TOAD DBA Module Guide
Content
®
USER'S GUIDE
This guide contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. The information in this guide is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Quest Software. The software described in this guide is furnished under a license or nondisclosure agreement. This software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of this agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use without the written permission of Quest Software, Inc.
© 2000 Quest Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Quest™ is a trademark of Quest Software, Inc. TOAD® is a registered trademark of Quest Software, Inc. Quest Software, Inc. 8001 Irvine Center Drive Irvine, CA 92618 USA Tel. 949-754-8000 / Fax 949-754-8999
[email protected] [email protected] www.quest.com
TOAD® is a registered trademark of Quest Software, Inc. Other trademarks and registered trademarks used in this guide are the property of their respective owners.
Contents
C O N T E N T S
TOAD DBA Module User’s Guide
1 2 INTRODUCTION CREATE MENU DIRECTORY LIBRARY POLICY PROFILE ROLE ROLLBACK SEGMENT SNAPSHOT/M-VIEW TABLESPACE 3 DBA MENU 27 28 32 33 34 42 50 55 56 59 60 61 63 64 67 69 70 73 75 77 80 TOAD MONITOR REPAIR CHAINED ROWS IDENTIFY SPACE DEFICITS EXPORT UTILITY WIZARD IMPORT UTILITY WIZARD SQL*LOADER INTERFACE GENERATE SCHEMA SCRIPT COMPARE SCHEMAS 4 SCHEMA BROWSER DBA FUNCTIONS DIRECTORIES JOBS LIBRARIES POLICIES PROFILES ROLES ROLLBACK SEGMENTS SNAPSHOTS TABLESPACES USERS 5 VIEW MENU 79 ORAINIT PARAMETERS 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 25
6
TOAD
User’s Guide
NLS PARAMETERS
81
Introduction
TOAD DBA This manual covers the optional TOAD DBA Module. TOAD DBA adds database administration functionality for common database management tasks throughout base TOAD. NOTE: A few DBA Options are on the View > Options > DBA page and are discussed in the TOAD Monitor, Export Utility Wizard, Import Utility Wizard, and SQL*Loader Interface chapters. Use TOAD DBA to Manage Disk Space Create or Modify User Accounts Create or Schedule Batch Jobs Compare Schemas Implement Database Security Run DBA Reports
This guide is for users who have the optional TOAD DBA Module. The guide covers the following features: DBA Options Create Menu DBA features DBA Menu Schema Browser DBA functions
8
Note that this TOAD DBA Module Guide was prepared in December 2000. New or changed TOAD features (including TOAD DBA features) since December 2000 are not reflected in this version of the TOAD DBA Module User's Guide. For details on base TOAD, including navigation and main windows, refer to the TOAD User's Guide. For details on installing and uninstalling TOAD, refer to the TOAD Getting Started Guide.
Remember, you can always access TOAD Help while in TOAD by pressing the F1 Key.
Create Menu
The DBA Module adds the following menu items to the Create Menu: Directory, Library, Policy, Profile, Role, Rollback Segment, Snapshot/M-View, and Tablespace.
10
Directory
You get to this window from the Create > Directory menu item or from the Schema Browser > Directory page > Create Directory button.
This window is used to create a new directory object. A directory object is an alias to a directory on the server's file system where external binary large objects (BFILEs) are stored. You enter the Name and Path. A drilldown button opens a Browse for folder window where you can select a directory and click OK and the selected path is automatically entered in the Path textbox. The Show SQL button opens a SQL statement window where your Create Directory SQL statement is displayed. The Clipboard button on the window copies the statement to the clipboard. The Save to File button opens the Save As dialog where you can choose a path and enter a file name.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
11
Library
You get to this window from the Create > Library menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Libraries page > Create new Library button.
This window lets you create a new library object. A library object is an alias to an operating system shared library (like a .DLL) that can be used in SQL or PL/SQL to allow calls to external functions. Choose a Schema from the dropdown. This will be the schema that owns the library. Textboxes let you enter the library Name (alias name for the library) and File Name. The Show SQL button displays the SQL Statement window where the Create Library statement is displayed and can be copied via the Clipboard button or saved via the Save to File button.
12
Policy
You get to this window from the Create > Policy menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Policies page > Create new policy toolbar button This window lets you create a new policy through the DBMS_RLS package. If you do not have DBMS_RLS you cannot use this function in TOAD. Refer to the Oracle documentation for more information. A textbox lets you enter the Policy Name. A dropdown lets you select the Schema from which you will select the table or view. Radio buttons let you choose either Tables or Views. A dropdown lets you select the Table (if the radio button selection is Tables) or View (if the radio button selection is Views). Additional dropdowns let you select the Schema containing the predicate package, Predicate Package, and Predicate Function. Checkboxes let you select the statement type(s): Select, Insert, Update, Delete. Another checkbox allows you to Enable the Policy at Creation. The Execute button Creates the Policy.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
13
Profile
You get to this window from the Create > Profile menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Profiles page > Create New Profile button. This window lets you create a new profile. A profile is a set of limits on database resources. If you assign the profile to a user, that user cannot exceed those limits.
14
The Resource Parameters and Password Parameters tabs contain dropdowns where you can select Default or Unlimited for numerous parameter items. The Show SQL button opens the QParserBrowser window which displays SQL Strings, SQL Text, Clause Text, and Values.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
15
Role
You get to this window from the Create > Role menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Roles page > Create new Role button.
Name Type in the Name of the Role.
Identification radio buttons Select the desired identification method Not Identified By Password (type in the password in the password textbox) Externally Globally
16
Rollback Segment
You get to this window from the Create > Rollback Segment menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Rollback Segments page > Create new Rollback Segment button.
This window lets you create a new rollback segment. A rollback segment is an object that Oracle uses to store data necessary to reverse (undo) changes made by non-completed transactions. You enter the Name in the textbox and choose the Tablespace where you want the rollback segment created from the dropdown. Check the Public checkbox if you want the Rollback Segment to be public (available to any instance). The default is unchecked. There are dropdowns for Extents and Size. Initial Extent specifies the size of the object's first extent. Next Extent specifies the size of the next extent allocated to the object. Min Extents specifies the total number of extents to allocate when the object is created.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
17
Max Extents specifies the maximum number of extents that can be allocated. Optimal Size specifies an optimal size for the rollback segment. The Show SQL button displays the SQL Statement window which displays the create statement for your new rollback segment. The Clipboard button lets you copy the statement to the clipboard. The Save to File button lets you save the statement.
18
Snapshot/M-View
You get to this window from the Create > Snapshot/M-View menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Snapshots page > Create New Snapshot button.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
19
The Snapshot/MView window lets you create, update, or modify a snapshot (also referred to as a materialized view). A snapshot is basically a partial (subset) or complete copy of a table. You can set your TOAD snapshots to be read-only or updateable (which allows users to insert, modify, or delete rows). Snapshots can be stored in the same database as the master table or in a different database. Snapshots provide an easy way to copy a table, for example from corporate to remote offices, so that everyone can have access to the data without having to access information across a network. So, network traffic is minimized and system performance is maximized. Snapshots can also be used to offload information. The dropdown button lets you choose your Schema for the new snapshot. Name lets you enter the name for the new snapshot. The Show SQL button opens the SQL Statement window which shows the corresponding Create SQL statement. You can copy the statement to the clipboard via the Clipboard button or save it via the Save to File button. The window has 4 tabs: Snapshot Info, Physical Attributes, Snapshot SubQuery, and Partitions.
Snapshot Info tab
Cluster checkbox If checked, TOAD will create the snapshot as part of the cluster specified.
Cluster textbox This is where you enter the name of the cluster.
Cluster List box This displays the cluster columns. You can modify this list with the Add, Edit, and Delete buttons.
20
Tablespace dropdown Select the tablespace in which you want your snapshot to be created.
Logging checkbox If checked, TOAD will log the creation of the snapshot, partition, or LOB storage characteristics in the redo log file.
Cache checkbox If checked, then data blocks will be placed in the buffer cache when a table scan is performed.
Parallel checkbox If checked, the snapshot will be parallelized.
Parallel Number box If the Parallel checkbox is checked, this input box is enabled. You enter the degree of parallelism (the number of threads used) or you can use the up down arrows to scroll through the numbers.
Using Index checkbox If checked, TOAD lets you specify parameters for the snapshot indexes. If this option is checked, the drilldown button is enabled. The drilldown button invokes the Physical Attributes window.
Allow Updates checkbox If checked, you can update the snapshot (read-write). If unchecked, the snapshot is read-only.
