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Workforce Trends
An Analysis of Long-term Employment Projections to 2014

Georgia Department of Labor Michael L. Thurmond, Commissioner

Georgia Workforce Trends
An Analysis of Long-term Employment Projections to 2014

Published by Workforce Information & Analysis Division Georgia Department of Labor Michael L. Thurmond, Commissioner

Equal Opportunity Employer/Program • Auxiliary Aids and Services Available upon Request to Individuals with Disabilities

G

eorgia Workforce Trends – Long-term Employment Projections to 2014 is a product of the Georgia Department of Labor’s Workforce Information and Analysis Division (WI&A), Amelia Butts, Director, and John Lawrence, Assistant Director. It was compiled and written by Joe Newsome, Program Operations Chief, with technical assistance from Bill Webb and David Yankey, and graphic design by Helen Kim.

This publication is one of several produced by WI&A presenting labor market information, with funding from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Other products include Georgia WIA Area Workforce Trends, Georgia’s HOT Careers to 2014, Georgia Jobs: 20062007, Georgia WIA Area Jobs: 2006-2007, Georgia Wage Survey, Georgia Career Planner, and Licensed and Certified Occupations in Georgia. The Workforce Information and Analysis Division thanks the following economists for their critical review and evaluation of the industry employment projections, the component upon which the analysis in this report was based. Dr. Rajeev Dhawan, Georgia State University Dr. Jeffrey Humphreys, University of Georgia Mr. Bart Lewis, Atlanta Regional Commission Ms. Cindy Peterson, Southern Company Ms. Melinda Pitts, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Ms. Jennifer Zeller, Atlanta Chamber of Commerce

AD D I T I O N A L D A T A
This brochure contains analysis and graphical displays of the most significant trends in Georgia’s industry and occupational employment growth. For a complete set of industry or occupational employment projections for the state or any of its workforce investment areas, please contact the Workforce Information & Analysis Division of the Georgia Department of Labor at (404) 2323875 or at [email protected].

2 Georgia Workforce 2014

Table of Contents
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5 Assumptions and Methodology........................................................................... 6 Highlights .................................................................................................................. 8

Industry Employment

9

By Supersector ........................................................................................................... 11 By Sector ..................................................................................................................... 12 By Subsector ..............................................................................................................14 Administrative and Support Services Subsector ............................................. 15 Health Services Subsector ...................................................................................... 16 Fastest Growing Industries – Detailed Industries .......................................... 17 Most Job Growth - Detailed Industries ............................................................. 18 Most Job Losses – Detailed Industries ............................................................... 19

Occupational Employment

20

Major Job Preparation Levels ............................................................................... 22 Job Growth Totals – Job Preparation Levels ................................................... 23 The Impact of Education and Training ............................................................. 24 Education and Training Pays ............................................................................... 25 Annual Openings – Job Preparation Levels ...................................................... 26 Fastest Growing Occupations ............................................................................. 27 Occupations with the Most Job Growth .......................................................... 28 Occupations with the Most Annual Openings ............................................... 29 Occupations with the Most Decline in Jobs .................................................... 30 Most Job Growth: Graduate Degree (First Professional, Doctoral, or Master’s) .................................................... 31
Continued

3

Occupational Employment (Contined)
Most Job Growth: Bachelor’s or Higher Degree plus Work Experience ......................................................................................... 32 Most Job Growth: Bachelor’s Degree ............................................................... 33 Most Job Growth: Associate’s Degree .............................................................. 34 Most Job Growth: Postsecondary Vocational Training ............................... 35 Most Job Growth: Work Experience in a Related Occupation ...................................................................................... 36 Most Job Growth: Long-term on-the-job Training ....................................... 37 Most Job Growth: Moderate-term on-the-job Training............................... 38 Most Job Growth: Short-term on-the-job Training ....................................... 39

4 Georgia Workforce 2014

Introduction
When it comes to Georgia’s economy, the one constant is change. Technological advances, a growing and aging population, and new business innovations will change the types of goods and services that Georgians need. These developments will, in turn, also change the kinds of jobs that will be needed to produce those goods and provide those services. More healthcare services will be needed, for example, and more healthcare workers will need to be hired. More computerrelated services will be required, thereby requiring more information technology professionals. And we can look forward to more teachers being needed to meet the state’s goals in education. These are but a few of the many trends highlighted in this, the latest edition in our series of long-term employment projections, those covering the decade from 2004 to 2014. Because of the dynamic nature of Georgia’s economy and the changing demands for skills by employers, it is essential that the best and latest information be made available to individuals who are making decisions about education, training, and careers. This publication, Georgia Workforce Trends – Long-term Employment Projections to 2014, provides that information by examining future trends in industry and occupational employment growth. These projections, which are updated every two years, are a vital tool in aiding decision-makers in a variety of activities including career counseling, education planning, and policymaking. In short, they can help to glance into the future—and to plan for it. The projections were developed using models that incorporated the latest available assumptions about changes in technology, employers’ staffing patterns, and business practices. As such, they replace all projections previously released by the Georgia Department of Labor. Two important concepts bear mentioning in helping to understand these projections. The first one is the difference between employment change expressed as a number or as a percent. Numeric change shows the projected change as a number—the actual difference expected over the projections decade. Percent change shows the rate of change over the projections decade. It is the difference between the number in the projection year and the number in the base year, divided by the number in the base year. Both numeric and percent change in employment are useful measures of job opportunities. The second concept is the difference between employment change and total annual openings. Employment change is the number of new jobs (new positions) created as a result of business expansions. Total annual openings include all the new positions created as well as the number of workers being replaced from job turnover.
5

Assumptions and Methods Used in Preparing Projections
Projections Methodology
Employment projections were developed in a series of three phases, each of which was based on separate projections procedures and models and various related assumptions. 1. Projections of industry employment were made at the 4-digit industry level, based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), principally using average annual historical employment data for 1990 through 2004 reported by firms covered by Georgia’s unemployment insurance laws through the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). Data from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey and the Current Population Survey (CPS) were used to supplement the QCEW data as well. Industry projections were produced using single-equation regression analysis and shift-share models that related Georgia industry employment to national industry employment and other key economic factors for Georgia, especially personal income and population. A panel of economists and other experts from business, academia, and government reviewed the projections and adjustments were made where appropriate. 2. Occupational estimates and projections were developed using an industry-occupation matrix of occupational staffing patterns—each occupation as a percent of employment in every industry—from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) surveys of 2002, 2003, and 2004 of more than 9,000 Georgia employers per year. The matrix included 782 occupations in more than 300 detailed 4-digit
6 Georgia Workforce 2014

NAICS industries. The occupational staffing patterns for each industry were projected using national change factors supplied by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to account for projected shifts in occupational distributions due to technological changes, and were then applied to projected industry employment. The resulting employment was summed across all industries to derive total employment by occupation. 3. Annual job openings were produced by applying national replacement rates supplied by the BLS for each occupation to base year occupational employment levels and adding occupational growth. Job openings from replacements occur when workers leave their jobs to enter other occupations, retire, or leave the labor force for other reasons. Openings from occupational growth occur when new positions are created by business expansion. These openings from growth are the difference between base year occupational estimates and occupational projections.

