Best Practices

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BEST PRACTICES IN TEACHING
Content from, Best Practice: Today’s Standards for Teaching and
Learning in America’s Schools by Steven Zemelman, Harvey Daniels,
and Arthur Hyde.

3 CATEGORIES OF BEST
PRACTICES
 Student-Centered: The starting point to educate is

people’s real interests; investigating own questions
should always take precedence over studying arbitrarily
and distantly selected content.
 Cognitive: The most powerful learning comes when

children develop true understanding of concepts through
higher-order thinking associated with various fields of
inquiry and through self- monitoring of their thinking.
 Social: Learning is always socially constructed and

often interactive; teachers need to create classroom
interactions that “scaffold” learning.

 Experiential
 Holistic
 Authentic
 Challenging

STUDENTCENTERED

 Developmental
 Constructivist
 Expressive
 Reflective

COGNITI
VE

 Collaborative
 Democratic

SOCIA
L

Recommendations from National Curriculum
Reports
 Less lecturing
 Less receiving

information
 Lesson one-way

presenting
 Less rewarding silence
 Less seatwork
 Less time reading

textbooks and basals

 Less time thinly

covering large
amounts of material
in every subject
 Less rote

memorization
 Less ability grouping
 Less reliance on

standardized tests

Recommendations from National Curriculum
Reports
 More experiential

learning
 More coaching,

demonstrating, modeling
 More higher-order

thinking
 More deep study of a

smaller number of topics
 More reading whole

books & primary sources

 More responsibility

transferred to student
 More choice for students
 More modeling principles

of democracy
 More collaborative

learning
 More reliance on

descriptive evaluations of
student growth,
observations, conference
notes, rubrics

BEST PRACTICE IN WRITING EVALUATIONS
 Focus on one or two kinds of errors at a time.
 Conduct brief conferences at various stages of

writing.
 Use portfolio systems for evaluation progress

over time.
 Involve students in goal setting, evaluation,

and written reflection.
 Grade only selected and revised writing

pieces.

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