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S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Term –I

Subject Code No. 207003 206261 206262 206263 206264 206265

Subject

Teaching scheme Hrs./Week Lect. 04 04 04 03 03 -18 Tutorial ---01 01 -02 Pract. -02 -02 02 02 08 Paper 100 100 100 100 100 -500

Examination Scheme T/W ---25 25 50 100 Pract. -50 -50 50 -150 Oral -------Total 100 150 100 175 175 50 750

Engineering MathematicsIII Analog Techniques Materials and processes for sensors Sensors and Transducers-I Basic Instrumentation Communication Skills Total

Term-II

Subject Code No. 206266 206267 206268 206269 206270

Subject

Teaching scheme Hrs./Week Lect. 04 04 04 03 03 18 36 Tutorial ---01 01 02 04 Pract. 02 02 02 02 Paper 100 100 100 100 100 500 1000

Examination Scheme T/W -50 -25 25 100 200 Pract. 50 -50 50 -150 300 Oral -------Total 150 150 150 175 125 750 1500

Digital Techniques Automatic Control System Linear Techniques Sensors and Transducers-II Network Theory Total Total Term-I & Term-II

08 16

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.

207003 Teaching Scheme: Lectures: 4 hrs./week

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – III Examination Scheme: Paper: 100 marks Duration: 3 hrs. Section I

Unit I: Linear Differential Equations (LDE) …. (08 Hours) General nth order LDE. Solution of nth order LDE with constant coefficients. PI by variation of parameters. Cauchy’s & Legendre’s DE. Solution of Simultaneous & Symmetric Simultaneous DE. Applications to Electrical circuits. Unit II: Complex Variables (08 Hours) Functions of complex variables, Analytic functions, C-R equations, Conformal mapping, Billinear transformation, Residue theorem, Cauchy’s Integral theorem & Cauchy’s Integral formula (without proofs). Unit III: Transforms (10 Hours) Fourier Transform (FT): Fourier Integral theorem. Sine & Cosine Integrals. Fourier Transform, Fourier Cosine Transform, Fourier Sine Transforms and their inverses. Problems on Wave equation. Introductory Z Transform (ZT): Definition, Std. Properties (without proof), ZT of std. Sequences & Inverse. Solution of simple difference equations. Section II Unit IV: Laplace Transform (LT) (10 Hours) Definition of LT, Inverse LT. Properties & theorems. LT of standard functions. LT of some special functions viz. error, 1st order Bessel’s, Periodic, Unit Step, Unit Impulse and ramp. Problems on finding LT & inverse LT. Applications of LT for solving ordinary differential equations. Unit V: Vector Calculus (08 Hours) Vector Differentiation & its physical interpretation. Vector differential operator. Gradient, Divergence & Curl. Directional derivative. Vector identities. Unit VI: Vector Analysis (08 Hours) Line, Surface & Volume integrals. Conservative, Irrotational & Solenoidal fields. Scalar potential. Gauss’s, Stoke’s & Green’s theorems (without proofs). Applications to problems in Electromagnetic Fields. Text Books: 1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 5e, by Peter V. O'Neil (Thomson Learning). 2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (Wiley Eastern Ltd.). Reference Books: 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wylie C.R. & Barrett L.C. (McGraw-Hill, Inc.) Higher Engineering Mathematics by B. S. Grewal (Khanna Publication, Delhi). Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2e, by M. D. Greenberg (Pearson Education). Engineering Mathematics by B.V. Raman (Tata McGraw-Hill). Applied Mathematics (Volumes I and II) by P. N. Wartikar & J. N. Wartikar (Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune). Advanced Engineering Mathematics with MATLAB, 2e, by Thomas L. Harman, James Dabney and Norman Richert (Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning).

206261: Analog Techniques

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Teaching Scheme Lectures: 3 Hrs./ Week Practical: 2 Hrs./ Week Examination Scheme Paper : 100 Marks Practical : 50 Marks

UNIT 1: Transistor Circuits Transistor configurations and characteristics (CE, CB, CC), biasing circuits and their comparison, stability factor and thermal runaway Field Effect Transistor ? JFET, construction, transfer characteristics, biasing techniques. Introduction to MOSFET and IGBT ? construction and working principle. UNIT 2: Amplifiers Small signal amplifiers, its DC and AC analysis (hybrid parameters), types of coupling (direct, RC, transformer), frequency response of transistor amplifier, and introduction to high frequency analysis Multistage amplifiers (Darlington pair, cascade) UNIT 3: Differential Amplifier Differential amplifier, CMRR, transfer characteristics of differential amplifier with constant current source, current mirror Differential amplifier using FET, fundamentals of OP AMP, OP AMP characteristics, equivalent circuit of OP AMP, Inverting, Non-inverting amplifier and voltage follower configurations of OP AMP UNIT 4: Feedback Amplifier and Oscillators Four types of feedback, effect of negative feedback on amplifier performance, wide band amplifier Concept of positive feedback, Barkhausen criteria, oscillators using BJT and FET, frequency stabilization (LC, RC, crystal) UNIT 5: Power Amplifiers Class A, Class B, Class C, Class AB power amplifiers, power calculations, Class B push pull amplifier, direct coupled push pull amplifier, complementary symmetry push pull amplifier UNIT 6: Introduction to Power Devices Characteristics, working principle and applications of photo transistor, photo diode, LDR, Solar cell, optocoupler, SCR, Diac, Triac and UJT Regulators ? shunt regulator, series regulator using zener diode and transistors Experiments -: 1. CE. CB input output characteristics of BJT. 2. Transistor biasing for CE configuration. ? potential divider, emittor bias, Q point for cut-off and saturation. 3. FET biasing - potential divider, fixed bias, Q point for cut-off and saturation. 4. Effect of coupling on RC coupled amplifier ? frequency response. 5. Differential amplifier ? measurement of CMRR, effect of constant current source. 6. OP AMP ? inverting and non-inverting mode for gain and frequency response. 7. Effect of negative feedback in CE amplifier 8. Class C power amplifier and efficiency calculations. 9. Characteristics and applications of photo transistor ? opto coupler. 10. Characteristics and applications of SCR and UJT.

