanoma. The association between indoor tanning and skin cancer is particularly strong among those who first used a tanning facility in early adulthood. Elevated vitamin D levels have been suggested to protect against various internal malignancies and other disease states, but sources of vitamin D that do not require UV exposure are easily available. SUMMARY: Although additional research is needed to understand fully the relationship between UV and ski n cancer, it is already clear that i ndoor  tanning bed use represents an avoidable risk factor for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer - both of which may be lethal. Acting upon this information provides a unique opportunity for protecting the public health. Schlagwörter  Humans; Vitamin D; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; review; Ultraviolet Rays; Melanoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Beauty Culture; Carcinoma, B asal Cell Sheehan, Daniel J.; Lesher, Jack L. (20 05): The effect of sunless tanning on behavior in the sun: a pilot study. In: South Med J, Jg. 98, H. 12, S. 1192–1195. Abstract BACKGROUND: In In the United States, indoor tanning is a booming industry and contributes to the ultraviolet light (UVL) burden that ultimately leads to skin cancer. "Sunless" tanning methods that avoid UVL exposure may represent a safe alternative. However, the effects of sunless tanning methods on ultraviolet lightrelated behaviors have never been investigated. METHODS: A nonymous survey of  121 individuals who underwent a spray-on sunless tanning treatment between February and May 2004. RESULTS: Women completed 107 surveys. Men

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

completed 14 surveys. The majority of individuals reported that they had not or  would not change their time spent outdoors or their sunscreen use as a result of  undergoing sunless tanning. However, 73% of individuals who had used UVL tanning beds said they had decreased or would decrease their UVL tanning bed use. CONCLUSION: Sunless tanning i s associated with a self-reported decrease in traditional UVL tanning bed use among tanning bed users. Physicians should advocate the use of sunless tanning to their p atients who use traditional UVL tanning beds as a means of decreasing their U VL exposure and cancer risk. Humans; Dihydroxyacetone; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Pilot Projects; Health Behavior; Female; Skin Pigmentation; Male; Health Surveys; Sunlight; Adult; Sunscreening Agents; Adolescent

Situm, Mirna; Buljan, Marija; Bulat, V edrana; Lugović Mihić, Liborija; Bolanca, Zeljana; Simić, Dubravka (2008): The role of UV radiation in the development of basal cell carcinoma. In: Coll Antropol, Jg. 32 Suppl 2, S. 167–170. Abstract Basal cell carcinoma (basalioma, BCC) is undoubtedly the most common malignant skin cancer and the most common human malignancy in general, with the continuous increase in its incidence. BCC is generally a disorder of white individuals, especially those with fair skin. UV radiation is the most important risk factor in the development of BCC. Short-wavelength UVB radiation (290-320 nm, sunburn rays) is believed to play a greater role in BCC formation than longwavelength UVA radiation (320-400 nm, tanning rays). A latency period of 20-50 years is typical between the time of UV damage and the clinical onset of BCC. Therefore, in most cases BCC develops on chronically sun-exposed skin in elderly people, most commonly in the area of head and neck. UVB radiation damages DNA and its repair system and alters the immune system resulting in a progressive genetic alterations and formation of neoplasm. UV-induced mutations in th e TP53 tumor-suppressor gene have been found in about 50% of BCC cases. The mutations that activate the Hedgehog intercellular signaling pathway g enes, including PTCH, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Smoothened (Smo) play a significant role in cutaneous carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate the hi gher  incidence of the BCC in more equatorial latitudes than in polar latitudes. Other risk factors for the development of BCC include sun bed use, family history of skin cancers, skin type 1 and 2, immunosuppression, previous radiotherapy, and chronic exposure to toxic substances such as inorganic arsenic. Although rarely metastatic, its malignant nature is sometimes emphasized by the local tissue destruction, disfigurement, and even death if left untreated. Due to extremely high incidence of  BCC medical professionals should be aware of the importance of the public education on the etiology of this tumor and the importance of the UV protection. Schlagwörter  Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Receptors, Cell Surface; review; Ultraviolet Rays; DNA Damage; Carcinoma, Basal Cell Strickland, J.; Sun, Y.; D ong, Z.; Colburn, N. H. (1997): Grafting assay dis tinguishes promotion sensitive from promotion resistant JB6 cells. In: Carcinogenesis, Jg. 18, H. 6, S. 1135–1138. Abstract The JB6 mouse epidermal cell sy system has be been used extensively as an in vitro transformation model for the study of tumor promotion. The standard JB6 c ell assay for promotion of transformation is carried out in soft agar or other anchorage independent conditions. The present study was directed to the development of an in vivo model to distinguish the promotion resistant (P-) and promotion sensitive (P+) progression phenotypes. Results indicate that the grafting assay distinguishes Pand P+ cells in vivo with P+ but not P- cells forming tumors within 7-9 weeks. Expression of dominant negative mutant jun TAM67 blocks both anchorage independent transformation response and graft bed tumor formation by P+ cells, suggesting that the requirement for AP-1 activation in transformation now applies in vivo. Expression of mutated p53 produced a gain of P+ phenotype in P- cells in vitro, but not in vivo. Histochemical and Northern blot analysis for expression of 

