Vehicle Tracking Using Gps and Gsm

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Vehicle TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM
ABSTRACT:
The main aim of this project is to map the vehicles and find out the speed of the vehicles; this system uses GPS receiver/transmitter, GSM receiver/transmitter with a micro controller. Ima ine the vehicle has left !an alore at " o cloc# in the mornin . If the officer in char e for that vehicle wants to #now where this $us is, he will send an SMS to that particular $us num$er. The SMS, which has sent, $y the officer will reach the vehicle, which is travelin and there it will compare the password and the command. If every thin matches then it will perform the re%uest re%uired $y the officer. In this way we can easily map the vehicle position or speed of the vehicle from the place where they are sittin . In our project the P&! is desi ned $y usin '(press P&! ) the circuit is desi ned $y usin Proteus software.

Introduction * In this Project it is proposed to desi

n an em$edded system

which is used for trac#in and positionin of any vehicle $y usin Glo$al Positionin System +GPS, and Glo$al system for mo$ile communication +GSM,. In this project -./0 microcontroller is used for interfacin to various hardware peripherals. The so an -./0 current desi n is an em$edded application, which will continuously monitor a movin 1ehicle and report the status of the 1ehicle on demand. 2or doin microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM Modem and GPS 3eceiver. 4 GSM modem is used to send the position +5atitude and 5on itude, of the vehicle from a remote place. The GPS modem will continuously ive the data i.e. the latitude and lon itude indicatin the position of the vehicle. The GPS modem ives many parameters as the output, $ut only the 6M'4 data comin out is read and displayed on to the 5&7. The same data is sent to the mo$ile at the other end from where the position of the vehicle is demanded. 4n ''P38M is used to store the data received $y GPS receiver The hardware interfaces to microcontroller are 5&7 display, GSM modem and GPS 3eceiver. In order to interface GSM modem and GPS 3eceiver to the controller, a M9: is used. The desi n uses 3S;0<0 protocol for serial

communication $etween the modems and the microcontroller. 4 serial driver I& is used for convertin TT5 volta e levels to 3S;0<0 volta e levels. =hen a re%uest $y user is sent to the num$er at the modem, the system automatically sends a return reply to that particular mo$ile indicatin the position of the vehicle in terms of latitude and lon itude 4 Pro ram has $een developed which is used to locate the e(act position of the vehicle and also to navi ated trac# of the movin vehicle on Goo le Map.

Proposed System :The proposed system is used for positionin

and

navi atin the vehicle with an accuracy of >. m. The '(act location is indicated in the form of latitude and lon itude alon with the e(act 6avi ated trac# on Goo le map. The system trac#s the location of particular vehicle and sends to users mo$ile in form of data and also to microcontroller. The arrived data, in the form of latitude and lon itude is used to locate the 1ehicle on the Goo le maps and also we can see the output on the 5&7.

WORKING PRINCIPLE: The project consists of GPS receiver and GSM modem with a micro controller. The whole system is attached to the vehicle. In the other end (main vehicle station) one GSM mobile phone is attached to the computer with correspondin" to the position of vehicle to GSM Modem. Ima"ine the bus has left !an"alore at # o cloc$ in the mornin". If the officer in char"e for that vehicle wants to $now where the vehicle is% he will come to the computer and clic$ on the vehicle number on the pro"ram will send an SMS to the vehicle number. The SMS sent would come throu"h the GSM service provider and then reach the vehicle% which is travelin"% because the vehicle has a GSM device with sim card. This GSM modem will receive the SMS and send to the ! pro"ram .The ! ! application. So the GPS system will send the lon"itudinal and altitude values

microcontroller in the vehicle. The microcontroller will receive this SMS and compare the password and the command. If every thin" matches then it will perform the re&uest re&uired by the office. ' place name is assi"ned for each lon"itude ( latitude. The GSM receiver in the vehicle office receives these data ( "ives to the P) throu"h serial port. The ! pro"ram in the P) chec$s this data with its database ( displays the details of the vehicle on the screen. The device is password controlled i.e. person who $nows the device password only able to operate.

