Domain Names

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Proactively Secure Your Brands with Questel•Orbit

User Guide

September 2002

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1. Introduction Definition A domain name is a simple means to identify and access a Web site. Examples:

voila.fr nice-aeroport.aero trademarkexplorer.com

Two components make up a domain name: ƒ

The Sub-domain is the component that the owner can create to identify a company, service or activity. Examples: voila nice-aeroport

ƒ

The Top Domain or Domain Extension is the component under which the domain name is registered and is separated from the sub-domain by a period (“.”).

Sub-domain Sub-domains can contain up to 63 characters, and may include: ƒ Any or all of the letters in the alphabet, from A through Z ƒ Any or all numbers between 0 through 9 ƒ The hyphen “-“ All other characters, such as the slash (“/”), the underline (“_”), the apostrophe (“’”), the space (“ “), the period (“.”) or other punctuation marks are not usable.

Domain Extensions Top Level Domains (TLDs) TLDs come in two categories: generic (or international) and geographic (or national) ƒ

Generic Top Level Domains or gTLDs These domains are not associated with a country and include the following 14 extensions: aero (aeronautic) biz (business) com (commercial) coop (cooperative) edu (education) gov (government) nfo (information) int (international) mil (military) museum name (family name) net (network) org (nonprofit organization) pro (professional)

ƒ

Country Code Top Level Domains or ccTLDs These domains are associated with a country. They are two-letter codes that represent countries.

Second Level Domains The dot “.” Is a character that serves to separate the two different levels. There are approved secondlevel domains with such extensions as “.com.fr”, .”co.uk”, “.tm.fr”, “.asso.fr”. There are also private second-level domains such as nice.aeroport.fr. These domains are not included in the service.

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2. Access to Domain Names All Questel•Orbit service contract customers have access to the Domain Name Service, which is available in English at www.trademarkexplorer.com. You can access the search screen in two ways: 1. By clicking on Domain Names search on the upper right-hand corner of the Search menu.

2. By clicking on the link domain n@mes on the results page of a trademark search.

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3. The Search The Search Screen

Wildcard (* and ?) domain name search Enter the domain name in this field box.

Identical Search To conduct an identical domain name search, enter the exact domain name without truncation. Keep in mind that the hyphen “-“ can be part of a domain name. Therefore a search on the name “inter-net” will not yield “internet.com”. Similarly, the search “internet” will not yield the domain name “inter-net.com”.

Similarity Search To conduct a similarity search, use the truncations (wildcards) “*” and “?”. The asterisk “*” replaces an unlimited number of characters. The question mark “?” replaces exactly one character. You can use these two truncations as prefixes, suffixes or infixes of the search term. Note: In searching, the truncated term must have at least three characters with the truncation “*” and at least two characters with the truncation “?”. Examples: Searching “alexander*” Searching “*alexander*” Searching “alex*ander”

will yield the domain “alexander” and all other domains that start with “alexander” will yield the domain “alexander” and all other domains that contain “alexander” will yield the domains that start with “alex” and end with 5

Searching “?lexander”

“ander”. will yield the domains with “lexander” preceded by any one character. Examples: “alexander”, “ulexander” “4lexander”, etc.

Accessing Domain Names in Order to Complete Your Trademark Search When you access the search screen by clicking on the link domain n@mes after a trademark search, the trademark name that you have selected will automatically appear in the field box Wildcard (* and ?) domain name search. If this trademark contains only one word, it will be included automatically without truncation. If the trademark contains more than one word, an unlimited truncation “*” will be inserted automatically between each word. If the trademark contains characters that are unauthorized for domain name use, they will be replaced by an unlimited truncation.

Specifying an Extension If you wish to limit your search to a specific domain name, you only need to enter in the field box Wildcard (* and ?) domain name search, the name following the desired domain extension. Example: voila.fr Without specifying an extension or modifying other criteria, the search will run ƒ On a group of domain names excluding the least pertinent fields when conducting the search online ƒ On generic a selected group of generic domain names and the national domains that correspond to the trademark’s country (as indicated by the additional TLDs), as in the case of search to complete a trademark search (see Appendix on page 19).

