April 2014 Employment - Bureau of Labor Statistics

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April 2014 Employment - Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Content

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, May 2, 2014

USDL-14-0701

Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:

(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — APRIL 2014
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 288,000, and the unemployment rate fell by 0.4
percentage point to 6.3 percent in April, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment
gains were widespread, led by job growth in professional and business services, retail trade, food
services and drinking places, and construction.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
April 2012 – April 2014

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month
change, seasonally adjusted, April 2012 – April 2014

Percent
9.0

Thousands
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
A pr-12

Jul-12

Oct-12

Jan-13

A pr-13

Jul-13

Oct-13

Jan-14

A pr-14

Apr-12

Jul-12

Oct-12

Jan-13

Apr-13

Jul-13

Oct-13

Jan-14

Apr-14

Household Survey Data
In April, the unemployment rate fell from 6.7 percent to 6.3 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons, at 9.8 million, decreased by 733,000. Both measures had shown little movement over the prior
4 months. Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons declined by 1.2
percentage points and 1.9 million, respectively. (See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, unemployment rates declined in April for adult men (5.9 percent),
adult women (5.7 percent), teenagers (19.1 percent), whites (5.3 percent), blacks (11.6 percent), and
Hispanics (7.3 percent). The jobless rate for Asians was 5.7 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little
changed over the year. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In April, the number of unemployed reentrants and new entrants declined by 417,000 and 126,000,
respectively. (Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were not in the labor force prior to
beginning their job search, and new entrants are persons who have never worked.) The number of job
losers and persons who completed temporary jobs decreased by 253,000 to 5.2 million. (See
table A-11.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) declined by 287,000 in
April to 3.5 million; these individuals accounted for 35.3 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12
months, the number of long-term unemployed has decreased by 908,000. (See table A-12.)
The civilian labor force dropped by 806,000 in April, following an increase of 503,000 in March. The
labor force participation rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 62.8 percent in April. The participation
rate has shown no clear trend in recent months and currently is the same as it was this past October. The
employment-population ratio showed no change over the month (58.9 percent) and has changed little
over the year. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 7.5 million in April. These individuals were
working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time
work. (See table A-8.)
In April, 2.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down slightly from a year
earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and
were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not
counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
(See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 783,000 discouraged workers in April, little changed from
a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently
looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons
marginally attached to the labor force in April had not searched for work for reasons such as school
attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 288,000 in April. Job growth had averaged 190,000
per month over the prior 12 months. In April, employment growth was widespread, led by gains in
professional and business services, retail trade, food services and drinking places, and construction. (See
table B-1.)
Professional and business services added 75,000 jobs in April. Employment in this industry had
increased by an average of 55,000 per month over the prior 12 months. In April, employment growth
continued in temporary help services (+24,000), in management of companies and enterprises
(+12,000), and in computer systems design and related services (+9,000).
Retail trade employment rose by 35,000 in April. Over the past 12 months, employment in this industry
has grown by 327,000. Within retail trade, job growth over the month occurred in food and beverage
stores (+9,000), general merchandise stores (+8,000), motor vehicle and parts dealers (+6,000), and

-2-

nonstore retailers (+4,000). Electronics and appliance stores lost 11,000 jobs in April. Wholesale trade
added 16,000 jobs over the month and has added 126,000 jobs over the year.
In April, employment rose in food services and drinking places (+33,000), about in line with its prior
12-month average gain of 28,000 per month.
In April, employment in construction grew by 32,000, with job growth in heavy and civil engineering
construction (+11,000) and residential building (+7,000). Construction has added 189,000 jobs over the
past year, with almost three-fourths of the gain occurring in the past 6 months.
Health care employment increased by 19,000 in April, about in line with the prior 12-month average
gain of 17,000 per month. Employment in other services, which includes membership associations and
personal and laundry services, rose by 15,000 over the month.
Mining added 10,000 jobs in April, with most of the gain in support activities for mining (+7,000).
Employment in other major industries, including manufacturing, transportation and warehousing,
information, financial activities, and government, changed little over the month.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5 hours in
April. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.2 hour in April to 40.8 hours, and factory overtime
was unchanged at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
In April, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls were unchanged at
$24.31. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 1.9 percent. In April, average
hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees edged up by 3 cents to
$20.50. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for February was revised from +197,000 to +222,000,
and the change for March was revised from +192,000 to +203,000. With these revisions, employment
gains in February and March were 36,000 higher than previously reported.
_____________
The Employment Situation for May is scheduled to be released on Friday, June 6, 2014, at 8:30
a.m. (EDT).

-3-

Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Data
Effective with the release of July 2014 data on August 1, 2014, the establishment survey will
implement new sample units into production on a quarterly basis, replacing the current practice
of implementing new sample units annually. There is no change to the establishment survey
sample design. More information about the quarterly sample implementation is available at
www.bls.gov/ces/cesqsi.htm.

-4-

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Change from:
Mar. 2014Apr. 2014

Apr.
2014

Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

245,175
155,359
63.4
143,676
58.6
11,683
7.5
89,815

247,085
155,724
63.0
145,266
58.8
10,459
6.7
91,361

247,258
156,227
63.2
145,742
58.9
10,486
6.7
91,030

247,439
155,421
62.8
145,669
58.9
9,753
6.3
92,018

181
-806
-0.4
-73
0.0
-733
-0.4
988

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)........................................... .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .

7.5
7.1
6.6
23.7
6.6
13.1
5.1
9.0

6.7
6.4
5.9
21.4
5.8
12.0
6.0
8.1

6.7
6.2
6.2
20.9
5.8
12.4
5.4
7.9

6.3
5.9
5.7
19.1
5.3
11.6
5.7
7.3

-0.4
-0.3
-0.5
-1.8
-0.5
-0.8

-0.6

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. .

6.1
11.5
7.5
6.3
3.9

5.5
9.8
6.4
6.2
3.4

5.4
9.6
6.3
6.1
3.4

5.2
8.9
6.3
5.7
3.3

-0.2
-0.7
0.0
-0.4
-0.1

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .

6,367
857
3,131
1,268

5,448
823
2,997
1,229

5,489
815
3,037
1,169

5,236
784
2,620
1,043

-253
-31
-417
-126

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .

2,491
2,844
1,969
4,360

2,373
2,568
1,615
3,849

2,461
2,581
1,677
3,739

2,447
2,359
1,533
3,452

-14
-222
-144
-287

Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . ....................................... .

7,929
5,124
2,549
18,921

7,186
4,251
2,692
19,027

7,411
4,512
2,731
19,216

7,465
4,555
2,669
18,886

54
43
-62
-330

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .

2,347
835

2,303
755

2,168
698

2,160
783




- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

203
188
-11
-3
-2
-6
0
-0.7
-6
199
5.7
22.6
5.7
-6
10
72
22.0
51
44.1
33
4
15

222
201
48
4
24
20
17
11.8
3
153
14.7
-5.6
-4.9
-11
10
82
25.4
32
23.8
35
1
21

203
202
29
5
17
7
14
0.4
-7
173
4.4
24.8
12.0
-1
0
52
24.7
37
31.0
34
7
1

288
273
53
9
32
12
11
5.2
1
220
15.7
34.5
11.3
-3
6
75
24.0
40
27.9
28
15
15

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49.4
48.0
82.6

49.4
48.0
82.7

49.4
48.0
82.7

49.4
48.0
82.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34.4
$23.86
$820.78
98.0
-0.2
111.6
0.1

34.3
$24.29
$833.15
99.4
-0.1
115.2
0.2

34.5
$24.31
$838.70
100.1
0.7
116.2
0.9

34.5
$24.31
$838.70
100.4
0.3
116.5
0.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33.7
$20.04
$675.35
105.8
-0.1
141.6
-0.1

33.4
$20.49
$684.37
106.6
-0.4
146.0
0.1

33.7
$20.47
$689.84
107.8
1.1
147.5
1.0

33.7
$20.50
$690.85
108.1
0.3
148.1
0.4

59.5
46.9

61.0
53.1

61.0
53.7

67.0
58.6

Category

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (264 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
2

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month.
Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on
employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay
for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically,
but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be
off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such
as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have
to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees
in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of
the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to
quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of
the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at
http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey
(CES; establishment survey). The household survey
provides information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census
Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses
and government agencies, representing approximately
554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and
earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls.
The
includes
approximately one-third of
active
sample
all nonfarm
payroll
employees.
For both
surveys,
the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the
calendar week.

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The
unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are
produced for the private sector for all employees and for
production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing
industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the
2012 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.



The household survey includes agricultural
workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.



The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.



