Using IT in Education
Content
IT in education Arindam Das, Sec-D, Trimester-I,PGPBM ISB&M,Kolkata
What is IT ? • Information technology (IT), IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA (ITAA),), is "the study, design, des ign, development, implementation, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer c omputer hardware." • IT deals with the use us e of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information . • Now a days Information Technology (IT) is a general term that describes descr ibes any technology that helps to produce, pr oduce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. Presumably, when speaking of Information Technology Technology (IT) as a s a whole, w hole, it is noted that the use us e of computers and information are associated ass ociated .
Using IT in education sector Various uses
Benefits
• Developing a wide network using concepts like like ‘Internet Communication Technology’, Technology’, ‘Education Collaboration Network’
• Increasing the reach of quality education and improvement in distance education concept
• Virtual classroom concept
• Better co-ordination among education institutes and teachers leading to development and expansion of knowledge-pool
• Development of easily understandable models and audio-visual content • Using networking and applications for better and efficient use of resources and better management
• Audio-Visual learning experience
• Improved special education • Easy availability of wide variety of quality educational resources • Improved teacher training
Indian education scenario..som scen ario..somee information All data presented are of 2004-05
100.00% 95.00% 90.00% 85.00% 80.00% 75.00% Source: MHRD
Access to Primary education
Percentage of population
Access to upper primary education
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
60 40 20 0
Class I-V
Dropot Rate 2004-05
Class IVII
Source: MHRD
1:48 Math Language Science Social Science Class Class lass V Cl Clas ass s III VII
Class VIII
Marks obtained by students
1:40
Primary
1:33 Upper Primary
1:26 Teacher Student Ratio Source: SES, MHRD
Some uncomfortable truths: Primary Education
About 10% of students in age group 7-14 are out of school
About 45% of students in Govt. Schools in age group 7-10 cannot read, 13% in age group 11-14
Pratham’s survey
About 60% of students in Govt. Schools in age group 11-14 cannot write, 25% in age group 11-14 11-14 can’t read
75% of Govt. School students between ages 7-10 cannot do simple arithmetic
Increasing focus on ‘what is thought at school’ rather than on ‘are children in school’
Effective delivery of education is key
Key points
Quality and quantity of teachers, education material, resources are very low
Evidence shows that Computer Assisted Learning has improved improved learning
IT..current usage • Grey Greyce cells lls 18 Med Media ia,, a JV JV betwe between en ‘TV18 ‘TV18’’ and education service company ‘educomp’ launched a 24hr. channel ‘Topper TV ’ , for senior school students. • The channel has faculty from IITS, IIMS and foreign university. university. It is broadcasted using DTH Services. Subscription of students is between 40,000-90,000 40,000-90,000 already. • Everron systems Chennai, has signed an MOU with w ith IIM Indore for offering off ering management management programmers using the VSAT Technology.
IT..current usage • Srinivas Adepalli senior VP, Tata communications wants to launch educational courses for engineering and management courses through net using the help from Pune based Tata management training centre • Amity university has launched youth TV, to cater to students s tudents needs. • Virt Virtua uall cla class ssro roooms lik likee ‘extramarks.com ‘extramarks.com’’ and ‘classroomteachers.com classroomteachers.com’’ will touch 8.5 million households by 2010 as estimated remarked V.K.Arora director (electronic and system administrator head) of IGNOU.
VidyaVahini • It is govt. initiative to connect 60,000 govt. & govt. funded senior secondary schools on internet and intranet. Though currently cu rrently it is operated as a pilot project in 140 schools of 7 districts. • Program focuses: Providing ICT infrastructure Training teachers to use ICT infrastructure Providing different learning resources which include different
education tools, course curriculum & other learning materials Providing course content in regional languages
VidyaVahini…facilities Facilities: IT education and computer aided learning Access to Internet Online library Academic services Web broadcast E-learning Sharing library resources
Hardware & Software equipments Hardware
Software
One Server (P-IV based), 256 MB memory, 36 GB Hard Disk
MS-Office (full suite) with multi-lingual support
Core CAL
Network Printer
Visual Studio
10 Multimedia P-IV Personal Per sonal Computers with Web Camera
Encarta Reference Suite & Online Deluxe
Magic School Bus
Web Hosting Software
Software Tools Tools (MS VISIO V ISIO 2002) – to prepare proper documentation like flowcharts, graphs, organizational planning, etc.