Economic Assumptions
These projections are not intended to be precise measurements of future employment levels but should provide an indication of the direction and extent of employment change over the projection period. Constantly changing economic and labor market conditions limit the accuracy of any forecasts, no matter how thorough the data or how sophisticated the statistical techniques used. The employment projections were based on the following economic assumptions:



The institutional framework of the U.S. economy will not change radically. No major events, such as war, will occur that will significantly alter the industrial structure of the economy, the occupational staffing patterns, or the rate of long-term growth. Recent technological and scientific trends will continue. The long-term employment patterns will continue in most industries.



Federal, state, and local government agencies will continue to operate under budgetary constraints. Population growth rates and age distributions will not differ significantly from projections presently available. Attitudes toward work, education, income, and leisure will not change significantly.





• •



7

Highlights
Industry Employment
• Total employment is projected to grow to almost five million jobs, which is an increase of 18.2 percent over 2004 or almost 770,000 new jobs.

Occupational Employment
• Workers in occupations requiring a bachelor’s or higher degree will hold 21.4 percent of all jobs for a total of almost 1.1 million jobs. Workers in occupations that do not require any formal postsecondary education will be employed in 69.7 percent of all jobs, down from 71.1 percent in 2004. • Employment will grow in occupations in every education and training category. More than 256,000 new jobs will be created in occupations that require short-term on-the-job training; more than 122,000 will be in occupations requiring a bachelor’s degree. The remaining new jobs will be spread among the other education and training categories, but most will be in occupations that require less than a bachelor’s degree. • All education and training categories that require some postsecondary education will grow faster than average, led by jobs requiring as associate’s degree. All categories that do not require any education beyond high school will grow slower than average. • Occupations requiring short-term or moderate-term on-the-job training will account for the majority of all job openings. The openings will come from both employment growth—the creation of new jobs—and from the need to replace workers who retire or leave an occupation permanently for other reasons. • Workers with more education will earn more and be employed in the fastest growing occupations. • Six of the twenty fastest growing occupations will be in healthcare; five will be computer-related. • Retail salespersons, customer service reps, and registered nurses will gain the most new jobs—approximately 32,000, 23,000, and 21,000, respectively. • Of 782 distinct occupations, 78 will combine above-average job growth, above-average wages, and at least 100 annual job openings to make the list of Georgia’s HOT Careers to 2014. Careers on this list can be found in nearly all education and training categories. • Registered nurses, general and operations managers, elementary school teachers, and tractor-trailer truck drivers will be among the twenty occupations with the most annual job openings. Although the majority of the openings in these four occupations will come from job growth, most of the openings in Georgia as well as nationally will result from employee turnover. • Four of the twenty occupations losing the most jobs, including the top three, will be in textiles and apparel. Although declining, there will still be job openings in these occupations because of turnover.

• Industry employment growth will be concentrated in the services-providing sectors of the economy, with almost 94 percent of job growth in these sectors. The services-providing sectors will account for 4.2 million jobs and goods-producing sectors will account for 748,000. • Two services-providing sectors— professional and business services and healthcare and social assistance— will lead all sectors both in new job growth and rates of growth. Together they will account for 37.1 percent of all job growth.

• The construction industry will be the only goods-producing industry sector to show significant gains, increasing 21.0 percent, or 34,000 new jobs. • Manufacturing will remain relatively flat, halting its trend over the past decade of severe job losses.

• The administrative and support services sub-sector will increase by almost 102,000 jobs, largely due to increases in the employment services industry.

• The health services sub-sector will account for one in every twelve jobs in Georgia. It will have added almost 100,000 jobs over the projection period and will have employment levels of more than 420,000 workers. • Five of the detailed industries that will lose the most jobs are in textiles and apparel manufacturing, but the losses will not be nearly as severe as during the last decade.

8 Georgia Workforce 2014

In

2014

Industry Employment
In the year 2014 total employment in Georgia is expected to reach almost five million jobs, with almost 770,000 new jobs created across all industries during the ten-year projection period beginning in 2004. This equates to almost 77,000 newly created jobs per year and an annual growth rate of 1.7 percent.

4,971,740 4,205,050 3,568,790

1994

2004

Projected 2014

The industries containing these jobs can be divided into 15 major sectors, which can be further divided into 91 subsectors, or 303 detailed industries, all of which are either goods-producing or services-providing.
Industry Employment

9

Goods-Producing Sectors
• Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting. Examples include animal and crop production, logging, and support activities for agriculture. Construction. Examples include bridgebuilding and home construction companies. • • Mining. Examples include kaolin mining and coal mining. Manufacturing. Examples include establishments that make computer chips, breakfast cereals, and other goods.



Services-Providing Sectors
• • Utilities. Examples include power plants and sewage treatment plants. Wholesale Trade. Examples include wholesale merchants of durable goods like automobiles and furniture and nondurable goods like drugs and groceries. Retail Trade. Examples include retailers like automobile dealerships, department stores, and gas stations. Transportation and Warehousing. Examples include airports and warehousing and storage facilities. Information. This includes print, software, and database publishing firms; broadcasting and telecommunications providers; and internet service providers. Financial Activities. Industries include finance, insurance, real estate, and rental services. Professional and Business Services. Examples include temporary help firms, consulting services, scientific and technical services, and waste management establishments. • Educational Services. This sector includes both public and private educational services. Health Care and Social Assistance. Includes physicians’ offices, dentists’ offices, public and private hospitals, and privately run social services. Leisure and Hospitality. Examples include hotels, restaurants, sports teams, theme parks, performing arts companies and arcades. Other Services. Examples include automotive repair shops, funeral homes, drycleaners, and private households. Government. This sector consists of the federal, state, and local governments, except for the postal service and government-run hospitals and schools.



