BLOCK DIAGRAM Tran !i""er

5&7 +7isplay, 5&7 7river 5&7 Glass

GPS 3eceiver

GPS/GSM S'5'&T83
Micro &ontroller +4T-?S/0, *T) *T) 0S) !attery !ac$up

GSM M87'M

3S0<0

Power Supply
Trans former *ectifier *e"ulator (,-./) +ilter

Memory

COMPONENTS USED:  Power Supply /v 1)  Micro controller  56ternal 55P*0M memory 2  ;)1  *eal Time )loc$ (*T))  Serial )ommunication  !u==er 2 2 2 ,-./ 2 'T-3S/42'tm(www.'tmel.)om) 'T47).4878-89#8:4'

2 (;i&uid crystal display) 4 69# 2 1S9:., (www.1allas.)om) M'< 4:4 +re&29 to 9- $>= (/v294 dc)

 GSM modem (3..89-.. M>=)  GPS receiver (with licence).

SO#TWARE USED:  ?eil Microvision.  5a"le /.#..

COMPONENT APPLICATIONS: P$%er &''l(: The microcontroller and other devices "et power supply from ') to 1c adapter throu"h volta"e re"ulator. The adapter output volta"e will be 94 non2re"ulated. The ,-./ volta"e re"ulators are used to convert 94 1) to / 1).

') Power

')81) 'dapter

*e"ulator (,-./)

+ilter

1) 0utput

Vi"al r$le $) '$%er &''l( in *BTS BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM+, The adapter output volta"e will be 94 1) non2re"ulated. The ,-./8,-94 volta"e re"ulators are used to convert 94 to / 894 1). Micr$c$n"r$ller: The 'T-3)/4 is a low2power% hi"h2performance )M0S -2bit microcontroller with -? bytes of in2system pro"rammable +lash memory. The device is manufactured usin" 'tmel@s hi"h2density nonvolatile memory technolo"y and is compatible with the industry2 standard -.)/9 instruction set and pin out. #ea"&re : -? !ytes of In2System Pro"rammable (ISP) +lash Memory 5nduranceA 9... Brite85rase )ycles 7.. to /./ 0peratin" *an"e 4/# 6 -2bit Internal *'M :4 Pro"rammable I80 ;ines

+ull 1uple6 C'*T Serial )hannel +ully Static 0perationA . >= to :: M>= Vi"al r$le $) Micr$ c$n"r$ller-AT./C01 in *Vehicle '$ i"i$n "rac2in3 & in3 GPS AND GSM recei4er %i"h licence+ The microcontroller will receive the SMS% which has sent from the office and compare the password and the command. If every thin" matches then it will perform the re&uest re&uired by the office. Me!$r(: These memory devices are used to store the data for off line process. The 'T47).4' 8 .7'8 .-'8 :48#7 provides 4.7-87.3#8-9348:4%,#-8#/%/:# bits of serial electrically erasable and pro"rammable read only memory (55P*0M) or"ani=ed as /#8/9489.4787.3#8-934 words of - bits each. The device is optimi=ed for use in many industrial and commercial applications where low power and low volta"e operation are essential. The 'T47).4'8.7'8.-' is available in space savin" -2pin P1IP. #ea"&re Internally 0r"ani=ed 4/# 6 - (4?)% /94 6 - (7?) or 9.47 6 - (-?) 42Bire Serial Interface (I4) protocol) >i"h *eliability D 5nduranceA 9 Million Brite )ycles D 1ata *etentionA 9.. Eears D 5S1 ProtectionA F:... Vi"al r$le $) E5"ernal EEPROM !e!$r( in *BTS BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM+ is used to store the lon"itudinal and latitudinal values.

RS 161 CONVERTER 7MA8 161N9 Serial P$r":

This is the device% which is used to convert TT;8*S4:4 vice versa. RS-161Pr$"$c$l *S24:4 was created for one purpose% to interface between 1ata Terminal 5&uipment (1T5) and 1ata )ommunications 5&uipment (1)5) employin" serial binary data interchan"e. So as stated the 1T5 is the terminal or computer and the 1)5 is the modem or other communications device. *S24:4 pin2outs for I!M compatible computers are shown below. There are two confi"urations that are typically usedA one for a 32pin connector and the other for a 4/2pin connector.

Real Ti!e Cl$c2 7RTC : DS;6<=9: This is used to maintain the current time in off line processin". The 1S9:., Serial *eal2Time )loc$ is a low powerG full binary2coded decimal (!)1) cloc$8calendar plus /# bytes of H S*'M. 'ddress and data are transferred serially via a 42wire% bi2directional bus. The cloc$8calendar provides seconds% minutes% hours% day% date% month% and year information. The end of the month date is automatically adjusted for months with fewer than :9 days% includin" corrections for leap year. The cloc$ operates in either the 472hour or 942hour format with 'M8PM indicator. The 1S9:., has a built2in power sense circuit that detects power failures and automatically switches to the battery supply.