Textbooks -: (i) Electronic Devices and Circuits - Millman Halkies (ii) Electronic Devices and Circuits - David Bell

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
(iii) Electronic Principles - Malvino (iv) Textbook of Basic Electronics - R. S. Sedha (v) Electronic Devices and Circuits - Allan Mottershed References -: (i) Operational Amplifiers - Tobey and Graceme (ii) Microelectronics ? Millman (iii) Datasheet of National Semiconductor

206262: Materials and Processes for Sensors Teaching Scheme : Lectures : 4 hrs./week Examination Scheme: Theory : 100 marks Duration : 3 hrs. Unit 1: Engineering Materials for Temperature and Conductive, Resistive sensors: Properties of materials: Thermal properties, specific heat, expansion, conductivity and selection criteria for transducer design e.g. mercury filled thermometer, solid expansion bimetallic thermometer. Thermoelectric properties of materials: Properties and selection of materials for thermocouples, thermistor and RTD. Electric properties: Properties of resistors, conductors, semi conductors, conductive plastics and super conducting materials. Unit 2:Materials for capacitive, ultrasonic and elastic transducers: Dielectric materials, dielectric polarization, dielectric constant and loss measurement, temperature and frequency effect, electric breakdown, ferroelectric materials. Elastic materials: Properties and selection of elastic materials for elastic transducers like spring, diaphragm, bellows, strain gauges, Piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials. Unit3: Materials for Specific Applications and Services Service performance of materials, corrosion reactions, Oxidation and Corrosion resistors, erosion, effect of vapor pressure, cavitations, flashing; high temperature materials, corrosion controls, Environmental degradation, Polymer material and its selection. Service performance of polymer materials, ceramic, mica, asbestos and other insulation materials. Materials for wiring, and packaging of instruments. Unit 4: Magnetic Materials Magnetic material, hysteresis, soft and hard magnetic materials, diamagnetism, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism, ferrites, effect of temperature on ferromagnetism, magnetic alloys and its characteristics. Selection of materials for LVDT, and in general for electromagnetic sensors. Materials for magnetic shielding. Unit 5: Photosensitive Materials and Biocompatible Materials Electro-optic ceramics and its characteristics, Photosensitive, laser materials, fiber optics materials Biocompatible materials, radioactive materials, Biomaterials (dental, bones, joints, heart) and its characteristics. Unit 6: Technologies, Materials and Processes Thin film, thick film, nano technology, general purpose materials for construction of equipments and plant, stainless steel, alloys, chromium, aluminum, platinum, ceramic, mica, Teflon, ebonite, control panel, phosphor bronze etc. Surface Engineering: Electroplating, Electro polishing, Conversion plating, Thin film plating, Thermal spraying, Organic coating and Anodizing, material selection and design consideration References Books: 1.N.Allgappan & N.T.Kumar, ‘Electrical Engineering Materials’, TTTI Madras, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing company ltd., 1988. 2.R.A.Higgi, ’Materails for the Engineering Technician’ 3rd edition, Arnold, International Students’ edition,

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
1997. 3.V. Raghvan, ‘Material Science and Engineering’, 4th edition, PHI publication, 2003 4.Kenneth G.Budinstoi & Michel K. Budinstoi, ‘Engineering Materials, Properties and Selection, PHI publication, 2002 5.William F. Smith,’ principles of Material Science & Engineering’, McGraw-Hill International edition, 1990. 6. Lawrence H. Van Vlack,” Elements of Material Science and Engineering”, 6th e/d, Addison-Wesley Publishing Copany, 1989 7. Rolf E. Hummel, “ Electronic Properties of Materials”, 3rd e/d, Springer, 2001 8. Erika Kress- Rogers,” Handbook of Biosensors and Electronic Noises, Medicine Food and the environment”, CRC press, 1997. 9. Sabrie Soloman,” Sensor Handbook”, McGraw Hill, 1999

206263: Lectures: 3 Hrs./ Week Tutorial: 1 Hr./ Week Practical: 2 Hrs./ Week

Sensors and Transducers - I Paper : 100 Marks Practical : 50 Marks Term work: 25 Marks

Prerequisite: Transducer Definition, Classification, and Performance Characteristics Unit 1: Displacement Measurement - I Resistive: Potentiometers, Strain gauge – classification (metallic, semiconductor), gauge factor, properties of gauge wire, rosettes, measurement circuits, compensation, Piezoelectric: Electrostatic, Piezoresistive, Equivalent circuits, Charge and voltage sensitivity. Inductive: LVDT – source frequency dependence and signal conditioning, RVDT, Variable reluctance, Self-inductance, Mutual inductance, Capacitive: Single plate, Differential capacitance cell, and Measurement circuits Unit 2: A) Displacement Measurement – II Magnetostrictive, Laser dimensional gauge, Fiber optic, Moire’s grating Digital Transducers: Encoders – Types of Translational and Rotary, Inductosyn Proximity Sensors – Inductive, Capacitive, Optical Flapper Nozzle: Sensitivity, Graph, Its application in air gauging B) Weight Measurement Load Cells – Electronic, Pneumatic, Hydraulic and their comparison C) Force Measurement Basic methods of force measurement, Strain gauges, LVDT, Piezoelectric, Vibrating Wire Unit 3: Pressure Measurement Pressure scales, Units and relations Manometers – U tube, Well type, Inclined tube, Ring balance, Micromanometer, Elastic – Bourdon, Diaphragm, Bellows and their types Electronic – LVDT, Strain gauge, Capacitive, Piezoelectric, Thin film, Variable reluctance, Vibrating element (Diaphragm and Wire) High Pressure Measurement – Bulk modulus cell, Bridgeman type Differential Pressure Measurement: Force balance, Motion balance, Capacitance delta cell, Ring balance DP cell, Diffused semiconductor strain gauges