10 Georgia Workforce 2014

Industry Employment By Supersector
As is true nationally, the vast majority—almost 94 percent—of the job growth during this projection period will be in the services-providing industry sectors. These sectors contained more than 83 percent of total employment in 2004 and expect to increase their share to 85 percent by 2014. The goods-producing sectors are expected to add more than 48,500 jobs over the projection period, for a total employment level of almost 748,000 jobs by 2014. However, their relatively slow 0.7 percent projected annual growth rate is dwarfed by the expected 1.9 percent annual pace and the more than 718,000 jobs created by the services-providing sectors.

2004
Goods Producing 16.6%

Projected 2014
Goods Producing 15.0%

Services Providing 83.4%

Services Providing 85.0%

Total Industry Employment Growth, 2004-2014

Goods-Producing Sectors

48,580

Services-Providing Sectors

718,110

Industry Employment 11

Industry Employment by Sector
For the first time in a long time, all major industry sectors will realize employment growth through 2014, albeit very small for some sectors. In the services-providing industry sectors this growth will be led by professional and business services and healthcare and social assistance. Together they will account for almost 40 percent of all services-providing job growth through 2014. Professional and business services is expected to grow the fastest, at an average annual rate of 2.9 percent, and adding almost 166,000 new jobs; healthcare and social assistance is projected to grow 2.8 percent, increasing its share of new jobs by more than 118,000 through the projection period. The leisure and hospitality sector is expected to have the next fastest rate of growth at 2.4 percent and educational services will follow closely behind at 2.3 percent increase. Wholesale trade and retail trade are both projected to grow at 1.5 percent per year. However, since retail trade has a much larger employment base, the change in employment levels for retail trade will be more than double that for wholesale trade. Transportation and warehousing, information, and other services (except The construction industry, the only goods-producing industry sector to post significant employment growth, is projected to increase by almost 42,000 jobs, reaching almost 242,000 in employment in 2014. The mining sector is projected to increase by 1.1 percent annually, but its small employment volume will see an increase of only 800 jobs. Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting and manufacturing employment are projected to show very little change over the projection period, increasing annually by a mere 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. But the good news in manufacturing is that this is the first time in more than a decade that employment in this sector is not hemorrhaging jobs. government) are all expected to grow 1.4 percent annually over the next ten years, lagging the projected statewide overall annual growth rate of 1.7 percent. The financial activities and government sectors will grow at modest rates of 0.8 and 0.6 percent, respectively. Utilities will remain relatively flat, growing at a rate of only 0.2 percent per year over the next ten years.

12 Georgia Workforce 2014

Industry Sector Employment
Ag ricu ltu re , Fo re s try, Fis h in g a n d H u n tin g 4 4 ,2 3 0 4 5 ,2 6 0 7 ,0 6 0 7 ,8 5 0 2 0 ,1 6 0 2 0 ,5 5 0 2 0 0 ,0 1 0 2 4 1 ,9 3 0 4 4 8 ,0 0 0 4 5 2 ,8 4 0 2 0 6 ,6 4 0 2 3 8 ,9 1 0 4 4 6 ,5 1 0 5 1 8 ,3 6 0 1 7 8 ,8 1 0 2 0 5 ,5 8 0 1 1 9 ,4 5 0 1 3 7 ,8 7 0 2 2 0 ,9 4 0 2 3 9 ,7 2 0 5 1 0 ,6 7 0 6 7 6 ,6 5 0 3 4 5 ,4 7 0 4 3 2 ,1 3 0 3 6 8 ,7 1 0 4 8 7 ,1 9 0 3 5 9 ,3 9 0 4 5 3 ,8 3 0 4 4 2 ,8 4 0 5 1 0 ,4 9 0 2 8 6 ,1 6 0 3 0 2 ,5 8 0

2004

P rojec ted 2014

Min in g

U tilitie s

C o n s tru ctio n

Ma n u fa ctu rin g

W h o le s a le Tra d e

R e ta il Tra d e

Tra n s p o rta tio n a n d W a re h o u s in g

In fo rm a tio n

Fin a n cia l Activitie s

P ro fe s s io n a l a n d B u s in e s s S e rvice s

E d u ca tio n a l S e rvice s

H e a lth C a re a n d S o cia l As s is ta n ce

L e is u re a n d H o s p ita lity

Oth e r S e rvice s (e xce p t P u b lic Ad m in is tra tio n )

Go ve rn m e n t

Industry Employment 13

Industry Employment by Subsector
Out of a total of 91 sub-sectors (subcategories of industry sectors), the twenty projected to create the most new jobs in Georgia through 2014 are listed below. Two of these are of special interest because of their large projected employment gains of nearly 100,000 jobs each. Administrative and support services and health services will account for more than one in every four new jobs through the projection period. Each one of these industry sub-sectors will be analyzed in the next section.

Industry Subsectors with the Most Total Growth, 2004-2014
Administrative and Support Services Health Services Educational Services Food Services and Drinking Places Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Total Self-Employed and Unpaid Family Workers, Primary Job Specialty Trade Contractors General Merchandise Stores Local Government, Excluding Education and Hospitals Social Assistance Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional, and Similar Org Truck Transportation Personal and Laundry Services Food Manufacturing Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods Construction of Buildings Management of Companies and Enterprises Food and Beverage Stores Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers

101,510 98,360 86,660 77,660 53,420 33,470 25,940 22,400 21,880 20,120 19,810 16,210 10,490 10,400 9,900 9,370 8,970 8,760 8,560 8,310

14 Georgia Workforce 2014

Administrative and Support Services Subsector
Experiencing a growth rate twice that for all industries, administrative and support services will continue to expand from 2004 to 2014 as employment grows by more than 101,000. More than 70,000, or almost seventy percent, of these new jobs will be in employment services. Being by far the largest component of this industry sub-sector, employment services is projected to reach employment levels of almost 202,000 workers by 2014. In addition to growth fueled by the continued use of temporary workers by large numbers of employers, employment services will also expand as a result of companies looking to control costs by out-sourcing their personnel management, health benefits, workers’ compensation and unemployment insurance, tax, and payroll responsibilities. Services to buildings and dwellings, which includes janitorial services and landscaping services, are also expected to increase substantially, growing by almost 10,000 to employment levels of more than 60,000 by 2014.

