THE 2010 MONSOON BEGINS
Late July 2010 marked a particularly tragic period in Pakistan’s history. In the north, three days of unstoppable rain caused the Indus River to swell, creating a massive body of water that moved from the Himalayas, southwards to the Arabian Sea. The effects on the country’s already impoverished population and infrastructure were immediate and catastrophic. As the disaster unfolded it was to become more destructive than the Haiti earthquake and the Japan tsunami combined. Out of a population of 168 million, 20 million people were affected by the raging waters, losing their homes and livelihoods, mainly across the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Sindh. The floods also affected people in Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, and Pakistan-Administered-Kashmir. More than 1700 people died, more than 7 million were left homeless and at least 1.8 million homes were destroyed. Over 2.4 million hectares of standing crops were submerged, and 450,000 heads of livestock lost, crippling the country’s “bread basket.” At the beginning of August the international humanitarian community, including the 40 members of the Pakistan Humanitarian Forum began rolling out emergency programs across multiple sectors to meet the needs of 14 million in need of humanitarian assistance. The emergency relief plan included: • • • • • • • • • Food assistance Shelter Health Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Public health education On and Off-farm Livelihoods and food security programs ,Cash-for-work and cash grants Agriculture and Livestock restoration Rehabilitation of schools and community infrastructures Protection
Balochistan 700,000 4% Gilgit Baltistan 100,000 1% Punjab, 6,000,000 33% Khyber Pakhtun Khwa, 3,800,000 21% Sindh, 7, 274,250 40%
Population in Need of Response
P.A.K 200,000 1%
At the end of January 2011, the main Relief Operation came to an end, with the exception of parts of five districts in Sindh and Balochistan, where relief activities were extended to mid April 2011.
Province Balochistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Punjab Sindh P.A.K Gilgit Baltistan Total
* Source: NDMA,PDMAs,GBDMA
Population Affected 700,000 3,800,000 6,000,000 7,274,250 200,000 100,000 18,074,250
WASH
Water trucking; water pumps; washing facilities; water supply schemes; distribution of: hygiene kits, jerry-cans, aqua-tabs, storage tanks, filters and purification tablets; rehabilitation of water systems, treatment units, and drainage systems; construction of latrines and sanitation facilities; awareness campaigns; micro-hydro power plants
FOOD
Emergency Food assistance; distribution of cooked food, dry rations, milk and food for infants; Food for Work programs
SHELTER
Distribution of tarpaulins, tents, and emergency shelters; construction of temporary and transitional shelters; distribution of household kits, kitchen sets, shelter toolkits, winter kits
HEALTH/Nutrition
Distribution of health kits, mosquito nets, baby/mother kits; health promotion sessions; establishment of medical facilities and dispensaries; mobile clinics, equipment and medicines supply; distribution of nutrition supplies including vegetable oil & high energy biscuits; nutrition programs and health stabilization centers
AGRICULTURE
Distribution of seeds and fertilizers packages, livestock tools and packages, livestock; rehabilitation of agriculture infrastructure schemes; seeds vouchers; livestock treatments; trainings; rehabilitation of irrigation canals, water ponds, field retaining walls, and flooded agricultural land
EDUCATION
Distribution of school supplies, school kits, recreational kits, and educational material; establishment of schools and transitional education centers; reparation of school buildings; scholarships
DRR
Disaster Risk Reduction trainings; hazard and risk mapping; distribution of DRR charts
PROTECTION
Creation of Child Friendly Spaces and Women and Infants Friendly spaces; protection and support for extremely vulnerable individuals; psychosocial sessions; distribution of protection items; assistance to disabled and physically challenged individuals; counseling and legal assistance
INFRASTRUCTURE
Reparation of link roads, bridges and community infrastructure; debris removal
LIVELIHOODS
Cash grants; trainings; enterprise grants; Cash for Work programs; creation of income-generation opportunities; livelihoods protection projects
SITUATION OVERVIEW
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) was the first part of the country affected by the floods. Flash flooding in the mountains was intense, concentrated and highly destructive. The death toll was far higher compared to the number of people affected in either Sindh or Punjab. Many of the worst affected areas in KPK were already home to more than one million conflict displaced people. An estimated 3.8 million were affected, 1,156 died and 1,198 were injured. More than 285,000 homes were damaged or destroyed. And more than 700 kilometers of roads, along with 140 bridges, were washed away. The most severely affected districts in KPK were: Tank, D.I. Khan, Kohistan, Peshawar, Charsadda, Nowshera, Lower Dir, Upper Dir, Shangla, and Swat.
