Artificial Intellegence2

ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGENCE

ARTIFICIA
L

INTELLIGENCE

Objectives
Definition Of AI
 Brief history
 Approaches to AI
 Example systems
 Scope and Limitations


Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of
computer science that deals with intelligent behavior,
learning, and adaptation in machines

Artificial Intelligence
" IS

concerned with the design of Intelligence in Artificial

device"

History:


Term was coined by McCarthy in 1956.



Alan Turing is considered by many as father
of AI.



He devised the Turing Test (explained in
next slied)

Turing Test

APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Three major areas are:I

Cognitive Science Applications

II

Robotics Applications

III Natural Science Applications.

I Cognitive Science involves


Expert systems



Neural networks



Fuzzy logic



Genetic algorithm



Learning systems



Intelligent agents.

AREAS OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Expert systems
 Natural language (concerned with the
development of human language, computer
interfaces and with the translation of human
languages).
 Pattern recognition systems ( identify
patterns in visual, auditory and other
signals in data).


II Robotics

- is a technology of building
(robots)
with
computer

machines
intelligence
and humanlike physical capabilities.
 used for material handling like lifting,
moving the material, painting robots,
welding robots etc.
 Robots has the powers of sight, visual
perception,
touch,
tactile
capability,
dexterity, skill in handling, manipulation,
locomotion.

III Natural Science Applications


Speech recognition

 Development

of natural

languages
 Multisensory
 Virtual

interfaces

reality.

Uses of IA in different
sector
FINANCE


Banks use artificial intelligence systems to
organize operations, invest in stocks, and
manage properties.



Financial
institutions have
long
used artificial neural network systems to
detect charges or claims outside of the
norm,
flagging
these
for
human
investigation.

Medicine


A medical clinic can use artificial intelligence
systems to organize bed schedules, make a
staff rotation, and provide medical information.



Artificial neural networks are used
for medical diagnosis(such as in concept
processing
technology
in EMR
software),
functioning as machine differential diagnosis

Heavy industry




Roberts have become common in many industries. They
are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to
humans. Robots have proven effective in jobs that are
very repetitive which may lead to mistakes or accidents
due to a lapse in concentration and other jobs which
humans
may
find
degrading.
General
Motors
Corporation uses around 16,000 robots for tasks such as
painting, welding, and assembly. Japan is the leader in
using and producing robots in the world.
In 1995, 700,000 robots were in use worldwide; over
500,000 of which were from Japan.

Transportation


Fuzzy logic controllers have been developed
for automatic gearboxes in automobiles (the
2006 Audi TT, VW Toured and VW Caravel
feature the DSP transmission which utilizes
Fuzzy logic, a number of Skoda variants
(Skoda fabia) also currently include a Fuzzy
Logic based controller.

Vision systems
 Robotics ( industrial robots like welding,
painting robots).


EXPERT
SYSTEMS

ROBOTICS

NATURAL
LANGUAGE

AI

PATTERN
RECOGNI
TION

VISION
SYSTEMS

The Association for the
Advancement of Artificial
Intelligence

The Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence 





Founded in 1979
It is a nonprofit scientific society devoted to
advancing the scientific understanding of the
mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent
behavior and their embodiment in machines.
AAAI also aims to increase public understanding
of artificial intelligence, improve the teaching
and training of AI practitioners, and provide
guidance for research planners and funders
concerning the importance and potential of
current AI developments and future directions. 

Disadvantages of Artificial
Intelligence
Unemployment ->mental
depression
/
poverty and crime in the society.
 Human beings will be left with empty time.
 Intelligent
machines
fail
to
deliver
emotional aspects required in job
 Can never be Human
 Chances of overtaking…


Disadvantage


Some thinkers consider it ethically wrong to
create artificial intelligent machines.
According to them, intelligence is God’s gift
to mankind. It is not correct to even try to
recreate intelligence. It is against ethics to
create replicas of human beings.