Office Administrative Services

11,970 18,510 4,470 6,070

2004

Projected 2014

Facilities Support Services

Employment Services 21,730 28,410 5,720 6,220 21,850 27,170 50,430 60,200 8,340 9,270

131,720 201,890

Business Support Services Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services Investigation and Security Services

Services to Buildings and Dwellings

Other Support Services

Industry Employment 15

Health Services Subsector
By the year 2014, health services will account for one in every twelve jobs in Georgia. Already one of the largest industry sub-sectors, it is projected to increase by almost 100,000 jobs, placing its employment levels at more than 420,000 jobs by 2014. Hospital employment is expected to account for the largest increase in new healthcare jobs, increasing its employment by more than 31,500 jobs. While this component makes up the largest portion of health services, it is expected to be among the slowest growing, as hospitals are pressured to reduce costs by providing services on an outpatient basis, limiting low-priority services, and stressing preventative care. The shift away from hospital care will directly affect employment growth in offices of physicians, which is projected to increase by more than 23,500 over the projection period. Nursing and residential care facilities will also increase significantly. More than 19,000 new positions will be created in this component of health services as the trend toward less expensive home health care and assisted living for the elderly continues.

Offices of Physicians 20,490 27,740 13,180 17,440 7,380 11,260 4,760 5,720 14,510 20,300 4,150 5,790

62,260 85,940

2004

Projected 2014

Offices of Dentists Offices of Other Health Practitioners Outpatient Care Centers Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories Home Health Care Services Other Ambulatory Health Care Services Hospitals Nursing and Residential Care Facilities

144,700 176,270 50,590 69,920

16 Georgia Workforce 2014

Fastest Growing Industries – Detailed Industries
Six of the industries projected to grow the fastest are in the healthcare and social assistance sector. Growth in health services will result from the gradual aging of Georgia’s population, coupled with advances in medical technology that increase life expectancies. The combination of more women working outside the home than ever before and welfare reform legislation that requires more welfare recipients to work will contribute to employment growth in the social assistance sub-sector. Four of the fastest growing industries will come from the professional and business services industry sector, with growth in employment services being the most significant. Although the demand for these services will not be as great as in the past, the trend toward corporate restructuring and cost cutting that popularized the use of personnel supply companies in the past will continue to generate new jobs in this industry. In addition, the out-sourcing of billing, recordkeeping, and distribution services will lead to increased employment in office administrative services. Growth in computer systems design and related services will be generated by the expansion of electronic commerce, a growing reliance on the Internet, faster and more efficient communication, and the implementation of new technologies and applications. Three of the detailed industries are in the information sector, led by growth in internet service providers and web search portals. This growth will be fueled by the continued growth of general internet use and the expansion of new web services. Software publishing will also show significant growth, as firms are expected to continue to invest heavily in software that facilitates electronic commerce.
Other Residential Care Facilities Performing Arts Companies Community Food & Housing, & Emergency & Other Relief Services Community Care Facilities for the Elderly Internet Service Providers & Web Search Portals Other Personal Services RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks & Recreational Camps Residential Mental Retardation, Mental Health & Substance Abuse Facilities Computer Systems Design and Related Services Office Administrative Services Employment Services Individual & Family Services Used Merchandise Stores Outpatient Care Centers Drugs & Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers Software Publishers Internet Publishing & Broadcasting Remediation & Other Waste Management Services Nonscheduled Air Transportation General Rental Centers Lumber & Other Construction Materials Merchant Wholesalers 6.0% 5.9% 5.4% 5.3% 5.0% 4.9% 4.9% 4.7% 4.5% 4.5% 4.4% 4.3% 4.3% 4.3% 4.0% 4.0% 3.9% 3.9% 3.9% 3.8% 3.8%

Industry Employment 17

Most Job Growth - Detailed Industries
Industry employment growth will be very concentrated. These twenty detailed industries out of more than 300 analyzed by the Georgia Department of Labor are projected to account for more than 62 percent of total job growth over the projection decade. In addition to the significant projected increase in new jobs in healthcare and social assistance and professional and business services, substantial gains in employment are also expected in educational services. Principally driven by the overall growth in Georgia’s population, a continued commitment by elementary and secondary schools to reduce class size as well as an increase in the number of students enrolling in colleges and universities (fueled by the HOPE scholarship program) will combine to project substantial job growth in educational services over the next ten years.
70,170 64,570 46,000 33,470 32,330 31,000 25,790 23,680 22,840 21,880 14,810 13,180 12,220 11,910 10,920 9,770 9,730 8,760 8,070 7,710

Employment Services Employment Services Elementary & Secondary Schools Elementary and Secondary Schools Full-Service Restaurants Limited-Service Eating Places Self-employed & Unpaid Family Workers Full-Service Restaurants Limited-Service Eating General Medical and Surgical Hospitals Places General Medical & Surgical Hospitals Offices of Physicians Department Department Stores Stores
Computer Systems Design Offices of Physicians and Related Services Local Government, except Education Computer Systems Design & Related Services and Hospitals Local Government, Excluding Education & ChildHospitals Services Day Care Colleges, Universities, and Colleges, Universities, & Professional Schools Professional Schools

Religious Organizations Religious Organizations Child Contractors Building EquipmentDay Care Services Building Equipment Contractors Self-employed and Unpaid Family Workers Management, Scientific, & Technical State Government, except Education Consulting Services and Hospitals Services Supplies Dealers Building Material andto Buildings & Dwellings
Management, Scientific, and Technical Nursing Care Facilities Consulting Services

Management of Companies & Enterprises Services to Buildings and Dwellings Building Material & Supplies Dealers Scheduled Air Transportation
Offices of Grocery Stores Dentists

18 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Losses – Detailed Industries
Declines in industry employment are usually caused by falling demand for certain goods and services, by increased imports that reduce domestic production, or by technology that increases worker productivity, and the twenty industries on this list that are expected to lose the most jobs over the projection period are no exception. Five industries are in textiles and apparel manufacturing and one is in agriculture. Others include motor vehicle and related parts manufacturing, which are expected to decline as a result of the closing of two major automobile assembly plants and their related businesses. While declining employment often means unfavorable job prospects or limited opportunity, some openings will occur by the need to replace workers who leave an industry.