Groups To fine tune or enlarge your search, you can make use of three large categories of groups:

Trade Groups These groups divide countries by trade or commercial exchange treaties: ƒ Andean Pact – A group of countries from northeast and South America. ƒ EFTA – the European Free Trade Association, consist of Iceland, Lichtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. ƒ NAFTA – the North American Free Trade Agreement, consists of Canada, Mexico and the United States. ƒ Benelux ƒ European Union ƒ Mercosur – consists of countries in the southern tip of South America

Geographic Groups This category includes country groupings based on geographic lines. ƒ The Americas ƒ Asia ƒ Europe ƒ Middle East ƒ Australia and Oceania ƒ Africa

Other Groups This final category consist of two groups: ƒ Generic top Level Domains ƒ Global Top 50 Countries 6

You can display detailed information on each group by clicking on the name of the group. To limit your search to one or more groups, click on the corresponding radio boxes.

Other Options You may also modify search criteria by using one or more of the following:

Exclude gTLDs from results Click on this option’s radio box if you wish to exclude from your results generic domains when you: ƒ Do a total search by default (without selecting groups) ƒ Use the NAFTA group

Additional TLDs Choose this option if you want to: ƒ Add one or more domains to one or more selected groups Example: generic + .fr ƒ Limit your search to more domains that are not within a group Example: .com and .fr You must enter the domain extensions without the period “.” and separate one from the other by a comma.

Exclude Some Less Relevant TLDs from Results Deselect this option if you do not want any restrictions on your total search.

Search Example In the example below, you search French, English and German generic domains, that contain “EVASION”.

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4. Displaying Results Showing the Number of Hits One you have clicked on the Search button, the following window will show: ƒ Number of hits ƒ Cost of displaying results If you wish to display your results, click on Continue. An alert message will remind you of the cost. Click OK to confirm.

Displaying Domain Names in List Format Your results will be displayed by groups of 50 in a list format. To display the remainder of the list, click on the button Next Domains. If the total number of results is less than 50, the screen will show the entire list.

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Download Domains To display the entire list of domain names or a personalized list, click on the Download Domains button on the lower left-hand corner of the screen.

The All Domains from this Search option lets you show the entire list of domain names that your search yielded. In other words, you can show not only 50 domain names on the screen but also the rest of the other domain names that you found. The Saved Domains option lets you create a personal list by choosing certain domain names. How this option works: ƒ Click on the radio buttons that correspond to the names you want or the “Select all domains on this page” if you want to choose all the names on the page. ƒ Next, click on the button Save Checked Domains for Report. The massage “You currently have no domains saved for reporting” right next to the Save Checked Domains for Report is modified and the word “no” is replaced with the number of selected and registered documents. The Next Domains button lets you continue your search and expand your list. Once you have finished your selection, choose a either text or html format then click on Download Domains in the Saved Domains option.

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Example of a list of four names in text format:

Example of the same list in html format:

You can save the list with the File/Save As function.

Displaying the “Whois” file To display “Whois”, which provides “Registry”, “Registrar” and domain name owner information, display the entire document. Example of “Whois”: Domain 1 Domain Name MONDIAL-EVASION.FR Country France Whois Tous droits reserves par copyright. Voir http://www.nic.fr/outils/dbcopyright.html Rights restricted by copyright. See http://www.nic.fr/outils/dbcopyright.html domain: descr: descr: descr: admin-c: tech-c: zone-c:

mondial-evasion.fr MONDIAL EVASION 19 RUE SAINT JEAN 42000 SAINT ETIENNE JE58-FRNIC NF485-FRNIC NFC1-FRNIC 10

nserver: ns1.lerelaisinternet.com nserver: ns2.lerelaisinternet.com mnt-by: FR-NIC-MNT mnt-lower: FR-NIC-MNT changed: [email protected] 20010521 source: FRNIC role: NORDNET France address: Nordnet address: 111, rue de Croix address: 59510 Hem address: France phone: +33 3 20 66 55 55 fax-no: +33 3 20 66 56 69 e-mail: [email protected] admin-c: ML50-FRNIC admin-c: DU11-FRNIC tech-c: ML50-FRNIC tech-c: DU11-FRNIC tech-c: JG3094-FRNIC nic-hdl: NF485-FRNIC notify: [email protected] changed: [email protected] 20001212 source: FRNIC …/… Web Site Title Web Site www.mondial-evasion.fr Web Site Title L'Espagne dégriffée, Mondial évasion votre spécialiste du voyage en promotion

At the end of the file, a link will let you directly access the site, if it exists, that corresponds to the domain name. To display the entire document, choose among three options: ƒ The Display Document link ƒ The Get Full Records – All Domains from this Search option ƒ The Get Full Records – Saved Domains option

Display Document The Display Document link on the list right above each domain name lets you display complete information on those domain names.

Get Full Records – All Domains from this Search Located at the bottom right-hand corner of the screen, this button lets you display complete information on several domain names. The All Domains from this Search option lets you display complete information on each search result, divided in groups of 50, as well as all those domain names not included in your list.