CBSE/State Govt. approved course curriculum
Education Software Tools
29” Flat Screen Scr een Color TV
5 KVA UPS with w ith 15 minutes power backup
Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) & Constant Voltage Transformer
Internet access of 128 Kbps through VSAT
VidyaVahini…basic model Technology room: One of the
classrooms has been converted c onverted into the Technology Tec hnology Classroom with facilities facilities like one PC interfaced with 29” Flat Screen Color TV with internet connectivity Teacher’s training lab: A teacher
training lab, a replica of the installed infrastructure is created every district to train teachers
Source: Dept. of education
VidyaVahini…central VidyaVahini…central authority • The entire project has been implemented impl emented by by ERNET India, an Autonomous Scientific society under Department of Information Technology. • ERNET is a nodal network connecting education and research institutions in the country. • A Central Portal (www.vidyavahini.ernet.in) (www.vid yavahini.ernet.in) has has been hosted. hos ted. The Portal containsEducation material
Programming tools
Software tools for teachers
Software tools for students
Language tools
Filtering software
Course curriculum
EDUSAT • EDUSAT is the first Indian satellite built buil t exclusively to serve the educational sector. • EDUSAT or GSAT-3 was launched in September 2004 by the Indian Space Research Organization • EDUSAT carries five K u band transponders providing spot beams, one Ku band transponder providing providin g a national beam and six extended C band transponders providing providi ng national coverage beams beams • A joint-initiative joint-i nitiative by IIT-Bombay & ISRO was launched on Jan1,2008 using EDUSAT network.
EDUSAT..contd. • It started with 13 full-fledged full -fledged courses on this channel and other institutes(e.g. institu tes(e.g. other other IITs, NITs, etc.) are enabled to receive it. • Other institutes institu tes joining the program will be provided with ground equipments • In this network, ISRO already set up 45 broadcast & interactive network covering 20 states including North-Eastern states and Islands. • More than 30,000 classrooms have been equipped with connectivity through EDUSAT.
A survey… We decided to do a survey about this topic, the purpose was
To gauge the mood of PG students of our institution i nstitution as they represent a mix of youths from different states.
Collect some primary data about perception of students s tudents about use of IT in education.
The following are the details results of the surveySample size: 30, All PGPBM PGP BM students of of ISB&M Questionnaire consisted of of 10 question ques tion Likert’s scale was used for taking responses, res ponses, i.e. as follows Strongly disagree
Disagree
Can’t say
Agree
Strongly agree
Survey...results Q1:IT should be included as a compulsory subject from school level?
Q2:Should certified certified courses on IT be made compulsory in school and college level?
0%
0%
7%
20% Strongly agree
93%
1%
33%
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say
Disagree Strongly disagree
46%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q3:Use of IT enhance learning .
1% 13%
Q4:Students find find IT courses more interactive .
0% 2%
20% 13%
Strongly agree
13% Strongly agree
Agree Can't Say 66%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Agree
26% 46%
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q5:Use of intranet beneficial to students.
Q6:Knowledge Q6:Knowledge of IT beneficial for all round student s tudent development. development.
0% 1%
0%
0%
13%
33%
0% 26%
53%
Strongly agree
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
Can't Say 74%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q7:Virtual Q7:Virtual classroom concept should be incorporated in PG Courses.
Q8:IT infrastructure facilitates research findings .
0% 14% 15%
40%
13%
6% 13%
Strongly agree
13%
26%
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
60%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q9:IT helps helps in intraintra- and inter-lev inter-level el student interaction and collaboration.
0%
0% 0%
Q10:IT enables quick evaluation evaluation and feedback process .