#ea"&re I" & e I1C 'r$"$c$l I *eal2time cloc$ (*T)) counts seconds% minutes% hours% date of the month% month% and day of the wee$% and year with leap2year compensation valid up to 49... ITwo2wire serial interface )onsumes less than /..n' in battery bac$up mode with oscillator runnin" Vi"al r$le $) RTC in *BTS BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM+ is used to "et the current time. LCD: ;)1s can add a lot to your application in terms of providin" an useful interface for the user% debu""in" an application or just "ivin" it a JprofessionalJ loo$. The most common type of ;)1 controller is the >itatchi 77,-.% which provides a relatively simple interface between a processor and an ;)1. Ine6perienced desi"ners do often not attempt usin" this interface and pro"rammers because it is difficult to find "ood documentation on the interface% initiali=in" the interface can be a problem and the displays themselves are e6pensive. ;)1 has sin"le line display% Two2line display% four line display. 5very line has 9# characters. Vi"al r$le $) LCD in *BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM K is used to display the correspondin" action in written form.

GSM !$>e! 7/<<?;.<< M@A9: Semens GSM8GP*S Smart Modem is a multi2functional% ready to use% ru""ed unit that can be embedded or plu""ed into any application. The Smart

Modem can be controlled and customi=ed to various levels by usin" the standard 'T commands. The modem is fully type2approved% it can speed up the operational time with full ran"e of for spontaneous data transfer. De cri'"i$n $) "he in"er)ace The modem comprises several interfacesA
2 2 2 2 2

oice% 1ata% +a6 and Short Messa"es

(Point to Point and )ell !roadcast)% the modem also supports GP*S ()lass 4L)

;51 +unction includin" operatin" Status 56ternal antenna (via SM') Serial and control lin$ Power Supply ( ia 4 pin Phoeni6 tm contact) SIM card holder

LED S"a"& In>ica"$r The ;51 will indicate different status of the modemA 2 2 2 2 0++ 0H +lashin" Slowly +lashin" rapidly only) Vi"al r$le $) GSM MODEM in *BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM+ is used to transmit and receive the SMS. GPS RECEIVER: IT*'<.4 receiver produces and interprets messa"es in accordance with the HM5' (Hational Marine 5lectronics association) standard (its with licence). Modem Switched off Modem is connectin" to the networ$ Modem is in idle mode Modem is in transmission8communication (GSM

The fully autonomous receiver provides hi"h position and speed accuracy performances as well as hi"h sensitivity and trac$in" capabilities in urban conditions. The solutions enable small form factor devices. The deliver major advancements in GPS performances% accuracy% inte"ration% computin" power and fle6ibility. They are desi"ned to simplify the embedded system inte"ration process. The HM5' commands used for controllin" the basic IT*'< operations. The accuracy of the receiver is /. to 9.. meters. APPLICATIONS 2 )ar navi"ation 2 +leet mana"ement8trac$in" 2 Palmtop% ;aptop% P1'% and >andheld 2 ;ocation !ased Services enabled devices Vi"al r$le $) GPS RECEIVER in *BUS TRACKING USING GPS & GSM SYSTEM+ is used for findin" the lon"itude and latitude values.

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION: Micr$ c$n"r$ller-AT./C01: The 'T-3)/4 is a low2power% hi"h2performance )M0S -2bit

microcontroller with -? bytes of in2system pro"rammable +lash memory. The device is manufactured usin" 'tmel@s hi"h2density nonvolatile memory technolo"y and is compatible with the industry2 standard -.)/9 instruction set and pin out. +eaturesA -? !ytes of In2System Pro"rammable (ISP) +lash Memory 5nduranceA 9... Brite85rase )ycles 7.. to /./ 0peratin" *an"e

4/# 6 -2bit Internal *'M :4 Pro"rammable I80 ;ines +ull 1uple6 C'*T Serial )hannel +ully Static 0perationA . >= to :: M>= The 'T-3)/4 is a low2power% hi"h2performance )M0S -2bit

