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Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 1
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Introduction to Enterprise
Business Continuity
Part 1
Welcome to Part 1 of TimeFinder Foundations - Introduction to Enterprise Business Continuity. This section
introduces Business Continuity Solutions. It starts with a basic definition, then shows the business requirements for
Business Continuity, followed by the history of Data Protection as a key component to Business Continuity.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. These materials may not be copied without EMC's written
consent.
EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to
change without notice.
THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” EMC CORPORATION MAKES NO
REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS
PUBLICATION, AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this publication requires an applicable software
license.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 2
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
2
Audio Portion of this Course
The AUDIO portion of this course is supplemental to
the material and is not a replacement for the student
notes accompanying this course.
EMC recommends downloading the Student Resource
Guide (from the Supporting Materials tab) and reading
the notes in their entirety.
The AUDIO portion of this course is supplemental to the material and is not a replacement for the student notes
accompanying this course.
EMC recommends downloading the Student Resource Guide from the Supporting Materials tab, and reading the notes
in their entirety.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 3
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
3
EMC Technology Foundations
EMC Technology Foundations (ETF) is a curriculum that presents
overviews of EMC products and technologies including:
– Symmetrix and CLARiiON Storage Platforms and Software
– SAN, NAS and CAS Networked Storage Solutions
– Advanced storage management software
The EMC Technology portfolio consists of end-to-end services and
platforms designed to accelerate the implementation of Information
Lifecycle Management (ILM)
ILM uses EMC technologies to enable organizations to better, and
more cost-effectively, manage and protect their data, and achieve
regulatory compliance. It improves the availability of their business
information in a way that connects its use to business goals and
service levels
This course represents one part of the ETF curriculum
Companies across all industries are constantly launching new business-critical applications turning information into
strategic corporate assets. Value to the bottom line for customers, suppliers, and partners is often directly related to
how easily this information can be shared across the enterprise and beyond.
Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) is a flexible information-centric strategy that includes automating the
process of connecting applications and servers in an organization to its company’s information. ILM includes Direct
Attached Storage (DAS), Storage Area Network (SAN), Network Attached Storage (NAS), Content Addressed Storage
(CAS), and software for management and automated provisioning.
ILM facilitates the integration of SAN and NAS, extends the reach of enterprise storage, and delivers a common way
to manage, share, and protect information. It also takes advantage of today’s network and channel technologies to
consolidate servers and storage, centralize backup, and manage the explosive growth of data.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 4
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
4
Course Objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to:
Explain the concept of Business Continuity
List the benefits of Business Continuity regarding
expenses incurred as a result of downtime
Explain how EMC uses Local and Remote mirroring in
its storage methodologies to maintain data protection
The objectives for this course are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 5
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
5
What is Business Continuity?
Business Continuity is the preparation for, response
to, and recovery from an application outage that
adversely affects business operations
Business Continuity Solutions addresses systems
unavailability, degraded application performance, or
unacceptable recovery strategies
Business Continuity remains at the top of every executive’s priority list. Yet executives find themselves in a financial
tug-of-war between business continuity solutions and other projects, competing for limited resources. Fundamental to
business continuity is the need to understand an organization’s practices relative to the protection, availability and
usability of data.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 6
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
6
Lost Revenue
Know the downtime costs per
hour, day, two days...
• Number of employees
impacted * hours out *
hourly rate
Damaged Reputation
• Customers
• Suppliers
• Financial markets
• Banks
• Business partners
Financial Performance
• Revenue recognition
• Cash flow
• Lost discounts (A/P)
• Payment guarantees
• Credit rating
• Stock price
Other Expenses
Temporary employees, equipment rental, overtime
costs, extra shipping costs, travel expenses...
Why Business Continuity?
• Direct loss
• Compensatory payments
• Lost future revenue
• Billing losses
• Investment losses
Lost Productivity
There are many factors that need to be considered when calculating the cost of downtime. A formula to calculate the
costs of the outage should capture both the cost of lost productivity of employees, and the cost of lost income from
missed sales.
The Estimated average cost of 1 hour of downtime = (Employee costs per hour) *( Number of employees affected by
outage) + (Average Income per hour).
Employee costs per hour is simply the total salaries and benefits of all employees per week divided by the average
number of working hours per week.
Average income per hour is just the total income of an institution per week divided by average number of hours per
week an institution is open for business.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 7
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
7
Business Continuity – Obstacles of Availability
Disaster (<1% of Occurrences)
Natural or man made
Flood, fire, earthquake
Contaminated building
Unplanned Occurrences (13% of
Occurrences)
Failure
Database corruption
Component failure
Human error
Planned Occurrences (87% of Occurrences)
Competing workloads
Backup, reporting
Data warehouse extracts
Application and data restore
Source: Gartner, Inc.
Elevated demand for increased application availability confirms the need to ensure business continuity practices are
consistent with business needs.
Interruptions are classified as either planned or unplanned. Failure to address these specific outage categories seriously
compromises a company’s ability to meet business goals.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 8
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
8
Cost of Downtime Per Hour By Industry
Source: AMR Research
Investments
Retail
Insurance
$0 $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000
Telecom
Banking
Transportation
Manufacturing
The selection of a business continuance solution includes many factors, but the most important factor is typically the
cost to invest in the solution. This cost can encompass hardware, software, floor space, people, time, etc.
To put into perspective the cost to invest in a business continuance solution, it is important to understand the loss of
revenue for downtime. AMR Research put together a chart based on category of industry (see chart) to demonstrate
the dollars of revenue lost per hour of system downtime. A business continuance solution is an insurance policy for the
protection of your data. Is losing or compromising the integrity of your company’s critical information a risk you are
willing to take?