The household survey is limited to workers 16
years of age and older. The establishment survey is
not limited by age.



The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure
any other changes that have taken place relative to May,
making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the
establishment survey, payroll employment in education
declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term
and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because
seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of
the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more
discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most
major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived
by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex
components; this differs from the unemployment estimate
that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by
combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age
categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the
establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus
90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would
range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These
figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this
interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero,
we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment
had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the
values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be
greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen
that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent,
the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change
in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the
unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time,
such as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all
respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information on a timely
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in
the collection or processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates
for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete
returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive
revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to

account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment
gains from business births. This is incorporated into the
sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting
sample units going out of business, but imputing to them
the same employment trend as the other firms in the
sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net
birth/death employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series
model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death
employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA
model was derived from the unemployment insurance
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough
proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also
incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over
the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total
nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a
range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

245,175
154,739
63.1
143,724
58.6
11,014
7.1
90,436
6,329

247,258
155,627
62.9
145,090
58.7
10,537
6.8
91,630
5,891

247,439
154,845
62.6
145,767
58.9
9,079
5.9
92,594
6,088

245,175
155,359
63.4
143,676
58.6
11,683
7.5
89,815
6,389

246,745
154,937
62.8
144,586
58.6
10,351
6.7
91,808
6,111

246,915
155,460
63.0
145,224
58.8
10,236
6.6
91,455
6,348

247,085
155,724
63.0
145,266
58.8
10,459
6.7
91,361
6,060

247,258
156,227
63.2
145,742
58.9
10,486
6.7
91,030
6,146

247,439
155,421
62.8
145,669
58.9
9,753
6.3
92,018
6,146

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118,296
82,201
69.5
76,029
64.3
6,172
7.5
36,095

119,395
82,586
69.2
76,718
64.3
5,868
7.1
36,809

119,488
82,104
68.7
77,086
64.5
5,018
6.1
37,384

118,296
82,713
69.9
76,270
64.5
6,443
7.8
35,583

119,103
82,323
69.1
76,723
64.4
5,599
6.8
36,780

119,218
82,662
69.3
77,060
64.6
5,602
6.8
36,556

119,306
82,597
69.2
76,808
64.4
5,789
7.0
36,709

119,395
83,052
69.6
77,416
64.8
5,636
6.8
36,343

119,488
82,586
69.1
77,292
64.7
5,294
6.4
36,902

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109,736
79,551
72.5
74,042
67.5
5,509
6.9
30,184

110,930
79,949
72.1
74,711
67.3
5,238
6.6
30,981

111,027
79,571
71.7
75,059
67.6
4,512
5.7
31,456

109,736
79,868
72.8
74,161
67.6
5,707
7.1
29,868

110,613
79,464
71.8
74,467
67.3
4,997
6.3
31,149

110,746
79,892
72.1
74,916
67.6
4,975
6.2
30,855

110,838
79,917
72.1
74,780
67.5
5,137
6.4
30,921

110,930
80,171
72.3
75,230
67.8
4,941
6.2
30,760

111,027
79,851
71.9
75,134
67.7
4,718
5.9
31,176

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

126,878
72,538
57.2
67,695
53.4
4,843
6.7
54,340

127,863
73,041
57.1
68,373
53.5
4,669
6.4
54,822

127,951
72,741
56.9
68,680
53.7
4,061
5.6
55,210

126,878
72,646
57.3
67,406
53.1
5,240
7.2
54,232

127,642
72,614
56.9
67,862
53.2
4,752
6.5
55,028

127,696
72,797
57.0
68,163
53.4
4,634
6.4
54,899

127,779
73,128
57.2
68,458
53.6
4,670
6.4
54,652

127,863
73,175
57.2
68,325
53.4
4,850
6.6
54,688

127,951
72,835
56.9
68,376
53.4
4,459
6.1
55,116

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118,612
69,833
58.9
65,533
55.3
4,300
6.2
48,778

119,669
70,402
58.8
66,170
55.3
4,232
6.0
49,267

119,760
70,100
58.5
66,452
55.5
3,648
5.2
49,660

118,612
69,764
58.8
65,148
54.9
4,616
6.6
48,847

119,433
69,831
58.5
65,617
54.9
4,214
6.0
49,602

119,497
70,023
58.6
65,909
55.2
4,114
5.9
49,475

119,583
70,331
58.8
66,183
55.3
4,148
5.9
49,252

119,669
70,361
58.8
66,008
55.2
4,352
6.2
49,309

119,760
70,037
58.5
66,057
55.2
3,980
5.7
49,724

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16,827
5,355
31.8
4,149
24.7
1,206
22.5
11,473

16,658
5,276
31.7
4,209
25.3
1,066
20.2
11,382

16,652
5,174
31.1
4,256
25.6
918
17.7
11,478

16,827
5,727
34.0
4,368
26.0
1,360
23.7
11,100

16,700
5,642
33.8
4,502
27.0
1,140
20.2
11,058

16,671
5,545
33.3
4,399
26.4
1,147
20.7
11,125

16,664
5,476
32.9
4,303
25.8
1,173
21.4
11,188

16,658
5,696
34.2
4,503
27.0
1,193
20.9
10,962

16,652
5,534
33.2
4,479
26.9
1,055
19.1
11,119

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

194,041
123,048
63.4
115,231
59.4
7,817
6.4
70,993

195,117
123,157
63.1
115,851
59.4
7,306
5.9
71,959

195,210
122,659
62.8
116,536
59.7
6,123
5.0
72,550

194,041
123,544
63.7
115,338
59.4
8,206
6.6
70,497

194,927
122,879
63.0
115,623
59.3
7,256
5.9
72,048

194,944
123,500
63.4
116,409
59.7
7,091
5.7
71,444

195,029
123,641
63.4
116,447
59.7
7,193
5.8
71,388

195,117
123,763
63.4
116,581
59.7
7,183
5.8
71,353

195,210
123,111
63.1
116,601
59.7
6,510
5.3
72,099

64,441
73.0
60,450
68.5
3,992
6.2

64,407
72.4
60,730
68.3
3,677
5.7

64,216
72.1
61,097
68.6
3,119
4.9

64,687
73.3
60,552
68.6
4,134
6.4

64,221
72.3
60,637
68.3
3,584
5.6

64,551
72.6
61,048
68.7
3,503
5.4

64,594
72.6
61,020
68.6
3,574
5.5

64,724
72.7
61,282
68.9
3,441
5.3

64,445
72.4
61,182
68.7
3,264
5.1

54,300
58.3
51,374
55.1
2,926
5.4

54,537
58.2
51,674
55.1
2,864
5.3

54,358
58.0
51,984
55.4
2,374
4.4

54,233
58.2
51,149
54.9
3,084
5.7

54,173
57.8
51,308
54.8
2,866
5.3

54,505
58.2
51,695
55.2
2,810
5.2

54,635
58.3
51,822
55.3
2,813
5.1

54,509
58.1
51,597
55.0
2,911
5.3

54,277
57.9
51,730
55.2
2,547
4.7

4,307
34.4
3,408
27.2
899
20.9

4,213
34.0
3,448
27.8
765
18.2

4,085
33.0
3,455
27.9
630
15.4

4,624
36.9
3,636
29.0
988
21.4

4,485
36.1
3,678
29.6
806
18.0

4,444
35.8
3,666
29.5
777
17.5

4,412
35.6
3,606
29.1
807
18.3

4,531
36.5
3,701
29.9
830
18.3

4,389
35.4
3,690
29.8
699
15.9

30,290
18,532
61.2
16,240
53.6
2,292
12.4
11,758

30,719
18,763
61.1
16,501
53.7
2,262
12.1
11,956

30,755
18,675
60.7
16,682
54.2
1,993
10.7
12,080

30,290
18,605
61.4
16,162
53.4
2,442
13.1
11,685

30,569
18,401
60.2
16,215
53.0
2,186
11.9
12,168

30,651
18,558
60.5
16,310
53.2
2,249
12.1
12,093

30,685
18,654
60.8
16,416
53.5
2,237
12.0
12,031

30,719
18,756
61.1
16,437
53.5
2,319
12.4
11,963

30,755
18,720
60.9
16,556
53.8
2,164
11.6
12,035

8,326
67.0
7,287
58.7
1,039
12.5

8,531
67.3
7,471
58.9
1,059
12.4

8,391
66.1
7,520
59.2
872
10.4

8,377
67.5
7,313
58.9
1,065
12.7

8,255
65.6
7,302
58.0
953
11.5

8,367
66.2
7,359
58.2
1,008
12.0

8,430
66.6
7,345
58.0
1,085
12.9

8,496
67.0
7,470
58.9
1,026
12.1

8,435
66.4
7,522
59.2
913
10.8

9,543
62.4
8,531
55.8
1,012
10.6

9,635
62.1
8,628
55.6
1,006
10.4

9,626
62.0
8,722
56.1
903
9.4

9,514
62.2
8,425
55.1
1,090
11.5

9,451
61.2
8,466
54.8
986
10.4

9,525
61.5
8,537
55.1
988
10.4

9,594
61.9
8,646
55.8
948
9.9

9,614
62.0
8,554
55.1
1,060
11.0

9,583
61.7
8,590
55.3
993
10.4

663
25.7
422
16.3
241
36.4

598
23.7
401
15.9
197
32.9

658
26.2
440
17.5
218
33.2

713
27.6
425
16.5
288
40.4

694
27.4
448
17.7
246
35.5

666
26.4
413
16.4
253
38.0

630
24.9
425
16.9
204
32.4

646
25.6
413
16.4
233
36.1

701
27.9
443
17.6
258
36.8

13,244

13,769

13,841













HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Apr.
2013
8,456
63.9
8,025
60.6
431
5.1
4,788