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Unit 4: A) Vacuum measurement Units and relations McLeod gauge, Thermal Conductivity (Pirani, Thermocouple), Hot cathode ionization gauge, Molecular momentum (Knudsen) gauge, Cold Cathode ionization (Penning) gauge Calibrating Instruments – Dead Weight Tester (Pressure, Vacuum), Digital Manometer B) Temperature Measurement - I Temperature Scales, Units and relations, Classification of temperature sensors Mechanical: Bimetallic Thermometer – Working Principle, Various types Filled system thermometers – SAMA classifications, Sources of errors and their remedies, Dip effect Unit 5: Temperature Measurement - II Electrical: Resistance Temperature Detectors – Types and comparison, Circuits for lead wire compensation, Sources of errors and their remedies. Thermistor: Types (NTC, PTC), Measuring Circuits Thermocouple: Terminology, Types (B, E, J, K, R, S, T), Characteristics, Laws of thermoelectricity, Study of thermocouple tables, Lead wire compensation, Cold junction compensation techniques, Protection (Thermowell), EMF Measurement methods, Thermopiles Non-contact Types: Quartz crystal, Pyrometers (Total and Optical), Fiber Optic, Infrared Unit 6: A) Sound Measurement Concept of SPL, Typical sound measuring system (Sound level meter), Microphones (Capacitive, Piezoelectric, Electrodynamic, Carbon granule types) B) Shaft Power Measurement Dynamometer (servo control, absorption), Instantaneous power measurements, Alternator power measurement C) Torque Measurement Strain gauge, Torsion Bar, Feedback torque sensor D) Miscellaneous Leak Detector, Flame detector, Smoke detector Note: 1) All the above transducers are to be studied with reference to the operating principle, construction and working, materials of construction, calibration procedure, performance characteristics, Merits, Demerits and Applications. 2) Tutorial: Information with reference to manufacturers (Indigenous, foreign), Specifications, Cost, and Standards.

List of Experiments: 1. Characterization of strain gauge indicator and weight measurement using Load Cell. Objective: Adjustment of Zero and Span for strain gauge indicator. Plot the characteristics curve using load cell and calculation of sensitivity from the Characteristics. Find out the weight for unknown object. Equipment: Strain gauge indicator with cantilever beam, standard weights, Multimeter.

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.

2. Measurement of Displacement using LVDT. Objective: To plot the characteristics of LVDT and find the residual voltage. Find out the effect of supply frequency and supply magnitude on the characteristics and residual voltage. Equipment: LVDT displacement measurement setup, CRO, Function Generator. 3.Study of Encoder as displacement sensor. Objective: To measure the linear and angular displacement using Translational and Rotary encoders. To find the resolution of these encoders. Equipment: Translational and Rotary encoders measurement set up 4.To plot the characteristics of a) J/K/R/S/T Thermocouples ( any two types) b) Thermocouple simulator Objective: Find out the nonlineatity from the characteristics. Use of thermocouple reference table to find out the temperature. Necessity and use of Thermocouple simulator. Equipment: Temperature oven, J/K/R/S/T Thermocouples (any two), Multimeter, Temp.Indicator, thermocouple reference tables, Thermocouple simulator. 5.To plot the characteristics of a) RTD Pt100/Pt500/Pt1000 ( any two) b) RTD simulator Objective: Plot the characteristics curve for RTD and comparison between different types. Calculation of temperature using formula. Necessity and use of RTD simulator Equipment: Temperature oven, RTD Pt100/Pt500/Pt1000 (any two), Multimeter, Temp.Indicator, RTD simulator. 6.Measurement of Pressure using Bellows, Bourdon gauge, Diaphragm. Objective: Plot the characteristics curve and comparison for different pressure elements. Calculation of Sensitivity from the graph. Equipment: Bellows/Diaphragm/Bourdon gauges, Pneumatic supply with AFR unit, Digital pressure indicator.

7.Study of different types of Proximity switches. Objective: To understand working principle of various types of Proximity switches. To plot the sensing envelop for inductive proximity and effect of frequency on its sensitivity. Equipment: Different types of Proximity switches, CRO, Function/ Sine wave Generator. 8.Study of Dead Weight Tester. Objective: To understand the operating principle of Dead Weight Tester. To check the calibration of pressure gauge and find its error. Equipment: Dead Weight Tester, standard weights, different pressure gauges. 9.Study of Vacuum Gauge Tester. Objective: To understand the operating principle of Vacuum Gauge Tester. To check the calibration of Vacuum gauge and find its error.

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Equipment: Vacuum Gauge Tester, standard weights, different vacuum gauges. 10.Measurment of sound level. Objective: To understand the operating principle of sound level To establish relation between the sound level and distance. To find the sensitivity of Sound level meter Equipment: Sound level meter.

meter.