0%
14%
13%
13%
14%
Strongly agree Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say 73%
Disagree Strongly disagree
73%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Findings Some key problem areas in Indian education system sys tem are as follows
Performance: Only 6% of students continue studies up to collegiate level and most of those who continue are poor in English, Science and Maths. Ma ths. According to DPEP Baseline survey extent of repetition in grade I is as high as 30-40% 30 -40% in some states.
Teacher training: Large number of teachers are under-qualified and many more need professional training.
Teacher-Student ratio:
50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Teachers
60% 1:43
50%
1:40
40%
None
1:37
Single Two
1:35 1:32
Basic 30% 20% SC HSC 10%
1:29
0% Ratio
HSC or less Graduate PG Trained Qualification
Findings..contd. Quality of material: Text books are updated infrequently and contain many
errors. No collaborative collaborative feedback mechanism for gathering inputs inputs from teachers & students s ome system in place to collect data about primary Data: Though there is some education but no such thing present pres ent for other levels. So all planning are based on performance of individual institutes ins titutes which is difficult and inefficient. s upplementaryy Lack of support s upport materials: Teachers are not equipped with any supplementar helps and no system is in plac placee to share resources and ideas. p erformance. No standardized system of evaluation of performance. Distribution system of
books are inefficient inefficient and education is totally dependent on this conventional material
Probable IT solutions Helping teachers by enabling a collaborative c ollaborative development development of teaching material and making it accessible a ccessible to all Improving quality enabling mass participation in developing and an d maintaining materials Improving operational efficiency by collecting disaggregated disaggregated data and use of information-based methods to procure and distribute dis tribute materials Tools for sharing instruction material among institutes
Probable IT solutions..contd. solutions..contd. Use supply chain chain management techniques to improve delivery of materials
Retaining content in electronic form to reduce delay Constructing and maintaining maintaining nationwide registry of facilities and performance perf ormance statistics for proper planning planning & management For this steps to be taken two basic needs are as follows f ollows
1.Data collection and storage mechanism
&
2.Data 2. Data analysis mechanism
Education Collaboration Network
Principle requirements of ECN Capability of handling different level of IT maturity and multipl m ultiplee languages
Highly distributed and able to capitalize on existing IT infrastructure like EDUSAT, Vidya Vahini
Based on open standardd for standar fo r encoding and accessing content
ECN-Architecture
The basic architecture of the ECN would be a web w eb services oriented one, based on open standards Components that make ECN are all commercially available which enables quick and affordable implementation Figure: A physical view of ECN
ECN-Architecture..contd. • Archit Architec ectur turee of the the syste system m will will be be ‘Clie ‘Client nt--Server Architecture’ • Softwa Software re will be split betwe between en compute computerr processe processess called called ‘client ‘client task’ task’ and ‘server task’ • Client Client side will have have facilitie facilitiess like like ‘offline ‘offline content content acce access’, ss’, ‘conte ‘content nt authoring and collaboration’ depending upon he infrastructural support • Client will be able to send and receive data from one or more server • System will be independent of any hardware and operating system limitation
ECN-Architecture..contd. e p y T t n e i l C
1.Thick 2.Thin
3.Lowmemory 4.Noncomputing devices
t n e m n o r i v n e g n i t a r e p o e l b a b o r P
1.Windows, Linu x 2.Internet Browser
3.Internet Browser, Palm Operating System
4. -
s e c i v e D e l b a b o r P
1.PCs, Simputers, High-end PDAs, Internet enabled appliances 2.PCs, Simputers, High-end PDAs, Kiosks 3.Low-end PDAs, WAP, GPRS enabled mobiles 4.Televisions, Tele phones
s g n i r e f f O
1.Online & offline access, Creation of multimedia content, Collabora tions 2.Web-browser based infrastructure, Li mited storage, Simple content creation 3.Content access, Collabora tion 4.Content access
ECN-Architecture..contd. • All clients together will be able to support s upport different different level of IT maturity ma turity • Range will be from high-speed high-s peed connectivity connectivity and high awareness aw areness users to limited connectivity and users us ers with rudimentary IT IT knowledge Servers provide back-end support for different clients Function s
Service Presentation
Enable users to access domain-specific content, Support all client types
Infrastructure
Basic infrastructural services that would be required by apps( System, lifecycle, workload, storage management & security)
Information
Handle content organization, lifecycle, storage, distribution, authoring, s earch and other processes