microcontroller with -? bytes of in2system pro"rammable +lash memory. The device is manufactured usin" 'tmel@s hi"h2density nonvolatile memory technolo"y and is compatible with the industry2standard -.)/9 instruction set and pinout. The on2chip +lash allows the pro"ram memory to be repro"rammed in2system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory pro"rammer. !y combinin" a versatile -2bit )PC with in2system pro"rammable +lash on a monolithic chip% the 'tmel 'T-3)/4 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a hi"hly2fle6ible and cost2effective solution to many embedded control applications. The 'T-3)/4 provides the followin" standard featuresA -? bytes of +lash% 4/# bytes of *'M% :4 I80 lines% Batchdo" timer% two data pointers% three 9#2bit timer8counters% a si62vector two2level interrupt architecture% a full duple6 serial port% on2chip oscillator% and cloc$ circuitry. In addition% the 'T-3)/4 is desi"ned with static lo"ic for operation down to =ero fre&uency and supports two software selectable power savin" modes. The Idle Mode stops the )PC while allowin" the *'M% timer8counters% serial port% and interrupt system to continue functionin". The Power2down mode saves the *'M contents but free=es the oscillator% disablin" all other chip functions until the ne6t interrupt or hardware reset. RS 161 CONVERTER 7MA8 161N9 Serial P$r": This is the device% which is used to convert TT;8*S4:4 vice versa. RS-161Pr$"$c$l In telecommunications% RS-161 is a standard for serial binary data interconnection between a DTE (1ata terminal e&uipment) and a DCE (1ata

)ircuit2terminatin" 5&uipment). It is commonly used in computer serial ports. The *S24:4 standard defines the volta"e levels that correspond to lo"ical one and lo"ical =ero levels. alid si"nals are plus or minus : to 9/ volts. The ran"e near =ero volts is not a valid *S24:4 levelG lo"ic one is defined as a ne"ative volta"e% the si"nal condition is called mar$in"% and has the functional si"nificance of 0++. *S24:4 was created for one purpose% to interface between 1ata Terminal 5&uipment (1T5) and 1ata )ommunications 5&uipment (1)5) employin" serial binary data interchan"e. So as stated the 1T5 is the terminal or computer and the 1)5 is the modem or other communications device. *S24:4 pin2outs for I!M compatible computers are shown below. There are two confi"urations that are typically usedA one for a 32pin connector and the other for a 4/2pin connector.

LCD: ;)1s can add a lot to your application in terms of providin" an useful interface for the user% debu""in" an application or just "ivin" it a JprofessionalJ loo$. The most common type of ;)1 controller is the >itatchi 77,-.% which provides a relatively simple interface between a processor and an ;)1. Ine6perienced desi"ners do often not attempt usin" this interface and pro"rammers because it is difficult to find "ood documentation on the

interface% initiali=in" the interface can be a problem and the displays themselves are e6pensive. ;)1 has sin"le line display% Two2line display% four line display. 5very line has 9# characters.

EEPROM 1BC<B: #ea"&re M ;ow2volta"e and Standard2volta"e 0peration D 4., ( )) N 4., to /./ ) D 9.- ( )) N 9.- to /./ ) M Internally 0r"ani=ed 94- 6 - (9?)% 4/# 6 - (4?)% /94 6 - (7?)% 9.47 6 - (-?) or 4.7- 6 - (9#?) M 42wire Serial Interface M Schmitt Tri""er% +iltered Inputs for Hoise Suppression M !i2directional 1ata Transfer Protocol M 9.. $>= (9.- % 4./ % 4., ) and 7.. $>= (/ ) )ompatibility M Brite Protect Pin for >ardware 1ata Protection M -2byte Pa"e (9?% 4?)% 9#2byte Pa"e (7?% -?% 9#?) Brite Modes M Partial Pa"e Brites are 'llowed M Self2timed Brite )ycle (9. ms ma6) M >i"h2reliability D 5nduranceA 9 Million Brite )ycles D 1ata *etentionA 9.. Eears M 'utomotive Grade% 56tended Temperature and ;ead2+ree 1evices 'vailable M -2lead P1IP% -2lead O515) S0I)% -2lead M'P% /2lead S0T4:% -2lead TSS0P and -2ball d!G'4P Pac$a"es De cri'"i$n:

The 'T47).9'8.48.78.-89# provides 9.4784.7-87.3#8-93489#:-7 bits of serial electrically erasable and pro"rammable read2only memory (55P*0M) or"ani=ed as94-84/#8/9489.4784.7- words of - bits each. The device is optimi=ed for use in many industrial and commercial applications where low2 power and low2volta"e operation are essential. The 'T47).9'8.48.78.-89# is available in space2savin" -2lead P1IP% -2lead O515) S0I)% -2lead M'P% /2 lead S0T4: ('T47).9'8'T47).48'T47).7)% -2lead TSS0P and -2ball d!G'4 pac$a"es and is accessed via a 42wire serial interface. In addition% the entire family is available in 4., versions. (4., to /./ ) and 9.(9.to /./ )