Table: Damages occurred to Agriculture and Livestock sector – NDMA 2010
Flood Affected Area (Sq. Km) 4,996 Crop Area Damaged (thousand ha) 121.5 Large Animals (thousand) 72.4 Small Animals sheep, goats (thousand) 67.8 Poultry perished (thousand) 621.3 Fishery/ponds damages (PKR million) 13.03 Water courses damaged 1,790
A SECOND CHANCE IN CHARSADDA
A month after the flash floods forced this shop owner from his home, he returned to his village in KPK, and a scene of devastation. In late July torrential rains caused the swollen Indus River to flood, swamping his village, his home and his shop. “When we returned we only saw water, everything else was destroyed. We started crying and were too stunned to speak. We didn’t even recognize our own houses”, he says. His shop was still standing, but the water had damaged what was on the shelves, and even the bills left in his till. As the cleanup began, the 21-year old was interviewed by a team from the IRC and offered a micro grant to re-open his business. He says, “I used the money to re-stock my shelves. If the NGO had not helped me with the grant, I don’t think I would have been able to open my store again.” He says the IRC also helped him recover through a cash for work program and vocational training in basic management. As the one year anniversary of the floods approaches, the shop owner says his business is slowly recovering. He thanks the IRC and other NGO’s who provided aid, giving his village a second chance.
REMAINING CHALLENGES IN KPK
• • • • • • Repairing infrastructure – roads and bridges Restoration of basic services – health and education Transition from temporary to permanent shelter Restoration of livelihoods – especially in farming Repair and improve flood defense systems Continuing insecurity
SITUATION OVERVIEW
Punjab, the breadbasket of Pakistan, experienced a combination of flash floods in the mountains and highly destructive river flooding in agricultural areas. An estimated six million people were affected across eleven districts. More than 500,000 homes were damaged or destroyed. And more than 1.85 million acres of arable land was washed away. Even though most people have returned home, their needs are vast because of the scale of destruction to homes, basic services and livelihoods.The geographical coverage of the humanitarian response has been uneven because of the shortage of partners across the flood affected area.The most severely affected districts were: Muzzafargarh, Rajanpur, Mianwali, R.I. Khan, Layyah, D.G. Khan, and Bhakkar. Table: Damages occurred to Agriculture and Livestock sector – NDMA 2010
Flood Affected Area (Sq. Km) 14,047 Crop Area Damaged (thousand ha) 746.9 Large Animals (thousand) 2.3 Small Animals sheep, goats (thousand) 2.5 Poultry perished (thousand) 2,012 Fishery/ponds damages (PKR million) 319.07 Water courses damaged 2,598
“People are still in great need of livestock and seeds and fertilizer to get their lives started again. These are some of the most important needs to be addressed going forward.” Khanzada CRS Program Manager
SABEEHA’S STORY
Sabeeha is six months old. Her mother was pregnant with her when the floods washed away their village near Multan, in Punjab. Her mother says since she was born Sabeeha has been weak and cries all the time. The family has little food because they lost their home and their crops in the flood. This spring, Sabeeha began suffering from a fever and diarrhea. The doctors in her village were unable to help. As her condition grew worse her mother heard about the BHU Khanpur Baga health facility in the district of Muzaffargargh. Sabeeha’s mother took her to the clinic where a health team from Save the Children has been working since the disaster. The doctors say Sabeeha is malnourished, like so many children in Punjab. She’s now taking prescribed medicine that was given to her free of charge. Sabeeha’s mother says, “The doctor has told me to come back so he can see her again. I am hoping Sabeeha will recover soon and I want to say thanks to the people at the hospital for all their help.”
