AISI 1040
Content
AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
Topics Covered
Introduction Chemical Composition Physical Properties Mechanical Properties Thermal Properties Other Designations Fabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability Forming Welding Heat Treatment Forging Hot Working Cold Working Annealing Tempering Hardening Applications
Introduction
AISI 1040 carbon steel has high carbon content and can be hardened by heat treatment followed by quenching and tempering to achieve 150 to 250 ksi tensile strength. The following datasheet gives an overview of AISI 1040 carbon steel.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of AISI 1040 carbon steel.
Element Iron, Fe Manganese, Mn Carbon, C Sulfur, S Phosphorous, P Content (%) 98.6-99 0.60-0.90 0.370-0.440 ≤ 0.050 ≤ 0.040
Physical Properties
The physical properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are tabulated below.
Properties Metric Imperial
Density (chemical composition of 0.435% C, 0.69% Mn, 0.20% Si, annealed at 860°C (1580°F)) 7.845 g/cc 0.2834 lb/in³ Melting point 1521°C 2770°C
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are outlined in the following table.
Properties Tensile strength Yield strength Bulk modulus (typical for steels) Shear modulus (typical for steels) Metric 620 MPa 415 MPa 140 GPa 80 GPa Imperial 89900 psi 60200 psi 20300 ksi 11600 ksi
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AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
Elastic modulus Poisson’s ratio Elongation at break (in 50 mm) Reduction of area Hardness, Brinell Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) Hardness, Rockwell C (converted from Brinell hardness. Value below normal HRC range, for comparison purposes only) Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) Izod impact (annealed at 790°C (1450°F)) Izod impact (as rolled) Izod impact (normalized at 900°C (1650°F)
190-210 GPa 27557-30458 ksi 0.27-0.30 25% 50% 201 223 93 13 211 45 J 49 J 65 J 0.27-0.30 25% 50% 201 223 93 13 211 33.2 ft-lb 36.1 ft-lb 47.9 ft-lb
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are given in the following table.
Properties Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-100°C/68-212°F, composition of 0.40% C, 0.11% Mn, 0.01% P, 0.03% S, 0.03% Si, 0.03% Cu) Thermal conductivity (@ 100°C/212°F) Thermal conductivity (@ 0°C) Metric 11.3 µm/m°C Imperial 6.28 µin/in°F
50.7 W/mK 352 BTU in/hr.ft².°F 51.9 W/mK 360 BTU in/hr.ft².°F
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to AISI 1040 carbon steel include: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ASTM A29 (1040) ASTM A510 (1040) ASTM A513 ASTM A519 (1040) ASTM A546 (1040) ASTM A576 (1040) ASTM A682 (1040) ASTM A827 ASTM A830 MIL S-11310 (CS 1040) MIL S-16788 MIL S-46070 SAE J1397 (1040) SAE J403 (1040) SAE J412 (1040)
Fabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability
The machinability rating of AISI 1040 carbon steel is 60.
Forming
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be formed in the annealed condition.
Welding
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AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be welded using all welding techniques. It can be pre-heated at 149 to 260°C (300 to 500°F) and post-heated at 594 to 649°C (1100 to 1200°F) due to its high carbon content.
Heat Treatment
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be heat treated at 844 to 899°C (1550 to 1650°F) followed by quenching in water and tempering.
Forging
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be forged at 982 to 1260°C (1800 to 2300°F).
Hot Working
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be hot worked from 94 to 483°C (200 to 900°F ).
Cold Working
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be cold worked in the annealed state using conventional methods.
Annealing
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be annealed at temperatures ranging from 872 to 983°C (1600 to 1800°F). It can be then slowly cooled in the furnace. Stress relief annealing process can be performed at a temperature of about 594°C (1100°F). Normalizing treatment can also be performed at 899°C (1650°F) followed by cooling slowly.
Tempering
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be tempered at 316 to 705°C (600 to 1300°F) based on the desired strength.
Hardening
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be hardened by performing cold working process.