EMC PS is made up of experts who understand 24x7x365 continuous availability, and the use of EMC systems and
software to achieve it. They address information storage needs from a strategic perspective, and focus on the business
requirements and the application of storage technology to address those requirements. EMC’s consultants use a
framework of proven processes and industry-leading best practices and methodologies. This framework addresses all
phases of an enterprise solution, and ensures a consistent and effective process for creating an information-centric
infrastructure.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 9
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
9
Business Continuity Starts with Data Protection
Local Mirroring is a method for protecting data by
maintaining the data on two mirrored volumes within
the same storage unit
Remote Mirroring is a method for protecting data by
maintaining the data on two mirrored volumes, with
the volumes residing in different storage units
Without the Data there is no Recovery!
The technique that EMC has embraced for Data Protection is to use multiple copies of data. This is not a new idea.
What EMC has brought to the table is new and unique, intelligent storage methodologies that:
• Replicate data internally within storage arrays, or externally across distances between storage arrays
• Facilitate and enable parallel access to data instances
• Allow users to perform various workloads without conflict
• Dramatically change the time, effort, risk, and complexity of remote business resumption
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 10
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
10
Data Protection with Disk Mirroring
Standard Disk
Mirrored Disk
1991
Remote Mirror
1994
Before Mirroring, the entire drive would be allocated for data and, used by the operating system or application, and be
unprotected in the event of a failure.
Disk Mirroring introduced a technique in which data is simultaneously written to duplicate disks. If one of the disks
fails, the system or application can continue without any loss of data or disruption in service.
First introduced by EMC, Remote Mirroring extended the Data Protection across Storage Subsystems protecting
against a drive and subsystem failure. If a drive failed, access was only available on the secondary storage subsystem.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 11
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
11
Multiple Mirrors - Multiple Uses
Backups and Decision Support at Multiple Sites with
Full Protection of Volumes and Data Centers
Application Backups
Application Development
Data Warehouse Extract
Recovery Testing
Application Backups
Application Development
Data Warehouse Extract
Recovery Testing
High Availability Disaster
Restart
High Availability Disaster
Restart
Data Base Integrity
Reporting
Quality Assurance
Data Warehouse Load
Data Base Integrity
Reporting
Quality Assurance
Data Warehouse Load
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
Symmetrix B
Symmetrix A
Symmetrix B Symmetrix A
1997
Dynamic Disk
Mirrors
1997
Dynamic Disk
Mirrors
1995
Dual Remote
Mirrors
1995
Dual Remote
Mirrors
2001
Enterprise
Consistency
Technology
2001
Enterprise
Consistency
Technology
BCV BCV
Dual Remote Mirroring offered local protection as well as the extended protection across storage subsystems. This
offered local protection against a drive failure so access to data was not required to span the secondary storage
subsystem.
Dynamic Disk Mirroring introduced a technique in which a special disk device is dynamically mirrored to a mirrored
disk pair and split for Business Operations.
Enterprise Consistency Groups introduce the ability to have a re-startable point of consistency image across platforms.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 12
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
12
EMC Business Continuity Solution Choices
PowerPath PowerPath I/O Path Failover
GeoSpan Cluster
CopyCross Tape Replacement
ERM ERM
SDMM
SRDF/AR Replication Automation
SAN Copy
MirrorView/A SRDF/A
MirrorView SRDF Remote Replication
SnapView TimeFinder/Snap
Clone TimeFinder/Clone
SnapView/Clone TimeFinder/Mirror Local Replication
CLARiiON Symmetrix Product Type
Organizations are looking to ensure their information is protected during downtime. EMC sets the standard in business
continuity hardware, software and services.
• TimeFinder is software that creates copies of production data for repurposing.
• SnapView is a point-in-time copy application on CLARiiON storage systems.
• TimeFinder Clone is point-in-time software for data stored on a Symmetrix.
• EMC Snap software offers space-saving, point-in-time "copies" for Symmetrix DMX.
• SRDF is software used to maintain a duplicate copy of data across distances.
• SRDF/A offers asynchronous remote replication solutions for Symmetrix DMX.
• SRDF/AR automates point-in-time disaster restart using EMC TimeFinder.
• MirrorView is CLARiiON software that enables synchronous data mirroring.
• SAN Copy is CLARiiON software used for data migration across the SAN.
• ERMsimplifies and automates the management of local replication.
• CopyCross is an MVS software product that uses disk to emulate a tape device.
• GeoSpan integrates SRDF and Cluster technologies automating disaster recovery.
• PowerPath is host-resident software that manages host-to-storage I/O data paths.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 13
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
13
Business Continuity is a Core EMC Competency
In-depth knowledge and experience
– Information management
– Mission critical environments
– BC planning and technology
Disciplined and proven methodology
Ability to provide objective site & platform roadmaps
and recommendations
Commitment to customer satisfaction
Strategic alliances and partnerships
EMC has been, and is, the recognized industry leader providing the highest level of recovery capabilities and business
continuance solutions in the world today.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 14
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
14
Course Summary
Key Points covered in this course:
The concept of Business Continuity
Benefits of Business Continuity regarding expenses
incurred as a result of downtime
How EMC uses Local and Remote mirroring in its
storage methodologies to maintain data protection
Key points that were covered in this course are shown here. Please take a moment to review them.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 15
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations
Welcome to Part 2 of TimeFinder Foundations. Part 1of this course focused on Enterprise Business Continuity Solutions.
The purpose of this section is to provide an introduction to TimeFinder, EMC’s Business Continuity solution for
Symmetrix Local Replication.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 16
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
16
Audio Portion of this Course
The AUDIO portion of this course is supplemental to
the material and is not a replacement for the student
notes accompanying this course.