PIN Dia3ra!:

GSM !$>e! 7/<<?;.<< M@A9: @i "$r( $) GSM 1urin" the early 93-.s% analo" cellular telephone systems were e6periencin" rapid "rowth in 5urope% particularly in Scandinavia and the Cnited ?in"dom% but also in +rance and Germany. 5ach country developed its own system% which was incompatible with everyone elseQs in e&uipment and

operation. This was an undesirable situation% because not only was the mobile e&uipment limited to operation within national boundaries% which in a unified 5urope were increasin"ly unimportant% but there was also a very limited mar$et for each type of e&uipment% so economies of scale and the subse&uent savin"s could not be reali=ed. The 5uropeans reali=ed this early on% and in 93-4 the )onference of 5uropean Posts and Tele"raphs ()5PT) formed a study "roup called the Groupe SpRcial Mobile (GSM) to study and develop a pan25uropean public land mobile system. The proposed system had to meet certain criteriaA • • • • • • • In Good subjective speech &uality ;ow terminal and service cost Support for international roamin" 'bility to support handheld terminals Support for ran"e of new services and facilities Spectral efficiency IS1H compatibility 93-3% GSM responsibility was transferred to the 5uropean

Telecommunication Standards Institute (5TSI)% and phase I of the GSM specifications were published in 933.. )ommercial service was started in mid2 9339% and by 933: there were :# GSM networ$s in 44 countries. 'lthou"h standardi=ed in 5urope% GSM is not only a 5uropean standard. 0ver 4.. GSM networ$s (includin" 1)S9-.. and P)S93..) are operational in 99. countries around the world. In the be"innin" of 9337% there were 9.: million subscribers worldwide% which had "rown to more than // million by 0ctober 933,. Bith Horth 'merica ma$in" a delayed entry into the GSM field with a derivative of GSM called P)S93..% GSM systems e6ist on every continent% and the acronym GSM now aptly stands for Global System for Mobile communications.

The developers of GSM chose an unproven (at the time) di"ital system% as opposed to the then2standard analo" cellular systems li$e 'MPS in the Cnited States and T')S in the Cnited ?in"dom. They had faith that advancements in compression al"orithms and di"ital si"nal processors would allow the fulfillment of the ori"inal criteria and the continual improvement of the system in terms of &uality and cost. The over -... pa"es of GSM recommendations try to allow fle6ibility and competitive innovation amon" suppliers% but provide enou"h standardi=ation to "uarantee proper interwor$in" between the components of the system. This is done by providin" functional and interface descriptions for each of the functional entities defined in the system. Ser4ice 'r$4i>e> C( GSM +rom the be"innin"% the planners of GSM wanted IS1H compatibility in terms of the services offered and the control si"nallin" used. >owever% radio transmission limitations% in terms of bandwidth and cost% do not allow the standard IS1H !2channel bit rate of #7 $bps to be practically achieved. Csin" the ITC2T definitions% telecommunication services can be divided into bearer services% teleservices% and supplementary services. The most basic teleservice supported by GSM is telephony. 's with all other communications% speech is di"itally encoded and transmitted throu"h the GSM networ$ as a di"ital stream. There is also an emer"ency service% where the nearest emer"ency2service provider is notified by dialin" three di"its (similar to 399). ' variety of data services is offered. GSM users can send and receive data% at rates up to 3#.. bps% to users on P0TS (Plain 0ld Telephone Service)% IS1H% Pac$et Switched Public 1ata Hetwor$s% and )ircuit Switched Public 1ata Hetwor$s usin" a variety of access methods and protocols% such as <.4/ or <.:4. Since GSM is a di"ital networ$% a modem is not re&uired between the

user and GSM networ$% althou"h an audio modem is re&uired inside the GSM networ$ to interwor$ with P0TS. 0ther data services include Group : facsimile% as described in ITC2T recommendation T.:.% which is supported by use of an appropriate fa6 adaptor. ' uni&ue feature of GSM% not found in older analo" systems% is the Short Messa"e Service (SMS). SMS is a bidirectional service for short alphanumeric (up to 9#. bytes) messa"es. Messa"es are transported in a store2 and2forward fashion. +or point2to2point SMS% a messa"e can be sent to another subscriber to the service% and an ac$nowled"ement of receipt is provided to the sender. SMS can also be used in a cell2broadcast mode% for sendin" messa"es such as traffic updates or news updates. Messa"es can also be stored in the SIM card for later retrieval . Supplementary services are provided on top of teleservices or bearer services. In the current (Phase I) specifications% they include several forms of call forward (such as call forwardin" when the mobile subscriber is unreachable by the networ$)% and call barrin" of out"oin" or incomin" calls% for e6ample when roamin" in another country. Many additional supplementary services will be provided in the Phase 4 specifications% such as caller identification% call waitin"% multi2party conversations.