ECN-Architecture..contd. To support the interaction between clients and servers, presentation services services of the server will will support following following methods of communication: Cable Network: Client services services with nonn oncomputing abilities for simple audio and video streaming
SOAP: Simple message querying and retrieval with & w/o attachments
WAP: Mobile access of information and status updates
HTTP:Request HTTP:Request and responses
FTP:For FTP:For transferring multimedia files
ECN-Architecture->Some ECN-Architecture->Some key points: poi nts:
Network topology topology for ECN will evolve e volve with its spread. In initial stages server nodes will have to be hosted by state/regional authorities, district educational centers or urban schools s chools given the current economic and infrastructural infras tructural condition . Initially server platforms would run on a ‘Virtualized environment’ enabling them to use storage s torage and resources already available to ECN This This also als o bring down the initial expenditure.
ECN-Facilities
Different types types of clients allow allow for users with a wide range of IT IT facilities & awareness. Access & collaboration can be achieved using us ing communication technologies ranging from from the internet to the telephone network. The infrastructure allows both automatic translation of content & distributed dis tributed translations by multi-lingual users. As it builds on existing IT initiatives so the developing cost is low. Regulation is possible but not mandatory in this this approach because ‘network effect’ effect’ fairly small number of individual produce high quality contents.
References
References:
• Ministry of Human Resource Res ource Development-Data Development-Data • Pratham (A NGO)-Data • NCERT-Data • Department of education-Govt. of India-VidhyaVahini network & Data • IBM-For ECN Model • Angel Broking Consultancy & The Telegraph-Data • ISRO-EDUSAT • Internet-Other data & information
What is IT ? • Information technology (IT), IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA (ITAA),), is "the study, design, des ign, development, implementation, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer c omputer hardware." • IT deals with the use us e of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information . • Now a days Information Technology (IT) is a general term that describes descr ibes any technology that helps to produce, pr oduce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. Presumably, when speaking of Information Technology Technology (IT) as a s a whole, w hole, it is noted that the use us e of computers and information are associated ass ociated .
Using IT in education sector Various uses
Benefits
• Developing a wide network using concepts like like ‘Internet Communication Technology’, Technology’, ‘Education Collaboration Network’
• Increasing the reach of quality education and improvement in distance education concept
• Virtual classroom concept
• Better co-ordination among education institutes and teachers leading to development and expansion of knowledge-pool
• Development of easily understandable models and audio-visual content • Using networking and applications for better and efficient use of resources and better management
• Audio-Visual learning experience
• Improved special education • Easy availability of wide variety of quality educational resources • Improved teacher training
Indian education scenario..som scen ario..somee information All data presented are of 2004-05
100.00% 95.00% 90.00% 85.00% 80.00% 75.00% Source: MHRD
Access to Primary education
Percentage of population
Access to upper primary education
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
60 40 20 0
Class I-V
Dropot Rate 2004-05
Class IVII
Source: MHRD
1:48 Math Language Science Social Science Class Class lass V Cl Clas ass s III VII
Class VIII
Marks obtained by students
1:40
Primary
1:33 Upper Primary
1:26 Teacher Student Ratio Source: SES, MHRD
Some uncomfortable truths: Primary Education
About 10% of students in age group 7-14 are out of school
About 45% of students in Govt. Schools in age group 7-10 cannot read, 13% in age group 11-14
Pratham’s survey
About 60% of students in Govt. Schools in age group 11-14 cannot write, 25% in age group 11-14 11-14 can’t read
75% of Govt. School students between ages 7-10 cannot do simple arithmetic
Increasing focus on ‘what is thought at school’ rather than on ‘are children in school’
Effective delivery of education is key
Key points
Quality and quantity of teachers, education material, resources are very low
Evidence shows that Computer Assisted Learning has improved improved learning
IT..current usage • Grey Greyce cells lls 18 Med Media ia,, a JV JV betwe between en ‘TV18 ‘TV18’’ and education service company ‘educomp’ launched a 24hr. channel ‘Topper TV ’ , for senior school students. • The channel has faculty from IITS, IIMS and foreign university. university. It is broadcasted using DTH Services. Subscription of students is between 40,000-90,000 40,000-90,000 already. • Everron systems Chennai, has signed an MOU with w ith IIM Indore for offering off ering management management programmers using the VSAT Technology.
