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What is the difference between Firewall and Proxy Server?
Firewall is used to protect internal IT infrastructure from being attacked from the
internet. Cisco Pix or software solutions like Checkpoint and Microsoft ISA are firewall
products and widely used today to protect internal IT infrastructure from Hackers.
Proxy Servers are used today for sharing the internet connections and protecting
internal user information like IP address from the internet. Internal users in the
company can access the internet with the same connection using the proxy server.
Typically cyber café owners and similar sized setups use proxies. Proxy servers work
under application layer and firewall works under networking layer.
How to determine whether Exchange Server 2003 is running Standard or Enterprise
Edition?
We can know this by event viewer. The following event id will generate when exchange
server is installed.
Standard Edition: event 1216
EnterpriseEdition: event id 1217
What is the function of Nat?
The objective of NAT is used to enable the two way communication with internet of a
machine which is not internet facing. This can be used to access home computer via
broadband internet connection.


What are different editions of Windows 2003 Sever?
Standard Edition
Web Edition
Enterprise Edition
Data center Edition


What is the active directory database name and where it is located?
The active directory database name is NTDS.Dit and located in c: windows ntds


What is the expansion if .Dit?
Dit-Directory Information Tree and scalable up to 70 TB.


What is active directory?
A central component of windows, used to manage, and administrator users, computers
and printers in the network from active directory.


What is DNS? What is “forward lookup zone” and “reverse lookup zone”?
DNS is domain naming service and used to resolve host names to IP addresses and IP
addresses to host names. The computer understands only numbers to communicate
with each other. Its also easier way to make access websites by assigning names to
websites.
When we use web address e.g. http://ittechjobs.net in browser, computer uses DNS for
IP address to redirect the website.
Forward lookup: Converting names to IP address is called forward lookup.
Reverse lookup: Resolving IP address to names is called reverse lookup.
‘A’ record: It is called host record and it is used to map name to IP address. This is the
record in DNS with the help of which DNS finds the host name.
‘MX’ Record: it is called mail exchanger record. It is the record needed to locate the
mail servers in the network. This record is also found in DNS.


What is DHCP? What are scopes and super scopes?
DHCP: Dynamic host configuration protocol. It is used to allocate IP addresses to large

number of PCs in a network environment.
Scope: Scope contains IP address like subnet mask, gateway IP, DNS server IP and
exclusion range which a client can use to communicate with the other PCs in the
network.
Super scope: When we combine two or more scopes together it is called super scope.

What are the types of LAN cables?
LAN cables are classified into CAT 5 and CAT 6.CAT 5 Supports 100 MBPS of speed while
CAT 6 supports 1 GBPS of speed.
What is the difference between LAN cable and Cross cable?
RJ45 connector connections are different in LAN cable as compared to cross cable.
E.g.:
Straight Cable
Pin 1 WhiteOrange Pin 1 WhiteOrange
Pin 2 Orange Pin 2Orange
Pin3 WhiteGreen Pin3 WhiteGreen
Pin4 Blue Pin4 Blue
Pin5 WhiteBlue Pin5 WhiteBlue
Pin 6 Green Pin 6 Green
Pin 7 Brown Pin 7 Brown
Pin 8 WhiteBrown Pin 8 WhiteBrown
Cross Cable:
Wire Becomes
1———————-3
2———————-6
3———————-1
6———————-2
By default the LAN Cable is 100 Meters but you may observe drop of signals after 80
Meters.
Cross cable is used to connect two computers without using switch.


Describe in brief about IPCONFIG Command?
This command displays the information about IP assigned to a computer. From the
output we can know the information of IP address, DNS IP address and Gateway
address assigned to that computer.


What is APIPA Range?
When DHCP server is unavailable, windows client computer assigns an IP address itself
to communicate with other computers in the network.
APIPA stands for automatic private IP addressing. It is in the range of 169.254.X.X.


What are manageable and non-manageable switches?
Manageable switches are those switches which can be administered so we can create
VLAN etc while non manageable switches cannot be managed.