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

8,889
64.6
8,409
61.1
480
5.4
4,880

8,782
63.4
8,283
59.8
498
5.7
5,059

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013








Jan.
2014








Feb.
2014








Mar.
2014








Apr.
2014








1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.

2









HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

37,320
24,475
65.6
22,412
60.1
2,063
8.4
12,845

38,126
25,158
66.0
23,126
60.7
2,031
8.1
12,968

38,203
25,028
65.5
23,343
61.1
1,685
6.7
13,175

37,320
24,531
65.7
22,327
59.8
2,205
9.0
12,788

37,955
24,863
65.5
22,805
60.1
2,058
8.3
13,092

37,976
25,053
66.0
22,961
60.5
2,092
8.4
12,923

38,053
25,061
65.9
23,021
60.5
2,040
8.1
12,992

38,126
25,266
66.3
23,264
61.0
2,002
7.9
12,859

38,203
25,055
65.6
23,232
60.8
1,824
7.3
13,148

13,640
81.1
12,602
74.9
1,037
7.6

13,922
80.8
12,968
75.2
954
6.9

13,869
80.3
13,080
75.7
789
5.7











































9,796
58.2
9,062
53.8
734
7.5

10,200
59.2
9,342
54.2
857
8.4

10,136
58.7
9,462
54.8
674
6.6











































1,039
28.5
748
20.5
291
28.0

1,036
28.4
816
22.3
220
21.3

1,023
28.0
801
21.9
222
21.7











































The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11,072
45.1
9,810
39.9
1,262
11.4

11,150
45.7
10,011
41.0
1,139
10.2

10,946
44.9
10,006
41.0
940
8.6

10,960
44.6
9,696
39.5
1,264
11.5

10,748
43.7
9,699
39.4
1,049
9.8

11,004
44.5
9,953
40.2
1,051
9.6

11,154
46.2
10,056
41.7
1,098
9.8

11,199
45.9
10,128
41.5
1,071
9.6

10,891
44.6
9,925
40.7
965
8.9

High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36,224
58.7
33,614
54.5
2,610
7.2

36,214
58.5
33,759
54.5
2,455
6.8

36,050
57.9
33,890
54.4
2,160
6.0

36,252
58.8
33,551
54.4
2,702
7.5

36,242
58.0
33,677
53.9
2,565
7.1

35,924
58.1
33,593
54.3
2,331
6.5

36,108
58.5
33,792
54.7
2,316
6.4

36,392
58.8
34,106
55.1
2,286
6.3

36,089
58.0
33,830
54.3
2,258
6.3

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37,058
67.8
34,820
63.7
2,238
6.0

37,065
67.0
34,812
62.9
2,253
6.1

37,176
66.9
35,165
63.3
2,011
5.4

37,338
68.3
34,971
64.0
2,367
6.3

37,021
67.6
34,750
63.4
2,272
6.1

36,992
67.3
34,758
63.3
2,234
6.0

37,169
66.9
34,876
62.8
2,293
6.2

37,158
67.1
34,904
63.0
2,254
6.1

37,364
67.3
35,218
63.4
2,146
5.7

Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49,663
75.9
47,888
73.2
1,775
3.6

50,257
75.2
48,570
72.7
1,687
3.4

50,212
75.5
48,684
73.2
1,527
3.0

49,445
75.5
47,529
72.6
1,916
3.9

49,759
75.3
48,134
72.8
1,625
3.3

50,427
75.7
48,797
73.2
1,629
3.2

50,240
75.2
48,543
72.6
1,697
3.4

49,908
74.7
48,198
72.2
1,711
3.4

49,934
75.1
48,279
72.6
1,655
3.3

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Apr.
2013

Men
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Women
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21,467
11,185
52.1
10,492
48.9
693
6.2
10,282

21,239
10,727
50.5
10,124
47.7
603
5.6
10,512

19,247
9,766
50.7
9,139
47.5
627
6.4
9,481

18,992
9,337
49.2
8,815
46.4
522
5.6
9,655

2,220
1,420
63.9
1,353
61.0
66
4.7
800

2,247
1,390
61.8
1,308
58.2
81
5.8
857

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,804
2,256
80.5
2,086
74.4
170
7.5
548

3,019
2,403
79.6
2,240
74.2
163
6.8
615

2,245
1,874
83.5
1,732
77.1
143
7.6
371

2,444
2,019
82.6
1,885
77.1
134
6.6
425

558
381
68.3
354
63.4
27
7.2
177

575
385
66.9
355
61.7
30
7.7
190

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,425
2,850
83.2
2,693
78.6
157
5.5
575

3,421
2,764
80.8
2,635
77.0
129
4.7
658

2,738
2,337
85.4
2,198
80.3
139
5.9
401

2,704
2,246
83.0
2,144
79.3
102
4.5
458

687
513
74.6
495
72.0
18
3.5
174

717
518
72.2
491
68.5
27
5.2
199

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,916
3,135
31.6
2,915
29.4
220
7.0
6,781

9,476
2,755
29.1
2,620
27.7
134
4.9
6,721

9,538
3,009
31.5
2,799
29.3
210
7.0
6,529

9,120
2,659
29.2
2,536
27.8
123
4.6
6,461

378
126
33.4
116
30.7
10
8.3
252

356
96
26.9
85
23.8
11
11.6
260

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,322
2,944
55.3
2,798
52.6
146
5.0
2,378

5,323
2,805
52.7
2,629
49.4
177
6.3
2,518

4,726
2,545
53.9
2,409
51.0
136
5.3
2,181

4,724
2,414
51.1
2,251
47.6
163
6.8
2,310

596
399
66.9
389
65.2
10
2.6
197

599
391
65.3
378
63.1
13
3.4
208

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

214,659
141,712
66.0
131,871
61.4
9,840
6.9
72,948

217,259
142,440
65.6
134,317
61.8
8,123
5.7
74,819

94,424
71,577
75.8
66,284
70.2
5,293
7.4
22,847

95,940
71,995
75.0
67,700
70.6
4,295
6.0
23,945

120,236
70,134
58.3
65,588
54.5
4,547
6.5
50,101

121,319
70,445
58.1
66,617
54.9
3,828
5.4
50,874

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated
weighting procedures.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

Persons with no disability
Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

28,908
5,985
20.7
5,215
18.0
770
12.9
22,922

28,915
5,528
19.1
4,838
16.7
690
12.5
23,388

216,267
148,754
68.8
138,509
64.0
10,245
6.9
67,513

218,524
149,317
68.3
140,929
64.5
8,389
5.6
69,207

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,680
35.0
2,312
30.2
367
13.7
4,966

2,488
32.5
2,128
27.8
359
14.4
5,172

75,010
81.9
69,465
75.8
5,545
7.4
16,614

74,982
81.5
70,562
76.7
4,421
5.9
17,038

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,281
28.7
1,943
24.5
338
14.8
5,659

2,057
26.4
1,782
22.8
275
13.4
5,745

66,597
70.2
62,273
65.6
4,325
6.5
28,297

66,893
70.2
63,250
66.4
3,643
5.4
28,425

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

1,024
7.7
960
7.2
64
6.3
12,297

983
7.3
927
6.9
56
5.7
12,470

7,147
24.0
6,771
22.8
375
5.3
22,602

7,442
23.9
7,117
22.8
325
4.4
23,743

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity

Apr.
2013

Men
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Women
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