AT COMMANDS USED:

SIM In er"i$nD SIM Re!$4al SIM card Insertion and *emoval procedures are supported. There are software functions relyin" on positive readin" of the hardware SIM detect pin. This pin state (open8closed) ispermanently monitored.Bhen the SIM detect pin indicates that a card is present in the SIM connector% the product tries to set up a lo"ical SIM session. The lo"ical SIM session will be set up or not dependin" on whether the detected card is a SIM )ard or not. The 'TS)PIHT command delivers the followin" responsesA If the SIM detect pin indicates UabsentV% the response to 'TS)PIHT is US)M5 5**0* 9.V (SIM not inserted). If the SIM detect pin indicates UpresentV% and the inserted )ard is a SIM )ard% the state. If the SIM detect pin indicates UpresentV% and the inserted )ard is not a SIM )ard% the response to 'TS)PIHT is )M5 5**0* 9.. These last two states are not "iven immediately due to bac$"round initiali=ation. !etween the hardware SIM detect pin indicatin" UpresentV and the previous results the 'TS)PIHT sends US)M5 5**0*A /9/V (Please wait% init in pro"ress). Bhen the SIM detect pin indicates card absence% and if a SIM )ard was previously inserted% an IMSI detach procedure is performed% all user data is removed from the product (Phoneboo$s% SMS etc.). The product then switches to e!er3enc( !$>e. Call C$n"r$l c$!!an> Dial c$!!an> D De cri'"i$n: The 'T1 command is used to e" a 4$iceD >a"a $r )a5 call. 's per GSM .4.:.% the dial command also controls supplementary services. +or a >a"a or a response to 'TS)PIHT is US)PIHA 666V dependin" on SIM PIH

)a5 call% the application sends the followin" 'S)II strin" to the product (the bearer must be previously selected with the S)!ST command)A ATDEnCF where WnbF is the destination phone number. +or a 4$ice call% the application sends the followin" 'S)II strin" to the productA (the bearer may be selected previously% if not a default bearer is used). ATDEnCFG where WnbF is the destination phone number. Please note that for an in"erna"i$nal n&!Cer% the local international prefi6 does not need to be set (usually ..) but does need to be replaced by the KS@ character. 56ampleA to set up a voice call to Bavecom offices from another country% the 'T command isA UATDH66;BI1/<.<<GV Hote that some countries may have specific numberin" rules for their GSM handset numberin". The response to the 'T1 command is one of the followin"A VerC$ e re &l" c$>e De cri'"i$n %i"h ATV< e" 0? . ifthe call succeeds% for voice call only )0HH5)T WspeedF 9.%99%94% 9:%97%9/ ifthe call succeeds% for data calls only% WspeedF ta$es the value ne"otiated by the product. !CSE is 'lready in , If the called party I N&!eric c$>e

communication

H0 'HSB5* after a fi6ed

-

If no han" up is detected networ$

time2out H0 )'**I5* release Ech$ E De cri'"i$n: This command is used to determine whether or not the modem echoes characters received by an e6ternal application (1T5). S(n"a5: )ommand Synta6A 'T5 COMMAND RESPONSES 'T5. HoteA )haracters are not echoed 1one 'T59 HoteA )haracters are echoed 1one 00 0? HoteA 0? HoteA POSSIBLE : )all setup failed or remote user

Selec" !e a3e er4ice HCSMS De cri'"i$n: The supported services are ori"inated (SMS2M0) and terminated short messa"e (SMSMT) S )ell !roadcast Messa"e (SMS2)!) services. S(n"a5: )ommand Synta6A 'TS)SMSNWserviceF COMMAND RESPONSES 'TS)SMSN. S)SMSA 9%9%9 0? POSSIBLE

'TS)SMSN9

S)SMSA 9%9%9

Pre)erre> Me a3e #$r!a" HCMG# De cri'"i$n: The messa"e formats supported are te6t mode and P1C mode.In P1C mode% a complete SMS Messa"e includin" all header information is "iven as a binary strin" (in he6adecimal format). Therefore% only the followin" set of characters is allowedA XK.@%@9@%@4@%@:@%@7@%@/@%@#@%@,@%@-@%@3@% K'@% K!@%@)@%@1@%@5@%@+@Y. 5ach pair or characters is converted to a byte (e.".A K79@ is converted to the 'S)II character K'@% whose 'S)II code is.679 or #/). In Te6t mode% all commands and responses are in 'S)II characters. S(n"a5: )ommand Synta6A 'TS)MG+

COMMAND RESPONSES 'TS)MG+N. Set P1C mode 'TS)MG+N9 Set T5<T mode Ne% !e a3e in>ica"i$n HCNMI De cri'"i$n:

POSSIBLE 0?