Enable Query Rewrite checkbox If checked, the snapshot is enabled for query rewrite.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
21
Build checkbox If checked, you can specify when to populate the snapshot. If checked, the radio buttons are enabled. You can choose to build Immediate or build Deferred. Immediate will populate the snapshot immediately. Deferred populates the snapshot during the next refresh.
On Prebuilt Table checkbox If checked, the table will be registered to the preinitialized snapshot. The table and snapshot must have the same name. If checked, the radio buttons are enabled. If you select Without Reduced Precision, the precision of the table or snapshot columns must match exactly with the precision of the subquery results. If you select With Reduced Precision, the precision of the table or snapshot view columns do not have to exactly match the subquery results.
Refresh checkbox If checked, you can customize how Oracle will automatically refresh the snapshot. If checked, the refresh options are enabled.
Never Refresh checkbox If checked, the snapshot will not automatically refresh.
Refresh Options Refresh Mode dropdown Fast, Complete, Force Fast - only updates data in the snapshot log associated with master/detail table Complete – re-executes the snapshot view Force - If fast refresh is possible then it performs a fast refresh, otherwise it performs a complete refresh
22
On Demand checkbox This is mutually exclusive to the On Commit checkbox. If checked, snapshots will be refreshed on demand.
On Commit checkbox This is mutually exclusive to the On Demand checkbox. If checked, snapshots will refresh automatically during the next commit.
Date
Start With This is mutually exclusive to the Next checkbox. If checked, you can use the dropdown to pull up a calendar where you select a date for the first automatic refresh time.
Next This is mutually exclusive to the Start With checkbox. If checked, you can use the dropdown to pull up a calendar where you select a date to calculate intervals between auto refreshes.
With
Primary Key radio button If selected, a primary key snapshot will be created.
Rowid radio button If selected, a rowid snapshot will be created.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
23
Rollback Segment checkbox This lets you specify the rollback segment to use. If checked, it enables the Master and Local radio buttons.
Master radio button If the Rollback Master option is selected, the remote rollback segment will be used at the remote master for the snapshot.
Local radio button If the Rollback Local option is selected, the remote rollback segment will be used for the snapshot that is in the local refresh group.
Default Segment checkbox If checked, the snapshot will use the default rollback segment. If unchecked, the Rollback Segment textbox is enabled.
Rollback Segment textbox This is enabled if the Default Segment checkbox is unchecked. You type in the rollback segment that will be used.
Physical Attributes tab The physical attributes tab contains dropdowns and value boxes that let you define physical options such as percent free, storage extents, and buffer pool.
Snapshot/MView Subquery tab This lets you enter the subquery that is to be used to generate the snapshot.
24
Partitions tab In order for this tab to be enabled you must enter a valid subquery into the snapshot subquery tab. You select columns from the Available Columns list to determine which columns the partition will be based upon. Double-click on the column name or (Click on the column and Click the single right arrow) to move the selected columns into the Partitions Columns list.
Add a Partition Once you select columns for the partitions to be based upon, you can then add a partition. For range partitions, you do this by clicking the Add button. The Add Partition dialog displays, and you can provide a partition name. You must enter the upper range for each column within the partition, or select Maxvalue from the dropdown list on that dialog. (NOTE: String value upperbounds must be enclosed in single quotes within the grid, e.g. for a Last Name column with a datatype of varchar2, an upper bound could be 'Smith'. The single quotes must be entered into the grid.) To add a hash partition, select the tablespaces to use for the hash partition. You can also alter snapshots through the Schema Browser window > Snapshots page > Alter button.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
25
Tablespace
You get to this window from the Create > Tablespace menu item or from the Schema Browser window, Tablespaces page, Create New Tablespace button.
26
Textboxes let you enter names. Dropdowns let you specify extents. Radio buttons let you specify Temporary or Permanent objects. With Extent Management checked you can choose Dictionary, if you want the tablespaces to use the SQL dictionary tables to track space usage. If you choose Local, then bit maps will track space usage.
DBA Menu
All the items in the DBA Menu are part of the TOAD DBA Module. The DBA Menu items are: TOAD Monitor, Repair Chained Rows, Identify Space Deficits, Export Utility Wizard, SQL*Loader Interface, Generate Schema Script, and Compare Schemas.
28
TOAD Monitor
You get to this window from the DBA > TOAD Monitor menu item.
TOAD Monitor lets you monitor database performance with six charts: Logical IO, Physical IO, Event Waits, Sessions, Call Rates, and Miss Rates. TOAD Monitor must be launched in order to work. You can launch it manually, or you can set Monitor to launch automatically by checking the Open a monitor window for each connection checkbox on the View > Options > DBA page.
TNS Ping checkbox If checked, TOAD will ping the Oracle server (using TNS ping) before it runs the query.
Ping checkbox If checked, TOAD will perform a TCP/IP ping to the Oracle server before it runs the query.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
29
Right–click on a graph to access a right-click menu that contains the menu items Zoom (displays the enlarged graph in its own window) and Print.
You can set up numerous thresholds and alerts in the View > Options > Monitor page
Each item in the series list corresponds to one line on the graph. You can enter the minimum and maximum threshold values. Checkboxes let you Enable alerts and Use Tray Icon. If Enable alerts is checked, TOAD alerts you when a threshold has been exceeded. Use Tray Icon will display a blinking TOAD icon in your system tray if you have an alert and you have enabled alerts. The TOAD Monitor window must be open for alerts to be enabled. (In Windows NT you can click on the blinking TOAD and the TOAD Monitor window will display in the foreground). You can also have alerts emailed to you.
30
The Email button invokes the Email Alerts window which is where you set up the sender and receiver information.
You should consult your email administrator to determine the proper settings.
From box Enter your email address. This is where you wish to receive email alerts.
To, Cc, Bcc boxes Enter the recipients’ email addresses.
Subject This is the subject of the email. The default entry is TOAD Monitor Alert, but you can edit this if you wish.
The body of the email will contain the alert message.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
31
NOTE: The SMTP Server must be specified and may not be the same as the exchange server. Port This is the port number on the machine where the SMTP server is listening. The default is 25.
If you click the Alerts button a history of alerts will display. Alerts are stored in memory until you close TOAD Monitor.
32
Repair Chained Rows
You get to this window from the DBA > Repair Chained Rows menu item. This window shows tables that have chained rows. When data for a row in a table cannot fit into a single data block, it is stored in a chain of data blocks (more than one data block). The original row of data points to the new block or blocks of data. A result of chained rows is that Oracle must scan more than one block of data to retrieve information.
Analyze tab Click the ADD button to bring up a Select Tables to Analyze menu where you can select the schema (from a dropdown list) and table(s) from a list of tables in the schema to analyze. Click in the checkbox preceding the table(s) to select or unselect the table(s). Select All and Select None buttons help with quick selection.
Data tab This displays the schema, table name, and the number of rows chained in the table.
Repair tab This creates an intermediate table, copies chained rows to it, deletes the chained rows from the existing table(s), and then copies the rows back into the existing table(s). You might need to increase the existing table(s)' data block size to completely eliminate chaining completely. After selecting your table(s) you name your intermediate table. You can also select a rollback segment from the dropdown.
Results tab The Results tab lists the tables that were not repaired and the reasons.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
33
Identify Space Deficits
You get to this window from the DBA > Identify Space Deficits menu item. This displays tables that do not have enough free disk space to allocate their next extent. The Alter Tablespace button invokes the Alter Tablespace window for the selected tablespace which you can then modify.
34
Export Utility Wizard
You get to this window from the DBA > Export Utility Wizard menu item
Use this window to export a schema script using Virtual DBA routines. NOTE: You can set Export to execute in either the Foreground or Background through the View > Options > DBA page. This is a wizard that lets you easily transfer data objects between Oracle databases. In the first step radio buttons let you choose what you want to export. The choices are: Tables - exports selected tables and all dependent objects Users - exports all objects from the users that you select Database - exports an entire database
After you make your selection click the Next button.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
35
Tables
If you select tables from the first wizard window and click the Next button, the next window to display will be a table selection window. The top dropdown lets you select the Schema. Tables from that schema will then display in the left panel from which you can select which table(s) you want to export. Your selections will display in the Selected Tables List (right panel). Select the table or tables by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
36
The next window contains checkboxes for selecting or deselecting additional parameters for your export file.
Parameters checkboxes Compress If checked, export will flag table data for consolidation into one initial extent upon export.
Export Table Rows If checked, the rows of table data will be exported.
Direct Path If checked, TOAD will use a direct path instead of a conventional path for export.
