? WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT ? IT IS AN UNPLANNED , , UNCONTROLLED AND UNINTENDED EVENT WHICH CAUSES INJURY TO A PERSON AND/OR DAMAGE /LOSS OF THE MATERIALS OR PROPERTY.
REPORTABLE ACCIDENT :
SEC.88 ,88A/ RULE 115 :
DEATH, BODILY INJURY PREVENTING FROM WORKING FOR 48 HRS, OR MORE, DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE AS SPECIFIED
DEATH OR ACCIDENT OF SERIOUS NATURE : MANAGER OF THE FACTORY SHALL SEND A NOTICE WITHIN 4 HRS. BY TELEPHONE, SPECIAL MESSENGER OR TELEGRAM & CONFIRMED BY SENDING REPORT IN FORM NO.24/24A WITHIN 12 HOURS .
IF IT IS OF MINOR CHARACTER ( DISABLING FOR 48 HRS OR MORE), WITHIN 24 HRS. AFTER EXPIRY OF THE PERIOD (48 HRS). NATURE
IN CASE OF DEATH /SERIOUS ACCIDENT :INFORMATION TO DISTRICT MAGISTRATE,OFFICER INCHARGE OF NEAREST POLICE STATION, NEAREST RELATIVES OF THE INJURED.
AS PER SURVEYS AND ACCIDENT STATISTICS : ACCIDENTS NATURAL NATU RAL CALA CALAMITIES MITIES 2%
MAN MADE ACC ACCIDENT IDENTS S
98%
CAUSES UNSAFE ACTS 80 %
UNSAFE CONDITIONS 20 %
INJURY FOUNDATION OF LOSS TIME INJURY 00.3% 08.0%
1
29
LOST TIME INJURY…
MINOR INJURY….
NO INJURY….
90.9% 300
UNSAFE ACT AND/OR UNSAFE CONDITION. CONDITION.
FOUNDATION OF TRIANGLE A PERSON SUFFERS A DISABLING INJURY PERSON WHO SUFFERS CAUSED BY UNSAFE ACT IN THE AVERAGE CASE HAS HADFROM AROUND 300 NARROW ( NO INJURY) SERIOUS INJURY ESCAPES AS A RESULT OF COMMITTING VERY SAME UNSAFE ACT.
LIKE WISE PERSONS ARE EXPOSED TO MECHANICALHAZARDS HUNDREDS OF TIMES BEFORE THEY SUFFER INJURY.
OCCURRENCE OF AN INJURY (DOMINO THEORY )
THIS ESSENTIALY IS A NATURAL CULMINATION OF SERIES OF EVENTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES THAT OCCUR IN A FIXED AND LOGICAL ORDER. ONE IS DEPENDENT OF ANOTHER AND ONE FOLLOWS ANOTHER THUS CONSTITUTING A SEQUENCE OF WHICH ACCIDENT IS MERELY A LAST FACTOR . IF THIS SEQUENCE IS INTERUPTED BY ELIMINATION OF ONLY A SINGLE FACTOR THE INJURY/ACCIDENT CAN NOT POSSIBLY OCCUR.
SOCIAL SOCIAL ENVI... ENVI. MANAGEMENT
FAULT OF OF PERSON
UA/ UC
ACCIDENT ACCIDENT
INJURY
ORIGINS
SYMPTOMS
CONTACT
LOSS
INJURY INJURY
: BECAUSE OF ACCIDENT
ACCIDENT ACCIDENT
: BECAUSE OF UA/UC OR BOTH
UA/UC UA/UC
: BECAUSE OF FAULTS ON THE PART OF PERSON
FAULT
: BECAUSE BECAUSE OF SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT THAT IS,
HUMANITIRIAN INCENTIVE FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS IS SUPPLEMENTED BY POWERFUL ECONOMIC FACTOR. THE DIRECT EMPLOYER COST OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS FORCOMPENSATIO FORCOMPENSATION N CLAIMS & FOR MEDIACL TREATMENT IS ONLY 1/5TH OF TOTAL COST WHICH THE EMPLOYER HAS TO PAY. IT IS LIKE AN ICEBERG HAVING ITS ONLY SOME PART OVER WATER SURFACE AND HIDING IT’S MAJOR PORTION BELOW THE WATER LEVEL.