Global Address List (GAL)
A list containing all Exchange users, contacts, Groups, Conferencing resources, and
public folders in an organization.
The list is retrieved from the global catalog servers in the active directory and is used
by Outlook clients to address messages or find information about recipients within the
organization.


What is Lightweight Directory Access Protocol?

LDAP a Network protocol designed to work on TCP/IP stacks to exact information from a
hierarchical directory such as x.500 and useful for searching through data to find a
particular piece of information.
What is mail enabled?
An active directory object that has at least one email address is assigned.
What is message transfer agent?
(MTA) An exchange component that routes messages to other Exchange
MTAs,information stores,connectors, and third-party gateways.Also referred to as X.400
protocol in Exchange 2000 System Manager
What is the purpose of Device Drivers?
Device Drivers are the software required to run hardware components.
What is one of the latest Computer Processors (CPU)?
The Intel Pentium Quad Core Intel I3, I5 and I7 processors.
What does USB stand for?
Universal Serial Bus – the current version is 2.0. It allows the
connection of peripherals without the need to shut down the computer.
Which desktop operating systems are you familiar with?
You will need to have familiarized yourself with the system used by the organization
you are hoping to join. Focus your answer on those systems, but also mention other
systems with which you have experience.
What are the disadvantages of using imaging software?
This question is designed to test your familiarity with imaging software. Describe image
testing and the attributes of particular software to show your familiarity with imaging.
Define Hard-Disk Partitions?
Hard disk partitions divide the hard disk drive into smaller segments to enable
better space management. Each partition on the disk can then be considered as a
separate disk allowing different file systems to be used on each.
What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is used for the temporary storage of data
that is being worked on. ROM is Read-Only Memory and is used for permanent storage
of data that should never be changed, like BIOS for example.
If the audio for your computer is not working, what would you check?
Check the following: Speaker volume, cable connections, power to the speakers and
device drivers.
What are the lights on a Modem/LAN Card and what do they indicate?
The lights are:
- Power light – indicates if the power is on.
- Link light – indicates if the modem is receiving broadband or Internet signals from the
ISP.
- Data light – indicates if the Internet is working.
- Connectivity light – indicates if the modem is connected to a computer.
What are some of the Ports available in a computer?
Common ports are: PS/2 ports, for keyboard and mouse. USBports. Sound ports.LAN or

Ethernet ports. VGA ports.
What does DHCP stand for and what is its purpose?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – it assigns dynamic IP addresses to network
devices allowing them to have a different IP address each time they are
connected to the network.
What does DNS stand for and what is it used for?
Domain Name Service (or System or Server) – it translates domain names into IPad
dresses.
List five Microsoft Office applications.
MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, MS Outlook and MS Access
What are some versions of Windows XP?
XP Professional, XP Home, Media Centre, Tablet PC and Mobile
what components are needed to set up a Basic Home Network?
Router/Hub, LAN cards and LAN cables.
What is the purpose of BOOT.INI?
Boot.ini is used to decide which operating system options are displayed during the
start-up process.
Identify a few Firewalls.
There are two basic types of firewall – network layer, which make decisions based on
source and destination addresses, and application layer, which are hosts run on proxy
servers and allow no direct traffic between networks. Comodo and Zone Alarm are two
commonly used firewalls.
Personal IT & desktop support interview questions and answers
How do you feel about your abilities as a manager? Focus on how you achieve results
while maintaining good staff relations. Use examples of your successes and how you
have learned from mistakes. Emphasise your energy and experience.
What is your style of management?
Tailor your answer to the management style of the company to show that your style will
complement it. A good maxim to remember is ‘task needs, group needs and individual
needs’. You might also mention motivation and delegation.
What qualities do you look for when you hire people?
Mention ability and experience and interpersonal skills. You should also mention
initiative and future potential.
In our industry, what are some important trends that you see?
This question is intended to test your knowledge of the industry. You will need to have
done some homework. You might look at topics like technological developments,
economic challenges and changes in the market.
What are your reasons for leaving your previous/present job?
Be honest and brief but avoid answers suggesting personality conflicts or that you were
dismissed. Try to present the move in a positive light.
Have you ever had to fire someone? If so, why did you have to do so, and how did you
approach the situation?