Record If checked, records incremental or cumulative export in SYS tables INCEXP, INCFIL, and INCVID.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
37
Indexes If checked, indexes will be included in the export.
Constraints If checked, constraints will be included in the export.
Grants If checked, object grants will be included in the export.
Consistent If checked, TOAD will ensure that data does not change during the execution of the export.
Buffer entry box This is where you specify the size in bytes that the buffer uses to fetch rows. (0=1 row at a time)
Record Length entry box This is where you specify the file record length, in bytes.
Statistics dropdown You can choose Estimate, Compute, or None.
Provide a feedback dot... box Here you specify how many rows you want exported before a feedback dot is displayed.
Select the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
38
The next window is where you enter the filenames. Drilldown buttons let you search through your files.
Output File name box You can enter a name for your export file.
Log File name box Enter the name of your log file. This is the file that will receive informational and error messages.
Parameter Filename box Enter the parameter filename. This is the file that contains a list of export parameters.
Click the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
39
The next window is where you select your export action from a radio button list of actions. The choices are: Execute Now Schedule to run later Simply close after building the parameter file
40
Users
If you select the Users export radio button in the first wizard window then your next window will be a users selection window. Available Users will display in the left panel. Select the User(s) you want to export (which will move to the Selected Users list) by double-clicking or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. Select the user or users by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window. The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Database Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
41
Database If you choose Database, the following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
42
Import Utility Wizard
You get to this window from the DBA > Import Utility Wizard menu item.
This is a wizard that lets you easily transfer data objects between Oracle databases. Note: You can set Import to execute in either the Foreground or Background through the View > Options > DBA page. In the first step radio buttons let you choose what you want to import. The choices are: Tables – imports tables and their associated objects Users – imports schemas Database – imports the entire export file
After you make your selection click the Next button.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
43
44
Tables
If you select tables from the first wizard window and click the Next button, the next window to display will be a table selection window. A checkbox lets you Show only users who own objects. The top dropdown lets you select the Schema. Tables from that schema will then display in the left panel from which you can select which table(s) you want to import. Your selections will display in the Selected Tables List (right panel). Select the table or tables by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
45
In the next window, checkboxes let you select which objects to import. You can check multiple boxes. The checkboxes are Grants, Indexes, Table rows, and Constraints (enabled for Oracle 8.1 or later).
Record length box You can specify the length of the file record, or leave it blank which will default to use the platform’s BUFSIZ value.
You can also select additional options including:
Buffer size box Specify the size in bytes that the buffer uses to fetch rows. (0=1 row at a time)
Provide a feedback dot... box Specify how many rows you want imported before a feedback dot is displayed.
Select the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
46
The next window is where you enter the filenames. Drilldown buttons let you search through your files.
Export file name box Enter a name for your export file.
Log File name box Enter the name of your log file.
Index File name box Enter the name of your index file.
Parameter Filename box Enter the parameter filename. This file contains a list of import parameters.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
47
The next window is where you select your export action from a radio button list of actions. The choices are: Import Now Schedule to run later Just build the parameter file
After you make your selection, click Finish.
48
Users
If you select the Users import radio button in the first wizard window then your next window will be a users selection window.
A checkbox lets you Show only users who own objects. Select the users you are importing from and to from the From and To dropdowns. You can remove users from the selection list by clicking on the name and clicking the Remove button. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
49
Database
If you select the Database radio button the next window contains radio buttons for you to select a schema. You can also select the type of incremental export. Note that you can choose not to have an incremental export. Click Next to continue.
The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
50
SQL*Loader Interface
For more information on the SQL*Loader Interface, including step-by-step examples, see the Overview of the TOAD SQL*Loader Interface, a PDF document that is included in your TOAD DBA installation.
You get to this window from the DBA > SQL*Loader Interface menu item. NOTE: If you have difficulty running SQL*Loader, make sure that you have the correct version installed. You can do this by running the executable with no parameters in a command prompt window. Note that the executable on the server can only be run from the server.
The TOAD SQL*Loader Interface is a utility that lets you graphically build a control file for use with the SQL*Loader, a database server application. It can also run SQL*Loader in either the foreground or the background. (The Foreground Background radio button options are on the View > Options > DBA page.) It can schedule the SQL*Loader execution as a Windows Job for later execution. Source Files tab This is where you enter the list of the data files that you want to load into one or more tables. You must have at least one input file.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
51
Input File This is the data file which can be in stream, fixed, or variable format. The default format is stream.
Bad File This file will contain rejected records. It’s named the same as the input file by default, with a .BAD extension.
Discard File This contains the records that were not inserted during the load, because they did not match any of the selection criteria.
Add button Click Add to add your data file. The Add input file dialog will display.
Click the drilldown next to the Input file name entry box to choose the data file. The Bad file and Discard file textboxes are automatically entered with their default extensions.
52
Record Format radio buttons
Stream Format This is the default. Lines are read until an end-of-record marker is found (end-of-line character, by default).
Fixed Record Format Each record must be a fixed number of bytes in length.
Variable Record Format Each record may be a different length, as specified by a special field – the first field in each record. (You must specify the length of this field.)
end of record box If you leave this field empty the end-of-line character will be the end-of-record by default.
Discard up to _____ records box This field indicates the maximum number of records to put into the discard file. If you leave this box empty, it indicates that you want all records.
Once you have entered all the data click OK.
You can select many different input files if desired, but they must all have the same record layout. (They could have a different record format.)
Destination Tables tab This is where you select the destination table(s). Click the Add button and the Table Name Select window will display.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
53
Double-click on a table or click on a table and click OK to select a table from the list. The Tables Parameters tab and the Columns Parameters tabs let you enter the parameters for your destination table(s).
Parameters tab You can name the control file whatever you wish, including the extension. The Parameters tab also contains numerous options. You can always move your mouse over a field to display microhelp information.
Preview Control File tab This displays a preview of the contents of the control file. Simply click on this tab at any time to preview your control file.
Save button Click Save at any time to save the control file. The control file is also automatically saved whenever you click Execute Now.
Execute Now button This executes your control file and displays the SQL*Loader Status window.
SQL*Loader Status window This window contains a Messages tab and a Log File tab.
Messages tab If any errors occurred when running the loader, they are displayed in the messages tab. This tab also contains version information about the SQL*Loader and the time it was executed.
Log File tab This displays detailed information about what occurred during execution.
54
NT Job Scheduler The SQL*Loader has a scheduler which lets you schedule the load as a windows task. Clicking the Schedule button opens the NT Job Scheduler window. It lets you set the time for it to run and the frequency. Once you click OK your job is added. In Windows Explorer, if you then click on the Scheduled Tasks folder you’ll see your job and its schedule information.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
55
Generate Schema Script
You get to this window from the DBA > Generate Schema Script menu item. This window takes the current schema and builds DDL for all objects you select. This is useful, for example, if your database crashes because you'll have a script to recreate all your objects.
If you choose the radio button Extract from Schema, it produces a schema script. If you choose the radio button to Extract from Schema Definition File it produces a .def file. You can check or uncheck the desired Objects and Options checkboxes.
56
Compare Schemas
You get to this window from the DBA > Compare Schemas menu item. This window lets you compare two schemas and tells you what has changed from the original reference source to the comparison source.
Schemas tab Select the Reference Source and the Comparison Source. Radio buttons let you choose either Schema or a Definition File. If you choose Schema you choose the Connection and the Schema.
Options tab Checkboxes let you select options and what object types will be compared.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
57
Results are automatically displayed in the Comparison Results window.
Comparison Results window
Hierarchy tab A Venn diagram symbol on the left of each numbered item indicates if it's new or has been deleted. The list details the new and deleted items.
Detailed Migration Report tab This lists the code for the new and deleted items.
Statistics tab This shows comparison totals for different elements such as the total deletions for grants.
Schema Browser DBA functions
This chapter discusses the new Schema Browser DBA pages and functions.
60
Directories
You can create a new directory or alter an existing directory.
Objects Panel
Create a New Directory This displays the Directory window. Type in the Name in the Name box. The Path box lets you type in the path, or you can click the drill down button and browse through your directory folders until you find your destination, click OK, and the target path will display in the Path textbox. You can also create a new directory through the Create > Directory menu item which will invoke the Directory window.
Alter Directory This lets you Alter the selected directory.
Drop Directory This lets you drop the selected directory.
Details Panel
The Details panel shows the directory path.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
61
Jobs
You can create, alter, execute, and drop jobs. You can also place jobs online or offline and view job details.
Objects Panel
Create New Job This displays the job definition window which includes a job number box, entry boxes for next date of execution and Interval, and a box for what to execute.