Note: Students are expected to perform minimum 8 experiments. Text Books : 1.Instrumentation Devices and Systems- Rangan , Sharma , Mani-Tata McGrawhill- Second Edition 2. Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis- Nakra , Chaudhary Tata McGrawhill-21st Reprint 3. Measurement SystemApplication and Design- E. O. Doebelin McGrawhill International- Fourth Edition 4. Transducers and Instrumentation- D. V. S. Murthy- PHI-Second Reprint1995 5. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation- D. Patranabis-Tata McGrawhill-7th Reprint,1986 6. Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation- A. K. Sawhney- Dhanpat Rai and Sons , Delhi-2002print 7. Mechanical and Industrial Measurement- R.K.Jain- Khanna Publications-9th print Reference Books : 1. Applied Instrumentation in Process Industries ( Vol. I )- Andrew , Williams- Gulf Publications Company- Second Edition 2. Process Measurement and Analysis- B. G. Liptak- Butterworth Heinemann- Third Edition 3. Jone’s Instrument Technology ( Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 )- B. E. Noltingk EL / BS- Fourth Edition 4. Process Control Instrumentation Technology- C. D. Jonhson- PHI-Seventh Edition

206264:

Basic Instrumentation

Lectures: 3 Hrs./ Week Tutorial: 1 Hr./ Week Practical: 2 Hrs./ Week Unit 1

Theory: 100 Marks Term Work: 25 Marks Practical: 50 Marks

1.1 Introduction: Definition of Instrumentation, SI units - basic and derived. 1.2 Static characteristics of instruments-accuracy, precision and significant figures, Sensitivity, Linearity and Non-linearity, reproducibility, drift connected instruments. 1.3 Introduction to Virtual Instrumentation, dead zone, hysteresis, threshold, resolution 1.4 Dynamic characteristics of instruments- transfer function, transient Response, steady state response, speed of response, measuring lag, fidelity, dynamic error. 1.5 Input and output impedance, loading effects, loading effects due to series and shunt (6) Unit 2 2.1 Fundamentals of measurement- Definition of measurement and measurand 2.2 Introduction to calibration- definition, tracibility 2.3 Infrastructural requirements of Calibration laboratory 2.4 Technical system requirements of Calibration laboratory

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
2.5 Quality system requirements of Calibration laboratory (8) Unit 3 3.1 Electrical measuring instruments: DC-Galvanometer, ammeter, voltmeter, multimeter, shunts and multipliers, design of multimeter, calibration of meters. 3.2 Potentiometers: Principles, Calibration and sensitivity of potentiometers, self-balancing ohmmeter,

potentiometers and multirange potentiometers. 3.3 Power and energy measuring instruments. 3.4 Introduction to Current transformer and Potential transformer, HV insulation testing (8) Unit 4 4.1 DC Bridges: Whetstone's bridge-design, arrangement of ratio arms, bridge sensitivity, errors in bridge circuit, null type and deflection type bridges, current sensitive and voltage sensitive bridges. Null sensitivity and calibration adjustments of Whetstone's bridge, Kelvin Bridge and current Balance Bridge, Applications of DC bridges. 4.2 AC bridges: Induction bridge (Maxwell's), capacitance bridge (Hey's), Wein's bridge, Schering's bridge, storage and dissipation factor, Applications of AC bridges.

(6) Unit 5 5.1 Recorders: Rectilinear recording, ink jet, ink pen, thermal, galvanometric recording, magnetic, ociilogarphic, hybrid recording, y-t, X-Y, single, multi channel recorders, driving systems for pen and chart, chart speed and their applications. 5.2 General purpose CRO: CRT block diagram, controls on CRO panel, measurement of amplitude, phase, frequency, time duration, rise and fall time. Z-modulation using CRO. 5.3 X-Y oscilloscope, Dual trace oscilloscope. (8) Unit 6 Mechanical Measurements: Study of Mechanical Measurements-Linear Measurements: line graduated measuring instruments, Vernier Caliper, Micrometer Screw Gauge. 6.1 Sine Bar, inclinometer 6.2 Introduction to limits, fits gauges. Testing and calibration of gauges and dynamic measurements. (6) List of Experiments 1.Design of multirange ammeter and voltmeter, conversion of ammeter into voltmeter. Objective: a) To introduce basic construction and operation of PMMC type of Instrument b) To extend the range of analog ammeters and voltmeters c) To convert one type of meter into other. Experimental Set-up: DC Ammeter and Voltmeter, resistance decade boxes or linear wire wound POTs, DC

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Power supply, connecting wires

2. Design of series and shunt type ohmmeter. Objective: 1. To convert the given dc ammeter into series type and shunt type of ohmmeter. Experimental Set-up: DC Ammeter, resistance decade boxes or linear wire wound POTs, DC Power supply, connecting wires

3.Design of Wheatone's Bridge. Objective: 1.To design Wheatstone's bridge for the measurement of given unknown resistance. 2.To measure the unknown resistance for different values of ratio arms. 3. To find out sensitivity of Wheatstone's bridge. Experimental Set-up: Wheatestone's bridge set up, DC Power supply.

4.Design of AC Bridge. Objective: To design Maxwell's or any other AC bridge for the measurement of Inductance and Capacitance.

Experimental Set-up: AC source, CRO, R, L & C decade boxes, connecting wires

5.Measurement of unknown voltage using D.C. potentiometer. Objective: 1.To study construction and working of potentiometer. 2.To study procedure for standardization of potentiometer. 3.To measure unknown voltage with potentiometer. Experimental Set-up: DC potentiometer set-up, DC Power supply.

6.Measurement of power using wattmeter (Single phase) Objective: 1.To measure power consumed by resistive load by Voltmeter-Ammeter method. 2 To measure power consumed by resistive load using Wattmeter. Experimental Set-up: Variac, Resistive load, AC Voltmeter, AC Ammeter, Single-Phase wattmeter, connecting wires

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.

