Unix

 

UNIX

SREE NIPUNA SOFTW SOFTWARE ARE SOLUTIONS

 

Contents: 

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Introduction to UNIX

UNIX Architecture UNIX Command  The vi editor UNIX Shell Scripting

 

Introduction: 

Unix is a multitasking, multi-user computer operating sstem!

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Unix "as originall developed in #$%$ & a group o' AT(T emploees!

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Solaris Unix, AIX, )* Unix and +S are 'e" avors o' UNIX!

 

UNIX Architecture

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UNIX Architectur Architecture e UNIX Architecture consists o' t"o parts: •

•

Shell 5ernal

Shell: A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter! Kernal: A Unix kernel is a computer program that manages input6output input6ou tput re7uests 'rom so't"are and translates into data processing processing

them

instructions 'or the central processing processing

unit and other electronic components o' a computer!

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UNIX Commands touch ls cat cp mv rm chmod p"d 

"c sort uni7 cut grep head tail mkdir 

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rmdir cd "ho am i date d'  du 

9nd man 

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nohup ps kill 

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sed

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

 

ls command Sntax: ls •

<option

ls command list all the 9les and directories availa&le in current director director!!

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;

 

ls -l •

4ist all 9les and directories 'rom current director in long 'ormat!

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$

 

ls -a •

ispla all 9les including hidden 9les!

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ls -la •

Using multiple options at a time!

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##

 

touch Sntax: •

touch <!lena"e

touch command creates =ero &te 9les!

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cat Sntax: cat •

<!lena"e

cat command displas the content o' a 9le!

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cat Sntax: cat •

<!lena"e# <!lena"e$

cat command displas the content o' a 9le!

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cat Sntax: cat • •

•

  • • •

 <!lena"e

Creates a 9le "ith ne" 9le name n ame and open 'or editing! Use ctrl@d kes to exit edit mode 1pens an existing 9le in overriding overriding mode! Sntax:

cat  <!lena"e

Creates a 9le "ith ne" 9le name n ame and open 'or editing! Use ctrl@d kes to exit edit mode 1pens an existing 9le in appending mode!

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cp Sntax: •

cp <!lena"e <ne% !lena"e

cp command cop data 'rom one 9le to other!

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mv Sntax: "& •

•

<!lena"e <ne% !lena"e

mv command move data 'rom one 9le to other, old 9le exits! /ename a old 9le to ne" 9le!

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rm • •

Sntax: r" <option <!lena"e rm command comman d remove 9 9les les 'rom ' rom current director! director! /m command cant remove directories!

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"c •

Sntax: %c

<option "c command displas <!lena"e num&er o' ne" lines, "ords and Num&er o' &tes 'rom 9le!

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"c

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Cont!!

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"c

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"c Bl 9lenameD

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>>

 

sort •

Sntax: sort <!lena"e Sort command "ill sort the data in 9le &ased on 9rst column!

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uni7 uni' <!lena"e uni7 command remove the duplicates that are se7uent   present present in a 9le! Sntax:

•

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uni7

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uni7

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p"d Sntax: p%( •

p"d command c ommand displa current director! director!

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chmod chmod command changes the permissions   o' a 9le! •

1rder o' permissions in Unix: O%ner per"issions: Actions the o"ner o' the 9le can per'orm on the 9le! )roup per"issions: A mem&er o' the group that a 9le &elongs to, can per   on the 9le! Other per"issions: 3hat action all other users can per'orm on the 9le! *ermission Ealues: # - 0xecute > - 3rite . - /ead

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chmod   Sntax:

ch"o( <per"issions <!lena"e

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>;

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cut   Sntax: cut <option <!lena"e •

cut command to extract portion o' text 'rom a 9le & selecting columns!

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grep Sntax: *rep <pattern <!le na"e

grep command search 'or a pattern   in a 9le and print! •

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head   Sntax: hea( <option <!le na"e •

head command displas top #< lines o' 9le!

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tail   Sntax: tail <option <!le na"e •

tail command displas &ottom #< lines o' 9le!

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head ( tail   Sntax:

hea( <option <!le na"e+tail <option

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mkdir   Sntax: •

",(ir <(irector- na"e

mkdir command is used to create directories! directories!

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rmdir   Sntax: •

r"(ir <(irector- na"e

rmdir command is used to remove directories!

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cd   Sntax: •

c( <(irector- na"e

cd command is used to move to other directories! directories!