Alter Jobs This displays a job definition window for the selected job, which you can then alter.
Place Online This button is only enabled when the selected job is Offline. This places the selected job Online, available for transactions.
Place Offline This button is only enabled when the selected job is Online. This places the selected job Offline, unavailable for transactions.
Execute Job Immediately This executes the selected job.
Drop Job This drops the selected job.
62
Details Panel
The upper details panel shows various parameters for the selected job, such as LOG USER, NEXT DATE, and INTERVALS.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
63
Libraries
You can create, alter, or drop libraries. You can also view details.
Objects Panel
Create Library This displays the Library window where you can choose a schema from the schema dropdown list, enter the library name, and enter the file name.
Alter Library This displays the Alter Library window for the selected library.
Drop Library This drops the selected library.
Details Panel
The Details Panel lists the File Spec, Status, and Dynamic for the selected library.
64
Policies
You can create, enable, disable, edit and drop policies. You can also view policy details. Create Policies is discussed in the Create Policy section of the Create chapter.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
65
Objects Panel
Create New Policy Displays the Policy Definition window which has a textbox for the policy name. It also has dropdowns for the Schema, Table/View (with radio buttons where you choose Table or View), Schema Containing Predicate Package, and Predicate Function. Checkboxes let you check one or more of the following statement types: Select, Insert, Update, and Delete. A checkbox also lets you check whether or not you want to enable the policy at creation.
Enable Policy This button is only enabled if the selected policy is disabled. This enables the selected policy.
Disable Policy This button is only enabled if the selected policy is enabled. This disables the selected policy. Disabled policies will have a red X preceding them in the object list.
Refresh Policy This refreshes the selected policy.
Edit Policy Predicate Package Source This lets you edit the selected Policy's Predicate Package Source.
Drop Policy This drops the selected policy.
66
Details Panel
The details panel displays various parameters for the selected policy such as the Name, the Predicate Package, and the Predicate Function.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
67
Profiles
You can create, modify, and drop profiles. You can also view resource details.
Objects Panel
Create Scripts This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard.
Create New Profile This displays the Create Profile window which is discussed in the Create chapter of this guide.
Modify Profile This displays the Modify Profile window for the selected window, which has the same features as the Create Profile window.
Drop Profile This drops the selected Profile.
68
Details Panel
The details panel lists the resource names, resource types and limits.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
69
Roles
You can create, alter, and drop roles. You can also view roles and privileges details.
Objects Panel
The Objects Panel lists the roles.
Create Scripts This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard.
Create Role This invokes the Create Role window which is discussed in the Create chapter of this manual. Alter Role This invokes the Alter Role window for the selected role.
Drop Role This drops the selected role.
Details Panel
The Details Panel contains tabs for Roles details and Privileges details.
70
Rollback Segments
You can create, alter, and drop rollback segments. You can place rollback segments online or offline. You can also view details of the parameters of rollback segments.
Objects Panel
Create New Rollback Segment This displays the Rollback Segment window for you to create rollback segments. You enter the name, choose a tablespace from the dropdown, check or uncheck public, and enter extents (or choose the defaults). Notice the extents can be in kilobytes or megabytes from the dropdown menu. Alter Rollback Segment This displays an Alter Rollback Segment window for the selected rollback segment.
Place Online This button is only enabled if the rollback segment is offline. This places the selected rollback segment online and makes it available for transactions. The info tab for the segment (in the details panel) will list the status value as ONLINE.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
71
Place Offline This button is only enabled if the rollback segment is online. This places the selected rollback segment offline and makes it unavailable for transactions. The info tab for the segment (in the details panel) will list the status value as OFFLINE. Offline segments will have a red X icon displayed to the left of them in the segments list (on the left panel).
Drop Rollback Segment This drops the selected Rollback Segment. A confirmation window will ask you if you are sure you want to drop the selected segment. Click YES to drop the segment.
72
Details Panel
The Details Panel has Info and Stats tabs that list parameters and their values
The Info Tab on the Details Panel
The Stats Tab on the Details Panel
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
73
Snapshots
You can create, alter, refresh, and drop snapshots. You can also view details. Snapshot are discussed in detail in the Snapshots/M-Views section of the Create Menu chapter of this guide.
Objects Panel
Create New Snapshot Displays the Snapshot window where you can create a new snapshot. See the Create Snapshot/M-View topic for more information.
Alter Snapshot This lets you alter the selected snapshot.
Refresh Snapshot Refreshes and re-executes the snapshot view.
Drop Snapshot This drops the selected snapshot.
74
Details Panel
The details panel contains tabs for Info, Snapshot Query, and Script.
Info tab This lists the various parameters and values for the selected snapshot, such as the Generated Table, the Snapshot View, and whether or not the snapshot is updateable.
Snapshot Query tab This generates the SQL query for the selected snapshot.
Script tab This displays the SQL script for the selected snapshot.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
75
Tablespaces
You can create, alter, and drop tablespaces. You can place tablespaces online or offline. You can also view details of tablespaces.
Objects Panel
Create New Tablespace This brings up the Tablespace window that lets you create a new tablespace.
Alter Tablespace This displays the alter tablespace window for the selected tablespace.
Place Online This button is only enabled if the selected tablespace is offline. This lets you place the selected tablespace online.
Place Offline This button is only enabled if the selected tablespace is online. This lets you place the selected tablespace offline, unavailable for transactions.
Drop Tablespace This drops the selected tablespace.
76
Details Panel
The details panel has tabs for Datafiles, Free Space, Fragmentation, Objects, Quotas, and Extents.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
77
Users
You can create, modify, and drop users. You can also create and copy the SQL script to the clipboard. You can view details for roles and privileges.
Create Script This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard. Create New User This invokes the Create User window. Modify User This invokes the Modify User window for the selected user.
Copy This User This invokes the New User Info window where you choose the user name for the copy and the password.
Drop User This drops the selected user.
78
Details Panel
The details panel contains tabs for Info, Roles, and Privileges. The Roles and Privileges tabs contain Revoke and Revoke all buttons which Revokes the selected Role or Privilege (Revoke) or revokes all the Roles or Privileges (Revoke all).
Revoke
Revoke all
View Menu
This chapter discusses the View menu items that have added functionality in the DBA Module. The View > Options menu has the additional category TOAD Monitor which is discussed in the DBA chapter in the TOAD Monitor section. View > Options also contains an Executables page where you can enter the paths of SQL*Plus, SQL*Loader, Import, Export, TNS Ping, and Ping Executables.
80
Orainit Parameters
You access this window through the View > Oracle Parameters menu item. The DBA Module lets you modify or edit the System Modifiable and Session Modifiable options. If the option is modifiable (as indicated by a YES) the Edit button will let you edit the setting. Double-clicking on modifiable options also lets you change the setting.
Chapter 5
View Menu
81
NLS Parameters
You access this window through the View > NLS Parameters menu item.
This window is used to view the Session, Instance, and Database parameter settings and to change Session and/or Instance parameters. The window includes tabs for Session, Instance, and Database. To change a NLS (National Language Support) setting, double-click on a parameter and enter the new setting in the popup window OR single-click on the parameter line, click the Edit button, then enter the new setting in the popup window. If a parameter cannot be edited, the edit button will be disabled. Notice that changing a value in one cell can cause a change in other cells. For example, if you change the NLS_TERRITORY from America to Japan, notice the NLS_CURRENCY symbol changes from the dollar to the yen.
INDEX
B BFILEs C Chained Rows Cluster Compare Schemas Comparison Results Window Control File D Data Block DBMS_RLS Directory Directory Object E Export Utility Wizard Extent Initial Extract from Schema Extract from Schema Definition File G Generate Schema Script H Help I Identify Space Deficits Import Utility Wizard 33 42 8 55 34 16, 26 16 55 55 32 12 10, 60 10 32 19 56 57 50 10
J Job L Library N National Language Support See NLS Parameters NLS Parameters 81 NT Job Scheduler 54 O Optimal Size Oracle Parameters P Partitions Policy Profile Q Quest Software Contact Information R Repair Chained Rows Role Rollback Segment S Schema Browser Snapshot/M-View SQL*Loader Interface 59 18, 73 50 32 15, 69 16, 70 2 24 12, 64 13, 67 17 80 11, 63 61
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
83
T Tablespace TOAD DBA Module TOAD Getting Started Guide 25, 75 7 8
TOAD User's Guide U User
8 77
USER'S GUIDE
This guide contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. The information in this guide is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Quest Software. The software described in this guide is furnished under a license or nondisclosure agreement. This software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of this agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use without the written permission of Quest Software, Inc.