7. Measurement of power using Energymeter (Single phase) Objective: 1.To measure power consumed by resistive load using Energymeter. Experimental Set-up: Variac, Resistive load, Single-Phase Energymeter, connecting wires

8.Measurement of voltage, Frequency and phase using CRO, measurement of unknown frequency by Z-Modulation. Objective: 1.To understand all front panel controls and basic measuements carried on CRO 2.To measure the unknown frequency by Z-Modulation.

Experimental Set-up: CRO, Signal Generator, RC network

9. Study of y-t, X-Y recorders, frequency response of y-t recorder Objective: 1. To understand working and construction of recorders of at least two different types. Experimental Set-up: Recorder

Note: Students are expected to perform minimum 8 experiments.

Text Books: 1. Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation by A.K.Sawhney, Dhanpatray and Sons. 2.Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements, 2/e by David A. Bell, PHI 3. Electronic Instrumentation techniques by Cooper and Helfrick 4. Electronic instruments and Measurements by Jones and Chin 5. Electronic Instrumentation by H.V. Kalsi. 6. Engineering Metrology by R.K Jain, 17/e 7. Calibration- The foundation for ISO 9000 and TQM by R.Subburay, Allied Publishers (1998)

Reference Books: 1.Measurement Systems by E.O.Doeblin 2. Process Measurement by B.G.Liptak

206265 : Teaching Scheme

COMMUNICATION SKILL Examination Scheme

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Practical: 2 hrs/week Term work: 50 marks

List of exercises: • Verbal 1. Elocution Objective: a. To develop public speaking and oral presentation skills, creativity. b. To understand barriers in communication, their nature and examples of such effective use of body language.

barriers,

2. Group discussions Objective: To understand different communication practices like Debating, elocution, group discussions, critical thinking, brainstorming and conflict management. 3. Reporting of an event Objective: To make good presentation, note taking, reporting, preparation for and practice of presentation, narration of events, 4. Representation/ convincing of self opinion in a meeting of colleagues/ senior managerial personnel Objective: To achieve effective self-representation in a meeting, arguing, convincing, presenting views in a meeting. 5. Conducting a meeting Objective: a. To acquire knowledge about preparing agenda of the meeting, receptive towards new ideas, appreciation of colleagues and subordinates, preparing minutes of meeting. b. To acquire Leadership skills and Interpersonal Communication, Vision, empowering and delegation, motivating others, team building. 6. Adaptation to marketing/ sales techniques. Objective: To achieve good marketing/ sales skills. • Non Verbal 1. Effective Resume writing. Objective: To understand the impressive way of presenting yourself through your Resume, CV or bio data. 2. Official letter writing Objective: a. To understand the method of writing official letters to boss/ seniors/ colleagues/ subordinates to assign tasks, to submit/ study progress reports. b. To study the official/ business correspondence. 3. Report writing on a mini project/ visit Objective: a. To acquire technical writing skill including technical reports, proposals, brochures, newsletters, technical articles, technical manuals. b. To understand the Style, grammar and vocabulary for effective technical writing. 4. Email communication, Communication via messenger services Objective: To get acquainted with the latest communication media, for official purpose. 5. Effective presentations Objective:

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
To make effective use of modern presentation aids, presentation graphics. 6. Sessions on Time management and work ethics Objective: To understand the importance of time management and work ethics. Note: Students are expected to perform four exercises each from verbal and non-verbal categories. List of books: 1. Writing communication in English-Sarah Freeman, Orient Longman Publications 2. Handbook of Communication skills - Bernice Hurst, 2nd edition, 3. Human Organisational Behaviour at work –Keith Davis (TMH) 4. Essence of effective communication –Ludlow & Panton (PHI) 5. Technical writing, Process & Product – Gerson & Gerson (PHI) 6. Organisational Behaviour – Robbins (PHI) 7. You can Win – Shiv Khera, Macmillan Books, 2003 revised edition

206266: Teaching Scheme Lecture: 4 hrs/week Practical: 2 hrs/week

Digital Techniques Examination Scheme Theory: 100 marks Practical: 50 marks

Objective: After completing the course, the students must understand the different digital devices, clocks for digital devices, counters, shift registers and implementation of digital devices using PLD/ CPLD/ FPGA. Unit I Number systems and codes Binary, Decimal, Hexadecimal, Octal number systems, their conversions and arithmetic operations. BCD, Excess 3, Gray code, ASCII, their conversions and applications. Error detecting and error correcting codes. Minimization techniques Boolean laws, minimization using Boolean laws, Karnaugh maps and Quine McCluskey method. Implementation of the reduced expression using gates and PLD, CPLD, FPGA. Unit II Flip flops Study of SR, JK, MSJK, T, D types of flip flops, conversion of flip flops, Race around condition. Clock for digital circuits TTL oscillators, Conversion of bipolar and unipolar signals to TTL, Manual pulsars, key debouncing techniques. Storage devices RAM, ROM, EPROM, E2PROM, FLASH memory, Bubble memory, PAL and PAL programming. Basic operation of CD ROM. Unit III Counters Asynchronous, synchronous, binary, up-down, presettable and programmable, non sequential,

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Decade, Mod n counters. Realisation of counters using ICs. Design of counters, state diagram representation. Shift Register Basic operation, modes, Implementation of Johnson and Ring counter using Shift Register. Unit IV Logic devices Study of multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders, decoders, buffers, latches, transceivers. Display interfacing Interfacing of seven segment LED display to counters, multiplexed display system. Study of various BCD to 7 segment decoder/ driver ICs. Introduction to PLD, CPLD, FPGA Unit V Logic families Digital integrated circuits, levels of integration, concept of ECL, TTL CMOS, HMOS, NMOS, PMOS with detailed comparison between TTL and CMOS. Specifications and Operating characteristics of TTL and CMOS devices. Worst case design and interfacing of TTL and CMOS. Tristate logic and applications. Unit VI Application development using digital devices. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Digital clock Frequency counter Time counter Sequence generator Alarm Annunciator