0?

This command selects the procedure for messa"e reception from the networ$. S(n"a5: )ommand Synta6A 'TS)HMINWmodeF%WmtF%WbmF%WdsF%WbfrF

COMMAND RESPONSES 'TS)HMIN4%9%.%.%.

POSSIBLE 0? 'TS)MTI A USMV%9 HoteAmessa"e

received 'TS)HMIN4%4%.%.%. .8.9% 94A:...S..V%943%7%:4 %47.% U9/:,3V%943%/W)*F W;+F 0? S)MTU94:7/#V%V3-89

Rea> !e a3e HCMGR

De cri'"i$n: This command allows the application to read stored messa"es. S(n"a5: )ommand Synta6A 'TS)MG*NWinde6F ' messa"e read with status U*5) CH*5'1V will be updated in memory with the status U*5) *5'1V.

COMMAND RESPONSES

POSSIBLE 'TS)MTIA USMV%9

'TS)MG*N9 -..V%

S)MG*A U*5) CH*5'1V%V.97#43. V3-89.8.9%9-A44 A99S..V%W)*FW;+F '!)defG>I 0? HoteA read the messa"e

Sen> !e a3e HCMGS De cri'"i$n: The WaddressF field is the address of the terminal to which the messa"e is sent. To send he messa"e% simply type% Wctrl2ZF character ('S)II 4#). The te6t can contain all e6istin" characters e6cept Wctrl2ZF and W5S)F ('S)II 4,). This command can be aborted usin" the W5S)F character when enterin" te6t. In P1C mode% only he6adecimal characters are used (K.@[@3@%@'@[@+@). S(n"a5:

)ommand synta6 in te6t modeA 'TS)MGSN WdaF \ %WtodaF ] W)*F te6t is entered Wctrl2Z 8 5S) F COMMAND RESPONSES 'TS)MGSNVS::97#43.-..VW)*F Please call me soon% +red. Wctrl2ZF HoteA Send a messa"e in te6t mode transmission The messa"e reference% WmrF% which is returned to the application is allocated by the product. This number be"ins with . and is incremented by one for each out"oin" messa"e(successful and failure cases)G it is cyclic on one byte (. follows 4//). Gl$Cal P$ i"i$nin3 S( "e! (GPS): The Gl$Cal P$ i"i$nin3 S( "e! (GPS)% is the only fully2functional satellite navi"ation system. More than two do=en GPS satellites orbit the 5arth% transmittin" radio si"nals which allow GPS receivers to determine their location% speed and direction. GPS has become indispensable for navi"ation around the world and an important tool for map2ma$in" and synchroni=ation of telecommunications networ$s. S)MGSA WmrF 0? HoteA Successful POSSIBLE

>ow it wor$s 2 simple introductionA ' GPS receiver calculates its position by measurin" the distance between itself and three or more GPS satellites. Measurin" the time delay between transmission and reception of each GPS radio si"nal "ives the distance to each satellite% since the si"nal travels at a $nown speed. The si"nals also carry information about the satellitesQ location. !y determinin" the position of% and distance to% at least three satellites% the receiver can compute its location usin" "rila"era"i$n.*eceivers do not have perfectly accurate cloc$s% and must trac$ one e6tra satellite to correct their cloc$ error. Technical >e cri'"i$n Sa"elli"e an> Gr$&n> C$n"r$l: The GPS desi"n calls for 47 satellites to be distributed e&ually amon" si6 circular orbital planes with //^ declination (tilt relative to the e&uator) and separated by #.^ ri"ht ascension (an"le alon" the e&uator). 0rbitin" at an altitude of 9.%3-- nautical miles (appro6imately 4.%4.. $ilometers or 94%#.. statute miles)% each satellite passes over the same location on 5arth twice a day. The orbits are arran"ed so that at least four satellites are always within line of si"ht from almost anywhere on 5arth.