COST OF ACCIDENT : DIRECT COST :COMPENSATION, :COMPENSATION, TREATMENT COST INDIRECT COST
LOST
TIME OF INJURED, LOST TIME OF OTHER EMPLOYEES, SUPERVISOR,SAFETY OFFICER,DOCTOR/MALE NURSE,SENIOR EXECUTIVES.
DAMAGE TO M/C, EQUIPMENT, REPAIR, DOWNTIME PRODUCTION LOSS GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES MORAL/IMAGE IN THAT AREA STRICT WATCH BY AUTHORITIES NEW RECRU RECRUITMEN ITMENT/TRA T/TRAINING INING,LOS ,LOSSOFSK SOFSKILLE ILLED D
WORKMEN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS / DISTURBED FAMILY LIFE
THREE REASON FOR ACCIDENT PREVENTION
ECONOMIC
: MANAGEMENT, WORKER & HIS FAMILY, SOCIETY
HUMANIT ARIAN
: WELLBEING OF HIS FOLLWMEN IS DUTY OF A PERSON/EMPLOYER
LEGAL
: STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS LAWS OF LAND
TEN AXIOMS – SELF EVIDENT TRUTHS OF ACCIDENT OCCURANCE
THE OCCURRENCE OF AN INJURY INVARIABLY RESULTS FROM A COMPLETED SEQUENCE OF FACTORS – FACTORS – THE LAST ONE OF THESE BEING THE
ACCIDENT ITSELF. THE ACCIDENT IN TURN IS INVARIABLY CAUSED OR PERMITTED DIRECTLY BY THE UNSAFE ACT OF ACT OF
A PERSON AND/OR AND/OR A MECHANICAL OR PHYSICAL HAZARD.
ACTS OF PERSON ARE RESPONSIBLE THE UNSAFE ACTS FOR MAJORITY OF ACCIDENTS.
THE PERSON WHO SUFFERS A DISABLING DISABLING INJURY CAUSED BY AN UNSAFE ACT, IN THE AVERAGE CASE HAS HAD OVER 300 NARROW ESCAPES FROM ESCAPES FROM SERIOUS INJURY AS A RESULT OF COMMITTING THE VERY SAME UNSAFE ACT. LIKEWISE, PERSONS ARE EXPOSED TO MECHANICAL HAZARDS HUNDREDS HUNDREDS OF TIMES BEFORE THEY SUFFER INJURY.
THE SEVERITY OF AN INJURY IS LARGELY FORTUITOUS THE OCCURRENCE OF OCCURRENCE OF THE ACCIDENT THAT RESULTS IN INJURY WHICH IS LARGELY PREVENTABLE.
THE FOUR BASIC MOTIVES MOTIVES OR THE REASONS FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF UNSAFE ACTS (FAULTS) PROVIDE A GUIDE TO THE (FAULTS) SELECTION OF OF APPROPRIATE CORRECTIVE MEASURES.
FOUR BASIC METHODS METHODS ARE AVAILABLE FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS – ENGINEERING REVISION, PERSUASION AND APPEAL, PERSONNEL ADJUSTMENT AND ADJUSTMENT AND DISCIPLINE METHODS OF MOST VALUE IN ACCIDENT PREVENTION ARE ANALOGOUS WITH THE METHODS REQUIRED FOR THE QUALITY, COST AND QUANTITY OF PRODUCTION.
MANAGEMENT HAS THE BEST OPPORTUNITY AND
ABILITY TO INITIATE THE WORK OF PREVENTION;
THEREFORE IT SHOULD ASSUME THE RESPONSIBILITY.