REMAINING CHALLENGES IN PUNJAB
• • • • Equitable distribution of assistance and access to the most vulnerable Ongoing shelter support Repairing infrastructure – roads, water supply and irrigation systems Address issues related to land tenure
SITUATION OVERVIEW
The direct impact of the floods has been the most protracted in Sindh. Close to half of the rural population was affected, with millions evacuated or forced to flee. At the peak of the crisis vast swathes of the province were left underwater, critical because the majority of the people rely on agriculture for their survival. More than seven million people were affected and more than 875,000 homes were damaged or destroyed. More than 2.5 million acres of arable land was submerged, resulting in a problem with nutrition, especially among the young. In March 2011, more than 100,000 people were still in camps or settlements. The most severely affected districts were: Kashmore, Shikarpur, Jacobabad, Larkana, Qambar-Shahdadkot, Thatta, Dadu, and Jamshoro. Table: Damages occurred to Agriculture and Livestock sector – NDMA 2010
Flood Affected Area (Sq. Km) 30,132 Crop Area Damaged (thousand ha) 1,044 Large Animals (thousand) 93.7 Small Animals sheep, goats (thousand) 81.9 Poultry perished (thousand) 6,895 Fishery/ponds damages (PKR million) 48.9 Water courses damaged 6,990
REMAINING CHALLENGES IN PUNJAB
• • • • • • Continued support and long-term solutions for those who remain in camps Repair and improve flood defenses for future monsoon seasons Repair damaged irrigation systems Address issues related to land rights Access to basic services for the most vulnerable Re-establishment of livelihoods across flood affected areas
Humanitarian Funding - As at 06 July 2011
Funded Unmet Requirements % of funded Food Assistance Health Community Restoration Education Water Sanitation and Hygiene Shelter & Non-Food Items Agriculture Protection Nutration Coordination Logistics Camp Coordination and Camp Management 53% 47% 39% 52% 39% 10% 31% 28% 48% 76% 28% 0% Funded $332,179,558 (Including $ 23.7 million carry-over) 50%
Remaining needs: $329,001,420
Overall response
Cluster not yet speci ed $72,623,772 (100) 109 200 300
Latest contribution to PHPR was made on 30 May 2011
PHF RESPONSE MATRIX
N. of Households (Hh) Assisted N. of Beneficiaries Assisted Total Output* Relief Intervention *For More Detailed And/Or Actual Figures Refer to Individual NGos Reports Total Output Early Recovery (ER) Intervention** **Updated July 2011
Organization
Total N. of Projects (Relief/Er)
Sindh: 90,285; KPK: 31,714 Total: 121,999 KPK: 226,722; FATA: 4,032 Punjab: 119,930; Sindh: 6,800 Total: 357,484 KPK: 13,795; Sindh:16,969; AJK: 330 Balochistan: 2,500; Punjab: 19,040 Total: 52,634 Total: 498,512 (Male: 179,741 Female: 318,771) Households Reached= 20,370 Individuals=183,330 with 113902 women KPK: 1,587,054; FATA: 28,224Punjab: 839,510 Sindh: 47,600 Total: 2,502,388 CFW for 33,270; 24,119 NFI kits; 31,237 Hygiene kits; 622 latrines; 1,611 Hand pumps; 9,009 emergency shelters; 8,760 t-Shelters; 2,976 one-room shelters; 7,357.6 MT food; 22,300 blankets 4,297.1 MT Food Sindh: 399,294; KPK: 279,662 Total: 678,956 Over 1,000 latrines and showers; over 800 boreholes; over 30,000 NFIs HH packages; water trucking for over 100,000; Food Assistance for over 75,000; Cash Grants and CFW for over 75,000 N/A
Provinces And N. of Districts of Implementation
Sectors of Intervention
ACF International
13
Sindh (1), KPK (3)
WASH, Food Security and Livelihoods
ACTED
29
KPK (4), Sindh (2) Punjab (2), FATA(1)
Shelters, NFIs, Food Security, Community Rehabilitation, Livelihoods, WASH
2,290 Shelters; 2,250 NFI-Hygiene Kits-Water Filters; 741 Hand Pumps; 10 Gravity water supply schemes; 2 Micro hydro power plant; 2 Water mill; 1 Suspension bridge; 1 Cable car; 3 Irrigation channels and field retaining walls; 4 link roads 13 Static Health Units; 5 Mobile Health Units; 2 Construction Trade Training Centers; 300 Small Shops (Cash Grants); 300 Cows distributed; 100 CFW Schemes 5,100 Agricultural Input Packages (Voucher Schemes); 300 household latrines; 32 water schemes (source and distribution tanks)