List of practicals 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Code conversion Study of flip flops using ICs and conversion of flip flop from one form to the other. Study of presettable up down counter using IC 74193 or equivalent. Study of Decade counter, Mod 12, Mod 16 counters using ICs 4017, 7490, 7492, 7493 respectively or equivalent. Design of non sequential counter using flip flops. Design of Mod n counters using standard counter ICs. Design of Ring and Johnson counters using Shift registers. Interfacing of 7 segment LED display using 7447, 4033, 4553 or equivalent. Study of input and output characteristics of a logic gate for TTL and CMOS families. Interfacing of TTL and CMOS logic families. Design and implementation of any one application described in Unit VI. Implementation of combination logic/ flip flops/ counters using PLD/ CPLD/ FPGA.

Apparatus: 1. Any digital board from where supply, clock can be given. 2. Trainer for CPLD and FPGA Note: Perform at least 6 practicals from 1 to 8 Perform at least 1 practical from 9 to 11 Practical 12 is mandatory List of books

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Digital Principals & Applications – Malvino and Leach, 4th edition, TMH Digital Electronics – Gothman, 2nd edition, PHI Digital Systems Principle and Applications – Tocci Digital Fundamentals – Thomas Floyd, 3rd edition, Universal Book Stall Digital Design – M. Morris Mano, 3rd edition, Pearson Education Asia

206267: Teaching Scheme : Lectures : 4 hrs./week Practicals : 2 hrs./week

Automatic Control Systems Examination Scheme: Theory : 100 marks Duration : 3 hrs.

Unit 1

Term work : 50 marks

Introduction to control systems : Definitions,elements of control system, open loop and closed loop, feedback and feed forward, linear and non-linear, SISO and MIMO, canonical form of closed loop control system, definition of transfer function and its determination using Block diagram reduction techniques and signal flow graphs. Unit 2 Finding dynamic models of Electrical, Mechanical, Thermal, Hydraulic and Pnuematic systems and their transfer function. Analogous systems and force-voltage and force-current analogies, systems with dead time, loading effects in inter connected systems. Unit 3 Poles and zeros, type of control systems, standard test signals (step, ramp, parabolic), response of control system for these inputs, steady state error analysis.

Transient response of control system and its specifications, dominant poles, Routh Hurtwitz criterion. Unit 4: Frequency response analysis of control system, correlation between frequency response and time domain response specifications, Bode plots, calculation of gain margin and phase margin, improving the performance of control system with lead, lag and lead-lag compensators. Unit 5: Root locus technique, improving the performance of control system with lead, lag, and lead-lag compensators, Root locus of system with dead time. Mapping theorem, stability analysis with Nyquist criterion. Unit 6: State variable representation of control system (SISO,MIMO), conversion of state models into transfer function and vice-versa, solution of state equations, state transition matrix, time domain response from state transition matrix, interaction and non-interaction between MIMO control systems. List of Experiments 1. 2. transient response of second order system and calculation of time domain specifications. frequency response of second order system by varying the values of damping ratio.

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
3. 4. 5. 6. frequency response of phase lead network. frequency response of phase lag network. frequency response of phase lead-lag network. to study the type of synchros, the technique of zeroing of synchro transmitter-receiver and control transformer and to obtain the characteristics of synchro transmitter. 7. 8. 9. to determine the transfer function of a system whose asymptotic gain plot is given. to sketch the root locus of the given system. introduction to MATLAB.

List of books 1. 2. 3. 4. Control System Engineering by M Gopal, TMH Automatic Control System By Kuo, PHI Control System By Nagrath and Gopal, TMH Control System Engineering by Norman Nise, Peason

206268: Teaching Scheme Lectures : 4hrs/week Practical : 2hrs/week

Linear Techniques Examination Scheme Theory paper : 100 Marks Practical Exam. : 50 Marks

Aim of Subject: This Course is designed to fulfil the basic needs in the Designing of Instrumentation System.

UNIT-I Real -output limitations, limitations in gain, input impedance, output impedance, real OP AMP frequency response characteristics, small signal closed loop frequency response, closed loop stability considerations, frequency and phase compensation, transient response characteristics, offset voltage and current, bias current, drift, CMRR, PSRR, slew rate, noise in OP AMP circuits. UNIT-II Applications of Op-Amp with Practical Considerations [A] Linear Applications Voltage scaling, voltage summation, voltage subtractor, current scaling, voltage to current converter – floating load and grounded load, current to voltage converter,integrator, differentiator, instrumentation amplifier.

[B] Non-linear Applications Comparators - zero crossing detector, peak detector, window detector, Schmitt trigger, log amplifier, anti-log amplifier, four quadrant multiplier, voltage limiters, precision rectifiers. UNIT 3: Signal Generators [A] Multivibrators using OP AMPS – Monostable, Astable, Bistable. [B] IC555 Timer – Internal circuit, as Schmitt trigger, Monostable, Astable. [C] IC8038, triangular wave generator, square wave generator using Op-Amp. [D] Oscillators – Barkhausen criteria, Wein bridge oscillator, phase shift oscillator.