Mention that the task was not pleasant but that you got through by explaining the
position and reasons for dismissal to the individual and being as sympathetic as
possible.
Your resume shows that you may be over-qualified for this position. What is your
opinion of this?
You hope to work long term with the company and hope that good work performance
will open up new opportunities within it. You can mention that strong companies always
need well-qualified staff and that with your qualifications the employer will see a good
and rapid return on his investment.
What, in your opinion, is the most difficult aspect of being a manager or executive?
Identify one of the most difficult tasks as being the motivation of staff in trying
circumstances.You can include planning and completing objectives on time and within
budget.
What do you feel is an appropriate salary for this position?
Salary is a delicate question. You can answer in several ways. You can give a figure
based on industry norms for the position or else you could say that you cannot give a
realistic answer until you know more details of the job. Do not undersell yourself - you
will regret giving a figure that is too low. Equally, if the figure is too high, you will put
off the employer. It is best to avoid being too specific but do not give the impression
that salary is unimportant.
How do you remain abreast of new developments in technology?
You could mention seminars, courses, trade journals and technology magazines. You
could also mention the value of social networking.
Describe yourself professionally in a few words.
This is not an invitation to give your life story. Give a brief mention of your highest
education level, say where you have worked and your role focussing on your most
recent, and then refer to your future goals. You should devote no more than one
sentence to each aspect.
If your previous manager was in the room with us, what do you think he would have to
say about you?
Always try to be positive. Give answers like: “ They would say that I was an
enthusiastic, hard worker” or “ I was the most reliable and efficient member of the
team’ or “I was an excellent problem solver.”
What are some questions you would ask to help isolate a user’s problem?
This question examines your problem-solving ability. You could say that you would ask
the following questions:
-

Describe the problem. Was there an error message? If so, what?
Have you had a similar problem or other problems before? Give details.
What were you doing when the system failed?
Has any new hardware been added to the system?
Has any new software been added to the system?
Have you downloaded anything from the Internet?
What, if anything, have you done to fix the problem yourself?
Are you the only user who has access to the system?

What is your favourite aspect of desktop support?

The question is a test of motivation. You need to match your answer to the job. Mention
aspects like the challenges of working with new systems and meeting new people.
How capable do you think you are at handling stress?
Here you need to acknowledge that sometimes work and life can be stressful. You need
to show what techniques you use to reduce and control stress – careful time
management, exercise, time out, setting priorities are all methods you could discuss.
Scenario interview questions and answers
A customer complains that his computer is working slowly. What things should you
check?
Check the following:
- Is start-up time longer than usual?
- Is it slower with one particular application or slower overall?
- Are there any viruses, malware or spyware?
- Available Hard Disk space.
What is your troubleshooting process?
The basic troubleshooting process is:
- Identify the problem.
- Consider likely causes.
- Test theories to localise the cause.
- Formulate and implement a plan to solve the problem.
- Verify that the problem is solved and take steps to prevent a reoccurrence.
- Record your findings, what action you took and the outcome.
What is your least favourite aspect of desktop support?
This is designed to see how well you will fit with the present team. A good answer
would be along the lines of being unable to solve a problem due to factors outside you
control, like hardware failure for instance.
Describe a situation where you have had to deal with a difficult person and how you
handled it? Do you think you should have done anything differently?
This question is best answered by reference to a successful outcome to a difficult
situation that you have encountered. In general terms, you could say that you
understand the frustration of end users and that good communication often goes a
long way to resolving issues.
Would you describe yourself as a problem solver? If so, why? Can you give any example
You should obviously give a positive answer. You should give examples that show that
you can think critically and highlight your skills.
The company interview questions and answers
What do you know about our company and our products?
To answer this question, you must have done your homework and to show it. You will
need to know what the company does and something about its products. You will also
need to be aware of recent developments and know a little about the leading figures in
the company.
Why do you want to work for this organization?
Let the interviewers know that you have done some homework by saying that in your
job search their company stood out from the rest because “….” You should also
mention the company’s history, products, philosophy, reputation etc.
What are your reasons for wanting to work with us?
From your research on the company, you should be able to spell out what has attracted