Church World Service- Pakistan/ Afghanistan KPK: 67,072; Sindh: 23,377 Balochistan: 6,258; Punjab: 1,316 Total: 98.023
33,216 NFIs; 5,096 Handpumps repaired; 166 Handpumps installed; 4,493 Hygiene promotion sessions; 120 Water Supply Schemes rehabilitated; 190 Community Infrastructure repaired; 105 Extremely Vulnerable Individuals supported; 2,160 Households referred for protection support
21,307 transitional shelter; Cash grants for 39,436; 45,876 vouchers for seed and fertilizers
DIAKONIE Katastrophenhilfe
13
KPK (3), AJK (3), Punjab (6)
WASH, DRR, Shelter, NFIs, Health, Debris cleaning, Reconstuction, Food, Livelihoods, Education, Winterization Relief, Agriculture Gilgit-Balistan/KPK: 35,800 Sindh: 12,000 Total: 47,800 Gilgit-Baltistan: 320,000 KPK: 38,000; Sind: 84,000 Total: 442,000 (Male 232,000 Female 210,000) Sindh: approx 307,000; KPK: 107,000 Total: approx 414,100 26,000 NFI Kits (Kitchen, Hygiene, sleeping, e-shelter, shelter toolkit); 1,402,654 aquatabs; 9,790 Hygiene kits; 6,455 WASH kits; 3,000 Winter kits; 16,432 Waterbottles; 16,000 Water Trucking (m3); 604 Assistive devices; 8,707 Jerry cans; 7,371 Buckets; 98,325 PUR Sachet; 5 Water Treatment Units, production of up to 600 m3/day 13,345 MT food; 3,143 NFIs packages (1 Kichen set+2 Hygiene Kits+5 Blankets+5 Jackets+3 shawls+1 cooler+1 energy light+1 tarpuline+240 kgs of fire wood); 12,000 NFIs kits (1 hygiene kit+1 cooler+1 kitchen set+aquatabs); Health support & aquatabs for 1,200 HH; Hazard and & Risk Maps of 98 villages; 19 DRR sessions, tents for 700 HH
Total: 28,070
Focus Humanitarian Assistance
7
Gilgit-Baltistan (7) Sindh (1) KPK (1)
Food,NFIs, Hazard Mapping DRR, Health, Shelter
13,345 MT food; 3,143 NFI packages (1 Kichen set+2 Hygiene Kits+5 Blankets+5 Jackets+3 shawls+1 cooler+ 1energy light+1 tarpuline+240 kg of fire wood); 12,000 NFIs kits (1 hygiene kit+1 cooler+1 Kitechen set+aquatabs); Health support & aqua tabs to 1,200 HH; Hazard & Risk Maps of 98 villages 19 DRR sessions; tents for 700 HH 7 Disability Vulnerability Focal Points; 7,934 screenings; 2,066 training sessions 1,382 people referred to other stakeholders; 192 pairs of glasses; 52 hearing kits; 44 prothesis or orthesis; 813 protection items; 968 radios; 1,256 psychosocial sessions; 100+ Solar disinfection kit; Rehab of 8 water supply schemes; 215 hand-pumps; reparation of 209 hand-pumps; 1,440 pit latrines; 9,000 man-days of CFW Dewatering of 200,000 m3 of stagnant water; Fumigation of 33 sites; 125 T-Shelter reparation of 125 houses; 1,167 hygiene sessions Medical consultations and medication for 500,000; 3,500 hygiene kits; Hygiene awareness sessions for 200,000; 1,000 nutrition supplements for pregnant women Establishment of 7 Schools; 700 Scholarships; Rehabilitation of 1 school; 34 water filtration plants; 620 bore holes; 700 washing pads; 100 latrines; construction of 2 rooms permanent houses N/A
HANDICAP INTERNATIONAL
5
Sindh (1), KPK (4)
WASH, Protection Shelter, NFIs, Health
Sindh: 50,000; KPK: 15,285 Total: approx 65,285
Helping Hands for Relief and Development approx 132,910 approx 930,372
Ongoing support to 9 health facilities; 500 agricultural packages; 500 CFW recipients and 41 pieces of Community Infrastructure repaired; 70 one-room traditional houses; training on disaster risk management for 350 health staff and stakeholders; disaster response kits provided to 4 health facilities; 500 wells/hand pumps and 300 household latrines under way 676 Handpumps; 4,276 Household latrines; 19,000 Hygiene kits; Hygiene promotion sessions for 32,064 women and children
Mercy Corps
6
KPK (1), Sindh (6) Balochistan (1)
WASH, Community Infrastructure Livelihods, Agriculture
Food/NFI for15,900 families; Health assitance for 29,000 WASH assistance for 29,000; Shelters for 3,516 HH
Food/NFIs for 15,900 families; Health assistance to 39,500 individuals; WASH assistance to 12,840 families; shelters for 3,516 families 2,403 tents; 3,455 NFIs N/A
Norwegian Refugee Council KPK: 185,404; Sindh: 130,207 Total: 315,611
N/A
KPK (8)
Shelter, NFIs, Education; ICLA (Information Counselling and Legal Assistance)
OXFAM GB
N/A
KPK (3), Sindh (2)
WASH, Food Security and Livelihood (EFSL), Shelter