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
UNIT 4: Filters Filter classification – Butterworth, Chebyshev, Bessel approximations, filter types – low pass, high pass, band pass (narrow and wide), wide band reject, notch filter (twin-T network), all pass, switched capacitor filter. Op-Amp realisation of Butterworth and Chebyshev filters for first order and second order. UNIT 5: Data Converters [A] ADCs – flash, counter, SAR, dual slope (IC0809) [B] DACs – R-2R, binary ladder (IC0808) [C] PLL and VCO – introduction and applications (IC565, IC4046, IC566) [D] Voltage to frequency converter and frequency to voltage converter, Sample and Hold circuit. UNIT 6: Regulators and Solid State Sensors [A] Voltage regulators using OP AMPs [B] IC regulators – IC723 variable voltage regulator -internal circuit, as high voltage regulator, low voltage regulator and combination of both, protection circuits for voltage regulators, foldback, current limiting, current boosting of IC regulators, 3 pin regulators – fixed (78XX and 79XX), adjustable (IC317), constant current source using 3 pin regulators. [B] Solid State Sensors – study of AD590, LM334, LM336 and their signal conditioning. Pressure Switches, List of Experiments 1. Measurement of CMRR, SR and Frequency Response of IC 741 and IC LM324. 2. Instrumentation Amplifier using LM324. 3. Precision Amplifier using LM324. 4. Timer IC555 applications- Astable and Monostable. 5. Comparator and Schmitt trigger ( unbiased and biased) Circuits using IC LM324. 6. Wein bridge oscillator using IC 741. 7. Realization of 2nd order Butteworth and chebyshev filter (LPF) using LM324. 8. ADC- IC 0809 SAR. 9. DAC- IC 0808 R-2R. 10. Voltage regulator IC 723 – High and Low voltage with fold back protection circuits. 11. Solid state sensor- any one

Text Books 1. OP AMPs – George Clayton, Steve Winder-4th Edition-Newnes Publications 2. Design with Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits – Franco - 2nd Edition, Mc-Graw Hill ,1998 3. OP AMP with Linear Integrated Circuits – William Stanley-CBS Publications. 4. OP AMP and Linear Integrated Circuits - Robert F. Coughlin, Fredrick F. Driscoll-5th Edition. 5. OP AMP and Linear Integrated Circuits and their applications – Ramakant A. Gaikwad -3rd EditionPHI, New Delhi Publications. 6. Integrated Circuits – K. R. Botkar Reference Books 1. Electronic Circuits – discrete and integrated – Schlling and Belove-3rd Edition-McGraw Hill, NY1989. 2. Microelectronics – Millman-2nd Edition- McGraw Hill, NY1988. 3. OP AMP – design and applications- Tobey and Graceme-McGraw Hill, NY1984

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.

206269:

Sensors and Transducers - II

Lectures : 3 Hrs./ Week Tutorial : 1 Hr./ Week Practical : 2 Hrs./ Week Unit 1 : Flow Measurement – I

Paper : 100 Marks Practical : 50 Marks Termwork : 25 Marks

Units , Newtonian and non-Newtonian Fluids , Reynold’s number , Laminar and turbulent flows , Velocity profile , Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible flow , Density , Beta ratio, Reynold’s number correction , Square root relation Head type flow meters : Orifice ( Eccentric , segmental , concentric ) , Different pressure taps, Venturi , Flow nozzle , Dahl tube, , Pitot tube , Annu bar , Characteristics of head type flow meters Open channel flow measurement : Notch , Weirs Unit 2: Flow Measurement – II Variable area type : Rotameter Other flowmeters : Turbine , Target , Electromagnetic , Ultrasonic ( Doppler , Transit time i.e. Cross correlation ) , Vortex shedding , Positive displacement , Anemometers ( Hot wire , Laser ) Mass flowmeters : Coriolis , Angular momentum , Thermal Flow totalizer Solid flow meters Unit 3 : A) Level Measurement Liquid : Float , Displacer ( Torque tube unit ) , Bubbler , Diaphragm box , DP cell , Ultrasonic , Capacitive , Radioactive , Radar ( Contact , Non-contact – TDR / PDS ), Resistance , Thermal , Fiber optic , Solid level detectors

B) Density Measurement Liquid : Chain-balanced float type , Hydrometer ( Buoyancy type ) , Gravitrolmeter ( U tube type ) , Hydrostatic Head ( Air bubbler , DP Cell ) , Oscillating Coriolis , Radiation Gas : Gow-Mac , Electromagnetic suspension , Displacement Unit 4 : A) Velocity Measurement Terminology , Mechanical revolution counters – timers , Hall effect proximity pickup , Magnetic ( toothed rotor ) , Photoelectric pulse counting method , Translational velocity transducers ( Moving coil , Moving Magnet ) , AC and DC tachometers , Capacitive tachometer , Gyroscope ( Integrated , Rate ) , B) Acceleration and Vibration Measurement

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Terminology , Seismic , Strain gauge , Piezoelectric , Servo , Digital , Solid cylinder , Jerkmeter , Vibrometer , Vibration exciters ( for Simulation ) , Calibration of accelerometers

Unit 5 : A) pH and Conductivity Measurement pH measurement : Terminology , Nearnst equation , Temperature compensation , Buffer solutions , Electrode potentials, Reference electrodes , Measuring electrodes , Combined electrode , Measuring circuits , Maintenance and cleaners , Solid state reference electrode Conductivity measurement : Probes , Cell constant , Measuring circuits B) Viscosity Measurement Terminology , Units , Types - Capillary , Saybolt , Searle’s rotating cylinder , Cone and plate , Falling and rolling ball , Rotameter Unit 6 : A) Humidity and Moisture Measurement Humidity measurement : Terminology , Psychrometer , Hygrometer ( Hair wire , Electrolysis ) , Dew point meter , Piezoelectric , Infrared absorption Moisture measurement : Conductance and capacitance probes B) Thickness Measurement: Magnetic , Dielectric , Ultrasonic , LVDT Note : 1) All the above transducers are to be studied with reference to operating principle , construction and working , materials of construction , calibration procedure , performance characteristics , merits , demerits and applications. 2) Tutorial : Information with reference to manufacturers ( Indigenous , Foreign ) , Specifications , Cost , Standards.

