The World Bank Group (1)
Content
The World Bank Group The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. The World Bank Group helps developing countries by providing resources, sharing knowledge and forging partnerships in the public and private sectors. History Since inception in 1944, the World Bank has expanded from a single institution to a closely associated group of five development institutions, headquartered in Washington, D.C. Five Institutions, One Group The World Bank Group consists of five organizations: • The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) lends to governments of middle-income and creditworthy low-income countries. 188 members, Philippines - Dec 27, 1945 • The International Development Association (IDA) provides interest-free loans — called credits — and grants to governments of the poorest countries. 172 countries, Philippines - Oct 28, 1960 • The International Finance Corporation (IFC) a member of the World Bank Group is the largest global development institution focused exclusively on the private sector. We help developing countries achieve sustainable growth by financing investment, mobilizing capital in international financial markets, and providing advisory services to businesses and governments. 184 countries, Philippines - Aug 12, 1957 • The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) was created in 1988 as a member of the World Bank Group to promote foreign direct investment into developing countries to support economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve people’s lives. MIGA fulfills this mandate by offering political risk insurance (guarantees) to investors and lenders. 179 countries, Philippines- Feb 8, 1994 • The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) provides international facilities for conciliation and arbitration of investment disputes. 149 countries, Philippines - Dec 17, 1978 VMO
The World Bank group has two ambiguous goals: • End extreme poverty by decreasing the percentage of people living on less than $1.25 a day to no more than 3% • Promote shared prosperity by fostering the income growth of the bottom 40% for every country Membership The World Bank is like a cooperative, made up of 188 member countries. These member countries, or shareholders, are represented by a Board of Governors, who are the ultimate policymakers at the World Bank. Generally, the governors are member countries' ministers of finance or ministers of development. They meet once a year at the Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank Group and the International Monetary Fund. To become a member of the Bank, under the IBRD Articles of Agreement, a country must first join the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Membership in IDA, IFC and MIGA are conditional on membership in IBRD. Dr. Jim Yong Kim is the 12th president of the World Bank Group. He was selected by the Boards of Executive Directors for a fiveyear renewable term in July 1, 2012. Current Activities, Projects and Programs • Improving Fuel Efficiency and Reducing Emissions of Trucks in China - In Guangdong, the World Bank is helping to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions of trucks, which use 30% more fuel than in OECD countries. • Apply Now: The World Bank Group Fellowship Program - Ph.D. students of African descent, particularly women, are eligible to apply for the new World Bank Group Fellowship Program • Global Burden of Disease: Generating Evidence, Guiding Policy - The World Bank Group has partnered with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) to release six regional reports as part of The Global Burden of Disease: Generating Evidence, Guiding Policy. The reports are based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010), a collaborative effort of researchers from 50 countries
around the world led by IHME at the University of Washington. • World Bank Supports Efficient Public Finance Management in Russia - The World Bank’s Board of Directors approved a US$50 million loan to co-finance with the Russian Federation a US$133.571 million Public Finance Management Technical Assistance Project in Russia. • Solar Power in Mongolia Nomadic Mongolian herder families find a source of affordable, portable electricity with portable solar units that withstand their rugged lifestyle. With help from the World Bank, the solar program allows people living in one of the remotest regions on Earth to connect to a wider world. • Rwanda: Achieving Food Security, Reducing Poverty, Moving up the Value Chain Since 2001 Rwanda has worked closely with IDA to achieve food security and increase agricultural productivity - food security was attained in 2010 and between 2000/01 and 2010/11 poverty was reduced by about 14 percent. • Vietnam: Disaster Risk Management Project The success of the World Bank pilot on Community-based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) which had been implemented in 12 project provinces led the Vietnam government to develop a National CBDRM Program of US$450 million covering 6,000 communes across the country. • Uruguay Innovates to Achieve Better Results in Road Infrastructure The country becomes the first in the region to use the new World Bank financing tool. In three years, the program will repair 524 kilometers of road, bridges and drains, and will improve signage along nearly 9,000 kilometers of roads. This initiative is also being implemented in Morocco, Nepal, Tanzania and Vietnam. • India: Extending Education to the Millions of Out-of-School Children The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) program, backed by funds from the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA), boosted the enrolment of children from poor families, marginalized, and tribal groups, and those with special needs. Around 54 percent of the children enrolled between 2003 and 2011 were girls. Now, the focus is on boosting the quality of education, as well as ensuring access for all.
Results 2013
Conclusion We can say that The World Bank group is an effective international organization since if we look at its activities and projects, most of it is successful. The World Bank Group has 11,741 projects in 172 countries; this includes the Philippines with 198 projects. In carrying out its VMO, the global poverty indicators which are Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) from 43.1% in 1990 is now 20.6% last 2010; and People living on less than $1.25 a day (PPP) (millions) from 1,908 in 1990 to 1,215 again this last 2010. The World Bank group also has helped many countries in their development and progress. Western Perspective It is not that effective for them especially in the U.S. because most of the countries in U.S. are developed countries and the aim of the World Bank group is to help “developing” countries. Although in Latin America, the World Bank group has its projects there to help them. Philippine Perspective Since 1957 when the government received its first World Bank loan, the Bank has financed critical infrastructure and rural development needs that have produced significant results for its citizens. These significant results include the recently completed Metro Manila Urban Transport Integration Project. In terms of reducing rural poverty among agrarian reform beneficiaries, the average household income of project beneficiaries rose by 41% through the Bankfunded Second Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project wherein 124 communities benefited from it. In
education, the Bank’s assistance through the National Program Support for Basic Education has provided financing for more classrooms and textbooks. The Social Welfare and Development Reform Project also helped to bring about almost universal enrolment (98%) for children from 6-11 years old in project areas. This was made possible through the government’s conditional cash transfer program called Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4Ps. The Bank’s assistance also extends to conflict-affected areas in the country, providing classrooms, health stations, access roads, water supply systems and bridges, while at the same time promoting social cohesion and more open governance. In the water and sanitation sector, the Bank has been supporting the government’s efforts to improve services across the country by partnering with service providers and local government units. Base on all of these, The World Bank group is an effective international organization for the Philippines and it also helps in achieving the Philippine Development Plan.