Applications
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be used in couplings, crankshafts, and cold headed
Date Added: Aug 23, 2012 | Updated: Jun 11, 2013
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AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
Topics Covered
Introduction Chemical Composition Physical Properties Mechanical Properties Thermal Properties Other Designations Fabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability Forming Welding Heat Treatment Forging Hot Working Cold Working Annealing Tempering Hardening Applications
Introduction
AISI 1040 carbon steel has high carbon content and can be hardened by heat treatment followed by quenching and tempering to achieve 150 to 250 ksi tensile strength. The following datasheet gives an overview of AISI 1040 carbon steel.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of AISI 1040 carbon steel.
Element Iron, Fe Manganese, Mn Carbon, C Sulfur, S Phosphorous, P Content (%) 98.6-99 0.60-0.90 0.370-0.440 ≤ 0.050 ≤ 0.040
Physical Properties
The physical properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are tabulated below.
Properties Metric Imperial
Density (chemical composition of 0.435% C, 0.69% Mn, 0.20% Si, annealed at 860°C (1580°F)) 7.845 g/cc 0.2834 lb/in³ Melting point 1521°C 2770°C
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are outlined in the following table.
Properties Tensile strength Yield strength Bulk modulus (typical for steels) Shear modulus (typical for steels) Metric 620 MPa 415 MPa 140 GPa 80 GPa Imperial 89900 psi 60200 psi 20300 ksi 11600 ksi
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AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
Elastic modulus Poisson’s ratio Elongation at break (in 50 mm) Reduction of area Hardness, Brinell Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) Hardness, Rockwell C (converted from Brinell hardness. Value below normal HRC range, for comparison purposes only) Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) Izod impact (annealed at 790°C (1450°F)) Izod impact (as rolled) Izod impact (normalized at 900°C (1650°F)
190-210 GPa 27557-30458 ksi 0.27-0.30 25% 50% 201 223 93 13 211 45 J 49 J 65 J 0.27-0.30 25% 50% 201 223 93 13 211 33.2 ft-lb 36.1 ft-lb 47.9 ft-lb
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of AISI 1040 carbon steel are given in the following table.
Properties Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-100°C/68-212°F, composition of 0.40% C, 0.11% Mn, 0.01% P, 0.03% S, 0.03% Si, 0.03% Cu) Thermal conductivity (@ 100°C/212°F) Thermal conductivity (@ 0°C) Metric 11.3 µm/m°C Imperial 6.28 µin/in°F
50.7 W/mK 352 BTU in/hr.ft².°F 51.9 W/mK 360 BTU in/hr.ft².°F
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to AISI 1040 carbon steel include: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ASTM A29 (1040) ASTM A510 (1040) ASTM A513 ASTM A519 (1040) ASTM A546 (1040) ASTM A576 (1040) ASTM A682 (1040) ASTM A827 ASTM A830 MIL S-11310 (CS 1040) MIL S-16788 MIL S-46070 SAE J1397 (1040) SAE J403 (1040) SAE J412 (1040)
Fabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability
The machinability rating of AISI 1040 carbon steel is 60.
Forming
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be formed in the annealed condition.
Welding
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AISI 1040 Carbon Steel (UNS G10400)
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be welded using all welding techniques. It can be pre-heated at 149 to 260°C (300 to 500°F) and post-heated at 594 to 649°C (1100 to 1200°F) due to its high carbon content.
Heat Treatment
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be heat treated at 844 to 899°C (1550 to 1650°F) followed by quenching in water and tempering.
Forging
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be forged at 982 to 1260°C (1800 to 2300°F).
Hot Working
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be hot worked from 94 to 483°C (200 to 900°F ).
Cold Working
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be cold worked in the annealed state using conventional methods.
Annealing
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be annealed at temperatures ranging from 872 to 983°C (1600 to 1800°F). It can be then slowly cooled in the furnace. Stress relief annealing process can be performed at a temperature of about 594°C (1100°F). Normalizing treatment can also be performed at 899°C (1650°F) followed by cooling slowly.
Tempering
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be tempered at 316 to 705°C (600 to 1300°F) based on the desired strength.
Hardening
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be hardened by performing cold working process.
Applications
AISI 1040 carbon steel can be used in couplings, crankshafts, and cold headed
Date Added: Aug 23, 2012 | Updated: Jun 11, 2013
parts.
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