-3,390 -3,130 -3,020 -2,830 -2,490 -2,100 -1,850 -1,630 -1,620 -1,340 -1,240 -880 -810 -790 -720 -720 -650 -650 -450 -420

Other General Merchandise Stores Motor Vehicle Manufacturing Textile Furnishings Mills Fabric Mills Sawmills & Wood Preservation Depository Credit Intermediation Printing & Related Support Activities Insurance Carriers Other Textile Product Mills Fiber, Yarn, & Thread Mills Textile & Fabric Finishing & Fabric Coating Mills Cable & Other Program Distribution Glass & Glass Product Manufacturing Special Food Services Boiler, Tank, & Shipping Container Manufacturing Motor Vehicle Body & Trailer Manufacturing Direct Selling Establishments Petroleum & Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers
Industry Employment 19

Occupational Employment
The previous section analyzed projected growth and decline in employment by industry. This section examines projected changes in a closely related area—that of occupational employment. The Georgia Department of Labor has analyzed several factors affecting employment growth for 782 detailed occupations by the eleven job preparation levels most commonly required for employment as defined by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Seven of the eleven categories usually require education beyond high school, from vocational training to a first professional degree. Occupations in the remaining four categories involve skills learned through varying degrees of on-the-job training and work experience. It is important to remember, however, that in nearly all occupations, workers have a variety of educational backgrounds. Subsequent sections will focus on analyzing occupational trends by percentage change, numeric change, and the number of projected annual job openings, respectively. Taken separately, these are all very useful measures. Occupations with fast growth, many new positions, or many new job openings generally offer more favorable conditions for mobility and advancement. When combined, however, with above-average wages, the occupations that have it all—above average job growth, above average wages, and at least 100 expected annual job openings—cannot be beaten, for they offer the surest bets of satisfying, rewarding careers with great potential for advancement. In this publication, each occupation meeting this definition is designated with the HOT label. The complete list of Georgia’s HOT Careers to 2014 is given in the foldout center page of this booklet.

20 Georgia Workforce 2014

The job preparation levels and the number of detailed occupations in Georgia within each classification are:

Bachelor’s or higher degree
• First professional degree – 20 occupations – At least three years of full-time academic study beyond the bachelor’s degree. Doctoral degree – 33 occupations – At least three years of full-time academic work beyond the bachelor’s degree. Required for entry into most postsecondary teaching occupations as well as several jobs in the physical, biological, and social sciences. • Master’s degree – 44 occupations – One or two years of full-time academic study beyond a bachelor’s degree. Bachelor’s or higher degree, plus work experience – 36 occupations – Mostly managerial occupations. Experience in a non-managerial position for which a bachelor’s or higher degree is usually required. Bachelor’s degree – 108 occupations – At least four years of full-time academic study beyond high school.

• •



Postsecondary education, but less than a bachelor’s degree
• Associate’s degree – 40 occupations – Two years of full-time academic study beyond high school. • Postsecondary vocational training – 49 occupations – Completion of a vocational training program of variable length from several weeks to a year or more in a postsecondary vocational school or college.

All other (no formal postsecondary education required)
• Work experience in a related occupation – 44 occupations – Skills and training acquired in a related occupation. Includes several supervisory occupations as well as occupations in which skills may be developed from hobbies or other activities besides current or past employment or from the Armed Forces. Degree not required. Long-term on-the-job training – 89 occupations – More than twelve months of on-the-job training or a combination of work experience and formal classroom instruction, such as apprenticeships and employer-sponsored training lasting up to four years. • Moderate-term on-the-job training – 183 occupations – One to twelve months of combined on-the-job experience and informal training, which can include observing experienced workers. Short-term on-the-job training – 136 occupations – One month or less of onthe-job training or after a short demonstration of job duties.
Occupational Employment 21





Major Job Preparation Levels
In 2004 more than 4.2 million workers were employed in various occupations in Georgia. Almost three million of these were in occupations that do not require any formal education beyond high school, with half being in low-skill, low-pay jobs requiring only short-term on-the-job training. While workers in these occupations held the largest share of jobs in 2004, their share of jobs is expected to decline from 71.1 percent in 2004 to less than 69.7 percent in 2014. Careers requiring an associate’s degree or postsecondary vocational training made up only 8.4 percent of all jobs in 2004, but they will grow more than 60 percent faster than those requiring no education beyond high school, increasing to 9.0 percent of all jobs by 2014. In fact, these jobs are the fastest growing group in the state, even surpassing overall growth rates for occupations requiring a bachelor’s degree or more. Workers in occupations usually requiring a bachelor’s degree or more held 20.4 percent of all jobs in the state in 2004 for a total of more than 850,000 jobs. Their ten-year growth rate of 23.8 percent will place them at slightly over one million jobs or 21.4 percent job share by 2014.

Occupational Employment by Major Job Preparation Level 2004
Bachelor's or higher degree 20.4% Post-sec education but less than bachelor's 8.4%

Projected 2014
Bachelor's or higher degree 21.4% Post-sec education but less than bachelor's 9.0%

All other 71.1%

All other 69.7%

22 Georgia Workforce 2014

Job Growth Totals – Job Preparation Levels
Occupations requiring short-term on-the-job training are expected to account for the largest portion of 2004-14 job growth, comprising one in every three new jobs created. However, these jobs are expected to be among the slowest growing of all occupations. Other occupational categories seeing significant growth in employment levels include bachelor’s degree careers and careers requiring moderate-term on-the-job training. Although bachelor’s degree jobs had employment levels roughly half the size of moderate-term on-the-job training jobs in 2004, their 24.8 percent growth rate is expected to almost double that for moderate-term on-the-job training jobs, thereby causing bachelor’s degree jobs to exceed moderate-term on-the-job training jobs in new job growth over the projection period.

Total Employment Growth by Job Preparation Level
First Professional Degree Doctoral Degree Master's Degree Work Experience plus Bachelor's or Higher Degree Bachelor's Degree Associate's Degree Postsecondary Vocational Training Work Experience in a Related Occupation Long-term on-the-job Training Moderate-term on-the-job Training Short-term on-the-job Training 42,570 47,940 51,070 42,720 121,500 256,460
Occupational Employment 23

10,360 5,290 12,590 53,750 122,350

The Impact of Education and Training
On Job Growth
Fueled by the phenomenal growth in health-related occupations, careers requiring an associate’s degree will be the fastest growing of all eleven job preparation levels, growing at 30.0 percent to 2014. Careers requiring a doctoral degree are expected to follow closest behind, growing at 26.9 percent as a result of the rapid growth in higher education in Georgia. In fact, career growth in all occupational categories requiring some formal education beyond high school is projected to exceed the statewide average of 18.2 percent. Career growth in all categories not requiring any education beyond high school is expected to be below average over the projection period. Fast growth in occupations means that they will provide a larger share of new positions in the future, thereby providing better employment prospects.

On Earnings
Wages vary greatly by occupation. Among the most important factors affecting wages in different occupations is the level of education and training required for employment. In general, the more education and training that one has, the higher the average wage. As seen in the chart below, occupational groups requiring college training are among the highest paid and occupational groups that do not require any formal education beyond high school are generally among the lowest paying.