37,842
24,982
66.0
23,292
61.6
1,690
6.8
12,860

38,391
25,127
65.5
23,713
61.8
1,414
5.6
13,264

18,500
14,572
78.8
13,636
73.7
936
6.4
3,929

18,592
14,590
78.5
13,828
74.4
763
5.2
4,001

19,342
10,410
53.8
9,656
49.9
754
7.2
8,932

19,799
10,536
53.2
9,885
49.9
652
6.2
9,263

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

207,332
129,757
62.6
120,432
58.1
9,325
7.2
77,575

209,049
129,718
62.1
122,054
58.4
7,664
5.9
79,330

99,796
67,629
67.8
62,393
62.5
5,236
7.7
32,167

100,896
67,514
66.9
63,259
62.7
4,255
6.3
33,383

107,537
62,128
57.8
58,039
54.0
4,089
6.6
45,409

108,152
62,205
57.5
58,795
54.4
3,409
5.5
45,948

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

1,951
1,144
783
23
141,774
133,065
20,635
112,429
617
111,813
8,632
77

2,008
1,265
727
16
143,082
134,512
20,862
113,650
861
112,788
8,521
49

2,048
1,265
773
10
143,718
135,119
20,626
114,494
868
113,625
8,518
81

2,048
1,243
779

141,604
132,861
20,319
112,555

111,911
8,651


2,229
1,377
812

142,337
133,858
20,063
113,818

112,918
8,506


2,183
1,391
760

142,970
134,384
20,383
114,001

113,164
8,569


2,150
1,373
768

143,132
134,428
20,192
114,177

113,317
8,697


2,148
1,375
743

143,543
134,745
20,401
114,327

113,444
8,674


2,161
1,382
767

143,531
134,860
20,320
114,532

113,643
8,559


7,709
4,920
2,530
19,829

7,455
4,397
2,741
19,732

7,243
4,346
2,615
19,707

7,929
5,124
2,549
18,921

7,771
4,884
2,592
18,731

7,257
4,405
2,571
19,165

7,186
4,251
2,692
19,027

7,411
4,512
2,731
19,216

7,465
4,555
2,669
18,886

7,590
4,845
2,513
19,494

7,321
4,325
2,713
19,424

7,120
4,277
2,604
19,393

7,796
5,051
2,465
18,582

7,650
4,801
2,586
18,436

7,130
4,327
2,550
18,856

7,071
4,208
2,653
18,672

7,324
4,454
2,697
18,903

7,333
4,487
2,623
18,603

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

143,724
4,149
1,361
2,787
139,576
13,444
126,132
94,591
31,185
30,749
32,658
31,540

145,090
4,209
1,409
2,800
140,881
13,729
127,152
95,100
31,697
30,940
32,463
32,052

145,767
4,256
1,325
2,931
141,511
13,765
127,745
95,421
31,751
31,031
32,639
32,324

143,676
4,368
1,486
2,876
139,309
13,567
125,682
94,395
31,153
30,642
32,600
31,287

144,586
4,502
1,530
2,943
140,083
13,875
126,289
94,660
31,546
30,741
32,372
31,629

145,224
4,399
1,608
2,776
140,825
13,761
126,992
95,212
31,776
31,059
32,377
31,780

145,266
4,303
1,512
2,830
140,963
13,704
127,260
95,241
31,883
31,007
32,351
32,019

145,742
4,503
1,591
2,922
141,238
13,905
127,246
95,360
31,849
30,960
32,552
31,886

145,669
4,479
1,472
3,016
141,190
13,879
127,211
95,151
31,713
30,905
32,533
32,060

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76,029
1,987
607
1,380
74,042
6,877
67,166
50,543
16,837
16,666
17,040
16,623

76,718
2,007
621
1,385
74,711
7,099
67,612
50,730
17,144
16,619
16,967
16,882

77,086
2,027
571
1,457
75,059
7,099
67,960
50,903
17,132
16,674
17,097
17,056

76,270
2,109
660
1,439
74,161
6,990
67,102
50,568
16,898
16,657
17,013
16,534

76,723
2,257
743
1,489
74,467
7,097
67,400
50,626
17,007
16,610
17,009
16,774

77,060
2,144
762
1,369
74,916
7,032
67,769
50,926
17,123
16,760
17,043
16,843

76,808
2,028
673
1,375
74,780
7,005
67,731
50,810
17,218
16,613
16,980
16,921

77,416
2,186
706
1,481
75,230
7,223
67,961
51,101
17,340
16,706
17,055
16,860

77,292
2,159
644
1,516
75,134
7,206
67,875
50,909
17,185
16,657
17,066
16,966

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

67,695
2,162
755
1,408
65,533
6,567
58,966
44,048
14,348
14,083
15,618
14,918

68,373
2,203
788
1,415
66,170
6,630
59,540
44,370
14,553
14,321
15,496
15,170

68,680
2,228
754
1,474
66,452
6,666
59,786
44,518
14,619
14,357
15,542
15,268

67,406
2,258
826
1,436
65,148
6,577
58,580
43,827
14,255
13,985
15,587
14,753

67,862
2,246
787
1,454
65,617
6,778
58,888
44,034
14,539
14,131
15,363
14,855

68,163
2,255
845
1,407
65,909
6,729
59,223
44,286
14,653
14,299
15,334
14,937

68,458
2,275
839
1,455
66,183
6,700
59,529
44,431
14,665
14,395
15,371
15,098

68,325
2,317
885
1,441
66,008
6,683
59,285
44,259
14,509
14,254
15,497
15,026

68,376
2,320
828
1,500
66,057
6,672
59,336
44,242
14,528
14,247
15,466
15,094

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43,905
34,442
9,465

44,183
34,838
9,344

44,449
34,830
9,602

44,016
34,434


43,939
34,404


44,187
34,448


44,292
34,619


44,483
34,779


44,525
34,813


FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115,674
28,050

116,985
28,106

118,073
27,693

116,062
27,552

117,278
27,372

117,656
27,540

117,819
27,330

118,003
27,695

118,415
27,297

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,029
4.9

7,143
4.9

7,162
4.9

6,982
4.9

6,877
4.8

6,849
4.7

6,960
4.8

6,998
4.8

7,093
4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,342
9,415

5,462
9,249

5,384
9,290


9,430


9,317


9,329


9,465


9,417


9,326

1

Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11,683
1,360
559
808
10,323
2,046
8,174
6,384
2,492
1,885
2,008
1,810

10,486
1,193
399
765
9,293
1,938
7,313
5,712
2,334
1,674
1,704
1,585

9,753
1,055
418
634
8,698
1,642
6,984
5,431
2,251
1,593
1,588
1,569

7.5
23.7
27.3
21.9
6.9
13.1
6.1
6.3
7.4
5.8
5.8
5.5

6.7
20.2
23.8
18.3
6.2
11.1
5.6
5.8
6.9
5.4
5.1
5.1

6.6
20.7
21.9
19.8
6.1
11.9
5.4
5.6
6.8
5.0
5.1
4.5

6.7
21.4
21.8
21.0
6.2
11.9
5.5
5.8
7.0
5.1
5.1
4.6

6.7
20.9
20.1
20.7
6.2
12.2
5.4
5.7
6.8
5.1
5.0
4.7

6.3
19.1
22.1
17.4
5.8
10.6
5.2
5.4
6.6
4.9
4.7
4.7

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,443
736
296
447
5,707
1,141
4,493
3,500
1,384
1,008
1,107
994

5,636
695
238
442
4,941
1,103
3,815
2,967
1,194
871
902
848

5,294
576
236
333
4,718
982
3,710
2,865
1,215
831
819
845

7.8
25.9
31.0
23.7
7.1
14.0
6.3
6.5
7.6
5.7
6.1
5.7

6.8
21.1
24.6
18.9
6.3
11.8
5.7
5.8
7.0
5.3
5.0
5.3

6.8
22.6
23.0
22.0
6.2
12.9
5.5
5.7
6.9
5.0
5.2
4.6

7.0
24.3
25.0
24.2
6.4
13.4
5.6
5.8
7.0
5.2
5.3
4.7

6.8
24.1
25.2
23.0
6.2
13.2
5.3
5.5
6.4
5.0
5.0
4.8

6.4
21.1
26.8
18.0
5.9
12.0
5.2
5.3
6.6
4.8
4.6
4.7

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,240
624
263
361
4,616
906
3,681
2,885
1,108
876
901
800

4,850
498
162
323
4,352
835
3,498
2,745
1,140
803
802
734

4,459
479
182
301
3,980
660
3,274
2,566
1,036
761
769
721

7.2
21.6
24.2
20.1
6.6
12.1
5.9
6.2
7.2
5.9
5.5
5.1

6.5
19.3
23.0
17.6
6.0
10.4
5.5
5.7
6.7
5.4
5.2
4.9

6.4
18.7
20.9
17.6
5.9
10.9
5.3
5.5
6.6
5.1
4.9
4.6

6.4
18.7
19.1
17.6
5.9
10.3
5.4
5.7
7.1
5.0
4.9
4.5

6.6
17.7
15.4
18.3
6.2
11.1
5.6
5.8
7.3
5.3
4.9
4.7

6.1
17.1
18.0
16.7
5.7
9.0
5.2
5.5
6.7
5.1
4.7
4.6

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present..................... .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,042
1,593
1,086

1,744
1,538
923

1,617
1,404
897

4.4
4.4
10.3

3.8
4.5
8.7

3.8
3.9
9.1

3.8
4.2
9.1

3.8
4.2
9.0

3.5
3.9
8.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,925
1,749

8,881
1,581

8,206
1,500

7.9
6.0

6.8
5.9

6.9
5.1

7.0
5.6

7.0
5.4

6.5
5.2

1

Not seasonally adjusted.
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
3
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .

6,079
1,080
4,998
3,840
1,158
836
2,966
1,133

5,779
1,236
4,543
3,370
1,174
780
2,929
1,049

4,972
931
4,041
2,996
1,045
751
2,425
932

6,367
1,179
5,188
3,933
1,255
857
3,131
1,268

5,366
997
4,369
3,219
1,150
862
3,036
1,201

5,407
986
4,421
3,341
1,080
818
2,937
1,184

5,448
1,036
4,412
3,230
1,182
823
2,997
1,229

5,489
1,051
4,438
3,295
1,143
815
3,037
1,169

5,236
1,021
4,215
3,077
1,138
784
2,620
1,043

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .

55.2
9.8
45.4
7.6
26.9
10.3

54.8
11.7
43.1
7.4
27.8
10.0

54.8
10.3
44.5
8.3
26.7
10.3

54.8
10.1
44.6
7.4
26.9
10.9

51.3
9.5
41.8
8.2
29.0
11.5

52.3
9.5
42.7
7.9
28.4
11.4

51.9
9.9
42.0
7.8
28.5
11.7

52.2
10.0
42.2
7.8
28.9
11.1

54.1
10.5
43.5
8.1
27.1
10.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .

3.9
0.5
1.9
0.7

3.7
0.5
1.9
0.7

3.2
0.5
1.6
0.6

4.1
0.6
2.0
0.8

3.5
0.6
2.0
0.8

3.5
0.5
1.9
0.8

3.5
0.5
1.9
0.8

3.5
0.5
1.9
0.7

3.4
0.5
1.7
0.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Seasonally adjusted
Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,045
2,375
6,594
2,106
4,488

2,064
2,766
5,708
1,913
3,795

1,993
1,946
5,139
1,653
3,486

2,491
2,844
6,329
1,969
4,360

2,255
2,506
5,530
1,651
3,878

2,434
2,429
5,336
1,689
3,646

2,373
2,568
5,464
1,615
3,849

2,461
2,581
5,417
1,677
3,739

2,447
2,359
4,985
1,533
3,452

Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39.0
20.0

36.2
17.3

37.1
18.4

36.6
17.3

37.1
17.1

35.4
16.0

37.1
16.4

35.6
16.3

35.1
16.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18.6
21.6
59.9
19.1
40.8

19.6
26.2
54.2
18.2
36.0

22.0
21.4
56.6
18.2
38.4

21.4
24.4
54.3
16.9
37.4

21.9
24.4
53.7
16.0
37.7

23.9
23.8
52.3
16.6
35.8

22.8
24.7
52.5
15.5
37.0

23.5
24.7
51.8
16.0
35.8

25.0
24.1
50.9
15.7
35.3

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation

Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations......... . . . . . . . . . . ................................. .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Unemployed

Unemployment
rates

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

143,724
54,767

145,767
55,896

11,014
1,980

9,079
1,642

7.1
3.5

5.9
2.9

22,737
32,031
25,840
33,616
15,457
18,159

22,707
33,189
25,755
33,873
16,076
17,797

836
1,144
2,294
2,501
1,151
1,349

748
894
1,777
2,079
997
1,082

3.5
3.4
8.2
6.9
6.9
6.9

3.2
2.6
6.5
5.8
5.8
5.7

12,680
858
6,786
5,036

13,178
935
7,536
4,707

1,483
104
1,137
242

1,168
152
821
195

10.5
10.8
14.3
4.6

8.1
14.0
9.8
4.0

16,821
8,009
8,811

17,065
8,184
8,881

1,601
726
875

1,446
671
776

8.7
8.3
9.0

7.8
7.6
8.0

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing......... . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment
rates

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

11,014
8,608
73
1,077
963
583
379
1,484
355
152
515
1,259
983
1,327
420
110
715
447

9,079
7,105
39
796
790
441
349
1,225
372
175
470
1,062
826
1,047
304
151
581
310

7.1
7.1
6.1
13.2
6.4
6.2
6.7
7.4
5.7
5.4
5.4
8.1
4.4
9.6
6.7
9.1
3.3
4.5

5.9
5.8
3.8
9.4
5.2
4.6
6.1
5.9
6.0
5.7
5.0
6.8
3.7
8.0
4.8
11.0
2.7
3.2

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,
as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Dec.
2013

Jan.
2014

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014

Apr.
2014

4.3

3.7

3.3

4.1

3.6

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.2

3.9

3.7

3.2

4.1

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

7.1

6.8

5.9

7.5

6.7

6.6

6.7

6.7

6.3

7.6

7.2

6.3

8.0

7.2

7.1

7.2

7.1

6.7

8.5

8.1

7.2

8.9

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.0

7.6

13.4

12.8

11.8

13.9

13.1

12.7

12.6

12.7

12.3

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category

Apr.
2013

Men
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Women
Apr.
2014

Apr.
2013

Apr.
2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .

90,436
6,329
2,347
835
1,512

92,594
6,088
2,160
783
1,378

36,095
2,958
1,220
496
724

37,384
2,963
1,192
488
704

54,340
3,370
1,127
339
788

55,210
3,125
969
295
674

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4. . . . . . . . . ................................... .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,029
4.9
3,761
1,934
198
1,089

7,162
4.9
3,805
2,008
246
1,055

3,493
4.6
2,177
587
104
608

3,498
4.5
2,105
686
149
539

3,536
5.2
1,583
1,347
93
481

3,665
5.3
1,699
1,322
97
516

1

Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

135,911
113,617
18,458

136,192
114,047
18,383

137,136
114,881
18,556

138,288
115,990
18,807

135,885
114,010
18,669

137,761
115,908
18,924

137,964
116,110
18,953

138,252
116,383
19,006

Change
from:
Mar.2014 Apr.2014p
288
273
53

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

848
48.9
799.3
194.0
208.3
78.1
397.0

875
52.5
822.3
206.9
204.0
78.5
411.4

884
52.6
830.9
206.8
205.8
77.7
418.3

896
50.5
845.8
208.2
211.2
78.2
426.4

857
52.3
805.1
194.9
210.8
78.1
399.4

892
54.1
837.9
207.8
212.9
78.7
417.2

897
55.2
842.1
207.8
212.4
78.0
421.9

906
54.0
851.7
208.9
213.6
78.5
429.2

9
-1.2
9.6
1.1
1.2
0.5
7.3

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .

5,669
1,247.0
592.2
654.8
850.2
3,572.0
1,504.3
2,067.7

5,529
1,270.3
614.9
655.4
793.2
3,465.4
1,470.0
1,995.4

5,655
1,287.1
622.9
664.2
822.4
3,545.2
1,505.7
2,039.5

5,867
1,317.1
641.8
675.3
889.1
3,660.5
1,562.4
2,098.1

5,811
1,279.8
609.2
670.6
879.9
3,650.8
1,540.2
2,110.6

5,951
1,334.4
648.4
686.0
902.4
3,713.7
1,585.9
2,127.8

5,968
1,339.3
652.4
686.9
904.3
3,724.4
1,591.8
2,132.6

6,000
1,350.3
659.3
691.0
914.8
3,734.6
1,598.0
2,136.6

32
11.0
6.9
4.1
10.5
10.2
6.2
4.0

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11,941

11,979

12,017

12,044

12,001

12,081

12,088

12,100

12

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products1. . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,513
345.6
368.6
397.4
1,424.5
1,104.9
1,065.1
156.6
103.2

7,551
356.4
363.8
395.4
1,438.0
1,110.8
1,052.8
161.5
99.0

7,586
358.0
371.4
396.5
1,438.8
1,114.9
1,055.2
161.9
99.7

7,606
362.5
380.3
398.0
1,446.2
1,118.0
1,051.3
162.1
100.3

7,533
348.5
372.0
397.3
1,428.4
1,107.1
1,069.0
157.4
103.6

7,599
362.6
379.2
397.0
1,447.9
1,112.8
1,057.4
162.0
99.5

7,613
363.8
381.0
397.0
1,446.8
1,115.8
1,057.6
162.5
99.9

7,624
365.8
382.8
397.3
1,450.6
1,120.0
1,055.2
162.7
100.6

11
2.0
1.8
0.3
3.8
4.2
-2.4
0.2
0.7

373.9
393.0
373.4
1,500.5
810.9
355.6

369.5
384.7
375.6
1,524.4
845.0
357.9

367.9
387.7
375.8
1,533.8
850.9
362.8

365.8
384.7
377.6
1,530.9
851.2
364.5

375.2
394.0
375.0
1,499.1
808.6
356.7

370.5
386.8
376.7
1,524.0
843.8
363.0

368.7
388.2
377.8
1,526.5
844.2
364.7

367.2
386.1
379.2
1,529.4
849.4
365.2

-1.5
-2.1
1.4
2.9
5.2
0.5

576.9

576.2

578.5

576.6

579.7

578.4

581.5

578.9

-2.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,428
1,445.9
116.9
113.1
142.8
377.6
450.8
110.1
792.1
654.7

4,428
1,460.4
116.4
109.6
136.7
374.9
440.3
109.2
794.5
659.5

4,431
1,458.0
116.9
110.7
135.6
374.5
441.2
110.5
797.0
659.1

4,438
1,455.5
117.2
111.2
134.9
374.7
443.1
111.4
798.2
661.3

4,468
1,474.4
117.0
113.5
142.4
379.6
451.8
111.1
793.4
656.3

4,482
1,490.4
117.4
111.0
136.7
376.8
442.7
113.1
796.4
663.5

4,475
1,485.9
117.1
111.3
135.7
376.5
442.8
112.9
797.1
660.7

4,476
1,484.0
117.4
111.5
134.9
376.6
443.8
112.2
798.6
662.3

1
-1.9
0.3
0.2
-0.8
0.1
1.0
-0.7
1.5
1.6

223.7

226.1

227.8

230.4

228.1

233.7

234.6

234.7

0.1

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95,159

95,664

96,325

97,183

95,341

96,984

97,157

97,377

220

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25,500

25,771

25,877

26,048

25,718

26,171

26,215

26,274

59

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,704.5
2,853.4
1,971.2
879.9

896.0

897.1

904.0

882.3

903.9

902.1

906.5

4.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers1. . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14,801.7
1,778.2
1,127.2

14,940.8
1,808.8
1,154.2

15,002.9
1,822.6
1,157.6

15,122.0
1,842.5
1,162.1

14,967.0
1,778.0
1,127.9

15,234.6
1,833.2
1,162.4

15,259.4
1,835.7
1,162.0

15,293.9
1,841.4
1,162.6

34.5
5.7
0.6

See footnotes at end of table.

5,780.1
2,903.2
1,980.9

5,799.3
2,916.8
1,985.4

5,833.2
2,921.6
2,007.6

5,724.0
2,865.2
1,976.5

5,829.8
2,919.5
2,006.4

5,834.2
2,928.3
2,003.8

5,849.9
2,931.4
2,012.0

15.7
3.1
8.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Seasonally adjusted
Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Change
from:
Mar.2014 Apr.2014p

Retail trade - Continued
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

439.0
482.4

443.8
502.8

442.2
497.6

444.6
481.2

444.4
489.8

448.9
504.3

449.0
502.1

450.0
491.6

1.0
-10.5

1,236.7
2,881.8
1,009.0
852.0
1,327.3

1,172.8
2,953.6
1,003.0
855.0
1,344.4

1,206.9
2,958.4
1,008.1
859.3
1,339.9

1,262.8
2,971.7
1,006.5
866.6
1,356.0

1,193.7
2,910.9
1,015.3
858.9
1,379.8

1,222.4
2,985.1
1,009.2
871.7
1,398.9

1,218.9
2,993.4
1,015.1
873.1
1,397.8

1,221.7
3,002.4
1,013.8
873.7
1,408.3

2.8
9.0
-1.3
0.6
10.5

569.3
2,997.2
1,309.5
784.2
444.6

572.9
3,035.1
1,308.1
781.1
467.5

574.5
3,053.3
1,301.3
774.2
465.9

574.9
3,060.9
1,297.7
786.0
468.3

588.7
3,048.7
1,344.7
799.4
459.4

589.5
3,101.3
1,339.1
794.8
475.3

594.9
3,104.0
1,337.2
797.5
477.9

596.4
3,112.2
1,332.7
800.4
482.0

1.5
8.2
-4.5
2.9
4.1

4,442.4
448.8
232.8
65.0
1,364.7

4,502.7
450.8
231.8
65.6
1,355.1

4,525.0
455.2
232.7
65.3
1,367.7

4,543.9
453.3
234.1
66.9
1,386.4

4,475.5
448.5
232.5
65.9
1,380.7

4,557.2
453.4
233.1
67.5
1,390.4

4,569.2
455.9
233.2
66.7
1,394.7

4,580.5
452.7
233.6
67.6
1,401.5

11.3
-3.2
0.4
0.9
6.8

463.0
43.3
26.0
588.1
514.4
696.3

465.1
45.1
22.5
598.8
547.2
720.7

468.0
45.1
23.8
599.9
540.9
726.4

466.0
45.3
26.5
607.2
531.7
726.5

447.3
43.7
28.7
589.2
534.0
705.0

451.5
45.2
29.2
601.6
556.1
729.2

453.9
45.3
29.1
603.2
554.4
732.8

451.2
45.6
29.2
608.0
555.7
735.4

-2.7
0.3
0.1
4.8
1.3
2.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

551.1

547.3

550.2

548.7

551.9

549.8

551.7

549.6

-2.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,684
733.5

2,646
726.4

2,653
726.6

2,648
725.7

2,688
735.7

2,660
729.7

2,659
728.8

2,656
727.8

-3
-1.0

357.8
285.9
850.9

310.0
286.6
853.6

313.0
287.5
854.4

302.7
289.1
856.5

358.0
285.3
852.3

318.2
287.1
852.9

315.0
287.5
854.6

307.7
288.4
857.5

-7.3
0.9
2.9

266.5
189.8

267.2
202.4

267.9
203.7

268.7
204.8

265.5
191.5

268.7
203.7

268.0
205.1

268.1
206.4

0.1
1.3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .

7,834
5,858.6
17.7

7,861
5,872.8
18.1

7,869
5,868.6
18.0

7,889
5,862.3
18.0

7,863
5,870.7
17.9

7,910
5,880.8
18.3

7,910
5,875.9
18.2

7,916
5,874.3
18.2

6
-1.6
0.0

2,619.9
1,735.5
1,313.8

2,578.6
1,708.2
1,283.2

2,570.6
1,705.3
1,281.0

2,565.2
1,699.9
1,275.1

2,623.0
1,737.5
1,316.0

2,582.3
1,709.9
1,283.7

2,575.3
1,707.4
1,281.4

2,569.6
1,701.9
1,277.3

-5.7
-5.5
-4.1

860.4
2,360.6
1,975.8
1,439.4
513.4
23.0

868.9
2,407.2
1,988.1
1,450.5
515.6
22.0

871.2
2,408.8
2,000.1
1,457.2
520.8
22.1

870.1
2,409.0
2,027.1
1,471.3
533.8
22.0

862.4
2,367.4
1,991.8
1,447.6
521.0
23.2

870.5
2,409.7
2,028.7
1,473.6
532.9
22.2

871.3
2,411.1
2,033.8
1,478.1
533.4
22.3

871.8
2,414.7
2,041.9
1,480.0
539.7
22.2

0.5
3.6
8.1
1.9
6.3
-0.1

18,404
8,163.1
1,132.0
1,027.9
1,334.5

18,696
8,318.5
1,129.6
1,063.9
1,362.4

18,833
8,328.0
1,134.3
1,051.4
1,369.0

19,074
8,364.4
1,132.6
1,038.3
1,380.0

18,434
8,090.8
1,135.7
926.0
1,344.8

18,973
8,253.1
1,136.4
934.2
1,381.8

19,025
8,264.8
1,137.6
934.2
1,386.6

19,100
8,289.9
1,136.4
936.6
1,390.4

75
25.1
-1.2
2.4
3.8

1,682.0

1,730.8

1,729.1

1,744.6

1,686.9

1,735.9

1,739.4

1,748.3

8.9

1,161.7
2,073.6

1,195.5
2,107.2

1,201.5
2,113.6

1,212.6
2,123.5

1,165.4
2,084.1

1,206.3
2,119.7

1,211.0
2,121.7

1,216.0
2,133.6

5.0
11.9

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services1. . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Change
from:
Mar.2014 Apr.2014p