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

various keratinocyte markers revealed no evidence for expression, suggesting a loss of keratinocyte markers following establishment in culture. In summary, the skin-grafting assay described in this study appears to be a valid in vivo assay for  distinguishing the preneoplastic progression phenotypes represented by JB6 P- and P+ cells. Mice, Inbred BALB C; Animals; comparative study; Skin Neoplasms; Neoplasm Transplantation; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Cell Line, Transformed; Fibroblasts; Phenotype; Mutation; Sensitivity and Specificity; Disease Models,  Animal; Male; Mice, Nude; Skin; Carcinogens; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Mice, Inbred SENCAR; Transcription Factor AP-1; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Mice

Thomson, M. A.; Suggett, N. R.; Nightingale, P. G.; Milford, D. V.; Baumann, U.; Kelly, D. A. et al. (2007): Skin surveillance of a U.K. paediatric transplant population. In: Br J Dermatol, Jg. 156, H. 1, S. 45–50. Abstract BACKGROUND: Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of skin cancer. Melanoma is less common than nonmelanoma skin c ancer (NMSC) although the relative proportion of melanoma among skin cancers has been shown to be higher in paediatric than adult recipients. Multiple melanocytic naevi and/or  atypical naevi may be a risk factor for the development of melanoma. The relationship between naevus counts and phenotypic characteristics, disease-related variables and sun exposure has not been explored in paediatric transplant patients. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of premalignant and malignant skin lesions and to identify known risk factors associated with benign and atypical melanocytic naevi in a U.K. paediatric transplant population. METHODS: Paediatric (< or = 19 years) renal and liver transplant patients, w ho were 5 or more years posttransplantation, were reviewed over 12 months. Lifetime history of sun exposure, episodes of sunburn, sunny holidays, sunscreen use, sun bed use, demographic and transplantation details were collected using interview, questionnaire and case note review. A skin examination was performed for regional counts of malignant lesions, benign and atypical naevi. RESULTS: Ninety-eight patients (82 liver, 13 renal, three multiorgan) with a median follow up of 9 years (range 5-16) were reviewed. Neither skin cancer nor premalignant lesions for NMSC were detected in this group. Eighty-five patients had benign naevi (median 6 , range 1-57). Clinical risk factors for increased counts of benign naevi i ncluded increasing age (P = 0.03), more episodes of sunburn (P = 0.003) and prolonged treatment with cyclosporin (P = 0.009). The presence of atypical naevi in six patients was significantly associated with more episodes of sunburn (P = 0.006) and more transplants (P = 0.04). Other  variables including phenotype, skin type, sun exposure, holidays abroad, residence abroad and total duration of immunosuppression did not correlate with be nign or  atypical naevus counts. CONCLUSIONS: Skin cancer was not observed in paediatric solid organ transplant recipients who were 5-16 years p osttransplantation. Both benign and atypical naevus counts were higher in children with frequent episodes of sunburn. As both naevi a nd sunburn are risk factors for  melanoma, we should target fair-skinned transplant recipients with naevi f or  intensive sun avoidance education. A prospective, longitudinal follow-up study should determine the onset of skin cancer post-transplantation and the significance of benign and atypical naevus counts in this cohort. Schlagwörter  Immunosuppression; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Female; Sunburn; Male; Melanoma; Nevus, Pigmented; Adult; Transplantation; Adolescent Ting, William; Schultz, Kara; Cac, Natalie N.; Peterson, Michael; Walling, Hobart W. (2007): Tanning bed exposure increases the risk of malignant melanoma. In: I nt J Dermatol, Jg. 46, H. 12, S . 1253–1257. Abstract BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have associated tanning bed exposure and cutaneous melanoma. The relationship between the extent of tanning bed e xposure and the risk of melanoma has not been el ucidated in detail. METHODS: Surveys assessing the extent of tanning bed exposure and the history of skin cancer,