EMC recommends downloading the Student Resource
Guide (from the Supporting Materials tab) and reading
the notes in their entirety.
The AUDIO portion of this course is supplemental to the material and is not a replacement for the student notes
accompanying this course.
EMC recommends downloading the Student Resource Guide from the Supporting Materials tab, and reading the notes
in their entirety.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 17
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
17
EMC Technology Foundations
EMC Technology Foundations (ETF) is a curriculum that presents
overviews of EMC products and technologies including:
– Symmetrix and CLARiiON Storage Platforms and Software
– SAN, NAS and CAS Networked Storage Solutions
– Advanced storage management software
The EMC Technology portfolio consists of end-to-end services and
platforms designed to accelerate the implementation of Information
Lifecycle Management (ILM)
ILM uses EMC technologies to enable organizations to better, and
more cost-effectively, manage and protect their data, and achieve
regulatory compliance. It improves the availability of their business
information in a way that connects its use to business goals and
service levels
This course represents one part of the ETF curriculum
Companies across all industries are constantly launching new business-critical applications turning information into
strategic corporate assets. Value to the bottom line for customers, suppliers, and partners is often directly related to
how easily this information can be shared across the enterprise and beyond.
Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) is a flexible information-centric strategy that includes automating the
process of connecting applications and servers in an organization to its company’s information. ILM includes Direct
Attached Storage (DAS), Storage Area Network (SAN), Network Attached Storage (NAS), Content Addressed Storage
(CAS), and software for management and automated provisioning.
ILM facilitates the integration of SAN and NAS, extends the reach of enterprise storage, and delivers a common way
to manage, share, and protect information. It also takes advantage of today’s network and channel technologies to
consolidate servers and storage, centralize backup, and manage the explosive growth of data.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 18
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
18
TimeFinder Foundations
After completing this course, you will be able to:
Identify the functional concepts of TimeFinder
List the benefits of TimeFinder
Note the differences between the various TimeFinder
Replication Solutions
The objectives for this course are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 19
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
19
The TimeFinder Product Family
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Local BCV Options Local BCV Options
TimeFinder/
Mirror
High-Performance,
Full-Volume Copies
*Plus Mainframe SNAP
and Clones
TimeFinder/
Snap
Economical Pointer-
Based Snap Copies
Add-On
Functions
TimeFinder/CG
Consistency
Groups
TimeFinder/EIM
Exchange
Integration
TimeFinder/SIM
SQL
Integration
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Local BCV Options Local BCV Options
TimeFinder/
Mirror
High-Performance,
Full-Volume Copies
*Plus Mainframe SNAP
and Clones
TimeFinder/
Snap
Economical Pointer-
Based Snap Copies
Local BCV Options Local BCV Options
TimeFinder/
Mirror
High-Performance,
Full-Volume Copies
*Plus Mainframe SNAP
and Clones
TimeFinder/
Snap
Economical Pointer-
Based Snap Copies
Add-On
Functions
TimeFinder/CG
Consistency
Groups
TimeFinder/EIM
Exchange
Integration
TimeFinder/SIM
SQL
Integration
Add-On
Functions
TimeFinder/CG
Consistency
Groups
TimeFinder/EIM
Exchange
Integration
TimeFinder/SIM
SQL
Integration
Offers solutions to several
business continuance
scenarios
Consists of two base
solutions:
– TimeFinder/Mirror
– TimeFinder/Snap
Consists of three add-on
solutions:
– TimeFinder/Consistency
Groups
– TimeFinder/Exchange
Integration Module
– TimeFinder/SQL Integration
Module
The TimeFinder Product Family
The TimeFinder family offers solutions to several business continuance scenarios. The TimeFinder family consists of
two base solutions: TimeFinder/Mirror and TimeFinder/Snap. TimeFinder/Mirror includes BCVs, Clones, and
Mainframe SNAP. TimeFinder/Snap, formerly EMC Snap, is a Pointer Based Snap Copy.
The add-on solutions include: TimeFinder/Consistency Groups, TimeFinder/Exchange Integration Module, and
TimeFinder/SQL Integration Module. This course covers both TimeFinder/Mirror and TimeFinder/Snap.
TimeFinder/Mirror is “classic” TimeFinder. Classic TimeFinder and the new TimeFinder/Mirror include the
following: full-copy mirrors, open systems clone, and mainframe SNAP. Note, Consistency technology has been
removed from the base product and is now available as an add-on option.
TimeFinder/Snap—This product was formerly known as EMC Snap, the pointer-based, space-saving snapshot BCV
solution for Symmetrix DMX systems. Note, Consistency technology has been removed from the base product and is
now available as an add-on option.
Optional, Add-on Functionality
TimeFinder/Consistency Groups (TimeFinder/CG) was formerly part of classic TimeFinder. It is now available as
an option to any of the base solutions, enabling Enginuity Consistency Assist (ECA) to maintain data coherency across
TimeFinder-protected volumes, to ensure data consistency and restartability. New functionality will enable consistent
image sets to be created both within and across multiple Symmetrix systems.
TimeFinder/Exchange Integration Module (TimeFinder/EIM) was formerly part of ResourcePak for Windows, but
is now available as an option to any of the base TimeFinder solutions, for those customers needing to quickly and
easily integrate TimeFinder and Microsoft Exchange. TimeFinder/EIM also ships with Symmetrix Integration Utilities
(SIU), also formerly available in ResourcePak for Windows.