© 2000 Quest Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Quest™ is a trademark of Quest Software, Inc. TOAD® is a registered trademark of Quest Software, Inc. Quest Software, Inc. 8001 Irvine Center Drive Irvine, CA 92618 USA Tel. 949-754-8000 / Fax 949-754-8999
[email protected] [email protected] www.quest.com
TOAD® is a registered trademark of Quest Software, Inc. Other trademarks and registered trademarks used in this guide are the property of their respective owners.
Contents
C O N T E N T S
TOAD DBA Module User’s Guide
1 2 INTRODUCTION CREATE MENU DIRECTORY LIBRARY POLICY PROFILE ROLE ROLLBACK SEGMENT SNAPSHOT/M-VIEW TABLESPACE 3 DBA MENU 27 28 32 33 34 42 50 55 56 59 60 61 63 64 67 69 70 73 75 77 80 TOAD MONITOR REPAIR CHAINED ROWS IDENTIFY SPACE DEFICITS EXPORT UTILITY WIZARD IMPORT UTILITY WIZARD SQL*LOADER INTERFACE GENERATE SCHEMA SCRIPT COMPARE SCHEMAS 4 SCHEMA BROWSER DBA FUNCTIONS DIRECTORIES JOBS LIBRARIES POLICIES PROFILES ROLES ROLLBACK SEGMENTS SNAPSHOTS TABLESPACES USERS 5 VIEW MENU 79 ORAINIT PARAMETERS 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 25
6
TOAD
User’s Guide
NLS PARAMETERS
81
Introduction
TOAD DBA This manual covers the optional TOAD DBA Module. TOAD DBA adds database administration functionality for common database management tasks throughout base TOAD. NOTE: A few DBA Options are on the View > Options > DBA page and are discussed in the TOAD Monitor, Export Utility Wizard, Import Utility Wizard, and SQL*Loader Interface chapters. Use TOAD DBA to Manage Disk Space Create or Modify User Accounts Create or Schedule Batch Jobs Compare Schemas Implement Database Security Run DBA Reports
This guide is for users who have the optional TOAD DBA Module. The guide covers the following features: DBA Options Create Menu DBA features DBA Menu Schema Browser DBA functions
8
Note that this TOAD DBA Module Guide was prepared in December 2000. New or changed TOAD features (including TOAD DBA features) since December 2000 are not reflected in this version of the TOAD DBA Module User's Guide. For details on base TOAD, including navigation and main windows, refer to the TOAD User's Guide. For details on installing and uninstalling TOAD, refer to the TOAD Getting Started Guide.
Remember, you can always access TOAD Help while in TOAD by pressing the F1 Key.
Create Menu
The DBA Module adds the following menu items to the Create Menu: Directory, Library, Policy, Profile, Role, Rollback Segment, Snapshot/M-View, and Tablespace.
10
Directory
You get to this window from the Create > Directory menu item or from the Schema Browser > Directory page > Create Directory button.
This window is used to create a new directory object. A directory object is an alias to a directory on the server's file system where external binary large objects (BFILEs) are stored. You enter the Name and Path. A drilldown button opens a Browse for folder window where you can select a directory and click OK and the selected path is automatically entered in the Path textbox. The Show SQL button opens a SQL statement window where your Create Directory SQL statement is displayed. The Clipboard button on the window copies the statement to the clipboard. The Save to File button opens the Save As dialog where you can choose a path and enter a file name.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
11
Library
You get to this window from the Create > Library menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Libraries page > Create new Library button.
This window lets you create a new library object. A library object is an alias to an operating system shared library (like a .DLL) that can be used in SQL or PL/SQL to allow calls to external functions. Choose a Schema from the dropdown. This will be the schema that owns the library. Textboxes let you enter the library Name (alias name for the library) and File Name. The Show SQL button displays the SQL Statement window where the Create Library statement is displayed and can be copied via the Clipboard button or saved via the Save to File button.
12
Policy
You get to this window from the Create > Policy menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Policies page > Create new policy toolbar button This window lets you create a new policy through the DBMS_RLS package. If you do not have DBMS_RLS you cannot use this function in TOAD. Refer to the Oracle documentation for more information. A textbox lets you enter the Policy Name. A dropdown lets you select the Schema from which you will select the table or view. Radio buttons let you choose either Tables or Views. A dropdown lets you select the Table (if the radio button selection is Tables) or View (if the radio button selection is Views). Additional dropdowns let you select the Schema containing the predicate package, Predicate Package, and Predicate Function. Checkboxes let you select the statement type(s): Select, Insert, Update, Delete. Another checkbox allows you to Enable the Policy at Creation. The Execute button Creates the Policy.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
13
Profile
You get to this window from the Create > Profile menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Profiles page > Create New Profile button. This window lets you create a new profile. A profile is a set of limits on database resources. If you assign the profile to a user, that user cannot exceed those limits.
14
The Resource Parameters and Password Parameters tabs contain dropdowns where you can select Default or Unlimited for numerous parameter items. The Show SQL button opens the QParserBrowser window which displays SQL Strings, SQL Text, Clause Text, and Values.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
15
Role
You get to this window from the Create > Role menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Roles page > Create new Role button.
Name Type in the Name of the Role.
Identification radio buttons Select the desired identification method Not Identified By Password (type in the password in the password textbox) Externally Globally
16
Rollback Segment
You get to this window from the Create > Rollback Segment menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Rollback Segments page > Create new Rollback Segment button.
This window lets you create a new rollback segment. A rollback segment is an object that Oracle uses to store data necessary to reverse (undo) changes made by non-completed transactions. You enter the Name in the textbox and choose the Tablespace where you want the rollback segment created from the dropdown. Check the Public checkbox if you want the Rollback Segment to be public (available to any instance). The default is unchecked. There are dropdowns for Extents and Size. Initial Extent specifies the size of the object's first extent. Next Extent specifies the size of the next extent allocated to the object. Min Extents specifies the total number of extents to allocate when the object is created.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
17
Max Extents specifies the maximum number of extents that can be allocated. Optimal Size specifies an optimal size for the rollback segment. The Show SQL button displays the SQL Statement window which displays the create statement for your new rollback segment. The Clipboard button lets you copy the statement to the clipboard. The Save to File button lets you save the statement.
18
Snapshot/M-View
You get to this window from the Create > Snapshot/M-View menu item or from the Schema Browser window > Snapshots page > Create New Snapshot button.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
19
The Snapshot/MView window lets you create, update, or modify a snapshot (also referred to as a materialized view). A snapshot is basically a partial (subset) or complete copy of a table. You can set your TOAD snapshots to be read-only or updateable (which allows users to insert, modify, or delete rows). Snapshots can be stored in the same database as the master table or in a different database. Snapshots provide an easy way to copy a table, for example from corporate to remote offices, so that everyone can have access to the data without having to access information across a network. So, network traffic is minimized and system performance is maximized. Snapshots can also be used to offload information. The dropdown button lets you choose your Schema for the new snapshot. Name lets you enter the name for the new snapshot. The Show SQL button opens the SQL Statement window which shows the corresponding Create SQL statement. You can copy the statement to the clipboard via the Clipboard button or save it via the Save to File button. The window has 4 tabs: Snapshot Info, Physical Attributes, Snapshot SubQuery, and Partitions.
Snapshot Info tab
Cluster checkbox If checked, TOAD will create the snapshot as part of the cluster specified.
Cluster textbox This is where you enter the name of the cluster.
Cluster List box This displays the cluster columns. You can modify this list with the Add, Edit, and Delete buttons.
20
Tablespace dropdown Select the tablespace in which you want your snapshot to be created.
Logging checkbox If checked, TOAD will log the creation of the snapshot, partition, or LOB storage characteristics in the redo log file.
Cache checkbox If checked, then data blocks will be placed in the buffer cache when a table scan is performed.
Parallel checkbox If checked, the snapshot will be parallelized.
Parallel Number box If the Parallel checkbox is checked, this input box is enabled. You enter the degree of parallelism (the number of threads used) or you can use the up down arrows to scroll through the numbers.
Using Index checkbox If checked, TOAD lets you specify parameters for the snapshot indexes. If this option is checked, the drilldown button is enabled. The drilldown button invokes the Physical Attributes window.
Allow Updates checkbox If checked, you can update the snapshot (read-write). If unchecked, the snapshot is read-only.
Enable Query Rewrite checkbox If checked, the snapshot is enabled for query rewrite.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
21
Build checkbox If checked, you can specify when to populate the snapshot. If checked, the radio buttons are enabled. You can choose to build Immediate or build Deferred. Immediate will populate the snapshot immediately. Deferred populates the snapshot during the next refresh.