THE SUPERVISOR OR FOREMAN IS THE KEY MAN IN INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT MAN PREVENTION. HIS APPLICATION APPLICATION OF THE ART OF SUPERVIS ION TO THE CONTROL CONTROL THE WORKER PERFORMANCE IS THE FACTOR OF GREATEST GREATEST INFLUENCE IN SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT PREVENTION.
A) THE HUMANITARIAN INCENTIVE FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTAL INJURY IS SUPPLEMENTED BY TWO POWERFUL ECONOMIC FACTORS :
B) THE SAFE ESTABLISHMENT IS EFFICIENT B) THE PRODUCTIVELY AND THE UNSAFE ESTABLISHMENT
IS INEFFICIENT.
THE DIRECT EMPLOYMENT COST OF THE INDUSTRIAL INJURIES FOR COMPENSATION CLAIMS AND FOMEDICAL TREATMENT IS JUST ONE – FIFTH OF THE TOTAL COST WHICH THE EMPLOYER MUST PAY. .
withoutthe the without requisite training requisite training
Accident/Incident Theory Over Load •Pressure •Fatigue •Motivation •Drugs •Worry
Ergonomic Traps
Incompatible workstation Human Error
System Failure •Policy •Responsibility •Training
••Inspection Correction
Accident Injury/Damage
Decisions to Err Misjudgment to the risk Unconscious desire to Err
Avoiding Avoiding Safety… Safety… •• Loss Lossof ofMaterial Material •• Loss Lossof ofProduction Production •• Damage Damageto toProperty Property •• Disability(Temp/Permanent) Disability(Temp/Permanent) Amountpaid paidfor forCompensation Compensation •• Amount •• Amount Amountpaid paidfor forMedical MedicalExpenses Expenses •• Occupational OccupationalIllness Illness
Other Consequences…
Time Lost From Work By Injured
Time Lost By Fellow Employees
Time Lost By Supervisors
Loss due to Overtime
Cost To Hire New Employee
Break-in Time For New Employee
Company image
Social Costs
Employees Morale
Absenteeism
FACTORS IMPEDING SAFETY
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTOR :
TECHNICAL FACTORS :
ADMINSTRATIVE FACTORS :
PERSONAL FACTORS ;
CULTURAL & SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS :
LEGAL FACTORS :
JOB CLIMATE AND ITS DEFECT ON ATTITUDE:
ATTITUDE
OTHER FACTORS
IN SPITE OF ALL THIS, CHECK WITH FOLLOWING …..IS …..IS IT TRUE OR FALSE TO SAY THAT,
• ACCIDENTS HAPPEN. THEY ARE INEVITABLE ! • IF A WORKER IS DESTINED TO MEET WITH AN ACCIDENT NO MORTAL EFFORTS CAN SAVE HIM…. • WHERE THERE ARE HUGE MACHINERIES AND FAST MOVING PRODUCTION LINES ACCIDENTS ARE INEVITABLE……..
• PRODUCTION AND SAFETY DO NOT GO TOGETHER. YOU CAN HAVE PRODUCTION ONLY AT THE COST OF SAFETY.
NOVICES. • SAFETY RULES ARE FOR NEW COMERS AND NOVICES.
I KNOW IT WONT HAPPEN TO ME. I HAVE DONE THAT WAY SO OFTEN.
A WILLING WORKER WILL MEET WITH AN ACCIDENT – NOT THE IDLER
A LAZY WORKER IS ALWAYS SAFE. IT NEEDS A REAL HE-MAN TO FACE IT.
IT IS COWARDLY TO BE AFRAID OF ACCIDENTS AND HIDE YOURSELF BEHIND
SAFETY APPLIANCES OF GUARDS. IT OS BETTER TO DIE A HERO’S DEATH.
SAFETY RULES ARE MANEGEMENT BABY. WHY SHOULD WE BOTHER!!
MAINTAINING SAFETY IS MANAGERIAL FUCTION
And Finally…
• S -
Management Systems
• A • F • E -
Proper Attitude Understand Fundamentals
• T • Y
Experience Time to do things safely Your Participation