TimeFinder/SQL Integration Module (TimeFinder/SIM) was formerly part of ResourcePak for Windows, but is
now available as an option to any of the base TimeFinder solutions for those customers needing to quickly and easily
integrate TimeFinder and SQL Server. TimeFinder/SIM also ships with Symmetrix Integration Utilities (SIU), also
formerly available in ResourcePak for Windows.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 20
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
20
ECC/OE ECC/OE Metro East
• Data warehousing
• Application testing
BCV 1
BCV 2
BCV 3
• Backups
• Web content refresh
• 3
rd
party SW updates
• Decision support
Sales
Non-disruptively creates a mirrored copy
of an active application volume, or set of
volumes, within the same Symmetrix
TimeFinder/Mirror - BCVs
Repurposing
Non-disruptive incremental
resynchronization
Consistent methodology for
all platforms
Maximize business
operations by enabling
parallel processing
TimeFinder allows companies to make more effective use of their most valuable resources, by enabling parallel
information access as opposed to traditional sequential information access, thus eliminating the need to do things like
quiesce an application for backups.
TimeFinder Business Continuity is possible due to Business Continuance Volume (BCV) devices. These BCV devices
are standard Symmetrix devices that are specially configured to be dynamic mirrors. Each BCV device has its own host
address, and is configured as a stand-alone device. BCV and Standard devices should be configured on opposing Front
End and Back End Directors for redundant paths.
EMC ControlCenter provides an interface to control the use of BCV devices that already exist in the Symmetrix
configuration. Configuring Symmetrix units as BCV devices is done by the Customer Service Engineer during
installation, or by the customer with EMC ControlCenter Symmetrix Manager, or Solutions Enabler commands.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 21
EMC Global Education
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21
Standard Standard BCV BCV
Business Continuance Volumes
A BCV is a Symmetrix volume with special
attributes that allow it to be attached to another
Symmetrix Logical Volume within the same
Symmetrix as the next available mirror
Each BCV device has its own host address
(TID/LUN) and Symmetrix device number
BCVs must be the same size (Cyls) and type
(CKD/FBA) as the Standard device which it will
mirror
M1 M4 M3 M2
M1 M4 M3 M2
A BCV is a Symmetrix volume with special attributes that allow it to be attached to another Symmetrix Logical Volume
within the same Symmetrix as the next available mirror. It must be of the same size and type as the device which it will
mirror. Each BCV has its own host address and Symmetrix device number.
Copyright © 2004 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
TimeFinder Foundations, 22
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
22
Protected BCV Devices
A BCV may be
protected with a local
mirror
When a BCV is split,
the BCV mirror is
synchronized
When a BCV is
established, its local
mirror is suspended
Mirror Mirror
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
Mirror Mirror
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
Mirror Mirror
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
A BCV can be configured with a mirror device as shown in this slide. When a BCV is paired with a Standard device,
the relationship with its mirror is broken. Immediately after the split of the BCV from the Standard device, the split
BCV and its mirror resynchronize in the direction specified on the Split action.
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23
SRDF Protected BCV Devices
When an SRDF Protected BCV is
established, data is not
synchronized to the SRDF Target.
The SRDF link between the R1/BCV
and its R2 pair is logically
suspended
When an SRDF Protected BCV is
split, changed tracks are
synchronized to the SRDF Target
R1/BCV R1/BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
R2 R2 R1/BCV R1/BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
R2 R2
BCVs can be SRDF protected. When an SRDF Protected BCV is established, data is not synchronized to the SRDF
Target. The SRDF link between the SRDF pair is logically suspended. When an SRDF Protected BCV is split, changed
tracks are synchronized to the SRDF Target.
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EMC Global Education
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24
Incremental establish
or
Incremental restore
Standard Standard
volume volume
BCV BCV
4:00 a.m.
2:00 a.m.
4:00 a.m.
6:00 a.m.
Standard Standard
volume volume
Establish
Split
Establish
Split
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
Multi-BCVs
Standard device keeps track of changes to multiple BCVs one after the
other
Incremental establish or restore now possible with up to eight (default)
BCVs
Different BCVs can be established and then split from a Standard volume at different times of the day. It used to be that
the Symmetrix did not keep track tables for the previous BCVs; the track table was only for the last, most recent BCV.
Thus, a BCV that was split at 3:00 a.m. could not be re-established if another BCV had been established and split at 4:00
a.m. The 3:00 a.m. BCV would have to be established (full volume copy) again.
With the Multi-BCV function, up to eight (default) BCVs will be maintained by the Symmetrix. In other words, a BCV
that was split at 4:00 a.m. can be re-established even though another BCV was established and split at 5:00 a.m. In this
way, a user can split and incrementally re-establish volumes throughout the day or night, and still keep re-establish times
to a minimum, thus allowing multiple BCVs to maintain an incremental relationship with the same Standard device.
Incremental information can be retained between a STD (Standard) device and multiple BCV devices, provided the BCV
devices have not been paired with different STD devices.
The maximum number of BCVs that can be paired with the same STD device can be increased to as many as 16, using
the SYMCLI_MAX_BCV_PAIRS TimeFinder Solutions Enabler command variable.
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TimeFinder Foundations, 25
EMC Global Education
© 2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
25
Concurrent BCVs
Establish two BCVs with the same standard
simultaneously, or one after the other
The BCVs can be split individually or simultaneously
Each BCV will occupy a mirror position - locally
protected R1 Volumes cannot have two BCVs
established with them concurrently
Concurrent restores are not allowed
Standard Standard
volume volume
BCV1 BCV1
BCV2 BCV2
Standard Standard
volume volume
Concurrent BCVs is a TimeFinder/Mirror - BCV feature that allows two BCVs to be simultaneously established with a
Standard volume. The BCV pair can be split providing customers with two copies of the customer’s data. Each BCV can
be mounted online and made available for processing.
