Computer-Based Information System Electronic Business (eBusiness) Electronic Commerce (eCommerce)
An information system that uses computer hardware and software to perform its information processing activities.
The use of Internet technologies to internetwork and empower business
The buying and selling, marketing and servicing, and delivery and payment of products, services, and information over the Internet, intranets, extranets, and other networks, between an internetworked enterprise and its prospects, customers, suppliers, and other business partners. Includes business-toconsumer (B2C), business-to-business (B2B), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce.
Enterprise Collaboration The use of groupware tools and the Internet, intranets, extranets, and Systems other computer networks to support and enhance Extranet A network that links selected resources of a company with its customers, suppliers, and other business partners, using the Internet or private networks to link the organizations’ intranets. (1) Data or information concerning the components and operations of a system. (2) The use of part of the output of a system as input to the system. Information is data placed in a meaningful and useful context for an end user. (1) A set of people, procedures, and resources that collects, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization. (2) A system that accepts data resources as input and processes them into information products as output. A conceptual framework that views an information system as a system that uses the resources of hardware (machines and media), software (programs and procedures), people (users and specialists), and networks (communications media and network support) to perform input, processing, output, storage, and control activities that transform data resources (databases and knowledge bases) into information products. Hardware, software, telecommunications, database management, and other information processing technologies used in computer-based information systems. An Internet-like network within an organization. Web browser software provides easy access to internal websites established by business units, teams, and individuals, and other network resources and applications.
Feedback Information Information System Information System Model
Information Technology (IT) Intranet
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
Restructuring and transforming a business process by a fundamental rethinking and redesign to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, speed, and so on.
Competitive advantage Competitive Strategies Strategic Information Systems
providing a product or service in a way that customers value more than the competition's. A firm can develop cost leadership, product differentiation, and business innovation strategies to confront its competitive forces. Information systems that provide a firm with competitive products and services that give it a strategic advantage over its competitors in the marketplace. Also, information systems that promote business innovation, improve business processes, and build strategic information resources for a firm.
Value Chain
Viewing a firm as a series, chain, or network of basic activities that add value to its products and services and thus add a margin of value to the firm. A managerial activity that applies information systems technology and management tools to the task of managing an organization’s data resources. Its three major components are database administration, data administration, and data planning. An approach to the storage and processing of data in which independent files are consolidated into a common pool, or database, of records available to different application programs and end users for processing and data retrieval.
Data Resource Management
Database Management Approach
Database A set of computer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and Management System utilization of the databases of an organization. (DBMS) Query Language A high-level, humanlike language provided by a database management system that enables users to easily extract data and information from a database.
Peer-to-Peer A computing environment where end user computers connect, communicate, Network (P2P) and collaborate directly with each other via the Internet or other telecommunications network links. Wide Area Network (WAN) A data communications network covering a large geographic area.
Wireless LANs
Using radio or infrared transmissions to link devices in a local area network.
Computer-Aided The use of computers to automate the production process and Manufacturing (CAM) operations of a manufacturing plant. Also called factory automation. (See page(s) 162) Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) An overall concept that stresses that the goals of computer use in factory automation should be to simplify, automate, and integrate production processes and other aspects of manufacturing. (See page(s) 180)
Real-Time Processing Transaction Processing Cycle
Data processing in which data are processed immediately rather than periodically. Also called online processing. Contrast with Batch Processing. A cycle of basic transaction processing activities including data entry, transaction processing, database maintenance, document and report generation, and inquiry processing.
Electronic Business The use of Internet technologies to internetwork and empower business (e-Business) processes, electronic commerce, and enterprise communication and collaboration within a company and with its customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) A cross-functional e-business application that integrates front-office applications like customer relationship management with back-office applications like enterprise resource management.