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8,167.5
7,796.6
3,202.5
2,548.3
838.5
1,865.2

8,269.8
7,902.0
3,358.8
2,685.6
861.2
1,764.3

8,391.6
8,021.0
3,425.5
2,739.5
858.3
1,801.9

8,585.8
8,210.3
3,486.5
2,794.6
855.4
1,923.1

8,259.4
7,884.2
3,274.5
2,612.1
844.8
1,867.9

8,599.9
8,223.6
3,495.8
2,806.8
860.4
1,926.8

8,638.0
8,259.7
3,530.5
2,831.5
861.1
1,923.3

8,676.6
8,297.3
3,558.1
2,855.5
862.4
1,925.2

38.6
37.6
27.6
24.0
1.3
1.9

370.9

367.8

370.6

375.5

375.2

376.3

378.3

379.3

1.0

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities1. . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21,222
3,509.8
17,712.0
14,456.8
6,446.1
2,421.0
672.5
1,225.4
4,793.4
3,217.3
1,654.0
3,255.2
868.8

21,388
3,514.8
17,873.5
14,578.9
6,570.5
2,464.9
703.7
1,257.2
4,781.3
3,227.1
1,640.8
3,294.6
868.0

21,486
3,541.4
17,944.1
14,626.9
6,599.0
2,473.9
706.3
1,267.3
4,793.0
3,234.9
1,643.4
3,317.2
876.3

21,553
3,567.1
17,985.5
14,652.6
6,619.6
2,477.8
710.4
1,272.6
4,788.8
3,244.2
1,649.7
3,332.9
878.3

21,040
3,345.1
17,695.1
14,470.0
6,450.8
2,427.9
672.5
1,224.1
4,799.0
3,220.2
1,656.0
3,225.1
845.2

21,290
3,378.5
17,911.9
14,627.6
6,592.4
2,471.9
704.1
1,263.9
4,790.1
3,245.1
1,651.0
3,284.3
852.3

21,327
3,384.1
17,942.9
14,649.5
6,612.4
2,477.6
706.8
1,270.6
4,793.2
3,243.9
1,647.9
3,293.4
853.5

21,367
3,396.5
17,970.8
14,668.2
6,625.0
2,483.2
710.3
1,273.1
4,794.9
3,248.3
1,651.5
3,302.6
853.5

40
12.4
27.9
18.7
12.6
5.6
3.5
2.5
1.7
4.4
3.6
9.2
0.0

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .

14,070
1,969.9
434.8

13,873
1,885.1
405.0

14,145
1,940.1
420.4

14,470
2,019.8
447.0

14,145
2,018.3
423.3

14,495
2,089.2
435.3

14,529
2,084.6
435.6

14,557
2,075.4
434.9

28
-9.2
-0.7

137.3
1,397.8
12,100.4
1,813.5
10,286.9

130.8
1,349.3
11,987.9
1,779.6
10,208.3

134.7
1,385.0
12,205.2
1,805.6
10,399.6

140.4
1,432.4
12,450.4
1,833.5
10,616.9

139.5
1,455.5
12,127.1
1,860.0
10,267.1

142.2
1,511.7
12,405.8
1,870.1
10,535.7

142.3
1,506.7
12,444.2
1,873.2
10,571.0

142.5
1,498.0
12,481.7
1,878.1
10,603.6

0.2
-8.7
37.5
4.9
32.6

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .

5,445
1,212.3
1,335.1
2,897.8

5,429
1,196.3
1,337.5
2,895.4

5,462
1,207.7
1,351.2
2,903.5

5,501
1,216.2
1,368.1
2,916.2

5,453
1,209.9
1,333.2
2,910.3

5,485
1,208.2
1,355.0
2,921.3

5,492
1,211.1
1,359.4
2,921.9

5,507
1,213.2
1,365.4
2,928.0

15
2.1
6.0
6.1

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .

22,294
2,795.0
2,187.5
607.9
5,211.0
2,558.8
2,651.8
14,288.0
8,106.3
6,181.3

22,145
2,702.0
2,115.5
586.6
5,188.0
2,539.5
2,648.5
14,255.0
8,087.0
6,167.8

22,255
2,703.0
2,115.6
587.1
5,210.0
2,557.6
2,651.9
14,342.0
8,148.2
6,193.6

22,298
2,718.0
2,118.9
598.7
5,221.0
2,566.4
2,654.1
14,359.0
8,139.0
6,219.8

21,875
2,791.0
2,190.2
600.6
5,053.0
2,399.7
2,653.1
14,031.0
7,767.8
6,263.6

21,853
2,718.0
2,129.4
588.6
5,066.0
2,407.4
2,658.2
14,069.0
7,779.8
6,289.1

21,854
2,711.0
2,123.4
587.8
5,061.0
2,403.9
2,657.4
14,082.0
7,786.6
6,295.6

21,869
2,708.0
2,119.4
588.6
5,062.0
2,405.5
2,656.1
14,099.0
7,798.6
6,300.4

15
-3.0
-4.0
0.8
1.0
1.6
-1.3
17.0
12.0
4.8

Industry

Professional and business services - Continued

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

34.4
40.3
43.2
39.0
40.7
41.1
40.0
33.3
34.5
38.5
31.4
38.6
42.2
36.6
37.2
36.0
32.7
26.1
31.8

34.3
40.2
45.0
38.1
40.8
41.3
40.1
33.1
34.3
38.7
31.1
38.6
42.2
36.9
37.1
36.1
32.5
25.8
31.6

34.5
40.6
45.5
39.1
41.0
41.4
40.4
33.3
34.4
38.9
31.2
38.6
42.3
37.0
37.2
36.3
32.6
26.2
31.8

34.5
40.5
44.1
39.2
40.8
41.3
40.1
33.3
34.4
38.8
31.2
38.7
42.1
36.9
37.1
36.2
32.8
26.2
31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. .

3.4
3.4
3.4

3.3
3.4
3.2

3.5
3.5
3.4

3.5
3.5
3.4

Industry

p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$23.86
24.98
29.12
26.04
24.18
25.56
21.78
23.60
20.92
27.60
16.61
22.23
34.88
32.82
30.00
28.48
24.35
13.43
21.24

$24.29
25.58
30.76
26.56
24.71
26.10
22.28
23.99
21.30
27.96
16.84
22.84
35.93
33.38
30.47
28.92
24.59
13.76
21.87

$24.31
25.61
30.88
26.50
24.75
26.13
22.35
24.00
21.34
28.05
16.88
22.86
35.66
33.67
30.59
28.94
24.58
13.73
21.72

$24.31
25.59
30.70
26.58
24.70
26.04
22.35
24.01
21.40
28.10
16.93
23.00
35.50
33.83
30.50
28.91
24.58
13.78
21.73

$820.78
1,006.69
1,257.98
1,015.56
984.13
1,050.52
871.20
785.88
721.74
1,062.60
521.55
858.08
1,471.94
1,201.21
1,116.00
1,025.28
796.25
350.52
675.43

$833.15
1,028.32
1,384.20
1,011.94
1,008.17
1,077.93
893.43
794.07
730.59
1,082.05
523.72
881.62
1,516.25
1,231.72
1,130.44
1,044.01
799.18
355.01
691.09

$838.70
1,039.77
1,405.04
1,036.15
1,014.75
1,081.78
902.94
799.20
734.10
1,091.15
526.66
882.40
1,508.42
1,245.79
1,137.95
1,050.52
801.31
359.73
690.70

$838.70
1,036.40
1,353.87
1,041.94
1,007.76
1,075.45
896.24
799.53
736.16
1,090.28
528.22
890.10
1,494.55
1,248.33
1,131.55
1,046.54
806.22
361.04
691.01

p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Percent
change
from:
Mar.
2014 Apr.
2014p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98.0
85.7
116.3
78.1
87.9
87.2
89.2
101.6
96.5
96.2
95.5
98.9
100.8
89.8
95.8
104.4
110.4
105.3
96.1

99.4
86.7
126.1
78.2
88.7
88.4
89.7
102.7
97.6
98.4
96.2
100.7
100.4
89.6
96.1
107.7
111.1
106.7
96.0