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TimeFinder Foundations, 26
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26
TimeFinder/Mirror - BCV Operations
Establish BCV pairs
– Synchronize the Standard volume to the BCV volume
– Options
• Full or Incremental (default)l Establish
Split BCV pairs
– Terminate mirror relationship between BCV and
Standard volumes
– Options
• Differential Split
• Reverse Split
• Instant Split (default)
• Consistent Split
Restore BCV pairs
– Synchronize contents of BCV volume to the Standard
volume
– Options
• Full or Incremental (default) Restore
Verify all BCV device
– Provide current status of BCV/Standard volume pairs
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
Volume Volume
Standard Standard
Volume Volume
Standard Standard
Volume Volume
TimeFinder/Mirror - BCV allows the user to create several host-based business continuity operations, and control these
operations through host commands. The user can establish a BCV, then split it to make the BCV available to a
host/server. After completing the business continuity processes on the BCV device, the user can re-establish the BCV
pair. Typical BCV operations include establish, split, re-establish, restore, incremental restore, and verify.
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Business Continuance Volumes
Establishing and Splitting a BCV
S
P
L
I
T
Unavailable
to host
Accessible
by host
Standard Standard
volume volume
BCV BCV
BCV BCV
ESTABLISH
BCVs must first be “established”. For example, the BCV must first be made Not Ready (unavailable to the host), then
the entire contents of the Standard is copied to the BCV.
When this is completed, the BCV can be “split” from the Standard volume and mounted to the host or another host. A
split is “instant”.
As many BCVs as required can be created.
BCVs can also be “re-established,” e.g., the data that the BCV contains can be updated with changes that have occurred
on the Standard volume.
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Production Production BCV BCV
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
Synchronized BCV
Production Production BCV BCV
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
BCV is SPLIT from production volume
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
Splitting a BCV
Activity is quiesced on the
production volume; create a
point-in-time version of the
data
The split command ends the
mirroring between the
Standard volume
(production) and the BCV
Activity is restarted on
production
BCV is now addressable as a
point-in-time copy of the
original production volume
As updates occur, Symmetrix
maintains a log of updates to
both volumes
In this example, the production volume and the BCV were established (see upper diagram), and then split (lower
diagram). Updates are now being maintained in track tables for both the production volume and the BCV, until they are
re-established or restored.
Instant Split enables a volume that was previously established to be split almost instantaneously—in less than a second
from the viewpoint of the host or server. Completion of the split process runs as a background task. This is the default
Split operation for TimeFinder.
Default Split operations for TimeFinder occur as follows:
• BCV devices are set to R/W status instantaneously after a split command is executed. The BC applications
have immediate access to the BCV devices.
• Requests (from the BCV or the STD) for tracks that have not been split are handled on a priority basis.
The Instant Split considerably reduces the time for which a DB has to be held in hot-backup mode during an on-line
split.
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Production
Production
1 1
Production
Production
2 2
Production
Production
n n
BCV 1
BCV 1
BCV 2
BCV 2
BCV n
BCV n
Consistent Split
Performs an Instant Split
across a group of devices
using a single Consistent
Split command
All the BCVs in the group are
thus consistent point-in-time
copies
Used to create a consistent
point-in-time copy of an
entire system, an entire
database, or any associated
set of volumes
Can create consistent splits
on remote BCVs through
SRDF
Consistent Split allows the creation of a group of BCVs that contain a point-in-time image of an entire system, database,
or group of associated volumes.
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Reverse Split
A reverse split will overwrite the newly synchronized production
data on the BCV with the original data from its mirror
Mirror Mirror
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
Mirror Mirror
BCV BCV
Standard Standard
volume volume
In an established state, any logical corruption on the STD will be propagated to its BCV. The reverse split option allows
the recovery back to a prior point in time. The reverse split will revert the BCV back to a prior point in time copy. This
prior point in time copy can now be used in the recovery of the STD to the same prior point in time.
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PowerPath and ECA Consistent Splits
PowerPath-based Split
PowerPath holds I/O before split
Performed from host doing I/O
Affects one host
Does not require independent
access to a gatekeeper
Symmetrix holds I/O before split
Performed by any Symmetrix-
attached host
Requires independent access to a
gatekeeper
ECA-based Split
Host Host
BCV BCV BCV BCV STD STD STD STD
PowerPath and ECA Consistent Splits:
• Are Implemented in host based SYMAPI and PowerPath software.
• Allow hot splits of re-startable database images without quiescing or placing DB in hot backup mode.
• Provide application support for Oracle, IBM UDB, SQL Server.
PowerPath suspends I/O to the devices involved in the DB, instant split is executed, and PowerPath then resumes I/O to
the devices.
Enginuity Consistency Assist (ECA) can hold I/O at the Symmetrix level – eliminates the need for PowerPath.
Consistency is maintained across multiple servers (not multiple Symmetrixes).
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Re-establishing a BCV Pair
Volume pair (Production and
BCV) have been split
Tracks on production
updated after split
Tracks on BCV have also
been updated after split
Symmetrix keeps table of
changed tracks after split
At re-establish, changed
tracks are written from
production to BCV
(incremental re-establish)
Synchronization then
completes
Production Production BCV BCV
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
Split BCV pair
Production Production BCV BCV
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
Re-establish BCV pair
In this case, the production volume and the BCV were split, and updates have occurred on both volumes (top). A “re-
establish” will join the two volumes back as a BCV pair (bottom).
All updates that have occurred on the production volume must be transferred to the BCV.