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Get Full Records – Saved Domains The Saved Domains option lets you display information on a selection of domain names. How to make a selection: ƒ Click on the radio boxes corresponding to the names you want or choose “Select all domains on this page” if you want to view all the items on the page. ƒ Next, click on Save Checked Domains for Report. The message “You currently have no domains saved for reporting” to the right of the Save Checked Domains for Report will change and the “no” will be replaced by the number of selected documents. Next Domains lets you continue your selection and expand your saved list. Once you’ve made your selection, click on Get Full Records in the Saved Domains option.

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5. Exporting Results You can export your saved results into your hard dark in text or html format. The export function lets you view entire documents. To export complete documents that you have viewed, click on the radio buttons of the domains you want or choose all the domains by clicking on “Select all domains”. Next, click on the Save as html or Save as text. You can also use this function when you view a single document with “Display Document”.

The window “Downloading File” is configured to your computer. Example of exporting 4 complete html “Domain Report” documents

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6. A Sample Trademark/Domain Name Search You will conduct a trademark search on a mark that is practiced internationally and contains the word “adventure.” You will then conclude the search with a domain name search.

Trademark Search You are logged on to Questel•Orbit via trademarkexplorer.com. On the Search menu page, click on France.

In the Free search field box, enter “SAUVAGE?” and select CL30.

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You should get 41 hits. On the results page, choose to view all the hits with the “Display results from all databases” option. In the Display Format jump menu choose “prime” and leave the “with image” box unchecked.

You want to view the trademark “Fleur Sauvage” which appears as the 30th item. To check if a domain name exists for this trademark, click on the domain n@mes link on the right side of the screen. This will take us to the domain names search page.

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Domain Name Search The trademark name will appear on the field box. Note that the quotation marks before and after the trademark name are gone. The space between the two words has been replaced by an unlimited truncation.

The search has yielded two hits. Should we decide to view these hits, the cost will be 0.40 euros. Until now, the search process has been free of charge.

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Once you click on “Continue” the list of domain names will appear.

To display all the documents, click on “Select all domains on this page”. Save the selections by clicking on “Save Checked Domains for Report”. Next, click on “Get Full Records” with the “Saved Domains” option to the selections.

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The screen will show the first page of the domain’s entire document. You will find the Whois file in the complete document. There are no additional charges for this display. To export into a hard disk, choose “Select all domains” then click on “Save as html”.

Here is the first page, called “Domain Report”, of the exported html file.

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7. Appendix Domain Extensions Trademark

Group

Additional TLDs

Germany U.S. U.S. Federal United Kingdom Austrian Benelux Canada Denmark Spain Finland France Italy Liechtenstein Mexico Monaco Norway Switzerland European Union

Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains Generic Top Level Domains

de us us uk at be, nl, lu ca dk es fi fr it li mx mc no ch fr, es, uk, pt, ie, it, de at, dk, se, fi, gr, be, nl, lu

International

Generic Top Level Domains

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8. To Contact Us PARIS (Headquarters) 4, rue des Colonnes 75082 Paris Cedex 02, France Telephone: +33 (0)1 55 04 52 00 Customer Service: +33 (0)1 55 04 51 00 Fax: +33 (0)1 55 04 52 01 E-mail: [email protected] WASHINGTON, D.C. 8000 Westpark Drive McLean, VA 22102, USA Telephone: +1 (703) 442-0900 Help Desk: 800 456 7248 (Toll Free) Fax: +1 (703) 893 4632 E-mail: [email protected]

Other Offices Germany: Central America: Argentina: Austria: Belgium: Brazil: Canada: Colombia: Denmark: Spain: Finland: Irland: Israel: Italy: Japan: Mexico: Norway: United Kingdom: Russia: Sweden: Switzerland: Taiwan: Venezuela:

0800 1 811 406 (Toll Free) +507 226 7617 +507 226 7617 0800 293632 (Toll Free) +32 3254 2490 +507 226 7617 1 514 874 1748 +57 4 262 27 00 800 18 06 (Toll Free) +34 91 443 03 19 0800 118943 (Toll Free) 1800 620499 (Toll Free) 09 8665032 39 02 670 9699 81 3 5690 3136 +507 226 7617 800 11584 (Toll Free) 020 8332 7544 +7 812 272 4638 02 07 93 11 5 (Toll Free) 0800 552 778 (Toll Free) +886 35 78 49 45 +507 226 7617

For other countries, please contact the Questel•Orbit office nearest you.

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