Dual Diagnosis Essay

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Running head: CO-OCCURRANCES & DUAL DISORDERS 1







Co-Occurrences & Dual Disorders
Michael H. Lait
Liberty University















CO-OCCURRANCES & DUAL DISORDERS 2


Co-Occurrences & Dual-Disorders
Co-occurring disorders and dual-diagnoses are found in patients who suffer from
concurrent forms of mental illness and substance use disorders (SUD) (Doweiko, 2012, p. 317).
According to the text, dual diagnosis patients may fall under many different forms of mental
illness and SUDs; however, though it gives examples of some they go one to state that only those
defined by the APA will be discussed in detail (Doweiko, 2012, p. 317). It is important to
remember that when dealing with a person who is dual diagnosed, the counselor must understand
that the SUD did not cause the psychiatric disorder; however, most likely they are somewhat
intertwined.
When it comes to the addiction cycle and how co-occurring disorders sffect it, the text
provides an excellent statement: “As a whole this population has worse treatment outcomes,
higher health care utilization; increased risk of violence, trauma, suicide, child abuse and neglect,
and involvement in the criminal justice system… (Doweiko, 2012, p. 318). It goes on to say that
of an estimated 4 million individuals with co-occurring disorders on ly eight percent received
help during the preceding year and 72% have never received treatment for both disorders.
The major disorders that share the dual-diagnosis with SUDs are depression, bipolar
disorder, anxiety disorders, antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), attention deficit disorder
(ADD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), eating disorders, posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia and somatoform disorders (Doweiko, 2012, p.320). According to
Doweiko, (2012), the disorders that have the greatest co-occurring disorders are ASPD at 84%,
bipolar disease at 56-64% and PTSD at 30-75% (p. 320).
Research done over the preceding 15 years by Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center
found that in a number of multi-site integrated treatment facilities specifically set up for dual-
CO-OCCURRANCES & DUAL DISORDERS 3


diagnosis, it was found that only one-half to two-thirds of the programs were able to establish
and maintain high-fidelity programs (Torrey, Drake, Cohen, Fox, & al, e., 2002, p. 507).
However, they did find that the patients who were in the high-fidelity implementations had
excellent outcomes, with significantly higher rates of stable remission in his or her final
outcomes.
Based on the research done and presented by our text and others, it is apparent that the
psychiatric community at large has a major problem when it comes to dual-diagnosis patients.
According to Doweiko (2012), recognizing a client with a dual-diagnosis is relatively easy;
however, the real problem exists in treating the patient both short and long term (p. 318). It
would seem that with so many people having a problem with dual-diagnosis, a solution needs to
be found and implemented post haste.












CO-OCCURRANCES & DUAL DISORDERS 4


References:
Doweiko, H. E. (2012). Concepts of chemical dependency (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole
Cengage.
Torrey, W. C., Drake, R. E., Cohen, M., Fox, L. B., & al, e. (2002). The challenge of
implementing and sustaining integrated dual disorders treatment programs. Community
Mental Health Journal, 38(6), 507-21. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/220125940?accountid=12085







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