100.1
87.7
128.2
80.4
89.2
88.7
90.2
103.5
98.1
99.0
96.7
100.9
101.0
89.8
96.4
108.6
111.6
108.6
96.8

100.4
87.7
125.5
81.1
88.8
88.6
89.6
103.8
98.3
99.0
96.9
101.5
100.1
89.5
96.2
108.7
112.5
108.8
97.0

0.3
0.0
-2.1
0.9
-0.4
-0.1
-0.7
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.6
-0.9
-0.3
-0.2
0.1
0.8
0.2
0.2

1

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Percent
change
from:
Mar.
2014 Apr.
2014p

111.6
96.8
136.0
88.4
98.8
99.0
98.6
116.3
108.7
110.7
104.8
111.5
116.1
105.0
112.1
120.4
126.7
114.1
115.8

115.2
100.2
155.8
90.2
101.9
102.4
101.4
119.5
111.9
114.9
107.1
116.7
119.2
106.5
114.2
126.2
128.6
118.5
119.2

116.2
101.5
159.0
92.6
102.6
103.0
102.3
120.5
112.7
115.9
107.9
117.1
119.0
107.7
115.0
127.4
129.2
120.3
119.3

116.5
101.4
154.8
93.6
102.0
102.5
101.6
120.8
113.2
116.1
108.5
118.4
117.4
107.8
114.4
127.4
130.2
121.0
119.7

0.3
-0.1
-2.6
1.1
-0.6
-0.5
-0.7
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.6
1.1
-1.3
0.1
-0.5
0.0
0.8
0.6
0.3

The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)

Percent of all employees

Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .

67,171
54,692
4,111
118
741
3,252
1,738
1,514
50,581
10,391
1,693.3
7,513.3
1,048.5
136.3
1,068
4,542
8,186
16,176
7,362
2,856
12,479

68,065
55,590
4,151
119
754
3,278
1,751
1,527
51,439
10,602
1,725.7
7,669.7
1,072.5
134.0
1,068
4,543
8,467
16,351
7,536
2,872
12,475

68,165
55,685
4,154
119
758
3,277
1,751
1,526
51,531
10,628
1,719.9
7,694.2
1,079.9
134.1
1,069
4,536
8,493
16,375
7,550
2,880
12,480

68,331
55,838
4,162
121
759
3,282
1,754
1,528
51,676
10,660
1,726.4
7,718.1
1,081.6
133.4
1,068
4,538
8,535
16,408
7,577
2,890
12,493

49.4
48.0
22.0
13.8
12.8
27.1
23.1
33.9
53.1
40.4
29.6
50.2
23.4
24.7
39.7
57.8
44.4
76.9
52.0
52.4
57.0

49.4
48.0
21.9
13.3
12.7
27.1
23.0
34.1
53.0
40.5
29.6
50.3
23.5
24.4
40.2
57.4
44.6
76.8
52.0
52.4
57.1

49.4
48.0
21.9
13.3
12.7
27.1
23.0
34.1
53.0
40.5
29.5
50.4
23.6
24.3
40.2
57.3
44.6
76.8
52.0
52.4
57.1

49.4
48.0
21.9
13.4
12.7
27.1
23.0
34.1
53.1
40.6
29.5
50.5
23.6
24.3
40.2
57.3
44.7
76.8
52.1
52.5
57.1

p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........ . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .

94,175
13,437
632
4,391
8,414
5,175
3,239
80,738
21,762
4,608.9
12,838.7
3,869.2
444.8
2,178
6,056
15,229
18,462
12,495
4,556

95,814
13,641
655
4,503
8,483
5,230
3,253
82,173
22,119
4,707.0
13,026.7
3,940.4
445.2
2,155
6,098
15,735
18,697
12,802
4,567

96,008
13,675
658
4,520
8,497
5,243
3,254
82,333
22,153
4,710.4
13,043.8
3,952.2
446.1
2,154
6,097
15,789
18,731
12,832
4,577

96,275
13,743
665
4,556
8,522
5,264
3,258
82,532
22,197
4,737.4
13,055.8
3,959.0
444.9
2,154
6,108
15,866
18,762
12,858
4,587

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

33.7
41.2
45.5
39.6
41.8
42.1
41.2
32.4
33.6
38.6
30.1
38.5
41.8
35.9
36.7
35.3
32.2
25.0
30.8

33.4
40.8
47.5
38.4
41.5
42.0
40.9
32.2
33.2
38.5
29.6
38.0
42.1
36.2
36.6
35.3
31.9
24.8
30.6

33.7
41.5
47.8
39.5
42.0
42.4
41.4
32.4
33.5
38.7
29.9
38.4
42.0
36.1
36.8
35.5
32.0
25.2
30.8

33.7
41.4
47.3
39.7
41.9
42.3
41.2
32.4
33.6
38.6
30.0
38.5
41.9
36.1
36.6
35.5
32.1
25.2
30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. .

4.3
4.3
4.3

4.3
4.4
4.1

4.6
4.7
4.4

4.4
4.6
4.2

Industry

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$20.04
21.17
26.63
24.24
19.21
20.24
17.52
19.80
17.63
22.47
13.94
19.63
31.98
27.94
23.71
23.61
21.19
11.72
17.89

$20.49
21.46
26.72
24.56
19.48
20.54
17.72
20.28
18.17
23.26
14.23
20.28
32.96
28.70
24.45
24.13
21.53
11.94
18.36

$20.47
21.50
26.44
24.53
19.54
20.64
17.74
20.26
18.16
23.15
14.26
20.39
32.83
28.71
24.57
24.10
21.49
11.96
18.27

$20.50
21.55
26.53
24.66
19.53
20.63
17.72
20.28
18.24
23.29
14.30
20.52
32.75
28.89
24.57
24.07
21.49
11.96
18.32

$675.35
872.20
1,211.67
959.90
802.98
852.10
721.82
641.52
592.37
867.34
419.59
755.76
1,336.76
1,003.05
870.16
833.43
682.32
293.00
551.01

$684.37
875.57
1,269.20
943.10
808.42
862.68
724.75
653.02
603.24
895.51
421.21
770.64
1,387.62
1,038.94
894.87
851.79
686.81
296.11
561.82

$689.84
892.25
1,263.83
968.94
820.68
875.14
734.44
656.42
608.36
895.91
426.37
782.98
1,378.86
1,036.43
904.18
855.55
687.68
301.39
562.72

$690.85
892.17
1,254.87
979.00
818.31
872.65
730.06
657.07
612.86
898.99
429.00
790.02
1,372.23
1,042.93
899.26
854.49
689.83
301.39
564.26

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Industry

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Percent
change
from:
Mar.
2014 Apr.
2014p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

105.8
84.6
152.8
87.1
80.7
81.9
78.6
111.4
101.9
104.8
97.8
112.1
95.1
89.2
104.6
120.5
126.9
114.4
98.4

106.6
85.0
165.3
86.6
80.8
82.5
78.4
112.7
102.4
106.7
97.6
112.7
95.9
89.0
105.1
124.5
127.3
116.3
98.0

107.8
86.7
167.1
89.4
81.9
83.5
79.4
113.6
103.5
107.4
98.7
114.2
95.8
88.8
105.6
125.6
127.9
118.4
98.9

108.1
86.9
167.2
90.6
82.0
83.7
79.1
113.9
104.0
107.7
99.1
114.7
95.3
88.8
105.2
126.2
128.5
118.7
99.1

0.3
0.2
0.1
1.3
0.1
0.2
-0.4
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.4
-0.5
0.0
-0.4
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.2

1

Apr.
2013

Feb.
2014

Mar.
2014p

Apr.
2014p

Percent
change
from:
Mar.
2014 Apr.
2014p

141.6
109.7
236.7
114.0
101.4
103.4
97.3
151.3
128.2
138.7
116.9
139.6
126.9
123.4
152.6
169.3
177.4
152.3
128.3

146.0
111.8
256.9
114.8
103.0
105.8
98.2
156.7
132.7
146.2
119.0
145.0
131.9
126.5
158.0
178.8
180.8
157.7
131.1

147.5
114.2
257.0
118.4
104.7
107.6
99.5
157.9
134.0
146.4
120.7
147.8
131.3
126.1
159.7
180.2
181.4
160.9
131.6

148.1
114.7
257.9
120.6
104.7
107.8
99.0
158.4
135.3
147.7
121.5
149.3
130.3
126.9
159.1
180.8
182.3
161.2
132.3

0.4
0.4
0.4
1.9
0.0
0.2
-0.5
0.3
1.0
0.9
0.7
1.0
-0.8
0.6
-0.4
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.5

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary

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