All updates that occurred on the BCV also must be replaced. This is accomplished by overwriting the records on the
BCV with the corresponding records from the production volume. This in essence destroys the updates that have
occurred on the BCV.
Remember, in a re-establishment activity, the direction of the data flow is from the production volume to the BCV.
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Production Production BCV BCV
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
Split BCV pair
Production Production BCV BCV
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
UPDATED TRACK
DATA
DATA
Re-store BCV pair
DATA
Restoring from a BCV
Production and BCV have
been split
Production has been
corrupted
Symmetrix has table of these
changed tracks after split
Restore to production from
BCV with known good data
Recovery complete
The “Restore” is very powerful and can serve many uses. However, caution must be taken before issuing the command.
The changes that have occurred on the production volume will be destroyed (lower diagram). The corresponding records
from the BCV will be written to the production volume. The changes that have occurred on the BCV will be written to
the production volume.
Remember, in a Restore function, the direction of the data flow is from the BCV to the production volume.
During a Restore operation, the BCV is first made Not Ready (unavailable to the host), the contents of the BCV are then
copied to the Standard device.
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Sample TimeFinder/Mirror - BCV Operation
Establish BCV with Standard
volume
Stop I/O for point-in-time
copy
Split BCV (BCV now uniquely
addressable)
Start I/O against Standard
volume
Execute operations against
BCVs in parallel
Re-establish BCV as
required with production
volume (resynchronization)
Standard Standard
volume volume
BCV BCV
Here are some details on establishing a BCV pair. Let’s first look at BCV implementation in its simplest form.
• As indicated, the user needs to first establish a logical connection between the Standard volume and the BCV.
This will cause the Symmetrix system to synchronize these volumes, or to make them exact mirrors.
• Once the system indicates to the host that this has been accomplished, all writes to the Standard volume will also
be posted to the BCV. Then, stop I/O or quiesce the application, waiting for application and access method
buffers to write all data to the Symmetrix system.
• At this point, split the BCV from the STD, thereby stopping the synchronization between volumes. Processing can
then take place against the BCV as well as the STD.
After the volumes have been split, the system maintains a table of “invalid tracks” or tracks on the STD which have been
updated but not posted to the BCV. If the BCV is re-established back to the original STD, the system uses this
information to minimize the time required to “resynch” the BCV pair.
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Repurposing
Consistent methodology for
all platforms
Copy on Access to allow for
instant availability of Clone
Point-in-time copy on
Standard or BCV Device
TimeFinder/Clone
ECC/OE ECC/OE Metro East
•Data warehousing
•Application testing
Clone
1
Clone
2
Clone
3
•Backups
•Web content refresh
•3
rd
party SW updates
•Decision support
Sales
Non-disruptively creates a mirrored copy
of an active application volume, or set of
volumes, within the same Symmetrix
TimeFinder/Mirror - Clone allows companies to make more effective use of their most valuable resources by enabling
parallel information access. It allows a clone to be dynamically created on either Standard or BCV devices. This allows
copies to be created without having to reconfigure the Symmetrix for Business Continuance Volumes.
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TimeFinder/Clone
Clone command to activate point-in-time
Data copied on first access (by default)
Optional setting copies all tracks without waiting for
access
Source Target Device
Standard
or
BCV
• No data moved initially
• Appears to host like source device
• Source and Target must be the same
size (open systems)
A clone is a point-in-time image of the full source volume in open systems. When creating a clone image, it is not
necessary to first perform a full establish operation as you would with traditional TimeFinder/Mirror - BCVs. Upon
activation of the cloned image, it is fully read/write enabled; data is copied as it is accessed or, optionally, all the source
tracks are copied in the background immediately upon activation.
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Copy On Access
Data is copied to the Target device
– The first time a track on the source device is written to
– or a track on the target is accessed (read or write)
Source Target Device
Write
to
Track
Original
Track
Using the copy on access method when activating a Clone means that the first time a track is either written to or read
from, then the track is copied to the Clone. In this case, both the source and the Clone are affected by the IO.
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Restoring from a Clone
Technically it is not a restore but a new Clone
Steps would be:
– Create a clone with a –copy option
– After the copy is complete, terminate the clone session
– Now start a fresh cloning session using old target as new source
Source Target Device
Restoring Original Data
Target device is unchanged after
reversing direction of copy
Restoring from a Clone actually creates a new clone session. The original session must be terminated before a restore
(new clone session) can be initiated.
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Repurposing
Reduces Disk Space
required for Mirrored Copy
Copy-on-write technique to
conserve disk space
Non-disruptive incremental
resynchronization
Maximize business
operations by enabling
parallel processing
TimeFinder/SNAP
ECC/OE ECC/OE Metro East
•Data warehousing
•Application testing
•Backups
•Web content refresh
•3
rd
party SW updates
•Decision support
Non-disruptively creates a mirrored copy
of an active application volume, or set of
volumes, within the same Symmetrix
VDEV
1
VDEV
2
VDEV
3
Sales
Every business strives to increase productivity and utilization of its most important resource—information. The
information asset is key to finding the right customers, building the right products, and offering the best service. The
greater the extent that this corporate information can be shared, re-used, and exploited, the greater competitive
advantage a company can gain.
So let’s look at this business challenge: increase productivity through parallel access to information.
Imagine that you could create the environment where a single instance of corporate information could be accessed in
parallel by multiple business units, and where you could retain multiple checkpoints of that data throughout the day
without consuming large amounts of disk space. Imagine an environment where you can improve service levels by
eliminating the stop-and-go sequential information access methods of the past.
What would this environment do for the enterprise?