you to apply for the position – perhaps they focus on an area of
research that you enjoy or would like to become involved with; maybe they offer
opportunities that competitors do not; or possibly they are active in a field that
interests you. Be careful, though, do not pretend to have an interest in something that
you do not – your deception will be noticed.
Career IT & desktop support interview questions and answer
What are some things that you look for in a job?
Tailor your answer to the interviewers’ company. Talk about challenges, job satisfaction,
opportunities and work environment.
For what period of time do you expect to stay with us?
Say that you are looking for a career in the organisation but will need to remain
challenged.
What long-term goals do you have?
Relate to the job description and the company and describe what progression you
would like to see in that environment.
So far, how successful do you feel have you been?
Here you need to give an air of quiet confidence. Say that your career progression to
date has been quite good (give examples of how you think you have been successful).
Describe three of your accomplishments over the past few years that you are most
proud of.
Identify three of your best achievements and say why you are most proud of them –
you can consider the difficulties, the outcomes etc.
In two or three years from now, what do you see yourself doing?
This is a test of your ambition and possible loyalty. You should be clear about what you
hope to achieve and could ask the interviewers if your objectives are a possibility with
their company.
NICE 2
Windows Desktop Support Interview Questions
Q. What is an operating system?
A. Operating system works as an interpreter between computer Hardware and
application. Operation system works as a user
interface.
Q. Types of Operating systems?
A. There are two types of operating systems
1. SOS: Simple Operating System as for example- Windows 95,98, ME
2. NOS: Network Operating System as for example- Windows NT, 2000, 2003.
Q. What is server?
A. Server is computer that provides the services. As for Example:1. DNS Server
2. WINS Server
3. DHCP Server
4. RAS Server
5. VPN Server
Q. What is RAS Server?

A. RAS stands for Remote Access Server. It is basically use for mobile user in the
network. This server provides the access
connectivity for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are connected to server
through telephone line. This server also
provides the connectivity between two more offices in the network.
Q. What is VPN Server?
A. VPN Stands for Virtual Private Network. It is basically use for mobile user in the
network. This server provides the remote
access connectivity for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are connected to
server through internet. This server also
provides the connectivity between two or more office in the network. VPN is cost
effective (No Costly).
Q. What is IAS Server?
A. IAS stands for Internet Authentication Services. IAS server is also known as RADIUS
Server. IAS Server provides the
centralized management of multiple RAS & VPN Server in the Network. On this Server
Remote Access Policy and Remote Access
logging options are available.
Q. FAT/NTFS?
A. there is major difference are available between FAT and NTFS file systems Such as:
FAT:
• FAT Stands for File Allocation Table
• There are three categories in FAT file system.
 FAT
 FAT-16
 FAT-32
• In FAT Not up to folder level security is available
• Compression option is not available
• Encryption Option is not available
• Disk Quota Option is not available
• FAT supported by all of the Microsoft Based Operating Systems.
NTFS:
• NTFS stands for New Technology File Systems
• There are three categories in NTFS file systems
 NTFS 4.0- NT Operating Systems
 NTFS 5.0- 2000 Operating Systems
 NTFS 6.0- 2003 Operating Systems
• In NTFS up to File level security is available
• Compression option is available
• Encryption option is available
• Disk Quota Option is available
• NTFS supported by only limited Microsoft Based Operating System
Q. What is the difference between Windows NT/2000/2003?
A. There is many differences are available between Windows NT, 2000 and 2003 O/S,
such as NT:
• There is no active directory
• There is no tree/forest hierarchical structure is available
• There is no site relationship
• There is no parent domain and child domain concepts are available in the network/