IT..current usage • Srinivas Adepalli senior VP, Tata communications wants to launch educational courses for engineering and management courses through net using the help from Pune based Tata management training centre • Amity university has launched youth TV, to cater to students s tudents needs. • Virt Virtua uall cla class ssro roooms lik likee ‘extramarks.com ‘extramarks.com’’ and ‘classroomteachers.com classroomteachers.com’’ will touch 8.5 million households by 2010 as estimated remarked V.K.Arora director (electronic and system administrator head) of IGNOU.
VidyaVahini • It is govt. initiative to connect 60,000 govt. & govt. funded senior secondary schools on internet and intranet. Though currently cu rrently it is operated as a pilot project in 140 schools of 7 districts. • Program focuses: Providing ICT infrastructure Training teachers to use ICT infrastructure Providing different learning resources which include different
education tools, course curriculum & other learning materials Providing course content in regional languages
VidyaVahini…facilities Facilities: IT education and computer aided learning Access to Internet Online library Academic services Web broadcast E-learning Sharing library resources
Hardware & Software equipments Hardware
Software
One Server (P-IV based), 256 MB memory, 36 GB Hard Disk
MS-Office (full suite) with multi-lingual support
Core CAL
Network Printer
Visual Studio
10 Multimedia P-IV Personal Per sonal Computers with Web Camera
Encarta Reference Suite & Online Deluxe
Magic School Bus
Web Hosting Software
Software Tools Tools (MS VISIO V ISIO 2002) – to prepare proper documentation like flowcharts, graphs, organizational planning, etc.
CBSE/State Govt. approved course curriculum
Education Software Tools
29” Flat Screen Scr een Color TV
5 KVA UPS with w ith 15 minutes power backup
Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) & Constant Voltage Transformer
Internet access of 128 Kbps through VSAT
VidyaVahini…basic model Technology room: One of the
classrooms has been converted c onverted into the Technology Tec hnology Classroom with facilities facilities like one PC interfaced with 29” Flat Screen Color TV with internet connectivity Teacher’s training lab: A teacher
training lab, a replica of the installed infrastructure is created every district to train teachers
Source: Dept. of education
VidyaVahini…central VidyaVahini…central authority • The entire project has been implemented impl emented by by ERNET India, an Autonomous Scientific society under Department of Information Technology. • ERNET is a nodal network connecting education and research institutions in the country. • A Central Portal (www.vidyavahini.ernet.in) (www.vid yavahini.ernet.in) has has been hosted. hos ted. The Portal containsEducation material
Programming tools
Software tools for teachers
Software tools for students
Language tools
Filtering software
Course curriculum
EDUSAT • EDUSAT is the first Indian satellite built buil t exclusively to serve the educational sector. • EDUSAT or GSAT-3 was launched in September 2004 by the Indian Space Research Organization • EDUSAT carries five K u band transponders providing spot beams, one Ku band transponder providing providin g a national beam and six extended C band transponders providing providi ng national coverage beams beams • A joint-initiative joint-i nitiative by IIT-Bombay & ISRO was launched on Jan1,2008 using EDUSAT network.