• Increase application availability while reducing downtime
• Minimize data exposure and recovery time through creating more frequent point-in-time images of data
• Enable non-disruptive access to critical data for concurrent processing
Backup, reporting, testing, migrations, data warehousing
• Provide improved data recovery and application consistency
• Reduce replication Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) while meeting new and ever changing service levels
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TimeFinder/Snap for Symmetrix DMX
Snapshots create logical
point-in-time images of a
source volume
Requires only a fraction of
the source volume’s capacity
Multiple snapshots can be
created from a source
volume and are available
immediately
Snapshots support both
read-only and read/write
processing
Supports mainframe and
open systems host
environments
Complements TimeFinder
and provides unmatched
replication flexibility
Save Area
Production view
Snap view
Production
volume
Production
volume
Virtual Device (VDEV)
Pointer Map
TimeFinder/Snap creates space-saving, logical point-in-time images or “snapshots”. The snapshots are not full copies of
data; they are logical images of the original information, based on the time the snapshot was created. It’s simply a view
into the data.
A set of pointers to the source volume data tracks is instantly created upon activation of the snapshot. This set of pointers
is addressed as a logical volume and is made accessible to a secondary host that uses the point-in-time image of the
underlying data.
TimeFinder/Snap supports:
• Open and mainframe data volumes
• Up to 16 concurrent snaps of a single source volume in open systems and eight on mainframe
• Full function access to the snap; that is, the snap may also be updated with the updates residing in the Save Area.
In many situations, you find yourself trying to support multiple service levels with a single solution. EMC Snap now
allows you to complement existing TimeFinder environments, fulfilling multiple service level requirements while
balancing the economics of the solutions.
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Creating Logical Point-In-Time Images
Snap is “activated”
at a set point in time
Collection of
“pointers” into
production data
Dedicated “Save
Area” for changed
data
Save Area is
typically a fraction of
source capacity
Production
Volume
Production
Volume
Application I/O
The Save Area storage pool is a
fraction of the capacity of the
standard volumes to be snapped
Track C
Track B
Track A
Production view
Snap view
Persistent, cache-based
“Pointer Map”
Access to snap
Save Area
The Production view is a standard view into an active production volume from the host’s perspective. EMC Snap creates
the same type of view into your production data at a specific point in time. The cache-resident pointers maintain the
point-in-time nature of the snapshot as unchanged data is “shared” with the Production view and changed data is
temporarily collected in the pre-defined Save Area.
Best practice for Snap would not require more than 20% of the source volumes’ capacity in the save area.
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Production
Volume
Production
Volume
“Copy on First Write” Overview
First write to Data C;
copy on first write is invoked
Updated
Track C
Track B
Track A
Snapshot view
First write to unchanged data performs
Copy on First Write
Preserves the point in time of the
snapshot
Snapshot becomes a combination of
pointers to production data and Save
Area data
Original
Track C
Save Area Save Area
Production view
TimeFinder/Snap uses a process called “Copy on First Write” when handling writes to the production data when a
snapshot is running.
For example, let’s say a snapshot is active on the production volume. When a host attempts to write to the data on the
production volume, the original Track C is first copied to the Save Area, then the write is processed against the
production volume. This process of pointers maintains the consistent, point-in-time copy of the data for the ongoing
snapshot.
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Snapshot Consistency
Enables multiple volumes to
be “snapped” as one logical
unit
– Ensures consistency across
multiple volumes
I/O from host is temporarily
held for all devices in the
Symmetrix DMX
– Dependent write ordering is
maintained
– Snapshots are activated
– I/O resumes without
application impact
– Devices are consistent and
re-startable as a set
Host
Application
Consistent activation
enables multiple volumes
to be snapped as “one,”
ensuring consistency
Production
Volume
Production
Volume
Save Area
When you create a point-in-time image across multiple devices, it is imperative that the entire set of logical volumes be
captured at the exact same time.
One way to achieve this is to shut down, or totally quiesce, an application so no I/O occurs while you create the sessions.
This is obviously a problem in today’s application environments.
EMC has a solution to this problem. It’s called Enginuity Consistency Assist. When you create a set of snapshots and
invoke Enginuity Consistency Assist, the Symmetrix will align the I/Os of those devices and halt all I/O from the host
systems very briefly—much faster than the applications can detect—while it creates the snapshot session. It then
resumes normal operation and without any application impact. This ensures write dependency across all devices in the
Volume Group.
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How to Perform a Backup with TimeFinder/Snap
Production
Volume
Production
Volume
Save Area Save Area
Application I/O
Track C
Track B
Track A
Production view
Snapshot view Access point for backup
Track C
Backup host will see an image of the volume as it
existed at the time of the snapshot
Will read from both the shared source data and the
copy of first write data that resides in the Save Area
Some I/O contention on the shared source volume
Here is an example of a backup operation from a snapshot. The snapshot gets created, the backup host mounts the
snapshot, and performs the backup against the snapshot. It is important to note that the backup runs a sequential read
process against the snapshot, so the production application may encounter some performance contention during the
backup, due to the fact that the snapshot and the production host are both looking at many of the same spindles for the
unchanged data.
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Production
Volume
Production
Volume
Save Area Save Area
How to Restore Data with TimeFinder/Snap
Track C
Track B
Track A
Production view
Snapshot view
Track C
Restore is incremental to Standard
Supports “instant restore”
Reducing recovery time objectives
Production I/O Is temporarily paused
when restoring directly to the standard
EMC Snap copies “Save Area”
data back to the standard
Can restore directly to
The source volume
A split BCV of source
A separate volume
Here is an example of an incremental restore operation back to the original standard. When the restore is initiated, the
host application must be offline so as not to create the potential for data corruption during the restore process. The
restore completes after all the collected changed data in the Save Area for that particular snapshot is copied back to the
Standard volume.