• NT support NTFS 4.0 file system
• NT support NTLM version 2 LAN Authentication Protocol
• In NT by default no trust relationship are configured
• In NT we will use System Policy
• In NT specific Client site Operation system is available i.e. NT Workstation 4.0 Edition
• In NT we will use Exchange 5.5 Server
• In NT we can create only one way trust relationship inside the network
2000:
• There is Active Directory
• Tree/Forest Hierarchical Structure are available
• There is Site Relationship is available
• There is parent domain and child domain concept are available
• 2000 Support NTFS 5.0 file system
• 2000 Support Kerberos version 5.0 authentication protocol
• In 2000 by default Two-way Trust Relationship are configured
• In 2000 we will use Group Policy
• 2000 support maximum 32 Processor and 64 GB Ram
• In 2000 Specific client site operating system is available i.e. 2000 Professional
• In 2000 we will use Exchange 2000 server
• In 2000 no stub zone is available in DNS
• In 2000 Resultant Setup Policy is not available
• In 2000 GPMC is not available
• In 2000 Conditional forwarding option is not available
• In 2000 Effective Permission option is not available
• In 2000 only some Administrative Command Line Tools are available
• Active Directory saved query option is not available
• Shadow copy Option is not available in windows 2000 Operating System
• ASR Option is not available in Windows 2000 operating System
• In Windows 2000 we can create Maximum 1 DFS Root on a single DFS Server in the
network.
• In 2000 we can create two way trust relationship inside the network
2003:
• There is Active Directory
• Tree/Forest Hierarchical Structure are available
• There is site relationship is available
• There is parent domain and child domain concept are available
• 2003 support NTFS 6.0 File system
• 2003 support Kerberos 5.0 Authentication Protocol
• In 2003 we will use group policy
• 2003 support maximum 64 Processor and 64 GB RAM
• In 2003 no specific client site Operating System is available you can use either
windows 2000 Professional either Windows
XP Professional in the network
• In 2003 we will use Exchange 2003 Server
• In 2003 Stub Zone is available in DNS
• In 2003 GPMC is available
• In 2003 Resultant Setup Policy is available
• In 2003 Conditional Forwarding option is available
• In 2003 Effective Permission option is available
• Active Directory Saved Query option is available
• Shadow Copy option is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
• ASR Option is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
• In Windows 2003, we can create more than 1 DFS Root on A single DFS Server in the
Network

• In 2003 we can create two way Trust Relationship inside the network
Q. What is tree?
A. A group of domain is called tree and sharing a contiguous Name Space.
Q. What is forest?
A. A group of tree is called forest and does not sharing a contiguous name space but
sharing a common configuration (Schema).
Q. Difference between D.C. and A.D.C.?
A. D.C. stands for Domain Controller and A.D.C. stands for Additional Domain Controller.
A.D.C. is a backup of D.C. Only one
different is available between D.C. and A.D.C. i.e. – Operation master Role. On D.C. all
of five Operation Master Roles are
available1. Schema Master
2. Domain Naming Master
3. RID Master
4. PDC Emulator
5. Infrastructure Master
But on A.D.C. only Three Operation Master Role are Available:
1. RID Master
2. PDC Emulator
3. Infrastructure Master
Q. What is the benefit of Child Domain?
A. There are many benefits of Child Domain Such As:
1. Security Boundary
2. Administrative Overhead Low
3. Network Traffic Low
Q. What is Group?
A. Group is a collection of user account. It provides the simplified administration in the
network.
Q. What is OU?
A. OU stands for Organizational Unit. On OU we define group Policy in the network.
Group policy is basically assigned on active
directory container i.e. Site, domain, OU. Whenever we want some users then we put
that user in the OU and assign the
appropriate Group Policy on that OU.
Q. What is Group Policy?
A. Group Policy provides the stream line access to all of the users in the network. Group
policy is basically assigned on active
directory container i.e. Site, Domain and O.U. Whenever we want some users in the
network do not use shut down the system,
do not use run command, do not use Control Panel, then we put that user in the OU
and assign the appropriate Group Policy on
that OU.
Q. Difference between permission, rights and policy?
A. Permission: permission is basically assigned on network resources as for example –
file, folder, share folder, printer.
Right: Right is basically assign to users and groups.