List of Experiments : 1. Title : Measurement of Flow Using a) Orifice b) Venturi Objective : To Plot the characteristics i.e. graph of flow rate versus differential pressure and to verify the square-root relation. List of Equipments : Flow loop with necessary components. 2. Title : Measurement of Flow Using Rotameter Objective : To plot the characteristics i.e. graph of flow rate versus displacement of float . To calibrate the Rotameter against some standard flowmeter and study the effect of change of density of liquid. List of Equipments : Flow loop with necessary components. 3. Title :Measurement of Level Using Any Two Techniques Objective : To plot the characteristics of sensor i.e. graph of change in output of sensor versus level is expected. List of Equipments : Level measurement setup with necessary components. 4. Title : Study and Characterization of pH Meter Objective : To characterize the pH meter using buffer solutions and measurement of pH of different solutions. To study the effect of temperature on pH measurement. List of Equipments : pH measurement setup. 5. Title : Study and Characterization of Conductivity-meter Objective : To characterize the conductivity meter and measurement of conductivity of different

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
solutions. To verify the cell constant and the effect of cell constant on measurement. List of Equipments : Conductivity measurement setup. 6. Title : Measurement of Relative Humidity by Any One Technique Objective : To plot the characteristics of sensor i.e. graph of change in output of sensor versus relative humidity is expected. List of Equipments : Relative humidity measurement setup. 7. Title : Measurement of Density by a) Hydrostatic head or b) Buoyancy type methods Objective : To plot the characteristics of sensor i.e. graph of change in output of sensor versus density is expected. List of Equipments : Density measurement setup. 8. Title : Study and Calibration of Vibrometer and Accelerometer Objective : To calibrate the vibrometer / accelerometer and measurement of vibration / acceleration List of Equipments : Accelerometer / Vibrometer setup. 9. Title : Measurement of Velocity Using Contact Method. Objective : To measure the electrical output of tachogenerator and plot the graph of tachogenerator output versus speed. List of Equipments : Contact type velocity measurement setup. 10. Title : Measurement of Velocity Using Non-contact ( Magnetic – Toothed Rotor , Photoelectric ) Methods Objective : To observe the frequency output of the sensor ( magnetic / photoelectric ) and calculate the RPM using the formula and compare the result with RPM shown by the indicator of the system. List of Equipments : Contact and non-contact type velocity measurement setups. 11. Title : Measurement of Viscosity Using Any One Technique Objective : To calibrate the viscometer and measurement of viscosity of different liquids. List of Equipments : Accelerometer / Vibrometer setup. Any eight of above mentioned eleven experiments are to be performed. Text Books : 1.Instrumentation Devices and Systems- Rangan , Sharma , Mani-Tata McGrawhill- Second Edition 2. Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis- Nakra , Chaudhary Tata McGrawhill-21st Reprint 3. Measurement SystemApplication and Design- E. O. Doebelin McGrawhill International- Fourth Edition 4. Transducers and Instrumentation- D. V. S. Murthy- PHI-Second Reprint1995 5. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation- D. Patranabis-Tata McGrawhill-7th Reprint,1986 6. Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation- A. K. Sawhney- Dhanpat Rai and Sons , Delhi-2002print 7. Mechanical and Industrial Measurement- R.K.Jain- Khanna Publications-9th print Reference Books : 1. Applied Instrumentation in Process Industries ( Vol. I )- Andrew , Williams- Gulf Publications Company- Second Edition 2. Process Measurement and Analysis- B. G. Liptak- Butterworth Heinemann- Third Edition 3. Jone’s Instrument Technology ( Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 )- B. E. Noltingk EL / BS- Fourth Edition 4. Process Control Instrumentation Technology- C. D. Jonhson- PHI- Seventh Edition

206270 : Theory: 100 Marks Term work: 25 Marks

NETWORK THEORY Lect: 3 Hrs/Week Tutorial: 1 Hr/Week

S.E. Instrumentation and Control.
Unit1: Writing differential equations for electrical and electronic Circuits, Kirchoff’s current Law (KCL), Kirchoff’s Voltage Law (KVL), Mesh Analysis, Initial Conditions, Star- Delta networks and Transformation, Matrix Solution of steady state network equations, Phasors, AC steady-state network equations. Unit 2: Waveform Synthesis, Properties of driving point impedance, Amplitude, Phase, Phase Delay, Convolution integral, Network synthesis, Active Network synthesis, Realiazibility of one part network, Hurwitz Network synthesis polynomials. Unit 3: Network Theorems: Superposition, Thevinin’s, Norton, Miller, Tellegen, Maximum Power Transfer theorem, Reciprocity, Substitution, Current and Voltage source transformation Star- Delta transformation. Unit 4: Network functions, Poles and Zeroes, Parts of network functions, obtaining a network from a given part. Unit 5: Two port network parameters Z, Y, H and transmission parameters, Combinations of two ports, Analysis of common two ports. Unit 6: Analog Filter Design: Time domain, Frequency Domain approximation, Low pass filter, Butterworth Chebyshre Filter, Linear Phase Filters.

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. John D Ryder,” Network Lines and Fields”, Prentice Hall, 2nd edition1999 Van Valkenburg ,” Network Lines “,3rd edition, Franklin F. Kuo,” Network Analysis and Synthesis “, 2nd edition, Wiley International, 1996 A, Sudhalkar and Shyammohan S. Palli,”Circuits and Networks-Analysis and Synthesis,” 2nd edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002 5. V. K. Atre,”Network Theory and Filter Design”, 2nd edition, Wiley Eastern Ltd. 1990 6. D. Roy Chaudhary,”Network Analysis and Synthesis”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1991

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