EDUSAT..contd. • It started with 13 full-fledged full -fledged courses on this channel and other institutes(e.g. institu tes(e.g. other other IITs, NITs, etc.) are enabled to receive it. • Other institutes institu tes joining the program will be provided with ground equipments • In this network, ISRO already set up 45 broadcast & interactive network covering 20 states including North-Eastern states and Islands. • More than 30,000 classrooms have been equipped with connectivity through EDUSAT.
A survey… We decided to do a survey about this topic, the purpose was
To gauge the mood of PG students of our institution i nstitution as they represent a mix of youths from different states.
Collect some primary data about perception of students s tudents about use of IT in education.
The following are the details results of the surveySample size: 30, All PGPBM PGP BM students of of ISB&M Questionnaire consisted of of 10 question ques tion Likert’s scale was used for taking responses, res ponses, i.e. as follows Strongly disagree
Disagree
Can’t say
Agree
Strongly agree
Survey...results Q1:IT should be included as a compulsory subject from school level?
Q2:Should certified certified courses on IT be made compulsory in school and college level?
0%
0%
7%
20% Strongly agree
93%
1%
33%
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say
Disagree Strongly disagree
46%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q3:Use of IT enhance learning .
1% 13%
Q4:Students find find IT courses more interactive .
0% 2%
20% 13%
Strongly agree
13% Strongly agree
Agree Can't Say 66%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Agree
26% 46%
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q5:Use of intranet beneficial to students.
Q6:Knowledge Q6:Knowledge of IT beneficial for all round student s tudent development. development.
0% 1%
0%
0%
13%
33%
0% 26%
53%
Strongly agree
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
Can't Say 74%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q7:Virtual Q7:Virtual classroom concept should be incorporated in PG Courses.
Q8:IT infrastructure facilitates research findings .
0% 14% 15%
40%
13%
6% 13%
Strongly agree
13%
26%
Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say Disagree Strongly disagree
60%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Survey..results Q9:IT helps helps in intraintra- and inter-lev inter-level el student interaction and collaboration.
0%
0% 0%
Q10:IT enables quick evaluation evaluation and feedback process .
0%
14%
13%
13%
14%
Strongly agree Strongly agree
Agree
Agree
Can't Say
Can't Say 73%
Disagree Strongly disagree
73%
Disagree Strongly disagree
Findings Some key problem areas in Indian education system sys tem are as follows
Performance: Only 6% of students continue studies up to collegiate level and most of those who continue are poor in English, Science and Maths. Ma ths. According to DPEP Baseline survey extent of repetition in grade I is as high as 30-40% 30 -40% in some states.
Teacher training: Large number of teachers are under-qualified and many more need professional training.
Teacher-Student ratio:
50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Teachers
60% 1:43
50%
1:40
40%
None
1:37
Single Two
1:35 1:32
Basic 30% 20% SC HSC 10%
1:29
0% Ratio
HSC or less Graduate PG Trained Qualification
Findings..contd. Quality of material: Text books are updated infrequently and contain many
errors. No collaborative collaborative feedback mechanism for gathering inputs inputs from teachers & students s ome system in place to collect data about primary Data: Though there is some education but no such thing present pres ent for other levels. So all planning are based on performance of individual institutes ins titutes which is difficult and inefficient. s upplementaryy Lack of support s upport materials: Teachers are not equipped with any supplementar helps and no system is in plac placee to share resources and ideas. p erformance. No standardized system of evaluation of performance. Distribution system of
books are inefficient inefficient and education is totally dependent on this conventional material
Probable IT solutions Helping teachers by enabling a collaborative c ollaborative development development of teaching material and making it accessible a ccessible to all Improving quality enabling mass participation in developing and an d maintaining materials Improving operational efficiency by collecting disaggregated disaggregated data and use of information-based methods to procure and distribute dis tribute materials Tools for sharing instruction material among institutes
Probable IT solutions..contd. solutions..contd. Use supply chain chain management techniques to improve delivery of materials