Policy: Policy is basically assigned on active directory container i.e. – Site, Domain, OU.
Q What is ISA Server?
A. ISA stands for Internet Security Acceleration. ISA server provides the internet
connectivity for all of the users in network ISA
Server also works as proxy Server in the network. With the help of ISA Server
Administrator can filtering a client request for a
specific web site in the network.
Q. What is Default Gateway?
A. Default Gateway is the IP address of router in the network. Whenever any clients
want to go to another network that query will
forward to default gateway.
Q. What is site?
A. A site is a geographical area where all of the domains are available. Site manages
the replication traffic between two or more
different sites in the network.
Q. What is Operation Master Role?
A. Operation Master Role is available on Domain Controller in the Network. There are
five types of operation master roles:1. Schema master
2. Domain Naming Master
3. RID Master
4. PDC Emulator
5. Infrastructure Master
Q. Difference between Mixed Mode and Native Mode?
A. There are two types of domain mode:
1. Mixed Mode: In this mode NT, win 2000 and win 2003 D.C. are available.
2. Native Mode: there are two types of native mode.
i. Win 2000 Native Mode: In this mode win 2000 and win 2003 DC are available.
ii. Win 2003 Native mode: in this mode only win 2003 DC are available.
Q. What is SCSI?
A. SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface. In SCSI the rate of data
transmission is fast. SCSI Hard Disk Speed R.P.M.
is fast in SCSI Data Transmission speed is 320 MBPS in the Network. In SCSI Controller
We can connect Maximum 15 Physical
Devices in the System.
Q. What are A-Host Record and PTR Record?
A. A record is also called host record. This record is basically created in forward lookup
Zone
PTR record is also called a Pointer record. This record is basically created in reverse
lookup Zone
Q. What is reservation?
A. Reservation is basically used in DHCP Server. When Ever we want this computer is
always received this IP address from DHCP
Server in the network, in the network, in that case we create a reservation in DHCP
Server of that particular computer in the
network.

Q. IP Address Range/Classes?
A. There are two types of IP address:1. Class Full IP Address
2. Class Less IP Address
Class Full IP Address – There are five classes:
1. Class A - 0 - 126(127 is reserved for Loop back)
2. Class B - 128 – 191
3. Class C - 192 – 223
4. Class D - 224 - 239
5. Class E - 240 – 255
Q. Difference between Hardware Router & Software Router?
A. Hardware Router: Hardware Router is a dedicated Router. It’s having a lot of feature
such as Security, dedicated routing in
the networking. As for Example Cisco Router.
Software Router: Software Router is not a dedicated router. It provides the different
services also such as DNS Server, DHCP
Server i.e. Windows Based Router.
Q. Difference between Hardware Firewall and Software Firewall?
A. Hardware Firewall: It is a dedicated firewall. A lots of security features are available
on hardware based firewall. As for
Example- Cisco Pix Firewall.
Software Firewall: It is a dedicated firewall. It provides the normal security in the
network- Check Point.
Q. What is Domain Controller?
A. D.C. stands for Domain Controller. It provides the centralized management of entire
domain in the network. Whenever we will
install active directory database on a server side operating system, then after that
system becomes a D.C. Domain controller
manages all security related interaction between users and computers in the network.
Q. What is B Router?
A. B Router stands for Bridge
Router. We can say this is a layer three bridge that provides the communication
between two or
more different network ID.
Q. What is a Bridge?
A. Bridge is a layer 2 network device that provides the communication within the same
network ID. In bridge maximum 16 ports
are available.
Q. Difference between Gateway and Router?
A. Router works on same network architecture but Gateway works on different network
architecture.
Q. What is POP Server/SMTP Server?
A. POP Stands for Post Office Protocol. It is basically use for mail receiving purpose in
the network.
SMTP Stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is basically use for sending a mail as
well as receiving a mail in the network.