On Prebuilt Table checkbox If checked, the table will be registered to the preinitialized snapshot. The table and snapshot must have the same name. If checked, the radio buttons are enabled. If you select Without Reduced Precision, the precision of the table or snapshot columns must match exactly with the precision of the subquery results. If you select With Reduced Precision, the precision of the table or snapshot view columns do not have to exactly match the subquery results.
Refresh checkbox If checked, you can customize how Oracle will automatically refresh the snapshot. If checked, the refresh options are enabled.
Never Refresh checkbox If checked, the snapshot will not automatically refresh.
Refresh Options Refresh Mode dropdown Fast, Complete, Force Fast - only updates data in the snapshot log associated with master/detail table Complete – re-executes the snapshot view Force - If fast refresh is possible then it performs a fast refresh, otherwise it performs a complete refresh
22
On Demand checkbox This is mutually exclusive to the On Commit checkbox. If checked, snapshots will be refreshed on demand.
On Commit checkbox This is mutually exclusive to the On Demand checkbox. If checked, snapshots will refresh automatically during the next commit.
Date
Start With This is mutually exclusive to the Next checkbox. If checked, you can use the dropdown to pull up a calendar where you select a date for the first automatic refresh time.
Next This is mutually exclusive to the Start With checkbox. If checked, you can use the dropdown to pull up a calendar where you select a date to calculate intervals between auto refreshes.
With
Primary Key radio button If selected, a primary key snapshot will be created.
Rowid radio button If selected, a rowid snapshot will be created.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
23
Rollback Segment checkbox This lets you specify the rollback segment to use. If checked, it enables the Master and Local radio buttons.
Master radio button If the Rollback Master option is selected, the remote rollback segment will be used at the remote master for the snapshot.
Local radio button If the Rollback Local option is selected, the remote rollback segment will be used for the snapshot that is in the local refresh group.
Default Segment checkbox If checked, the snapshot will use the default rollback segment. If unchecked, the Rollback Segment textbox is enabled.
Rollback Segment textbox This is enabled if the Default Segment checkbox is unchecked. You type in the rollback segment that will be used.
Physical Attributes tab The physical attributes tab contains dropdowns and value boxes that let you define physical options such as percent free, storage extents, and buffer pool.
Snapshot/MView Subquery tab This lets you enter the subquery that is to be used to generate the snapshot.
24
Partitions tab In order for this tab to be enabled you must enter a valid subquery into the snapshot subquery tab. You select columns from the Available Columns list to determine which columns the partition will be based upon. Double-click on the column name or (Click on the column and Click the single right arrow) to move the selected columns into the Partitions Columns list.
Add a Partition Once you select columns for the partitions to be based upon, you can then add a partition. For range partitions, you do this by clicking the Add button. The Add Partition dialog displays, and you can provide a partition name. You must enter the upper range for each column within the partition, or select Maxvalue from the dropdown list on that dialog. (NOTE: String value upperbounds must be enclosed in single quotes within the grid, e.g. for a Last Name column with a datatype of varchar2, an upper bound could be 'Smith'. The single quotes must be entered into the grid.) To add a hash partition, select the tablespaces to use for the hash partition. You can also alter snapshots through the Schema Browser window > Snapshots page > Alter button.
Chapter 2
Create Menu
25
Tablespace
You get to this window from the Create > Tablespace menu item or from the Schema Browser window, Tablespaces page, Create New Tablespace button.
26
Textboxes let you enter names. Dropdowns let you specify extents. Radio buttons let you specify Temporary or Permanent objects. With Extent Management checked you can choose Dictionary, if you want the tablespaces to use the SQL dictionary tables to track space usage. If you choose Local, then bit maps will track space usage.
DBA Menu
All the items in the DBA Menu are part of the TOAD DBA Module. The DBA Menu items are: TOAD Monitor, Repair Chained Rows, Identify Space Deficits, Export Utility Wizard, SQL*Loader Interface, Generate Schema Script, and Compare Schemas.
28
TOAD Monitor
You get to this window from the DBA > TOAD Monitor menu item.
TOAD Monitor lets you monitor database performance with six charts: Logical IO, Physical IO, Event Waits, Sessions, Call Rates, and Miss Rates. TOAD Monitor must be launched in order to work. You can launch it manually, or you can set Monitor to launch automatically by checking the Open a monitor window for each connection checkbox on the View > Options > DBA page.
TNS Ping checkbox If checked, TOAD will ping the Oracle server (using TNS ping) before it runs the query.
Ping checkbox If checked, TOAD will perform a TCP/IP ping to the Oracle server before it runs the query.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
29
Right–click on a graph to access a right-click menu that contains the menu items Zoom (displays the enlarged graph in its own window) and Print.
You can set up numerous thresholds and alerts in the View > Options > Monitor page
Each item in the series list corresponds to one line on the graph. You can enter the minimum and maximum threshold values. Checkboxes let you Enable alerts and Use Tray Icon. If Enable alerts is checked, TOAD alerts you when a threshold has been exceeded. Use Tray Icon will display a blinking TOAD icon in your system tray if you have an alert and you have enabled alerts. The TOAD Monitor window must be open for alerts to be enabled. (In Windows NT you can click on the blinking TOAD and the TOAD Monitor window will display in the foreground). You can also have alerts emailed to you.
30
The Email button invokes the Email Alerts window which is where you set up the sender and receiver information.
You should consult your email administrator to determine the proper settings.
From box Enter your email address. This is where you wish to receive email alerts.
To, Cc, Bcc boxes Enter the recipients’ email addresses.
Subject This is the subject of the email. The default entry is TOAD Monitor Alert, but you can edit this if you wish.
The body of the email will contain the alert message.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
31
NOTE: The SMTP Server must be specified and may not be the same as the exchange server. Port This is the port number on the machine where the SMTP server is listening. The default is 25.
If you click the Alerts button a history of alerts will display. Alerts are stored in memory until you close TOAD Monitor.
32
Repair Chained Rows
You get to this window from the DBA > Repair Chained Rows menu item. This window shows tables that have chained rows. When data for a row in a table cannot fit into a single data block, it is stored in a chain of data blocks (more than one data block). The original row of data points to the new block or blocks of data. A result of chained rows is that Oracle must scan more than one block of data to retrieve information.
Analyze tab Click the ADD button to bring up a Select Tables to Analyze menu where you can select the schema (from a dropdown list) and table(s) from a list of tables in the schema to analyze. Click in the checkbox preceding the table(s) to select or unselect the table(s). Select All and Select None buttons help with quick selection.
Data tab This displays the schema, table name, and the number of rows chained in the table.
Repair tab This creates an intermediate table, copies chained rows to it, deletes the chained rows from the existing table(s), and then copies the rows back into the existing table(s). You might need to increase the existing table(s)' data block size to completely eliminate chaining completely. After selecting your table(s) you name your intermediate table. You can also select a rollback segment from the dropdown.
Results tab The Results tab lists the tables that were not repaired and the reasons.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
33
Identify Space Deficits
You get to this window from the DBA > Identify Space Deficits menu item. This displays tables that do not have enough free disk space to allocate their next extent. The Alter Tablespace button invokes the Alter Tablespace window for the selected tablespace which you can then modify.
34
Export Utility Wizard
You get to this window from the DBA > Export Utility Wizard menu item
Use this window to export a schema script using Virtual DBA routines. NOTE: You can set Export to execute in either the Foreground or Background through the View > Options > DBA page. This is a wizard that lets you easily transfer data objects between Oracle databases. In the first step radio buttons let you choose what you want to export. The choices are: Tables - exports selected tables and all dependent objects Users - exports all objects from the users that you select Database - exports an entire database
After you make your selection click the Next button.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
35
Tables
If you select tables from the first wizard window and click the Next button, the next window to display will be a table selection window. The top dropdown lets you select the Schema. Tables from that schema will then display in the left panel from which you can select which table(s) you want to export. Your selections will display in the Selected Tables List (right panel). Select the table or tables by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
36
The next window contains checkboxes for selecting or deselecting additional parameters for your export file.
Parameters checkboxes Compress If checked, export will flag table data for consolidation into one initial extent upon export.
Export Table Rows If checked, the rows of table data will be exported.
Direct Path If checked, TOAD will use a direct path instead of a conventional path for export.
Record If checked, records incremental or cumulative export in SYS tables INCEXP, INCFIL, and INCVID.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
37
Indexes If checked, indexes will be included in the export.
Constraints If checked, constraints will be included in the export.
Grants If checked, object grants will be included in the export.
