What Are the Type of Groups

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Villa,Ruth Grace R. TF 1:30-3:00pm

1.)

What are the type of groups

Informal Group Informal groups are established by individuals who decide they want to interact with each other. Informal groups usually do not have a specific purpose; often the group forms because the group members regularly happen to be in the same location or because they enjoy each other's company. For example people may form a group because they sit close together in an office or live together in a house. Example. Friendship Groups: Friendship groups are associations of people who like each other and who like to be together. Such groups are formed because members have one or more common characteristics, such as age or ethnic heritage, political beliefs, religious values and other bonds of attraction. 2. Interest Groups: Interest groups are composed of individuals who may not be members of the same organization (command or task groups), but they are united by their interest in a common issue. Example of interest groups may include a group of University Professors. They organize a seminar on Law and Order Problems in the State of Tamil Nadu. 3. Reference Group: A reference group is a special type of informal group that people use to evaluate themselves. A reference group may not be an actual one that meets together, it can be an imaginary group. The reference group for a new university Lecturer, for example, may be other scholars in the same discipline at other universities. Secondary Group When a large number of people get together (who do not normally get together) it is called a secondary group. Secondary group members do not get the opportunity to get to know each other as well as primary group members because the interaction with each other is less than in a primary group. When a secondary group is formed, individuals usually have their own agenda and goals. The relationship they form is not long term and social interaction within a secondary group is likely to be low. Example. Classroom- A classroom consists of students and a teacher where the teacher is in charge of creating a structure and environment that help the students learn. This involves implementing a set of rules and expectations and helping the students meet their educational goals. A classroom is

Villa,Ruth Grace R. TF 1:30-3:00pm

located in a school, which is a common meeting place for the students and the teacher.

Primary Group A primary group is made up of a small group of people who interact regularly. A small team with a leader is an example of a primary group. A family can also be called a primary group. Within the primary group, values, beliefs and culture are all very important. Reference group. Reference groups don't even have to include people we know. Instead reference groups refer to a group of people with whom we identify ourselves. Think of them as your role models. For example, if you've always wanted to be a professional basketball player, chances are you pay attention to what professional basketball players like to wear and do and you buy or do the same when you can. These activities are done so you will be recognized as a 'basketball player' socially. Types of Reference Groups Reference groups can be divided into two major types: 

A normative reference group influences your norms, attitudes and values through direct interaction. Examples of your normative reference groups include your parents, siblings, teachers, peers, associates and friends.



A comparative reference group is a group of individuals whom you compare yourself against and may strive to be like. Examples include celebrities and heroes.

Formal Group A formal group is created within an organization to complete a specific role or task. This may be a one off objective such as the launch of a particular product or service or a permanent/ongoing objective such as the provision of Information Technology (IT). Example. Functional Groups are classified according to functions of the members of the groups such as clerks, typists, etc. These groups possess the authority of

Villa,Ruth Grace R. TF 1:30-3:00pm

both command groups and functional groups. Functional groups can again be classified into: (a) Team group specifies no fixed role to its members. (b) Task group specifies a fixed job to each of its members. (c) Technological group is allotted the roles by the management. 4. Status Groups involve the members of the same status in the organization.

2.)Why are social groups important? Social Groups Just about everybody has a friend. Some people have just a few friends, while other people have many friends. Many people can break their friends down into groups. We might play sports with some friends, while others might be our favorite coworkers. Heck, on social media, groups of 'friends' can get distorted to refer to thousands of acquaintances! In this lesson, we'll define three different types of social groups and get acquainted with the characteristics of social groups of different size.

3)What element and factor that contribute to a successful groups Factors contributing to the success of collaborative efforts Informal structure of group Personalities Shared sense of place Local origins Favorable external environment Parity among participants Long time frame for operation

4) Give the positive and negative effects of beurecracy.

Villa,Ruth Grace R. TF 1:30-3:00pm

Bureaucracy is a form of government that allows important decisions to be made by state officials. This means that the people in charge are not elected representatives that are chosen by the people, but rather very qualified and experienced people in whatever field is being dealt with. They are there to implement government policies and to put the laws and orders given by officials into play. There are many different view points and opinions on the subject of bureaucracy, let’s take a look at the arguments from both sides. THE ADVANTAGES OF BUREAUCRACY Economies of Scale Grouping jobs categorically by function breeds particular economies. Departments share resources efficiently. Bureaucratic structures require specialization of jobs leading to economies of scales as workers and employees function and work repetitively with increased efficiency, proficiency and productivity. Control With lots of management, a bureaucratic structure has a very strong boundary. Commands and expectations are all very clear and well communicated. Authority is not spread; instead this is centralized among employees. Job descriptions are specialized and detailed. Over time, bureaucracy establishes several rules in order to maintain its structure. Management is capable of monitoring outcomes that lends itself towards standard services and products as well as quality control. Mechanistic Exerting intense and tight control, bureaucracies tend to work like machines made up of different gears and cogs, every part functioning and serving entirely. This might sound dystopian, seeing organization working like machines but this is quite an advantage because this enables management to focus on coordinating effort and success. This approach works best in conventional environments. Humming along mechanically, order of bureaucratic organizations fit together with stability enabling companies to move relentlessly towards its set strategic goals.

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