Q. What is the function of Ping Command?
A. Ping provides to check the Physical IP Connectivity between two or more devices in
the network. Ping sends an ICMP request
from source Computer to destination computer and destination computer sends an
ICMP reply.
Q. What are Broadcasting, Multicasting and unicasting?
A. Broadcasting – one to all
Multicasting - one too many not all
Unicasting - One to One.
Q. What is Group Nesting?
A. When we add two or more Groups within a Single Group. It is called Group Nesting.
Q. What is FIXMBR?
A. FIXMBR Repair the Master boot record of the Partition Boot Sector.
Q. What is FIXBOOT?
A. FIXBOOT writes a new partition boot sector on to the system partition.
Q. What is SID?
A. SID stands for Security Identifier. Every object has a unique ID, it is called SID.
Q. What is RADIUS Server?
A. RADIUS Stands for Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service, RADIUS Server
Provides the Centralized Management of
Multiple RAS & VPN Server in the network. On this Server Remote Access Policy and
Remote Access Logging Options are available.
Q. What is Trusting Domain?
A. in Trusting Domain Resources are available.
Q. What is Trusted Domain?
A. in Trusted Domain User Accounts are available.
Q. What is Microsoft Exchange Server?
A. Microsoft Exchange Server is Software that provides the services such as sending &
receiving the Mail.
Q. What is Printer?
A. Printer is a Software that Governing the print Device. There are two types of Printer:
1. Local Printer
Chatting is a Real Time Conversation between two or more people in the network.
2. Network Printer
Q. What is Directory Services restore mode?
A. When our Active Directory Database is not working properly, and then we restart the
domain Controller and press f8 key. Then after
Selecting the Directory services restore mode and then after restoring the active
directory database from the last backup.
Q. What is Normal Backup?
A. Just like a normal backup by default Backup.

Q. What is incremental backup?
A. In incremental backup only incremental parts are backup not full backup.
Q. What is differential backup?
A. In differential backup, we take full back up after the normal backup.
Q. What is packet?
A. A packet is a logical grouping of information that includes a header which contains
location information and user data.
Q. What is forwarder?
A. It is basically use in DNS Server. When client query to the DNS Server. In that case if
the DNS is having a best results then
DNS Server give the best result. To the client computer in the network otherwise DNS
Windows Topics on http://www2.isupportyou.net
Q) what is Active Directory?
A central component of the Windows platform, Active Directory directory service
provides the means to manage the identities and relationships that make up network
environments. For example we can create, manage and administrator users, computers
and printers in the network from active directory.
Q) What is DNS? Why it is used? What is "forward lookup" and "reverse lookup" in DNS?
What are A records and mx records?
DNS is domain naming service and is used for resolving names to IP address and IP
addresses to names. The computer understands only numbers while we can easily
remember names. So to make it easier for us what we do is we assign names to
computers and websites. When we use these names



Feature in windows server 2008 and 2012 server.


Server 2008 version had both 32 bit and 64 bit releases, however Server
2008 R2 started with migrating to completely 64 bit operating system
releases for better performance and scalability, and Server 2012 completely
is a 64 bit operating system. That’s where the future is heading in Microsoft
Windows Server Operating systems.



IIS 8: Windows Server 2012 features IIS 8 which brings its latest version with
features like script pre-compilation, granular process throttling, centralized
certificate management, etc.



Power Shell 3.0: Power Shell is going to be the future of Microsoft. With
Command line interfaces being less popular over the last decade, Microsoft is
building up with newer versions of power shell with more advanced features
and that’s where IT Professionals have to keep in mind and keep learning the
new cmdlets.



Server Core: Server core was introduced in Windows Server 2008 as a
competitor to Linux/Unix operating systems but with limited features.
Microsoft is coming up with advanced features and with Server 2012
installation; it gives an option to switch to Server Core and vice-versa after
the installation.



Direct Access: Direct Access was considered to be a replacement to VPN
and was introduced with Windows Server 2008 but with Server 2012, it is
much easier to use.



Hyper-V 3.0: Hyper-V introduces a new version 3.0 which offers an
extensible virtual switch and lives storage migration which is a step up from
Server 2008 R2’s Quick Storage Migration to prevent downtime. It is also
capable of migrating virtual machines (VMs) without shared storage.



SMB 3.0: SMB 3.0 provides improved performance of SMB Direct (SMB over
RDMA), improved SMB event messages, helps Hyper-V live migration over
SMB, and other new features which makes it a robust feature in Server 2012
R2.

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