The satellites also broadcast two forms of cloc$ information% the C$ar e ? AcJ&i i"i$n c$>e% or C?A which is freely available to the public% and the restricted Preci e c$>e% or P-c$>e% usually reserved for military applications.

The )8' code is a 9%.4: bit lon" pseudo2random code broadcast at 9..4: M>=% repeatin" every millisecond. 5ach satellite sends a distinct )8' code% which allows it to be uni&uely identified. The P2code is a similar code broadcast at 9..4: M>=% but it repeats only once a wee$. In normal operation% the so2called Janti2spoofin" modeJ% the P code is first encrypted into the Y-c$>e% or P7Y9% which can only be decrypted by units with a valid decryption $ey. +re&uencies used by GPS includeA • • • L; 7;0=0,B1 M@A9 - Mi6 of Havi"ation Messa"e% coarse2ac&uisition ()8') code and encrypted precision P(E) code. L1 7;11=,I< M@A9 - P(E) code% and a second )8' code on the !loc$ II2 * and newer satellites. L6 7;6.;,<0 M@A9 - Csed by the De)en e S&''$r" Pr$3ra! to si"nal detection of missile launches% nuclear detonations% and other hi"h2 ener"y infrared events. • • LB 7;.B;,B< M@A9 - !ein" studied for additional ionospheric correction. L0 7;;=I,B0 M@A9 - Proposed for use as a civilian safety2of2life (So;) si"nal. This fre&uency falls into an internationally protected ran"e for aeronautical navi"ation% promisin" little or no interference under all circumstances. The first !loc$ II+ satellite that would provide this si"nal is set to be launched in 4..-.

Recei4er :
In "eneral% GPS receivers are composed of an antenna% tuned to the fre&uencies transmitted by the satellites% receiver2processors% and a hi"hly2 stable cloc$ (often a crystal oscillator). They may also include a display for

providin" location and speed information to the user. ' receiver is often described by its number of channelsA this si"nifies how many satellites it can monitor simultaneously. 0ri"inally limited to four or five% this has pro"ressively increased over the years such that% as of 4..#% receivers typically have between twelve and twenty channels. Many GPS receivers can relay position data to a P) or other device usin" the NMEA <;.6 'r$"$c$l. HM5' 4... is a newer and less widely adopted protocol. !oth are proprietary and controlled by the CS2based Hational Marine 5lectronics 'ssociation. *eferences to the HM5' protocols have been compiled from public records% allowin" open source tools li$e "psd to read the protocol without violatin" intellectual property laws. 0ther proprietary protocols e6ist as well% such as the Si*+ protocol. *eceivers can interface with other devices usin" methods includin" a Bl&e"$$"h, General NMEA c$!!an> : START : S"ar" Na4i3a"i$n )ommands iTra6 to start navi"ation. The command has no effect if called while iTra6 is already navi"atin". 'fter the start command has been "iven% it ta$es some time from iTra6 to ac&uire satellites% ac&uire re&uired navi"ation data from the si"nal and calculate a first fi6. KP#STDSTARTDE "ar"!$>eF E5a!'le : KP#STDSTARTECRFEL#F Starts navi"ation usin" the fastest possible start mode. KP#STDSTARTD1ECRFEL#F Starts navi"ation usin" warm start mode if possible. STOP : S"$' Na4i3a"i$n: erial c$nnec"i$nD USB $r

)ommands iTra6 to stop navi"ation and enter idle state. 't idle state iTra6 receiverdoesn@t navi"ate but still accepts commands. Idle state consumes less power than navi"ation state% but remar$ably more than in the power2down mode. This command also stores the U;ast?nownGoodV fi6% ephemeris and almanac data ac&uired durin" navi"ation to flash memory. KP#STDSTOPDE;L<F NMEA MESSAGES: This is one of the HM5' messa"es. GGA : Gl$Cal P$ i"i$nin3 S( "e! #i5 Da"a Time% position and fi6 related data for a GPS receiver. KGPGGADhh!! ,>>D55!!,>>>>DENLSFD(((!!,>>>>DEELWFD4D D>,>Dh,h DMD3,3DMDa,aD5555MhhECRFEL#F

E5a!'le: KGPGGAD;;;1<<,<1DI<;I,6</1DND<1B0.,6.B;DED;D</D<,.D6<,IDMD;.,; DMDDM0D

APPLICATION O# T@IS PRONECT:

• • •

+or identification of person% vehicles etc +or findin" the speed of the vehicles To identify the theft vehicle usin" "oo"le maps

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