Group Members: Banasan, April Mae J. Gonzales, Natacia Nicole Mataa-ag, Devony Quimado, Angela Jasmine
The World Bank group has two ambiguous goals: • End extreme poverty by decreasing the percentage of people living on less than $1.25 a day to no more than 3% • Promote shared prosperity by fostering the income growth of the bottom 40% for every country Membership The World Bank is like a cooperative, made up of 188 member countries. These member countries, or shareholders, are represented by a Board of Governors, who are the ultimate policymakers at the World Bank. Generally, the governors are member countries' ministers of finance or ministers of development. They meet once a year at the Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank Group and the International Monetary Fund. To become a member of the Bank, under the IBRD Articles of Agreement, a country must first join the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Membership in IDA, IFC and MIGA are conditional on membership in IBRD. Dr. Jim Yong Kim is the 12th president of the World Bank Group. He was selected by the Boards of Executive Directors for a fiveyear renewable term in July 1, 2012. Current Activities, Projects and Programs • Improving Fuel Efficiency and Reducing Emissions of Trucks in China - In Guangdong, the World Bank is helping to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions of trucks, which use 30% more fuel than in OECD countries. • Apply Now: The World Bank Group Fellowship Program - Ph.D. students of African descent, particularly women, are eligible to apply for the new World Bank Group Fellowship Program • Global Burden of Disease: Generating Evidence, Guiding Policy - The World Bank Group has partnered with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) to release six regional reports as part of The Global Burden of Disease: Generating Evidence, Guiding Policy. The reports are based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010), a collaborative effort of researchers from 50 countries
around the world led by IHME at the University of Washington. • World Bank Supports Efficient Public Finance Management in Russia - The World Bank’s Board of Directors approved a US$50 million loan to co-finance with the Russian Federation a US$133.571 million Public Finance Management Technical Assistance Project in Russia. • Solar Power in Mongolia Nomadic Mongolian herder families find a source of affordable, portable electricity with portable solar units that withstand their rugged lifestyle. With help from the World Bank, the solar program allows people living in one of the remotest regions on Earth to connect to a wider world. • Rwanda: Achieving Food Security, Reducing Poverty, Moving up the Value Chain Since 2001 Rwanda has worked closely with IDA to achieve food security and increase agricultural productivity - food security was attained in 2010 and between 2000/01 and 2010/11 poverty was reduced by about 14 percent. • Vietnam: Disaster Risk Management Project The success of the World Bank pilot on Community-based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) which had been implemented in 12 project provinces led the Vietnam government to develop a National CBDRM Program of US$450 million covering 6,000 communes across the country. • Uruguay Innovates to Achieve Better Results in Road Infrastructure The country becomes the first in the region to use the new World Bank financing tool. In three years, the program will repair 524 kilometers of road, bridges and drains, and will improve signage along nearly 9,000 kilometers of roads. This initiative is also being implemented in Morocco, Nepal, Tanzania and Vietnam. • India: Extending Education to the Millions of Out-of-School Children The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) program, backed by funds from the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA), boosted the enrolment of children from poor families, marginalized, and tribal groups, and those with special needs. Around 54 percent of the children enrolled between 2003 and 2011 were girls. Now, the focus is on boosting the quality of education, as well as ensuring access for all.
Results 2013
Conclusion We can say that The World Bank group is an effective international organization since if we look at its activities and projects, most of it is successful. The World Bank Group has 11,741 projects in 172 countries; this includes the Philippines with 198 projects. In carrying out its VMO, the global poverty indicators which are Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) from 43.1% in 1990 is now 20.6% last 2010; and People living on less than $1.25 a day (PPP) (millions) from 1,908 in 1990 to 1,215 again this last 2010. The World Bank group also has helped many countries in their development and progress. Western Perspective It is not that effective for them especially in the U.S. because most of the countries in U.S. are developed countries and the aim of the World Bank group is to help “developing” countries. Although in Latin America, the World Bank group has its projects there to help them. Philippine Perspective Since 1957 when the government received its first World Bank loan, the Bank has financed critical infrastructure and rural development needs that have produced significant results for its citizens. These significant results include the recently completed Metro Manila Urban Transport Integration Project. In terms of reducing rural poverty among agrarian reform beneficiaries, the average household income of project beneficiaries rose by 41% through the Bankfunded Second Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project wherein 124 communities benefited from it. In
education, the Bank’s assistance through the National Program Support for Basic Education has provided financing for more classrooms and textbooks. The Social Welfare and Development Reform Project also helped to bring about almost universal enrolment (98%) for children from 6-11 years old in project areas. This was made possible through the government’s conditional cash transfer program called Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4Ps. The Bank’s assistance also extends to conflict-affected areas in the country, providing classrooms, health stations, access roads, water supply systems and bridges, while at the same time promoting social cohesion and more open governance. In the water and sanitation sector, the Bank has been supporting the government’s efforts to improve services across the country by partnering with service providers and local government units. Base on all of these, The World Bank group is an effective international organization for the Philippines and it also helps in achieving the Philippine Development Plan.
Group Members: Banasan, April Mae J. Gonzales, Natacia Nicole Mataa-ag, Devony Quimado, Angela Jasmine