You can also restore to a BCV of the standard when it is in split mode, or to a completely separate volume.
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TimeFinder Commonly used Tools
EMC Control Center
– Easy, point-and-click access
– Excellent for ad hoc TimeFinder operations
EMC Replication Manager
– Discovers replication environments
– Automates replication process
– Integrates replication technologies at the application level
TimeFinder/Exchange Integration Module (TimeFinder/EIM)
– Provides a comprehensive backup management interface specifically for
Windows servers, that support Microsoft Exchange databases residing in
Symmetrix storage
– Produces exact copies of the production volumes that hold the Exchange
server information stores and logs
– Full and single mailbox restores in a fraction of the usual time
TimeFinder/SQL Integration Module (TimeFinder/SIM)
– Provides a comprehensive backup and recovery management interface
specifically for Windows servers, that support Microsoft SQL Server
databases
– Integrates and collectively automates the command actions and
behavioral features
EMC Control Center
Through the graphical user interface (GUI) within EMC ControlCenter software related devices are grouped together
in device groups. TimeFinder operations may be performed on all devices in a device group using a single command,
since group information is maintained in the SYMAPI Database.
EMC Replication Manager
What this means to EMC customers is that they can now simplify and standardize methods for deploying replications,
and replications can be leveraged for a variety of purposes, including backup, testing, recovery, and reporting.
Replication Manager is simple, automated and open.
It is simple because Replication Manager is one application that automates, simplifies, and manages disk-based
replications. The application provides a layer of transparency to underlying technology complexity. It insulates the user
from the storage environment, replication software being used, the type of server, the operating system, disk volumes,
etc.
TimeFinder/Exchange Integration Module (TimeFinder/EIM)
TimeFinder/EIM provides a comprehensive backup management interface specifically for Windows servers that
support Microsoft Exchange databases residing in Symmetrix storage. Using the TimeFinder/EIM software produces
exact copies of the production volumes, that hold the Exchange server information stores and logs. This enables
Exchange administrators to perform both full- and single- mailbox restores in a fraction of the usual time.
TimeFinder/SQL Integration Module (TimeFinder/SIM)
TimeFinder/SIM provides a comprehensive backup and recovery management interface specifically for Windows
servers that support Microsoft SQL Server databases. TimeFinder/SIM integrates and collectively automates the
command actions and behavioral features of EMC TimeFinder, SRDF, and the tools supplied with Microsoft SQL
Server 2000 products.
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Accessing TimeFinder via Solutions Enabler
Solutions Enabler TimeFinder Feature
– Based on SYMAPI
– Consistent command syntax
– Functions implemented using binary commands
– Used for Job Control Language on mainframes and scripting
on Open Systems
Device Groups
– A collection of devices, assigned to a named group, to
provide a more manageable object to query status and
impart control operations
– Devices can be associated as either a device group or a
composite group
Solutions Enabler allows access through the command line interface (CLI ). Automation for Mainframes can occur
through job steps in the Job Control Language and through Open Systems scripting.
A collection of devices can be assigned to a named group to provide a more manageable object to query status and
impart control operations. Groups can be used to identify and work with a subset of available Symmetrix devices,
obtain configuration, status, and performance statistics on a collection of related devices, or issue control operations
that apply to all devices in the specified device group.
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Group Types
Device Group (DG)
– A user-defined group comprised of devices that
• belong to a single Symmetrix array
• a single RDF (RA) group
– Control operations can be performed on the group as a
whole, or on the individual device pairs that comprise it
Composite Group (CG)
– A user-defined group comprised of devices that
• belong to one or more locally-attached Symmetrix arrays
• one or more RDF (RA) groups within a Symmetrix.
– Control operations can only be performed on the group as a
whole
A device group (DG) is a user-defined group comprised of devices that belong to a single Symmetrix array and a single
RDF (RA) group. A control operation can be performed on the group as a whole, or on the individual device pairs that
comprise it.
A composite group (CG) is a user-defined group comprised of devices that can belong to one or more locally-attached
Symmetrix arrays, and one or more RDF (RA) groups within a Symmetrix. However, composite groups are limited by
the fact that control operations can only be performed on the group as a whole.
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Group Name Services
Provides the optional ability
to store device and
composite group definitions
in a shared repository on
each Symmetrix array
Automatically become visible
to all locally attached hosts
Allows all GNS-enabled
hosts to see the same group
definitions across the
Symmetrix environment
Shares real-time updates to
group definitions and
configurations made by other
hosts
Host
Host
Host
Repository Repository
In a default Symmetrix environment, device group and composite group definitions are created via a locally attached
host. Upon creation, the group definition is stored in the host’s configuration database file. Therefore, only the host that
created the group would see the group and control it. To perform control operations from another locally attached host,
the group definition would have to be manually copied to other hosts.
Optionally, you could enable the Group Name Services (GNS) option on your Symmetrix-based hosts. GNS provides
the optional ability to store device and composite group definitions in a shared repository located on each Symmetrix
array, which would then automatically become visible to all locally attached hosts. This allows all GNS-enabled hosts
to see the same group definitions across your Symmetrix environment, while sharing real-time updates to group
definitions and configurations made by other hosts.
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Course Summary
Key Points covered in this course:
Functional concepts of TimeFinder
Benefits of TimeFinder
Differences between the various TimeFinder Replication
Solutions
Key points that were covered in this course are shown here. Please take a moment to review them.
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Closing Slide
Thank you for your attention. This ends our training on TimeFinder Foundations.

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