•types of microorganisms •bacteria, •viruses, •Fungi, •protozoa, •Rickettsia.
that can be pathogenic
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization bacter
ia
F ungi
protoz oa virus es Rickett sia
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization
Infection:- Infection is the multiplication of an infectious agent within the body tissues that results in cellular injury .
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization
Infection:- Infection is the multiplication of an infectious agent within the body tissues that results in cellular injury . Colonization is the multiplication of microorganisms on or within a host that does not result in cellular injury However, microorganisms that are colonized on a host
may be a potential source of infection, especially if host susceptibility declines or the microorganism’s virulence increases.
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization
Normal Flora : are microorganisms on the human body. There are two types of flora: •resident •transient.
•Resident flora
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization
microorganisms that are always present, usually without altering the client’s health. •Hand washing with soap and water alone is not sufficient to remove resident flora; there must be considerable friction, which is created
Pathogens, Infection, and Colonization Transient flora: microorganisms that are episodic. They attach to the skin for a brief period of time but do not continually live on the skin. Transient flora are usually acquired from direct contact with the microorganisms on environmental surfaces. Hand washing with soap and water is an effective means of
Infecti on The chain of infection describes the
phenomenon of developing an infectious process. There must be an interactive process that involves the
•Agent, •Host,
Chain of infection
Agent , Host , Environment
Virule Organism’s degree nce of pathogenicity
(ability to cause disease)
Living organisms that invade the
Substances that can interact with the body
such as heat, light, noise, radiation, and machinery
HOST DEFENCES
a person who lacks resistance to an agent
a person whose normal defense mechanisms are
Interaction Between HOST & INFECTIOUS AGENT
Virule Organism’s nce degree of to cause pathogenicity (ability
disease)
HOST DEFENCES Host: A person that affords
subsistence or lodgment to an infectious agent under natural
Virulence
Specific attraction for certain cells / organs
Nesseria meningitidis -> meningies
Ability to invade phagocytosis Streptococcus pyogenes Production of destructive enzymes / toxins
PHAS ES
Infecti Infecti on on
Incubation period Prodromal stage Acute illness stage Convalescence
Nosocomial infections
are infections acquired in the hospital or other health care facilities that were not present or incubating at the time of the client’s admission. Nosocomial infections are also referred to as hospitalacquired infections. Nosocomial infections include those infections that become symptomatic after the client is discharged as well as infections among medical personnel. Most nosocomial infections are transmitted by health care personnel who fail to practice proper handwashing procedures or change gloves between client contacts.
Infection:- Infection is the multiplication of an infectious agent within the body tissues that results in cellular injury . wdidokhla hkq- wdidokldrl CIqo% cSúfhl= foay ffi,j,g wk;=rla we;slrñka foay mgl ;=, nyq.=Kkkh ùuhs¡
Colonization is the multiplication of microorganisms on or within a host that does not result in cellular injury fldf<dkslrKh hkq foay mgl j,g wk;=rla we;s fkdlñka CIqo%cSúhl= foay mgl ;=, j¾Okh ùuhs¡