24 Georgia Workforce 2014

Occupational Employment

Education and Training Pays
The chart below tells an old story ...the more you learn, the more you earn and the better your future employment prospects.
2006 Georgia Average Annual Wages
First professional degree Doctoral degree Master’s degree Work experience plus Bachelor’s or higher degree Bachelor’s degree Associate’s degree Postsecondary vocational training Work experience in a related occupation Long-term on-the-job training Moderate-term on-the-job training Short-term on-the-job training
$56,900 $47,900 $31,600 $45,900 $35,300 $32,000 $21,200 $65,000 $56,400 $89,900 $126,400

Average Annual Growth Rate, 2004-2014

1.9%

2.4%

2.1%

2.0%

2.2%

2.7%

2.1%

1.4%

1.5%

1.3%

1.6%

25

Annual Openings – Job Preparation Levels
Job openings occur when new positions are added to the economy through business expansion or whenever existing jobs are vacated by workers who permanently leave an occupation. The need to replace workers who leave will normally result in more openings overall than job growth, and this trend is expected to continue. In Georgia, twenty-five percent more annual job openings are projected to come from employee turnover than from business expansion through 2014. Occupations requiring short-term and moderate-term on-the-job training are expected to generate the majority of all job openings over the projection period, largely because of employee turnover. Additionally, all occupational categories requiring no formal education beyond high school are projected to create more openings from turnover than from job growth. For categories requiring some postsecondary education, the opposite is true; all of them are expected to create more jobs from business expansion than from job turnover.

Thousands

0 First Professional Degree Doctoral Degree Master's Degree Work Experience plus Bachelor's or Higher Degree Bachelor's Degree Associate's Degree Postsecondary Vocational Training Work Experience in a Related Occupation Long-term on-the-job Training Moderate-term on-the-job Training Short-term on-the-job Training
26 Georgia Workforce 2014

20

40

60
New P o sitio ns Jo b Replacements

80

Fastest Growing Occupations
Six of the twenty fastest growing occupations are in healthcare, reflective of the phenomenal growth projected in the health services industry over the projection period. Five are computerrelated and are a by-product of rapid growth in the computer systems design industry. More than half of the occupations have average wages above the statewide average of $17.96 per hour. All twenty of these occupations have fast job growth; however, nine are projected to also pay well and have plentiful job openings, thereby earning our designation as “HOT” over the projection period. It is important to note that although all of these occupations are fast-growing, several of them are small in employment volume and, as such, will have relatively few job openings per year. Musicians and singers, arbitrators and mediators, transportation attendants, manicurists and pedicurists, and choreographers will each have fewer than fifty job openings per year over the projections decade.

Hot

Hot

Musicians & Singers Netw ork Systems & Data Communications Analysts Computer Softw are Engineers, Applications Home Health Aides
Hot Hot Physician Assistants Computer Softw are Engineers, Systems Softw are Medical Assistants

5.3% 4.9% 4.7% 4.5% 4.5% 4.5% 4.4% 4.4% 4.1% 4.0% 4.0% 3.9% 3.8% 3.7% 3.7% 3.7% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6%
Occupational Employment 27

Arbitrators, Mediators, & Conciliators Mental Health & Substance Abuse Social Workers Hot Dental Hygienists Transport Attendants, Ex Flight Attendants & Baggage Porters Dental Assistants
Hot

Netw ork & Computer Systems Administrators Physical Therapist Assistants Cementing & Gluing Machine Operators & Tenders Nonfarm Animal Caretakers Manicurists & Pedicurists
Hot Hot

Database Administrators

Hot

Choreographers Special Ed Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, & Elem School

Occupations with the Most Job Growth
More than one in every three newly-created positions through 2014 will be in one of the occupations listed below. Registered nurses, a “HOT” career for this period, is third on the list. Other “HOT” jobs making the list include general and operations managers, elementary school teachers, and non-technical sales representatives. The majority of these jobs are in occupations with large employment levels; many of them are part-time. More than half of them are low-skill, low-wage jobs.

Retail Salespersons Customer Service Representatives
Hot

32,190 23,330 20,920 19,270 18,690 16,420 14,760 13,510 13,030 12,080 11,040 10,820 10,370 10,040 9,970 9,380 8,320 7,880 7,610 7,460

Registered Nurses

Hot Hot

Waiters & Waitresses Combined Food Prep & Serving Workers, Incl Fast Food General & Operations Managers

Elem School Teachers, Ex Special Ed Laborers & Freight, Stock, & Material Movers, Hand Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Janitors & Cleaners, Except Maids & Housekeeping Cleaners Nursing Aides, Orderlies, & Attendants Teacher Assistants

Hot

Child Care Workers Sales Reps, Wholesale & Manufg, Ex Technical & Scientific Products Food Preparation Workers Cashiers Office Clerks, General Truck Drivers, Light or Delivery Services Receptionists & Information Clerks Cooks, Restaurant

28 Georgia Workforce 2014

Occupations with the Most Annual Openings
The twenty occupations on this list are projected to account for more than thirty-five percent of all annual job openings through 2014. More than half of these require only short-term on-the-job training. Accordingly, their average wages are low and most will result from high employee turnover. There are, however, four “HOT” occupations on this list, for in addition to each of them having at least 100 annual openings, these four also have fast job growth and high wages during the projection period.
0 Retail Salespersons Cashiers Waiters & Waitresses Combined Food Prep & Serving Workers, Incl Fast Food Laborers & Freight, Stock, & Material Movers, Hand Customer Service Representatives
Hot Hot Hot

1

2

3

4

5

Thousands 6 7 8

Registered Nurses

General & Operations Managers

Elem School Teachers, Except Special Education Office Clerks, General
Hot

Sales Reps, Wholesale & Manufg, Ex Tech & Scientific Products Janitors & Cleaners, Ex Maids & Housekeeping Cleaners Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Stock Clerks & Order Fillers Child Care Workers Food Preparation Workers Teacher Assistants Team Assemblers Supervisors of Office & Admin Support Workers
New Positions Job Replacements