Consistent If checked, TOAD will ensure that data does not change during the execution of the export.
Buffer entry box This is where you specify the size in bytes that the buffer uses to fetch rows. (0=1 row at a time)
Record Length entry box This is where you specify the file record length, in bytes.
Statistics dropdown You can choose Estimate, Compute, or None.
Provide a feedback dot... box Here you specify how many rows you want exported before a feedback dot is displayed.
Select the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
38
The next window is where you enter the filenames. Drilldown buttons let you search through your files.
Output File name box You can enter a name for your export file.
Log File name box Enter the name of your log file. This is the file that will receive informational and error messages.
Parameter Filename box Enter the parameter filename. This is the file that contains a list of export parameters.
Click the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
39
The next window is where you select your export action from a radio button list of actions. The choices are: Execute Now Schedule to run later Simply close after building the parameter file
40
Users
If you select the Users export radio button in the first wizard window then your next window will be a users selection window. Available Users will display in the left panel. Select the User(s) you want to export (which will move to the Selected Users list) by double-clicking or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. Select the user or users by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window. The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Database Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
41
Database If you choose Database, the following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
42
Import Utility Wizard
You get to this window from the DBA > Import Utility Wizard menu item.
This is a wizard that lets you easily transfer data objects between Oracle databases. Note: You can set Import to execute in either the Foreground or Background through the View > Options > DBA page. In the first step radio buttons let you choose what you want to import. The choices are: Tables – imports tables and their associated objects Users – imports schemas Database – imports the entire export file
After you make your selection click the Next button.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
43
44
Tables
If you select tables from the first wizard window and click the Next button, the next window to display will be a table selection window. A checkbox lets you Show only users who own objects. The top dropdown lets you select the Schema. Tables from that schema will then display in the left panel from which you can select which table(s) you want to import. Your selections will display in the Selected Tables List (right panel). Select the table or tables by double-clicking, or single-click and click the appropriate single arrow. Double arrows move the entire list from one panel to another. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
45
In the next window, checkboxes let you select which objects to import. You can check multiple boxes. The checkboxes are Grants, Indexes, Table rows, and Constraints (enabled for Oracle 8.1 or later).
Record length box You can specify the length of the file record, or leave it blank which will default to use the platform’s BUFSIZ value.
You can also select additional options including:
Buffer size box Specify the size in bytes that the buffer uses to fetch rows. (0=1 row at a time)
Provide a feedback dot... box Specify how many rows you want imported before a feedback dot is displayed.
Select the Next button to advance to the next window in the wizard.
46
The next window is where you enter the filenames. Drilldown buttons let you search through your files.
Export file name box Enter a name for your export file.
Log File name box Enter the name of your log file.
Index File name box Enter the name of your index file.
Parameter Filename box Enter the parameter filename. This file contains a list of import parameters.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
47
The next window is where you select your export action from a radio button list of actions. The choices are: Import Now Schedule to run later Just build the parameter file
After you make your selection, click Finish.
48
Users
If you select the Users import radio button in the first wizard window then your next window will be a users selection window.
A checkbox lets you Show only users who own objects. Select the users you are importing from and to from the From and To dropdowns. You can remove users from the selection list by clicking on the name and clicking the Remove button. After your selections are complete, click Next to advance to the next window.
The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
49
Database
If you select the Database radio button the next window contains radio buttons for you to select a schema. You can also select the type of incremental export. Note that you can choose not to have an incremental export. Click Next to continue.
The following windows are the same as the last 3 windows in the Tables Option where you select your parameters, specify file names, and choose your export action.
50
SQL*Loader Interface
For more information on the SQL*Loader Interface, including step-by-step examples, see the Overview of the TOAD SQL*Loader Interface, a PDF document that is included in your TOAD DBA installation.
You get to this window from the DBA > SQL*Loader Interface menu item. NOTE: If you have difficulty running SQL*Loader, make sure that you have the correct version installed. You can do this by running the executable with no parameters in a command prompt window. Note that the executable on the server can only be run from the server.
The TOAD SQL*Loader Interface is a utility that lets you graphically build a control file for use with the SQL*Loader, a database server application. It can also run SQL*Loader in either the foreground or the background. (The Foreground Background radio button options are on the View > Options > DBA page.) It can schedule the SQL*Loader execution as a Windows Job for later execution. Source Files tab This is where you enter the list of the data files that you want to load into one or more tables. You must have at least one input file.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
51
Input File This is the data file which can be in stream, fixed, or variable format. The default format is stream.
Bad File This file will contain rejected records. It’s named the same as the input file by default, with a .BAD extension.
Discard File This contains the records that were not inserted during the load, because they did not match any of the selection criteria.
Add button Click Add to add your data file. The Add input file dialog will display.
Click the drilldown next to the Input file name entry box to choose the data file. The Bad file and Discard file textboxes are automatically entered with their default extensions.
52
Record Format radio buttons
Stream Format This is the default. Lines are read until an end-of-record marker is found (end-of-line character, by default).
Fixed Record Format Each record must be a fixed number of bytes in length.
Variable Record Format Each record may be a different length, as specified by a special field – the first field in each record. (You must specify the length of this field.)
end of record box If you leave this field empty the end-of-line character will be the end-of-record by default.
Discard up to _____ records box This field indicates the maximum number of records to put into the discard file. If you leave this box empty, it indicates that you want all records.
Once you have entered all the data click OK.
You can select many different input files if desired, but they must all have the same record layout. (They could have a different record format.)
Destination Tables tab This is where you select the destination table(s). Click the Add button and the Table Name Select window will display.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
53
Double-click on a table or click on a table and click OK to select a table from the list. The Tables Parameters tab and the Columns Parameters tabs let you enter the parameters for your destination table(s).
Parameters tab You can name the control file whatever you wish, including the extension. The Parameters tab also contains numerous options. You can always move your mouse over a field to display microhelp information.
Preview Control File tab This displays a preview of the contents of the control file. Simply click on this tab at any time to preview your control file.
Save button Click Save at any time to save the control file. The control file is also automatically saved whenever you click Execute Now.
Execute Now button This executes your control file and displays the SQL*Loader Status window.
SQL*Loader Status window This window contains a Messages tab and a Log File tab.
Messages tab If any errors occurred when running the loader, they are displayed in the messages tab. This tab also contains version information about the SQL*Loader and the time it was executed.
Log File tab This displays detailed information about what occurred during execution.
54
NT Job Scheduler The SQL*Loader has a scheduler which lets you schedule the load as a windows task. Clicking the Schedule button opens the NT Job Scheduler window. It lets you set the time for it to run and the frequency. Once you click OK your job is added. In Windows Explorer, if you then click on the Scheduled Tasks folder you’ll see your job and its schedule information.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
55
Generate Schema Script
You get to this window from the DBA > Generate Schema Script menu item. This window takes the current schema and builds DDL for all objects you select. This is useful, for example, if your database crashes because you'll have a script to recreate all your objects.
If you choose the radio button Extract from Schema, it produces a schema script. If you choose the radio button to Extract from Schema Definition File it produces a .def file. You can check or uncheck the desired Objects and Options checkboxes.
56
Compare Schemas
You get to this window from the DBA > Compare Schemas menu item. This window lets you compare two schemas and tells you what has changed from the original reference source to the comparison source.
Schemas tab Select the Reference Source and the Comparison Source. Radio buttons let you choose either Schema or a Definition File. If you choose Schema you choose the Connection and the Schema.
Options tab Checkboxes let you select options and what object types will be compared.
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
57
Results are automatically displayed in the Comparison Results window.
Comparison Results window
Hierarchy tab A Venn diagram symbol on the left of each numbered item indicates if it's new or has been deleted. The list details the new and deleted items.
Detailed Migration Report tab This lists the code for the new and deleted items.
Statistics tab This shows comparison totals for different elements such as the total deletions for grants.
Schema Browser DBA functions
This chapter discusses the new Schema Browser DBA pages and functions.
60
Directories
You can create a new directory or alter an existing directory.
Objects Panel
Create a New Directory This displays the Directory window. Type in the Name in the Name box. The Path box lets you type in the path, or you can click the drill down button and browse through your directory folders until you find your destination, click OK, and the target path will display in the Path textbox. You can also create a new directory through the Create > Directory menu item which will invoke the Directory window.
Alter Directory This lets you Alter the selected directory.
Drop Directory This lets you drop the selected directory.
Details Panel
The Details panel shows the directory path.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
61
Jobs
You can create, alter, execute, and drop jobs. You can also place jobs online or offline and view job details.