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du   Sntax: •

(u

du command gives disk usage details!

?

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du -h   Sntax:

(u .h

du Bh command gives disk usage details in   human understanda&le 'ormat! •

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d'    Sntax: •

(/ 

d' command gives space availa&ilit on disk!

?$

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d' -h   Sntax:

(/ .h

d' -h command gives space availa&ilit on disk in   human understanda&le language! •

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ps   Sntax:

ps

ps command gives all a ll processes details that are   currentl runni running! ng! •

.#

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ps -e'    Sntax:

ps .e/ 

ps Be' command gives all processes details that ar   currentl currentl running along "ith user name! •

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.?

 

kill   Sntax: •

,ill <option <process i(

kill command kills the process running "ith given i

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date   Sntax: •

(ate

date command displas current current date!

..

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sed   Sntax:

se( <operation !lena"e

sed stands 'or stream editor! sed command is used   to modi' data in 9les automaticall automa ticall!! •

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sed   Sntax:

se( <operation !lena"e

.%

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.

 

sed   Sntax: •

  •

 

se( <operation !lena"e

se( 0s1In/or"atica1In/or"atica2 0s1In/or"atica1In/or"atica21$0 1$0 !le3t4t Replaces the secon( occurrence o/ the %or(3 se( 0s1In/or"atica1In/or"atica2 0s1In/or"atica1In/or"atica21*0 1*0 !le3t4t

Replace all the occurrence o/ the pattern in a l

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.;

 

nohup   Sntax: •

nohup <options 5

nohup stands 'or no hang up! nohup is used to run the process even a'ter logout 'rom a shell!

•

F nohup sh custom-script!sh (

•

F nohup sh custom-script!sh D custom-out!log (

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.$

 

"ho am i   Sntax: •

 

%ho a" i

"ho am I gives the details o' current user "ho is logged into the UNIX machine!

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man

"an command nameD man command displas the manual 'or given comman

  Sntax: •

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8#

 

9nd !n( <location to search <t-pe to search <& 9nd command displas the location o' given 9le!

 Sntax:

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 The vi editor editor •

•

Stands 'or 6isual E(itor! Godes o' operation - Command mode - Insert mode - The ex command mode

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 The vi editor editor

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 The vi editor editor

8.

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 The vi editor editor

88

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editor - commands  The vi editor HH B "rite &uer to 9le and 7uit :"7 - "rite &uer to 9le and 7uit :7J B Kuit the editor "ithout saving changes to the 9le! :7 B Kuit i' the changes "ritten to 9le!

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Sample script   t   n   e   m   m   c  o

2ollo"ing commands Needs to &e executed

8

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1utput

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Name!sh

1utput:

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e9ning varia&les Earia&le nameLvaria&le value

%<

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Special varia&les 78 . !lena"e o/ the current cu rrent script3

7n& . Ar*u"ents %ith %hich a script %as in&o,e(397#7$ in&o,e(397#7$ an( so on 7 . Nu"=er o/ ar*u"ents supplie( to a script 7> . All the ar*u"ents are (ou=le 'uote(3 7? . All the ar*u"ents are in(i&i(uall- (ou=le 'uote(3 7@ . E4it status o/ the last co""an( 77 . Process nu"=er o/ the current shell 7 . Process nu"=er o/ the last =ac,*roun( co""an(

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/elational operators -e7 - 07ual to -ne - Not e7ual to -gt - Mreater than -lt - less than -ge - Mreater than or e7ual to -le - 4ess than or e7ual to

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I'!else i'conditionD statementD 9 i'condition D statement D 0lse statement D 9

I'conditionD statementD eli'condition D statementD 0lse

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statementD 9

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I'!else OJ6&in6sh aL#< &L>< i' P Fa LL F& Q then   echo Ra is e7ual to &R 9 i' P Fa JL F& Q then   echo Ra is not e7ual

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to &R 9

 

Sntaxes Some Sntax es •

case!!!esac

"hile command# do   Statements •

  "hile command>   do   Statements done   Statements done

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%8

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pmcmd Sntax OJ6usr6&in6&ash pmcmd start"orko" -sv FINTVSEC -d FIN2AV1GAI FIN2AV1GAIN N -u FIN2AVUS0/I FIN2AVUS0/I  -p FIN2AV*3 -' FIN2AV2140/ FIN2AV2140/ -" F31/52413VNAG0

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