Executive Secretaries & Administrative Assistants

Occupational Employment 29

Occupations with the Most Decline in Jobs
Occupational employment declines usually are caused by increased imports of or decreased demand for specific goods and services, technology that increases productivity, and foreign competition. The twenty declining occupations listed below are no different. Five of them are in textiles and apparel, including the top three. This industry is projected to continue to suffer tremendously from foreign competition. Although declining employment often results in unfavorable prospects or limited opportunity, there will still be some job openings in these occupations over the projection period because of employee turnover.
-3,060 -2,310 -1,780 -1,700 -1,690 -1,590 -1,320 -1,280 -880 -850 -770 -730 -650 -430 -390 -380 -360 -340 -340 -340 Textile Winding, Tw isting, & Draw ing Out Machine Setters, Operators, & Tenders Textile Knitting & Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, & Tenders Sew ing Machine Operators File Clerks Mail Clerks & Mail Machine Operators, Ex Postal Service Order Clerks Computer Operators Credit Authorizers, Checkers, & Clerks Telemarketers Machine Feeders & Offbearers Cutting, Punching, & Press Machine Setters, Operators, & Tenders, Metal and Plastic Meter Readers, Utilities Textile Bleaching & Dyeing Machine Operators & Tenders Sw itchboard Operators, Incl Answ ering Service Parts Salespersons Photographic Processing Machine Operators Tax Preparers Telephone Operators Saw ing Machine Setters, Operators, & Tenders, Wood Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, & Still Machine Setters, Operators, & Tenders

30 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Growth: Graduate Degree (First Professional, Doctoral, or Master’s)
New job growth in these occupations is expected to be the greatest in careers relating to education and healthcare, as all but one of the occupations listed below are in these two industries. In addition to providing excellent prospects for jobseekers, the new jobs listed below are among the highest paid in Georgia’s economy. Moreover, there are nine “HOT” jobs on the list because they are fast-growing and high-paying, with plentiful (at least 100) job openings expected over the projections period.
Lawyers
Hot

2,490 2,450 1,930 1,040 940 770 770 770 740 720 650 620 550 550 550 510 500 480 480 430

Instructional Coordinators
Hot

Pharmacists

Hot

Educational, Vocational, & School Counselors
Hot

Physical Therapists

Hot

Clinical, Counseling, & School Psychologists Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary
Hot Hot Hot Hot

Internists, General

Occupational Therapists

Education Teachers, Postsecondary Business Teachers, Postsecondary Dentists, General

Mental Health & Substance Abuse Social Workers Librarians Family & General Practitioners Art, Drama, & Music Teachers, Postsecondary Surgeons Health Educators English Language & Literature Teachers, Postsecondary Pediatricians, General

Occupational Employment 31

MostJob Growth: Bachelor’s or Higher Degree plus Work Experience
The vast majority of the careers on this list are managerial, reflecting the experience these workers usually have. The top job in this category, general and operations managers, is also among the top jobs overall in job growth and most expected annual openings. In addition, there are 14 “HOT” jobs on the list because they are fast-growing and high-paying, with plentiful (at least 100) job openings expected over the projections period. All the occupations represented here have above average wages.
Hot

General & Operations Managers
Hot

16,420 4,780 4,580 4,560 3,400 3,100 2,200 1,970 1,870 1,820 1,390 1,120 840 790 630 590 420 400 370 340 340

Management Analysts
Hot Hot

Chief Executives Sales Managers

Hot

Computer & Information Systems Managers Financial Managers
Hot Hot

Administrative Services Managers

Medical & Health Services Managers

Hot

Ed Administrators, Elem & Secondary School
Hot

Marketing Managers Vocational Education Teachers, Postsecondary Hot Engineering Managers

Hot

Farm, Ranch, & Other Agricultural Managers Hot Ed Admins, Preschool & Child Care Center/Program Hot Ed Admins, Postsecondary
Hot

Vocational Ed Teachers, Secondary School Compensation & Benefits Managers Producers & Directors Training & Development Managers Advertising & Promotions Managers Purchasing Managers

32 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Growth: Bachelor’s Degree
The occupations in this list are projected to generate eleven percent of the total job growth in all occupations for 2004-2014. Five of these jobs relate to computers and six to education, two of Georgia’s top-growth industries. One of the top-growth occupations in the state—elementary school teachers—is in this category. Additionally, all but one of these jobs have earned the “HOT” designation for the projections period because they are fast-growing and high-paying, with plentiful (at least 100) expected annual job openings.
Hot Hot

Elem School Teachers, Except Special Ed 7,450 6,690 6,380 6,150 5,760 5,510 5,440 3,480 3,410 2,990 2,880 2,700 2,410 1,710 1,660 1,440 1,400 1,270 1,180

14,760

Computer Softw are Engineers, Applications
Hot

Computer Systems Analysts

Hot Hot Hot

Secondary School Teachers, Ex Special & Voc Ed Computer Softw are Engineers, Systems Softw are Netw ork Systems & Data Communications Analysts
Hot

Middle School Teachers, Ex Special & Voc Ed
Hot

Accountants & Auditors

Hot

Netw ork & Computer Systems Administrators
Hot

Personal Financial Advisors

Hot Hot

Employment, Recruitment, & Placement Specialists Special Ed Teachers, Preschool, Kindgrtn, & Elem School
Hot

Construction Managers

Hot

Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education
Hot

Directors, Religious Activities & Education
Hot

Training & Development Specialists

Hot

Special Education Teachers, Middle School Child, Family, & School Social Workers

Hot

Medical & Clinical Laboratory Technologists
Hot

Financial Analysts

Occupational Employment 33

Most Job Growth: Associate’s Degree
Careers found in the healthcare industry account for more than 72 percent of the projected new job growth among occupations on this list. This growth is dominated by registered nurses, the third largest top-growth occupation in Georgia. Almost half of the expected new positions requiring this job preparation level will be among registered nurses. In addition, nine of the occupations on the list have been given the “HOT” label, for they are fastgrowing, high-paying, and are expected to offer plentiful (at least 100) job openings over the projections period. The majority of these occupations pay above average wages.

Hot Hot

Registered Nurses 5,750 2,370 1,950 1,370 1,280 1,210 1,000 670 670 590 510 440 430 350 280 270 230 230 190

20,920

Computer Support Specialists
Hot

Dental Hygienists

Hot Hot

Paralegals & Legal Assistants

Radiologic Technologists & Technicians

Medical & Clinical Laboratory Technicians Medical Records & Health Info Technicians
Hot

Respiratory Therapists

Electrical & Electronic Engineering Technicians
Hot

Physical Therapist Assistants
Hot

Interior Designers

Hot

Civil Engineering Technicians

Veterinary Technologists & Technicians Diagnostic Medical Sonographers Cardiovascular Technologists & Technicians Industrial Engineering Technicians Environmental Engineering Technicians Broadcast Technicians Medical Equipment Repairers Radiation Therapists