Sunbeds - Citavi

Schlagwörter 

including malignant melanoma, were collected from academic dermatology clinic patients (n = 1518). Of these, 551 (36.3%) completed all components of the survey. The available medical records, including pathology reports (n = 501; 33%), were reviewed to confirm cases of skin cancer. Data on potential confounding factors, including indoor vs. outdoor occupation and leisure activities, Fitzpatrick skin type, history of blistering sunburn, use of sunscreen and sun protective clothing, history of phototherapy, and level of education, were assessed and compared. RESULTS: Of the patients surveyed, 487 (32.1%) reported tanning bed exposure. Women aged 45 years or younger accounted for about 60% of all tanning bed users. Seventy-nine cases of malignant melanoma were reported, 22 in w omen aged 45 years or younger. In the entire cohort, the "ever-use" of tanning beds was found to be a significant risk factor for the development of melanoma [P < 0.05; odds ratio (OR), 1.64; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.01-2.67]. The risk was greater in women aged 45 years or younger (P < 0.05; OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.01-11.46). Patients with a history of melanoma were significantly more likely to report tanning bed sessions exceeding 20 min (P < 0.01; OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.48-6.82); this association was even stronger for women aged 45 years or younger (OR, 4.12; 95% CI, 1.41-12.02). LIMITATIONS: The study was subject to recall bias, included only patients at a midwestern academic practice, and had a relatively low response rate. CONCLUSION: Exposure to tanning beds increases the risk of malignant melanoma, especially in women aged 45 years or y ounger. These findings reinforce the hazards of tanning bed exposure. Logistic Models; research support, non-u.s. gov‘t; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays; Female; Sex Factors; Male; M elanoma; Aged; Time Factors; Beauty Culture; Adult; Age Factors; Adolescent

Zabawski, E. J.; Washak, R. V.; Cohen, J. B.; Cockerell, C. J.; Brown, S. M. (2001): Squamous cell carcinoma of  the nail bed: is finger predominance another clue to etiology? A report of 5 cases. In: Cutis, Jg. 67, H. 1, S. 59–64. Abstract Although squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is commonly found on sun-exposed skin, the occurrence of this malignancy in the nail bed is rare. We report 5 cases of SCC of the nail bed and suggest that the di sproportionate number of neoplasms of this type on the second, third, and fourth fingers, combined with the known relationship of SCC and human papillomavirus (HPV), is evidence that most SCC of the nail bed result from contact with HPV. Moreover, we suggest that patients who present with new, verrucous lesions of the nail bed and have a history of cervical dysplasia, cervical carcinoma, or condyloma acuminata undergo diagnostic biopsy as opposed to traditional destructive therapy for a lesion presumed benign. Schlagwörter  case reports; Humans; Middle Aged; Fingers; Tumor Virus Infections; Papillomavirus Infections; Female; Male; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Papillomaviridae; Aged, 80 and over; Nail Diseases

Sponsor Documents

Or use your account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Forgot your password?

Or register your new account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link to create a new password.

Back to log-in

Close