Objects Panel
Create New Job This displays the job definition window which includes a job number box, entry boxes for next date of execution and Interval, and a box for what to execute.
Alter Jobs This displays a job definition window for the selected job, which you can then alter.
Place Online This button is only enabled when the selected job is Offline. This places the selected job Online, available for transactions.
Place Offline This button is only enabled when the selected job is Online. This places the selected job Offline, unavailable for transactions.
Execute Job Immediately This executes the selected job.
Drop Job This drops the selected job.
62
Details Panel
The upper details panel shows various parameters for the selected job, such as LOG USER, NEXT DATE, and INTERVALS.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
63
Libraries
You can create, alter, or drop libraries. You can also view details.
Objects Panel
Create Library This displays the Library window where you can choose a schema from the schema dropdown list, enter the library name, and enter the file name.
Alter Library This displays the Alter Library window for the selected library.
Drop Library This drops the selected library.
Details Panel
The Details Panel lists the File Spec, Status, and Dynamic for the selected library.
64
Policies
You can create, enable, disable, edit and drop policies. You can also view policy details. Create Policies is discussed in the Create Policy section of the Create chapter.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
65
Objects Panel
Create New Policy Displays the Policy Definition window which has a textbox for the policy name. It also has dropdowns for the Schema, Table/View (with radio buttons where you choose Table or View), Schema Containing Predicate Package, and Predicate Function. Checkboxes let you check one or more of the following statement types: Select, Insert, Update, and Delete. A checkbox also lets you check whether or not you want to enable the policy at creation.
Enable Policy This button is only enabled if the selected policy is disabled. This enables the selected policy.
Disable Policy This button is only enabled if the selected policy is enabled. This disables the selected policy. Disabled policies will have a red X preceding them in the object list.
Refresh Policy This refreshes the selected policy.
Edit Policy Predicate Package Source This lets you edit the selected Policy's Predicate Package Source.
Drop Policy This drops the selected policy.
66
Details Panel
The details panel displays various parameters for the selected policy such as the Name, the Predicate Package, and the Predicate Function.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
67
Profiles
You can create, modify, and drop profiles. You can also view resource details.
Objects Panel
Create Scripts This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard.
Create New Profile This displays the Create Profile window which is discussed in the Create chapter of this guide.
Modify Profile This displays the Modify Profile window for the selected window, which has the same features as the Create Profile window.
Drop Profile This drops the selected Profile.
68
Details Panel
The details panel lists the resource names, resource types and limits.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
69
Roles
You can create, alter, and drop roles. You can also view roles and privileges details.
Objects Panel
The Objects Panel lists the roles.
Create Scripts This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard.
Create Role This invokes the Create Role window which is discussed in the Create chapter of this manual. Alter Role This invokes the Alter Role window for the selected role.
Drop Role This drops the selected role.
Details Panel
The Details Panel contains tabs for Roles details and Privileges details.
70
Rollback Segments
You can create, alter, and drop rollback segments. You can place rollback segments online or offline. You can also view details of the parameters of rollback segments.
Objects Panel
Create New Rollback Segment This displays the Rollback Segment window for you to create rollback segments. You enter the name, choose a tablespace from the dropdown, check or uncheck public, and enter extents (or choose the defaults). Notice the extents can be in kilobytes or megabytes from the dropdown menu. Alter Rollback Segment This displays an Alter Rollback Segment window for the selected rollback segment.
Place Online This button is only enabled if the rollback segment is offline. This places the selected rollback segment online and makes it available for transactions. The info tab for the segment (in the details panel) will list the status value as ONLINE.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
71
Place Offline This button is only enabled if the rollback segment is online. This places the selected rollback segment offline and makes it unavailable for transactions. The info tab for the segment (in the details panel) will list the status value as OFFLINE. Offline segments will have a red X icon displayed to the left of them in the segments list (on the left panel).
Drop Rollback Segment This drops the selected Rollback Segment. A confirmation window will ask you if you are sure you want to drop the selected segment. Click YES to drop the segment.
72
Details Panel
The Details Panel has Info and Stats tabs that list parameters and their values
The Info Tab on the Details Panel
The Stats Tab on the Details Panel
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
73
Snapshots
You can create, alter, refresh, and drop snapshots. You can also view details. Snapshot are discussed in detail in the Snapshots/M-Views section of the Create Menu chapter of this guide.
Objects Panel
Create New Snapshot Displays the Snapshot window where you can create a new snapshot. See the Create Snapshot/M-View topic for more information.
Alter Snapshot This lets you alter the selected snapshot.
Refresh Snapshot Refreshes and re-executes the snapshot view.
Drop Snapshot This drops the selected snapshot.
74
Details Panel
The details panel contains tabs for Info, Snapshot Query, and Script.
Info tab This lists the various parameters and values for the selected snapshot, such as the Generated Table, the Snapshot View, and whether or not the snapshot is updateable.
Snapshot Query tab This generates the SQL query for the selected snapshot.
Script tab This displays the SQL script for the selected snapshot.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
75
Tablespaces
You can create, alter, and drop tablespaces. You can place tablespaces online or offline. You can also view details of tablespaces.
Objects Panel
Create New Tablespace This brings up the Tablespace window that lets you create a new tablespace.
Alter Tablespace This displays the alter tablespace window for the selected tablespace.
Place Online This button is only enabled if the selected tablespace is offline. This lets you place the selected tablespace online.
Place Offline This button is only enabled if the selected tablespace is online. This lets you place the selected tablespace offline, unavailable for transactions.
Drop Tablespace This drops the selected tablespace.
76
Details Panel
The details panel has tabs for Datafiles, Free Space, Fragmentation, Objects, Quotas, and Extents.
Chapter 4
Schema Browser DBA Functions
77
Users
You can create, modify, and drop users. You can also create and copy the SQL script to the clipboard. You can view details for roles and privileges.
Create Script This creates and copies the SQL script to the clipboard. Create New User This invokes the Create User window. Modify User This invokes the Modify User window for the selected user.
Copy This User This invokes the New User Info window where you choose the user name for the copy and the password.
Drop User This drops the selected user.
78
Details Panel
The details panel contains tabs for Info, Roles, and Privileges. The Roles and Privileges tabs contain Revoke and Revoke all buttons which Revokes the selected Role or Privilege (Revoke) or revokes all the Roles or Privileges (Revoke all).
Revoke
Revoke all
View Menu
This chapter discusses the View menu items that have added functionality in the DBA Module. The View > Options menu has the additional category TOAD Monitor which is discussed in the DBA chapter in the TOAD Monitor section. View > Options also contains an Executables page where you can enter the paths of SQL*Plus, SQL*Loader, Import, Export, TNS Ping, and Ping Executables.
80
Orainit Parameters
You access this window through the View > Oracle Parameters menu item. The DBA Module lets you modify or edit the System Modifiable and Session Modifiable options. If the option is modifiable (as indicated by a YES) the Edit button will let you edit the setting. Double-clicking on modifiable options also lets you change the setting.
Chapter 5
View Menu
81
NLS Parameters
You access this window through the View > NLS Parameters menu item.
This window is used to view the Session, Instance, and Database parameter settings and to change Session and/or Instance parameters. The window includes tabs for Session, Instance, and Database. To change a NLS (National Language Support) setting, double-click on a parameter and enter the new setting in the popup window OR single-click on the parameter line, click the Edit button, then enter the new setting in the popup window. If a parameter cannot be edited, the edit button will be disabled. Notice that changing a value in one cell can cause a change in other cells. For example, if you change the NLS_TERRITORY from America to Japan, notice the NLS_CURRENCY symbol changes from the dollar to the yen.
INDEX
B BFILEs C Chained Rows Cluster Compare Schemas Comparison Results Window Control File D Data Block DBMS_RLS Directory Directory Object E Export Utility Wizard Extent Initial Extract from Schema Extract from Schema Definition File G Generate Schema Script H Help I Identify Space Deficits Import Utility Wizard 33 42 8 55 34 16, 26 16 55 55 32 12 10, 60 10 32 19 56 57 50 10
J Job L Library N National Language Support See NLS Parameters NLS Parameters 81 NT Job Scheduler 54 O Optimal Size Oracle Parameters P Partitions Policy Profile Q Quest Software Contact Information R Repair Chained Rows Role Rollback Segment S Schema Browser Snapshot/M-View SQL*Loader Interface 59 18, 73 50 32 15, 69 16, 70 2 24 12, 64 13, 67 17 80 11, 63 61
Chapter 3
DBA Menu
83
T Tablespace TOAD DBA Module TOAD Getting Started Guide 25, 75 7 8
TOAD User's Guide U User
8 77