34 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Growth: Postsecondary Vocational Training
At this job preparation level, occupations that are projected to gain the most new jobs have a variety of tasks, settings, and earnings. Six of them are health-related occupations. Three of them are mechanical. Automotive, bus and truck, and mobile heavy equipment mechanics make up one in every seven new jobs represented here. Two of these occupations have earned the designation of “HOT”, as they are expected to have fast growth, pay high wages, and have at least 100 job openings per year over the period from 2004-2014. Four of these occupations pay above average wages; half have wages very near the statewide average.
Nursing Aides, Orderlies, & Attendants Hairdressers, Hairstylists, & Cosmetologists Licensed Practical & Licensed Vocational Nurses Automotive Service Technicians & Mechanics Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education Real Estate Sales Agents EMTs and Paramedics Bus & Truck Mechanics & Diesel Engine Specialists Legal Secretaries Fitness Trainers & Aerobics Instructors Surgical Technologists Medical Transcriptionists Medical Secretaries Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines
Hot Hot

11,040 6,290 4,520 4,010 3,900 2,160 2,100 1,690 1,400 1,230 1,000 840 700 640 600 560 540 520 480 430

Appraisers & Assessors of Real Estate

Electrical & Electronics Repairers, Comm & Indust Equipment Massage Therapists Skin Care Specialists Computer, Automated Teller, & Office Machine Repairers Security & Fire Alarm Systems Installers

Occupational Employment 35

Most Job Growth: Work Experience in a Related Occupation
Supervisory occupations, which often require this level of training, are projected to gain many jobs over the projections decade. One of these—office and administrative support supervisors—is also among the occupations projected to have the most annual job openings overall. Additionally, six of these jobs have earned the “HOT” designation for the projections period because they are fast-growing and high-paying, with plentiful (at least 100) expected job openings. The majority of these occupations have average wages that exceed Georgia’s overall average wage of $17.96 per hour.
Supvsrs of Food Preparation & Serving Workers Supvsrs of Office & Admin Support Workers
Hot Supvsrs of Construction Trades & Extraction Workers

6,890 6,140 4,840 4,740 3,070 2,520 2,370 2,230 1,770 1,750 1,680 1,400 1,380 1,090 920 860 850 650 580 460

Supvsrs of Retail Sales Workers Supvsrs of Mechanics, Installers, & Repairers Supvsrs of Production & Operating Workers Self-Enrichment Education Teachers
Hot Food Service Managers Hot Supvsrs of Transport & Material-Moving Mach & Vehicle

Operators Supvsrs of Personal Service Workers
Hot Cost Estimators

Supvsrs of Landscaping, Lawn Service, & Groundskeeping Workers Supvsrs of Housekeeping & Janitorial Workers Supvsrs of Non-Retail Sales Workers Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, & Farm Products Supvsrs of Helpers, Laborers, & Material Movers, Hand
Hot Transportation, Storage, & Distribution Managers Hot Construction & Building Inspectors

Industrial Production Managers Chefs and Head Cooks

36 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Growth: Long-term on-the-job Training
Many of the occupations on this list offer apprenticeships as the usual route to job entry. Carpenters, electricians, plumbers, and welders are just a few of the occupations requiring this level of training. Police and firefighters are also in this category. There are two “HOT” jobs on the list because they are fast-growing and high-paying, with plentiful (at least 100) job openings expected over the projections period. Seven of these jobs have above average wages and most of the others pay near the statewide average.
Cooks, Restaurant Carpenters
Hot

7,460 5,650 3,830 3,530 2,750 2,340 1,500 1,450 1,250 1,140 870 740 710 700 660 620 610 600 580 520
Occupational Employment 37

Electricians

Police & Sheriff's Patrol Officers
Hot

Plumbers, Pipefitters, & Steamfitters Fire Fighters

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, & Brazers Machinists Heating, Air Cond, & Refrig Mechanics & Installers Sheet Metal Workers Bakers Industrial Machinery Mechanics Electrical Power-Line Installers & Repairers Butchers & Meat Cutters Coaches & Scouts Automotive Body & Related Repairers Telecommunications Line Installers & Repairers Claims Adjusters, Examiners, & Investigators Water & Liquid Waste Trtmt Plant & System Operators Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers

Most Job Growth: Moderate-term on-the-job Training
More occupations in Georgia require this level of education and training than any other class, as 183 jobs belong to this category. The twenty occupations listed below are expected to produce almost one in every seven new jobs overall over the projection decade. Two of the jobs listed below—customer service representatives and heavy/tractor-trailer truck drivers—are among both the top jobs for employment growth and for the most anticipated job openings in the state. Two occupations on the list have earned the “HOT” designation for 2004-2014 as a result of having fast job growth, high pay, and plentiful expected job openings.
Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer
Hot

13,030 10,040 7,390 7,380 6,570 6,130 5,750 4,750 3,460 3,300 3,240 2,990 2,210 1,870 1,840 1,370 1,290 1,290 1,260

Sales Reps, Whlsl & Manufng, Ex Tech & Scientific Products Maintenance & Repair Workers, General Exec Secretaries & Admin Assistants Team Assemblers Construction Laborers Medical Assistants Bookkeeping, Accounting, & Auditing Clerks Operating Engineers & Other Construction Equipment Operators Hot Sales Reps, Whlsl & Manufng, Tech & Scientific Products Social & Human Service Assistants Dental Assistants Pharmacy Technicians Cooks, Institution & Cafeteria Painters, Construction & Maintenance Cement Masons & Concrete Finishers Payroll & Timekeeping Clerks Slaughterers & Meat Packers Correctional Officers & Jailers

38 Georgia Workforce 2014

Most Job Growth: Short-term on-the-job Training
Twenty-six percent of all gains in new jobs for 2004-2014 are represented by the occupations listed below. Twelve of these occupations are among the overall leaders in expected job growth in Georgia and half are among the occupations with the most expected annual job openings. It turns out, however, that the majority of the annual openings in these jobs will come from high employee turnover, as a result of the relatively low average wages in these jobs.
Retail Salespersons Waiters & Waitresses Combined Food Prep & Serving Workers, Incl Fast Food Laborers & Freight, Stock, & Material Movers, Hand Janitors & Cleaners, Ex Maids & Housekeeping Cleaners Teacher Assistants Child Care Workers Food Preparation Workers Cashiers Office Clerks, General Truck Drivers, Light or Delivery Services Receptionists & Information Clerks Cooks, Fast Food Landscaping & Groundskeeping Workers Bill & Account Collectors Maids & Housekeeping Cleaners Personal & Home Care Aides Packers & Packagers, Hand Industrial Truck & Tractor Operators Security Guards 19,270 18,690 13,510 12,080 10,820 10,370 9,970 9,380 8,320 7,880 7,610 6,530 6,130 5,540 5,170 5,110 5,070 4,640 4,180
Occupational Employment 39

32,190

Notes
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 40 Georgia Workforce 2014

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