Retaining content in electronic form to reduce delay Constructing and maintaining maintaining nationwide registry of facilities and performance perf ormance statistics for proper planning planning & management For this steps to be taken two basic needs are as follows f ollows
1.Data collection and storage mechanism
&
2.Data 2. Data analysis mechanism
Education Collaboration Network
Principle requirements of ECN Capability of handling different level of IT maturity and multipl m ultiplee languages
Highly distributed and able to capitalize on existing IT infrastructure like EDUSAT, Vidya Vahini
Based on open standardd for standar fo r encoding and accessing content
ECN-Architecture
The basic architecture of the ECN would be a web w eb services oriented one, based on open standards Components that make ECN are all commercially available which enables quick and affordable implementation Figure: A physical view of ECN
ECN-Architecture..contd. • Archit Architec ectur turee of the the syste system m will will be be ‘Clie ‘Client nt--Server Architecture’ • Softwa Software re will be split betwe between en compute computerr processe processess called called ‘client ‘client task’ task’ and ‘server task’ • Client Client side will have have facilitie facilitiess like like ‘offline ‘offline content content acce access’, ss’, ‘conte ‘content nt authoring and collaboration’ depending upon he infrastructural support • Client will be able to send and receive data from one or more server • System will be independent of any hardware and operating system limitation
ECN-Architecture..contd. e p y T t n e i l C
1.Thick 2.Thin
3.Lowmemory 4.Noncomputing devices
t n e m n o r i v n e g n i t a r e p o e l b a b o r P
1.Windows, Linu x 2.Internet Browser
3.Internet Browser, Palm Operating System
4. -
s e c i v e D e l b a b o r P
1.PCs, Simputers, High-end PDAs, Internet enabled appliances 2.PCs, Simputers, High-end PDAs, Kiosks 3.Low-end PDAs, WAP, GPRS enabled mobiles 4.Televisions, Tele phones
s g n i r e f f O
1.Online & offline access, Creation of multimedia content, Collabora tions 2.Web-browser based infrastructure, Li mited storage, Simple content creation 3.Content access, Collabora tion 4.Content access
ECN-Architecture..contd. • All clients together will be able to support s upport different different level of IT maturity ma turity • Range will be from high-speed high-s peed connectivity connectivity and high awareness aw areness users to limited connectivity and users us ers with rudimentary IT IT knowledge Servers provide back-end support for different clients Function s
Service Presentation
Enable users to access domain-specific content, Support all client types
Infrastructure
Basic infrastructural services that would be required by apps( System, lifecycle, workload, storage management & security)
Information
Handle content organization, lifecycle, storage, distribution, authoring, s earch and other processes
ECN-Architecture..contd. To support the interaction between clients and servers, presentation services services of the server will will support following following methods of communication: Cable Network: Client services services with nonn oncomputing abilities for simple audio and video streaming
SOAP: Simple message querying and retrieval with & w/o attachments
WAP: Mobile access of information and status updates
HTTP:Request HTTP:Request and responses
FTP:For FTP:For transferring multimedia files
ECN-Architecture->Some ECN-Architecture->Some key points: poi nts:
Network topology topology for ECN will evolve e volve with its spread. In initial stages server nodes will have to be hosted by state/regional authorities, district educational centers or urban schools s chools given the current economic and infrastructural infras tructural condition . Initially server platforms would run on a ‘Virtualized environment’ enabling them to use storage s torage and resources already available to ECN This This also als o bring down the initial expenditure.
ECN-Facilities
Different types types of clients allow allow for users with a wide range of IT IT facilities & awareness. Access & collaboration can be achieved using us ing communication technologies ranging from from the internet to the telephone network. The infrastructure allows both automatic translation of content & distributed dis tributed translations by multi-lingual users. As it builds on existing IT initiatives so the developing cost is low. Regulation is possible but not mandatory in this this approach because ‘network effect’ effect’ fairly small number of individual produce high quality contents.
References
References:
• Ministry of Human Resource Res ource Development-Data Development-Data • Pratham (A NGO)-Data • NCERT-Data • Department of education-Govt. of India-VidhyaVahini network & Data • IBM-For ECN Model • Angel Broking Consultancy & The Telegraph-Data • ISRO-EDUSAT • Internet-Other data & information
